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Articles 391 - 420 of 666

Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences

Improving Gesture Recognition Performance Using The Dynamic Space-Time Warp Algorithm, Danny Allen Hanson Jan 2013

Improving Gesture Recognition Performance Using The Dynamic Space-Time Warp Algorithm, Danny Allen Hanson

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

The DSTW algorithm was originally used as the fundamental algorithm for a gesture recognition software. When the need arose for implementing gesture recognition on-board a robotic vehicle, the original recognition software needed to undergo several changes in order to meet the requirements of the target platform. The original software was written in Matlab and had to be ported into a native language in order to operate on the new platform. To support experiments needed to select a distance and t function, the new code needed to be designed to support dynamic binding of distance and transition (t) functions. The software …

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Learning Equivalent Input Channel Mappings And Generalized Features For Pattern Transfer, Houtan Rahmanian Jan 2013

Learning Equivalent Input Channel Mappings And Generalized Features For Pattern Transfer, Houtan Rahmanian

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

In many real-world modeling applications, it is needed to detect the origin of the patterns of the input data in addition to find the patterns themselves. Having the input data generated by a systematically organized set of input channels is very common in these applications. These input channels might also be of the same type. Therefore, the same pattern might be observed on different sets of input channels of the data, while it is caused by the one source in different localities. Sparse coding is a very powerful method for learning high-level patterns (i.e. high-level features) from raw data input. …

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Adaptive Dialogue Systems For Assistive Living Environments, Alexandros Papangelis Jan 2013

Adaptive Dialogue Systems For Assistive Living Environments, Alexandros Papangelis

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Adaptive Dialogue Systems (ADS) are intelligent systems, able to interact with users via multiple modalities, such as speech, gestures, facial expressions and others. Such systems are able to make conversation with their users, usually on a specific, narrow topic. Assistive Living Environments are environments where the users are by definition not competent with technology, due to various factors, such as mental or physical disabilities, age and others. While technology that helps improve these people's quality of life exists, many times they cannot access it due to inflexible interfaces. ADS, therefore, have the potential to bridge users and technology by acting …

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Viewpoint Invariant Gesture Recognition And 3d Hand Pose Estimation Using Rgb-D, Paul Doliotis Jan 2013

Viewpoint Invariant Gesture Recognition And 3d Hand Pose Estimation Using Rgb-D, Paul Doliotis

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The broad application domain of the work presented in this thesis is pattern classifi-cation with a focus on gesture recognition and 3D hand pose estimation. One of the main contributions of the proposed thesis is a novel method for 3D hand pose estimation using RGB-D. Hand pose estimation is formulated as a database retrieval problem. The proposed method investigates and introduces new similarity measures for similarity search in a database of RGB-D hand images. At the same time, towards making 3D hand pose estimation methods more automatic, a novel hand segmentation method is introduced which also relies on depth data. …

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Detection Of Fingers With A Depth Based Hand-Detector In Static Frames, Sanjay Vasudeva Iyer Jan 2013

Detection Of Fingers With A Depth Based Hand-Detector In Static Frames, Sanjay Vasudeva Iyer

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

This thesis presents a method for a finger detection system. It is assumed that the user taps their fingers on a table, and that the camera is placed on the same table in front of their fingers. This setup is motivated by the application of analyzing the movement of fingers in patients engaging in physical therapy. Fingers are detected in static images, which is a more challenging task than detecting and tracking fingers in videos which are based on motion.The Microsoft Kinect sensor has been used as a source for data, and it provides color and depth images at each …

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Hardware And Software Systems For Control Of Assistive Robotic Devices Using Point-Of-Gaze Estimation, Christopher Dale Mcmurrough Jan 2013

Hardware And Software Systems For Control Of Assistive Robotic Devices Using Point-Of-Gaze Estimation, Christopher Dale Mcmurrough

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Eye gaze based interaction has many useful applications in human-machine interfaces, assistive technologies, and multimodal systems. Traditional input methods, such as the keyboard and mouse, are not practical in many situations and can be ineffective for some users with physical impairments. Knowledge of the user point of gaze (PoG) can be a powerful data modality in intelligent systems by facilitating intuitive control, perception of user intent, and enhanced interactive experiences.This research aims to advance the use of non-traditional, multimodal interfaces in assistive robotic devices for the benefit of users with severe physical disabilities. The data modalities which are of particular …

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Design And Analysis Of Location Centered Large-Scale Opportunistic Networks, Shanshan Lu Jan 2013

Design And Analysis Of Location Centered Large-Scale Opportunistic Networks, Shanshan Lu

