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2007

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Articles 781 - 810 of 1355

Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences

The Effectiveness Of Investigative Tools For Secure Digital (Sd) Memory Card Forensics, Haitham Al-Hajri, Patricia Williams Mar 2007

The Effectiveness Of Investigative Tools For Secure Digital (Sd) Memory Card Forensics, Haitham Al-Hajri, Patricia Williams

Australian Digital Forensics Conference

There are many freeware based tools that can be downloaded from the World Wide Web. This paper reports the retrieval results of using these tools on digital images which have been deleted from Secure Digital (SD) cards. Since SD cards and USB flash drives are considered solid state technology, the tools selected are specifically for solid state drives. This research helps classify the selection of the most effective freeware tools that could be used to recover lost or deleted images. Further, it includes some of the issues that would face forensic examiners undertaking such investigations. The tools were tested using …

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A Forensically Tested Tool For Identification Of Notebook Computers To Aid Recovery: Liars Phase I Proof Of Concept, Peter Hannay, Andrew Woodward, Nic Cope Mar 2007

A Forensically Tested Tool For Identification Of Notebook Computers To Aid Recovery: Liars Phase I Proof Of Concept, Peter Hannay, Andrew Woodward, Nic Cope

Australian Digital Forensics Conference

The LIARS tool was designed to enable identification, and potentially the return, to the rightful owner of stolen laptop or notebook computers. Many laptops are discovered by Police, but time constraints prevent recovered devices from being identified. This project has produced a proof of concept tool which can be used by virtually any police officer, or other investigator, which does not alter the hard drive in any fashion. The tool uses a modified version of the chntpw software, and is based on a forensically tested live Linux CD. The tool examines registry hives for known location of keys which may …

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Multi-Step Scenario Matching Based On Unification, Soroto Panichprecha, George Mohay, Andrew Clark Mar 2007

Multi-Step Scenario Matching Based On Unification, Soroto Panichprecha, George Mohay, Andrew Clark

Australian Digital Forensics Conference

This paper presents an approach to multi-step scenario specification and matching, which aims to address some of the issues and problems inherent in to scenario specification and event correlation found in most previous work. Our approach builds upon the unification algorithm which we have adapted to provide a seamless, integrated mechanism and framework to handle event matching, filtering, and correlation. Scenario specifications using our framework need to contain only a definition of the misuse activity to be matched. This characteristic differentiates our work from most of the previous work which generally requires scenario specifications also to include additional information regarding …

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Mood 300 Iptv Decoder Forensics, An Hilven Mar 2007

Mood 300 Iptv Decoder Forensics, An Hilven

Australian Digital Forensics Conference

Since June 2005, viewers in Belgium can get access digital TV or IPTV available via ADSL through Belgacom, the largest telecommunications provider in the country. The decoders used to enjoy these services are the Mood 300 series from Tilgin (formerly i3 Micro Technology). As of the Mood 337, the decoders contain a hard disk to enable the viewer to record and pause TV programs. Although it is publicly known that the Mood’s hard disk is used to save recorded and paused TV programs, it was still unknown if it contains any data that could be of interest during a forensic …

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Blogs: Anti-Forensics And Counter Anti-Forensics, Glenn S. Dardick, Claire R. La Roche, Mary A. Flanigan Mar 2007

Blogs: Anti-Forensics And Counter Anti-Forensics, Glenn S. Dardick, Claire R. La Roche, Mary A. Flanigan

Australian Digital Forensics Conference

Blogging gives an ordinary person the ability to have a conversation with a wide audience and has become one of the fastest growing uses of the Web. However, dozens of employee-bloggers have been terminated for exercising what they consider to be their First Amendment right to free speech and would-be consumer advocates face potential liability for voicing their opinions. To avoid identification and prevent retribution, bloggers have sought to maintain anonymity by taking advantage of various tools and procedures - anti-forensics. Unfortunately some anonymous bloggers also post content that is in violation of one or more laws. Some blogging content …

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Improving Machine Learning Through Oracle Learning, Joshua Ephraim Menke Mar 2007

