Computer Sciences Commons^™

Character Recognition Using String Matching, Xiaozhi Ye

Theses

To handle noisy and distorted pattern is the use of similarity or distance measures. A similarity or distance measure can be defined between a representation of an unknown pattern and a representation of a prototype pattern. Recognition of the unknown pattern can be carried out on the basis of the maximum-similarity or minimum distance criterion (Bunke 1990) This approach is proposed to recognize the noisy or distorted character image. In this work, a directly string representation of the pattern ( prototype as well as unknown input) using the histogram method, a decision procedure for classification is the well known Levenshtein …

Graphical Image Persistence And Code Generation For Object Oriented Databases, Subrata Chatterjee

Theses

Attached is the detailed description of the design and implementation of graphical image persistence and code generation for object oriented databases. Graphical image persistent is incorporated into a graphics editor called OODINI. OODINI creates and manipulates graphical schemas for object-oriented databases. This graphical image on secondary storage is then translated into an abstract, generic code for dual model databases. This abstract code, DAL can then be converted into different dual model database languages. We provide an example by generating code for the VODAK Data Modeling language. It is also possible to generate a different abstract language code, OODAL from a …

Transformations And Analysis Of Parallel Real Time Programs, Chandima J. Gunasekara

Theses

The problem of schedulability analysis of a set of real time programs form a NP complete problem. The exponential complexity of analysis is a direct result of the complexity in the real time programs, as a combinatorial explosion takes place when trying to determine access patterns of shared resources. Thus, to transform the original programs to a less complex form, while preserving its timing characteristics, is the only viable solution. By using such transformations to reduce the complexity of real time programs, it is possible to schedulability analyze programs at compile time efficiently, without adding an unnecessary overhead to the …

An Implementation And Evaluation Of Distributed Information System Based On The Osca Architecture Guidelines, Babita Masand

Theses

The concepts in this thesis discuss and evaluate the need for systems integration. As a conceptual architecture, the OSCA^TM architecture is investigated. A prototype of the CS Department distributed information system is built following the guidelines and standards of this conceptual architecture. This prototype is implemented in 'C'. RPC (remote procedure call) is used for the communication channel to implement the distributed environment. Conclusions and results that were achieved by implementing this prototype are presented. The main outcome of this thesis is the introduction of the infrastructure to the GenSIF framework.

Decomposition Of Geometric-Shaped Structuring Elements And Optimization On Euclidean Distance Transformation Using Morphology, Hong Wu

Theses

Mathematical morphology which is based on geometric shape, provides an approach to the processing and analysis of digital images. Several widely-used geometric-shaped structuring elements can be used to explore the shape characteristics of an object. In first chapter, we present a unified technique to simplify the decomposition of various types of big geometric-shaped structuring elements into dilations of smaller structuring components by the use of a mathematical transformation. Hence, the desired morphological erosion and dilation are equivalent to a simple inverse transformation over the result of operations on the transformed decomposable structuring elements. We also present a strategy to decompose …

Interpreting And Integrating Landsat Remote Sensing Image And Geographic Information System By Fuzzy Unsupervised Clustering Algorithm, Gwotsong Philip Chen

Theses

Due to the resolution of Landsat images and the multiplicity of the terrain, it is improper to assign each pixel in an image to one of a number of land cover types by using the conventional remote sensing classification method. This is also known as the hard partition method. The concept of the fuzzy set provides the means to resolve this problem. This paper presents a two-pass-mode fuzzy unsupervised clustering algorithm.

In the first passing, the cluster mean vectors which represent the geographic attributes or the land cover types are derived. In the second passing, the concept of fuzzy set …

New Algorithms For Mid-Crack Codes In Image Processing, Wai-Tak Wong

Theses

The chain code is a widely-used description for a contour image. Recently, a mid-crack code algorithm has been proposed as another more precise method for image representation. New algorithms using this new mid-crack code for image representation, restoration, and skeletonization are developed. The efficiency and accuracy can be increased obviously.