Improving Machine Learning Through Oracle Learning, Joshua Ephraim Menke

Theses and Dissertations

The following dissertation presents a new paradigm for improving the training of machine learning algorithms, oracle learning. The main idea in oracle learning is that instead of training directly on a set of data, a learning model is trained to approximate a given oracle's behavior on a set of data. This can be beneficial in situations where it is easier to obtain an oracle than it is to use it at application time. It is shown that oracle learning can be applied to more effectively reduce the size of artificial neural networks, to more efficiently take advantage of domain experts …

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Ria: An Rf Interference Avoidance Algorithm For Heterogeneous Wireless Networks, Daniel P. Delorey, Qiuyi Duan, Charles D. Knutson, Manoj Pandey, Lei Wang, Ryan W. Woodings, Daniel Zappala Mar 2007

Ria: An Rf Interference Avoidance Algorithm For Heterogeneous Wireless Networks, Daniel P. Delorey, Qiuyi Duan, Charles D. Knutson, Manoj Pandey, Lei Wang, Ryan W. Woodings, Daniel Zappala

Faculty Publications

Devices with multiple wireless interfaces are becoming increasingly popular. We envision that these devices will become the building block for future mesh networks, providing seamless connectivity across a range of heterogeneous devices. Although these devices typically implement frequency sharing, using either Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) or Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), they may still interfere with one another. In this paper we provide a novel Radio Interference Avoidance (RIA) algorithm that solves the problem of interference between IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth. We then extend this algorithm to other types of DSSS and FHSS combinations. Though the algorithm is limited …

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Obstacle Annotation By Demonstration, Michael David Clement Mar 2007

Obstacle Annotation By Demonstration, Michael David Clement

Theses and Dissertations

By observing human driving with a “digital head" (combined video camera and accelerometers) and taking a few hand annotations, we can automatically annotate regions in a robot's field of view that should be interpreted as obstacles to be avoided. This is accomplished by detecting the movement for a given frame in a video. Some hand annotations of video frames are necessary and they are used to create Probability Grids. Using the movement data and the Probability Grids, it is possible to annotate large amounts of video data quickly in an automated system.

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Observational Studies Of Software Engineering Using Data From Software Repositories, Daniel Pierce Delorey Mar 2007

Observational Studies Of Software Engineering Using Data From Software Repositories, Daniel Pierce Delorey

Theses and Dissertations

Data for empirical studies of software engineering can be difficult to obtain. Extrapolations from small controlled experiments to large development environments are tenuous and observation tends to change the behavior of the subjects. In this thesis we propose the use of data gathered from software repositories in observational studies of software engineering. We present tools we have developed to extract data from CVS repositories and the SourceForge Research Archive. We use these tools to gather data from 9,999 Open Source projects. By analyzing these data we are able to provide insights into the structure of Open Source projects. For example, …

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Hardware Virtualization Applied To Rootkit Defense, Douglas P. Medley Mar 2007

Hardware Virtualization Applied To Rootkit Defense, Douglas P. Medley

Theses and Dissertations

This research effort examines the idea of applying virtualization hardware to enhance operating system security against rootkits. Rootkits are sets of tools used to hide code and/or functionality from the user and operating system. Rootkits can accomplish this feat through using access to one part of an operating system to change another part that resides at the same privilege level. Hardware assisted virtualization (HAV) provides an opportunity to defeat this tactic through the introduction of a new operating mode. Created to aid operating system virtualization, HAV provides hardware support for managing and saving multiple states of the processor. This hardware …

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Implementation And Optimization Of The Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm On An 8-Bit Field Programmable Gate Array Hardware Platform, Ryan J. Silva Mar 2007

Implementation And Optimization Of The Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm On An 8-Bit Field Programmable Gate Array Hardware Platform, Ryan J. Silva

Theses and Dissertations

The contribution of this research is three-fold. The first is a method of converting the area occupied by a circuit implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to an equivalent as a measure of total gate count. This allows direct comparison between two FPGA implementations independent of the manufacturer or chip family. The second contribution improves the performance of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) on an 8-bit computing platform. This research develops an AES design that occupies less than three quarters of the area reported by the smallest design in current literature as well as significantly increases area efficiency. …

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Beyond Passswords: Usage And Policy Transformation, Alan S. Alsop Mar 2007

Beyond Passswords: Usage And Policy Transformation, Alan S. Alsop

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research is to determine whether the transition to a two-factor authentication system is more secure than a system that relied only on what users “know” for authentication. While we found that factors that made passwords inherently vulnerable did not transfer to the PIN portion of a two-factor authentication system, we did find significant problems relating to usability, worker productivity, and the loss and theft of smart cards. The new authentication method has disrupted our ability to stay connected to ongoing mission issues, forced some installations to cut off remote access for their users and in one …

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Using Concept Maps To More Efficiently Create Intelligence Information Models, Christopher E. Coryell Mar 2007

Using Concept Maps To More Efficiently Create Intelligence Information Models, Christopher E. Coryell

Theses and Dissertations

Information models are a critical tool that enables intelligence customers to quickly and accurately comprehend U.S. intelligence agency products. The Knowledge Pre-positioning System (KPS) is the standard repository for information models at the National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC). The current approach used by NASIC to build a KPS information model is laborious and costly. Intelligence analysts design an information model using a manual, butcher-paper-based process. The output of their work is then entered into KPS by either a single NASIC KPS "database modeler" or a contractor (at a cost of roughly $100K to the organization). This thesis proposes …

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Use Of Thrust Vectors In Support Of The Cybercraft Initiative, Michael Stevens Mar 2007

Use Of Thrust Vectors In Support Of The Cybercraft Initiative, Michael Stevens

Theses and Dissertations

The CyberCraft Initiative is designing a framework for command and control of future Air Force Cyber-weapon systems, that autonomously operate and defend the Air Force networks and information systems to provide Cyberspace Superiority in support of the defense of the United States. The fundamental research question of the CyberCraft Initiative is "What is required for a commander to trust a CyberCraft to autonomously defend military information systems?" The Trust Vector model is one method of integrating trust into the CyberCraft fleet. Trust Vectors define trust and distrust between agents based on three components; current and historical data, intrinsic knowledge of …

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Locating Encrypted Data Hidden Among Non-Encrypted Data Using Statistical Tools, Walter J. Hayden Mar 2007

Locating Encrypted Data Hidden Among Non-Encrypted Data Using Statistical Tools, Walter J. Hayden

Theses and Dissertations

This research tests the security of software protection techniques that use encryption to protect code segments containing critical algorithm implementation to prevent reverse engineering. Using the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Tests for Randomness encrypted regions hidden among non-encrypted bits of a binary executable file are located. The location of ciphertext from four encryption algorithms (AES, DES, RSA, and TEA) and three block sizes (10, 100, and 500 32-bit words) were tested during the development of the techniques described in this research. The test files were generated from the Win32 binary executable file of Adobe's Acrobat Reader version …

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Stylized Hatching For 3d Animation, Trent Fielding Crow Mar 2007

Stylized Hatching For 3d Animation, Trent Fielding Crow

Theses and Dissertations

Much research has been done in creating non-photorealistic renderings of objects that mimic the look of hand-made drawings by traditional artists. This thesis extends work in this area by presenting an NPR hatching method that can be applied to 3D animated films to help them feel more hand drawn. In contrast to most other NPR methods, this method preserves the 3D lighting and effects of the film that make it interesting to watch. This process includes a procedural algorithm to create a hatching pattern that can be easily integrated into any film's pipeline that uses Renderman. In addition, we create …

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Tracing Lineage Beyond Relational Operators, Mingwu Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Sunil Prabhakar Mar 2007

Tracing Lineage Beyond Relational Operators, Mingwu Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Sunil Prabhakar

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Multi-Dimensional Range Querying Using A Modification Of The Skip Graph, Gregory J. Brault Mar 2007

Multi-Dimensional Range Querying Using A Modification Of The Skip Graph, Gregory J. Brault

Theses and Dissertations

Skip graphs are an application layer-based distributed routing data structure that can be used in a sensor network to facilitate user queries of data collected by the sensor nodes. This research investigates the impact of a proposed modification to the skip graph proposed by Aspnes and Shah. Nodes contained in a standard skip graph are sorted by their key value into successively smaller groups based on random membership vectors computed locally at each node. The proposed modification inverts the node key and membership vector roles, where group membership is computed deterministically and node keys are computed randomly. Both skip graph …

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Heuristically Driven Search Methods For Topology Control In Directional Wireless Hybrid Network, Roger L. Garner Mar 2007

Heuristically Driven Search Methods For Topology Control In Directional Wireless Hybrid Network, Roger L. Garner