Firstly, the conversion of a binary image with multiple regions into the mid-crack codes is presented. A fast on-line implementation can be achieved using tables look-up. The input binary image may contain several object regions and their mid-crack codes can be extracted at the same time in a single-pass row-by-row …

Real-Tv : Rtp/L3'S Visual Monitor, Richard Czop

Theses

Today many real-world activities are being monitored and controlled by some type of micro-processor based system. Emphasis is placed on manufacturing and controlling through the use of computers. The inherent nature of these real-world applications makes them difficult to control and monitor. They must be built meeting strict timing constraints and must be predictable. We need to develop simplistic, reliable, and cost effective methods for building, evaluating, monitoring and controlling these complex systems. These tools should provide the user with system insight. At the New Jersey Institute of Technology Real-Time Computing Laboratory, we are building a system that will provide …

Binary Image Decomposition And Compression Using Mathematical Morphology For Object Recognition, Venu Gopal Gogusetti

Theses

Image segmentation has been studied for several years. There are several segmentation techniques which are fast and effective but all of them are lacking the property of invariency to shift, rotation and sizing. In this study a new process is introduced which overcomes the shift, size and rotation variance and the compressed data can be used for object recognition.

Euclidean distance measurement is used in the compression process which is rotation invarient but is expensive in terms of time. Eucledean distance transformation is calculated using optimal double two scan algorithm with gray scale morphology, a new method developed by Dr. …

Searching For Orthogonal States Of Neural Networks, Heng Wang

Theses

Two approaches to find orthogonal states of neural network are presented in the paper. The first approach is a recursive one, it builds N orthogonal vectors based on N /2 orthogonal vectors. The second approach is a formula approach, in which orthogonal vectors can be obtained using a formula. Using these approaches, orthogonal states of neural network are found. Some properties of the neural network built on these orthogonal vectors are presented in Appendix A and some examples are given in Appendix B.

A Machine Entity For A Coordinate Measurement Machine : The Generic Workcell Project, Richard C. Meyer

Theses

The Center for Manufacturing Systems (CMS) department at New Jersey Institute of Technology and Siemens Corporate Research located in Princeton have agreed to jointly implement a research project in generic workcell control architectures. This paper discusses the module, called a Machine Entity, developed by the author that interfaces the Brown & Sharpe Coordinate Measurement Machine located on the CMS factory floor with the cell control software. The module has been designed in such a manner to simplify the development of future Machine Entities, thereby reducing the time required to integrate the CMS factory floor.

A Heuristical Method Of Corner Points Detection On An Image Boundary, Qiulin Li

Theses

A heuristics-based method of corner points detection on an image boundary is proposed and implemented. The method uses the sampled boundary distances to find all of the candidate corner points along the image boundary. Then the curvature characteristical value is used to measure the severity of curvature change of the candidate points. Those candidates whose curvature characteristical value is under some threshold are eliminated. The paper also proposed some mechanism to reduce the effect of noises on the boundary. Experiments show that it is an efficient method and it gives satisfactory results on some image boundaries.

Dynamic Machine Scheduling, Expansion, And Control Of A Generic Workcell, Peter A. Murray

Theses

Factory automation has come a long way since the invention of the automatic flour mill. A workcell is a group of machines (robots) working together to produce a product. In the past workcells have been hard wired using methods such as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). To change a part of this system would require reprogramming the entire system.

The Generic Work Cell (GWC) is a dynamic architecture which allows a workcell to be modified on the fly. The architecture enables the generation of new cells with minimal effort, and the modification of the system without reprogramming the entire system. The …

Program Maintenance And Code Reuse: Object Oriented Versus Procedure Oriented Programming, Beiramali Moradi

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to address the problem of the increasing cost of program maintenance in the data processing world. On average, programmers today spend 60% of their time in program maintenance and that figure is increasing at an estimated rate of 1 % each year. The cost is staggering and almost every business would like to find ways of reducing maintenance costs. One way to help reduce maintenance and development costs is to improve code reusability. Both maintenance programming and code reusability are the focus of this thesis.

Today's most commonly used programming language style is procedure …

A Study In Systems Integration Architecture, Sashidhar M. Prasad

Theses

This Thesis studies the two architectures OSCA and ANSA which support the ODPSE principle in the first two parts. In the third part the framework for integrating these two architectures is described. The idea of integration architectures in relation to open architectures is studied using the enabling technologies.