Theses and Dissertations

Information and Networked Communications play a vital role in the everyday operations of the United States Armed Forces. This research establishes a comparative analysis of the unique network characteristics and requirements introduced by the Topology Control Problem (also known as the Network Design Problem). Previous research has focused on the development of Mixed-Integer Linear Program (MILP) formulations, simple heuristics, and Genetic Algorithm (GA) strategies for solving this problem. Principal concerns with these techniques include runtime and solution quality. To reduce runtime, new strategies have been developed based on the concept of flow networks using the novel combination of three well-known …

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An Artificial Immune System-Inspired Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm With Application To The Detection Of Distributed Computer Network Intrusions, Charles R. Haag Mar 2007

An Artificial Immune System-Inspired Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm With Application To The Detection Of Distributed Computer Network Intrusions, Charles R. Haag

Theses and Dissertations

Today's predominantly-employed signature-based intrusion detection systems are reactive in nature and storage-limited. Their operation depends upon catching an instance of an intrusion or virus after a potentially successful attack, performing post-mortem analysis on that instance and encoding it into a signature that is stored in its anomaly database. The time required to perform these tasks provides a window of vulnerability to DoD computer systems. Further, because of the current maximum size of an Internet Protocol-based message, the database would have to be able to maintain 25665535 possible signature combinations. In order to tighten this response cycle within storage constraints, …

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Benchmarks For Traceability?, Alex Dekhtyar, Jane Huffman Hayes, Giuliano Antoniol Mar 2007

Benchmarks For Traceability?, Alex Dekhtyar, Jane Huffman Hayes, Giuliano Antoniol

Computer Science and Software Engineering

This position paper discusses the need for and the organization of a traceability benchmark. We establish the basic principles of organization of such a benchmark. We then observe the nature of traceability tasks in three areas of Software Engineering: independent verification and validation, software maintenance, and reverse engineering. Based on this, we derive the desiderata for a traceability benchmark addressing the needs of all three areas.

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Valuing Information Technology Infrastructures: A Growth Options Approach, Qizhi Dai, Robert J. Kauffman, Salvatore T. March Mar 2007

Valuing Information Technology Infrastructures: A Growth Options Approach, Qizhi Dai, Robert J. Kauffman, Salvatore T. March

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Decisions to invest in information technology (IT) infrastructure are often made based on an assessment of its immediate value to the organization. However, an important source of value comes from the fact that such technologies have the potential to be leveraged in the development of future applications. From a real options perspective, IT infrastructure investments create growth options that can be exercised if and when an organization decides to develop systems to provide new or enhanced IT capabilities. We present an analytical model based on real options that shows the process by which this potential is converted into business value, …

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Unified Behavior Framework For Reactive Robot Control In Real-Time Systems, Brian G. Woolley Mar 2007

Unified Behavior Framework For Reactive Robot Control In Real-Time Systems, Brian G. Woolley

Theses and Dissertations

Endeavors in mobile robotics focus on developing autonomous vehicles that operate in dynamic and uncertain environments. By reducing the need for human-in- the-loop control, unmanned vehicles are utilized to achieve tasks considered dull or dangerous by humans. Because unexpected latency can adversely affect the quality of an autonomous system's operations, which in turn can affect lives and property in the real-world, their ability to detect and handle external events is paramount to providing safe and dependable operation. Behavior-based systems form the basis of autonomous control for many robots. This thesis presents the unified behavior framework, a new and novel approach …

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On-Demand Key Distribution For Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Daniel F. Graham Mar 2007

On-Demand Key Distribution For Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Daniel F. Graham

Theses and Dissertations

Mobile ad-hoc networks offer dynamic portable communication with little or no infrastructure. While this has many benefits, there are additional shortcomings specific to wireless communication that must be addressed. This research proposes gossip-based on-demand key distribution as a means to provide data encryption for mobile ad-hoc networks. This technique uses message keys to avoid encrypting and decrypting a message at every node. Other optimizations used include secure channel caching and joint rekey messages. The use of gossip makes the scheme robust to node failure. Experimental results show only a 15% increase in end-to-end delay with a node failure rate of …

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Software Protection Against Reverse Engineering Tools, Joshua A. Benson Mar 2007

Software Protection Against Reverse Engineering Tools, Joshua A. Benson

Theses and Dissertations

Advances in technology have led to the use of simple to use automated debugging tools which can be extremely helpful in troubleshooting problems in code. However, a malicious attacker can use these same tools. Securely designing software and keeping it secure has become extremely difficult. These same easy to use debuggers can be used to bypass security built into software. While the detection of an altered executable file is possible, it is not as easy to prevent alteration in the first place. One way to prevent alteration is through code obfuscation or hiding the true function of software so as …

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Protein Design By Mining And Sampling An Undirected Graphical Model Of Evolutionary Constraints, John Thomas, Naren Ramakrishnan, Chris Bailey-Kellogg Mar 2007

Protein Design By Mining And Sampling An Undirected Graphical Model Of Evolutionary Constraints, John Thomas, Naren Ramakrishnan, Chris Bailey-Kellogg

Computer Science Technical Reports

Evolutionary pressures on proteins to maintain structure and function have constrained their sequences over time and across species. The sequence record thus contains valuable information regarding the acceptable variation and covariation of amino acids in members of a protein family. When designing new members of a protein family, with an eye toward modified or improved stability or functionality, it is incumbent upon a protein engineer to uncover such constraints and design conforming sequences. This paper develops such an approach for protein design: we first mine an undirected probabilistic graphical model of a given protein family, and then use the model …

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Complete Configuration Space Analysis For Structure Determination Of Symmetric Homo-Oligomers By Nmr, Shobha Potluri Mar 2007

Complete Configuration Space Analysis For Structure Determination Of Symmetric Homo-Oligomers By Nmr, Shobha Potluri

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Symmetric homo-oligomers (protein complexes with similar subunits arranged symmetrically) play pivotal roles in complex biological processes such as ion transport and cellular regulation. Structure determination of these complexes is necessary in order to gain valuable insights into their mechanisms. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an experimental technique used for structural studies of such complexes. The data available for structure determination of symmetric homo-oligomers by NMR is often sparse and ambiguous in nature, raising concerns about existing heuristic approaches for structure determination. We have developed an approach that is complete in that it identifies all consistent conformations, data-driven in that …

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Performance Evaluation Of Ad Hoc Routing In A Swarm Of Autonomous Aerial Vehicles, Matthew T. Hyland Mar 2007

Performance Evaluation Of Ad Hoc Routing In A Swarm Of Autonomous Aerial Vehicles, Matthew T. Hyland

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the performance of three mobile ad hoc routing protocols in the context of a swarm of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It is proposed that a wireless network of nodes having an average of 5.1774 log n neighbors, where n is the total number of nodes in the network, has a high probability of having no partitions. By decreasing transmission range while ensuring network connectivity, and implementing multi-hop routing between nodes, spatial multiplexing is exploited whereby multiple pairs of nodes simultaneously transmit on the same channel. The proposal is evaluated using the Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR), …

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Analysis Of Routing Worm Infection Rates On An Ipv4 Network, James Gorsuch Mar 2007

Analysis Of Routing Worm Infection Rates On An Ipv4 Network, James Gorsuch

Theses and Dissertations

Malicious logic, specifically worms, has caused monetary expenditure problems to network users in the past. Worms, like Slammer and Code Red, have infected thousands of systems and brought the Internet to a standstill. This research examines the ability of the original Slammer worm, the Slammer based routing worm proposed by Zou et al, and a new Single Slash Eight (SSE) routing worm proposed by this research to infect vulnerable systems within a given address space. This research investigates the Slammer worm's ability to generate a uniform random IP addresses in a given address space. Finally, a comparison of the speed …

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Rely-Guarantee Approach To Reasoning About Aspect-Oriented Programs, Raffi Khatchadourian, Neelam Soundarajan Mar 2007

Rely-Guarantee Approach To Reasoning About Aspect-Oriented Programs, Raffi Khatchadourian, Neelam Soundarajan

Publications and Research

Over the last few years, the question of reasoning about aspect-oriented programs has been addressed by a number of authors. In this paper, we present a rely-guarantee approach to such reasoning. The rely-guarantee approach has proven extremely successful in reasoning about concurrent and distributed programs. We show that some of the key problems encountered in reasoning about aspect-oriented programs are similar to those encountered in reasoning about concurrent programs; and that the rely-guarantee approach, appropriately modified, helps address these problems. We illustrate our approach with a simple example.

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