Editing Digital Audio Using A Perceptual Model, J. Mark Goode

Theses

In this paper we describe an intelligent system used to aid an audio recording producer in the selection of edit points in a musical sequence. It is possible to make meaningful recommendations concerning auditory input data without the ability to fully classify that data or interpret all outside goals. Perceptual modeling of the auditory input can allow sufficient reasoning ability for an intelligent system to be of use editing digital audio. To create a perceptual model, the information which can be extracted by the ear is embodied in several expert sections which communicate with a rule based decision maker via …

Communications Network For Distributed Real-Time Systems, Charles Silva

Theses

No abstract provided.

Representation Of Graphical Deep Knowledge In An Object-Oriented Database System, Prasanna S. Venkatesh

Theses

Object-oriented approaches to the design of complex graphical interfaces have received an enormous impetus in the database and knowledge representation disciplines. As traditional CAD systems store information about all the objects for display purposes but do not store any knowledge for reasoning purposes, they are considered as "knowledge poor" and they cannot support efficient environments for design. In Artificial Intelligence the notion of "Graphical Deep Knowledge" has been proved successful to represent knowledge about objects for display purposes as well as reasoning purposes. To design "knowledge rich" systems which can support better graphical interfaces, the theory of "Graphical Deep Knowledge" …

A Synthesis Technique Of General Petri Nets For Flexible Manufacturing And Multi-Rate Digital Signal Processing, Murthy S. Valluri

Theses

General Petri nets are useful for modeling flexible manufacturing system with multiple robots and workstations [KOH 90] and for multi-rate digital signal processing systems [CHA 91].. A problem of using Petri nets for modeling various systems is the large number of states generated. Various synthesis approaches have been proposed. Most of them do not deal with general Petri nets. Koh et. al. [KOH 90] invented a synthesis technique for generalized Petri nets. The purpose of this thesis is to extend their work by modifying the knitting technique by adding the Arc-Ratio rule.

A Common Application Model For Interfacing With Advanced Program To Program Communication/Vm, Joseph Viviano Jr.

Theses

The Merrill Lynch data processing environment is composed of a conglomeration of applications which reside on various platforms. LAN and minicomputer based applications coexist with those making their home in the mainframe arena. Unfortunately, coexistence does not imply cooperation, data uniformity, data centralization or coordinated application development. Within the Merrill Lynch mainframe arena alone there are two operating systems which reside across several computing complexes, MVS (Multiple Virtual Storage) and VM (Virtual Machine). Critical business applications and data are unique to each of these environments. The problem lies in the need for cooperative processing and sharing of distributed data among …

An Experimental Sequence Examining The Effect Of Task Type, Memory Condition, And Display Presentation Type On Performance Time And Error Rate, Using Columnar Table Versus Vertical Bar Graph Versus Line Graph, Suparna Das

Theses

A total of 126 subjects at various levels of school and a health related manufacturing firm participated in three experiments that compared Tables, Line graphs and Bar graphs forms of data presentation. The experiments were performed each consisting of a training task followed by answering some questions based on the presented material. The experimental series were presented to six groups. Group 1, 3, 5 viewed Line graphs, Tables or Bar graphs respectively while answering the questions while the other three groups answered questions based on memory of either Line graphs, Table or Bar graph presentation.

The independent variables were:

1. Memory …

Cascading Space Efficient Variation Of The Lzw Algorithm And Arithmetic Coding, Shobha Raj

Theses

Two known compression algorithms appropriate for communication are LZW and the Arithmetic Coding method. Both are adaptive and require no extra communication from the encoder to the decoder. Here we have considered a space efficient variation of the LZW algorithm which achieves better compression.

We present a scheme to cascade the space efficient variation of the LZW algorithm with Arithmetic Coding into a space efficient data compression algorithm which achieves a higher compression ratio and is appropriate for communication.

Work-Preserving Real-Time Emulation Of Meshes On Butterfly Networks, Alf-Christian Achilles

Theses

The emulation of a guest network G on a host network H is work-preserving and real-time if the inefficiency, that is the ratio W_G/W_H of the amounts of work done in both networks, and the slowdown of the emulation are O(1).

In this thesis we show that an infinite number of meshes can be emulated on a butterfly in a work-preserving real-time manner, despite the fact that any emulation of an s x s-node mesh in a butterfly with load 1 has a dilation of Ω(logs).

The recursive embedding of a mesh in a butterfly presented by …

Graphical User Interface For Image Processing, Kumar Chebrolu

Theses

A user friendly, menu driven, highly interactive X Windows package for Image Processing Applications using Motif Widget Set under Motif Window Manager is developed. Modules related to Segementation, Enhancement, Representation, Transformations are developed. The above routines are useful for image manipulation. The current gray scale/binary image is displayed on the window. Online histogram is provided so that the user can change the threshold value interactively. The OSF/Motif toolkit is used efficiently and also Xlib calls to display the image by allocating colormap. An on-line image manipulation help menu facility is incorparated in the tool to make it more versatile.

Experiments With The Gap Variation Of Interpolation Search For Semi Uniform Distributed Alphabetic Files, Jatin M. Bhavsar

Theses

There are various techniques for searching a data from a data base. One of them is interpolation search. It works on uniformly distributed and sorted numerical tables and considered to be one of the fastest methods. On an average this method takes 'lg lg n'

Burton and Lewis [BL] shows the inefficiency of interpolation sarch for an alphabetic table whose distribution is not known or non-uniform. They introduce GAP variations of interpolation search to compare the inefficiency. However another approach to a non-uniform is to apply the cumulative distribution function F which transfer a non-uniform distribution to uniform one, for …

Rule-Based Module And Object-Oriented Design For Optical Character Recognition, Min Gao

Theses

In this thesis, I present a optical character recognition technique based on the rule-based module and object-oriented design. A document image is first scanned, and then segmented into isolated characters by the use of projection profiles. The recognition procedures include three steps: contour extraction, strokes detection and rule-based classification. The contour extraction is to extract the outbound boundary and to perform the boundary linking and noise removal. The stroke detection is to detect the features or strokes of the outbound boundary, such as horizontal/vertical lines, left/right slash lines and left-/right-opened curves. The rule-based classification consists of two rules: character definition …

The Performance Of Training Pattern Sets In A New Art-Based Neural Architecture For Image Enhancement, Fu-Chun Chang

Theses

Neural network can be applied on the image enhancement after adding another two layers into the Adaptive Resonance Theory architectures (ART 1). The analysis for selecting a nice training pattern set associate the appropriate vigilance values is the main concerns in this thesis. For a single training pattern ,the network can act as a mathematical morphology operators such as erosion , dilation, opening and closing. With more than one training patterns in the network, 16 experiments are tested and are compared to each other in order to find the best selection for doing the image enhancement work. With both the …

Multiple Expert System, Umesh Kumar Mittal

Theses

In many domains, for example medical diagnosis, there are several sources of knowledge, e.g., several domain experts. These domain experts may have disagreements over some issues in the domain. Research in the area of human decision making suggests that a human decision is not always made based on the advice of a single expert. Many current expert systems, however, expect consistency in their knowledge bases. An expert system does not deliberate by reasoning that "on one hand..." but "on the other hand..." The knowledge engineer, who is not necessarily an expert in the same domain, ensures consistency by eliminating all …

Implementation Of Object Oriented University Database Using Vodak/Vml-0 Prototype, Abhay V. Bhave

Theses

In recent years object - oriented programming has gained a tremendous popularity in the design and implementation of emerging data - intensive application systems. Object oriented knowledge based approaches have proved to be very powerful vehicle when developing, integrating complex systems.

Using a University database demonstrated here is an object oriented model. This model uses VODAK/VML-0 prototype which was developed by GMD - IPSI, Darmstadt FRG. The Conceptual Schema of this database was done using The Dual Model, but as the current VODAK/VML version does not support dual model, the schema was modified before use. There are 167 classes defined …

Cascading Of Ever Adaptive Variation Of Lzw Algorithm With Arithmetic Coding Method, Ramesh Vishwanatham, Ketan Tejani

Theses

Two known compression algorithms appropriate for communication are LZW and the Arithmetic Coding method. Both algorithms are adaptive and require no extra communication from the encoder to the decoder. We have considered a variation of LZW algorithm known as Online version which result in better compression. Here we present a scheme to cascade Online LZW with Arithmetic algorithms into an Ever Adaptive data compression algorithm which achieves higher compression ratio and is appropriate for communication.