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

With the high penetration of mobile devices and their equipments of wireless interfaces in people's lives, the development of the scenario of Opportunistic Networks(OppNets) has become available. OppNets enable transmissions by exploiting temporary wireless links and connections opportunistically arising from mobility nature of nodes. The applications of OppNets have emerged in a wide range of areas.OppNets have attracted a lot of attention from the wireless and mobile network research community, while little has been paid to the OppNets in large-scale scenario. The existing OppNets are not scaled well to large-scale area due to the high uncertainty embedded in transient contacts …

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Dovetail: Stronger Anonymity In Next-Generation Internet Routing, Jody Mark Sankey Jan 2013

Dovetail: Stronger Anonymity In Next-Generation Internet Routing, Jody Mark Sankey

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Current low-latency anonymity systems use complex overlay networks to conceal a user's IP address, introducing significant latency and network efficiency penalties compared to normal Internet usage. Rather than this obfuscation of network identity through higher level protocols, we recommend a more direct solution: a routing protocol that allows communication without exposing network identity, providing a strong foundation for Internet privacy, while allowing identity to be defined in those higher level protocols where it adds value. We propose Dovetail, a next-generation Internet routing protocol that provides anonymity against an active attacker located at any single point within the network. Key design …

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Lilac: Architecture For Anonymous Light Weight Communication, Ankit Upadhyaya Jan 2013

Lilac: Architecture For Anonymous Light Weight Communication, Ankit Upadhyaya

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

We present lilac; a circuit based low latency anonymous light weight instant messaging communication system. This browser based chat platform provides anonymity in context with unlinkability and unobservability for the secured real-time communication. The system uses a relay based anonymization mechanism where circuits are built and routed over a set of trusted nodes in the network. Unlike other typical instant messaging systems, Lilac uses user pseudonymity and ephemeral message exchange, which eliminates conventional user registration and storing the messages for the future retrieval; this leaves no footprints behind in the system in terms of user information, who talks to whom …

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Modeling An Intelligent Intruder In A Region Monitored By A Wireless Sensor Network, Sriram Srinivasan Jan 2013

Modeling An Intelligent Intruder In A Region Monitored By A Wireless Sensor Network, Sriram Srinivasan

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Monitoring to detect unauthorized border crossing is very important for protecting national security. To accomplish this by continuous physical monitoring by border patrol agents is impractical. Networks of low-cost wireless sensors have been identified as a useful tool in monitoring with minimal human intervention. However, ensuring the effectiveness of unattended monitoring against an intelligent intruder is difficult, since the intruder can probe the system for weaknesses. To better understand the capabilities of such an intruder, we propose a model for an intelligent intruder whose purpose is to find a detection-free path across the border by which he could cross back …

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Effective Collaboration In Opportunitic Networks, Umair Sadiq Jan 2013

Effective Collaboration In Opportunitic Networks, Umair Sadiq

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Opportunistic networks formed by users' mobile devices have the potential to exploit a rich set of distributed service components that can be composed to provide each user with a multitude of application level services. In opportunistic networks, tasks such as content sharing and service execution among remote devices are facilitated by intermediate devices capable of short–range wireless connectivity, also called relays that receive, move around, and forward the data.To enable effective collaboration in such an environment, we make three novel contributions: (i) an adaptive forwarding scheme, ProxiMol, to select suitable relays for data transfer; (ii) a distributed mechanism to select …

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Sign Gesture Spotting In American Sign Language Using Dynamic Space Time Warping, Srujana Gattupalli Jan 2013

Sign Gesture Spotting In American Sign Language Using Dynamic Space Time Warping, Srujana Gattupalli

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

American Sign Language (ASL) is the primary sign language used by approximately 500,000 deaf and hearing-impaired people in the United States and Canada. ASL is a visually perceived, gesture-based language that employs signs made by moving the hands combined with facial expressions and postures of the body. There are several software tools available online to learn signs for a given word but there is no software that gives the meaning of any sign video. If we need to search or look up documents containing any word we can just type it in search engines like Google, Bing etc. but if …

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Development And Simulation Of Focus Of Attention Using Reinforcement Learning And Function Approximation, Stephen Ratz Jan 2013

Development And Simulation Of Focus Of Attention Using Reinforcement Learning And Function Approximation, Stephen Ratz

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Without short-term memory, people would have little hope to learn and accomplish tasks. The same can be said for artificially intelligent agents. Often referred as Miller's Law, the number of working objects that a human can hold in working memory is around seven. For an AI agent, the cost of keeping additional memory blocks is exponential. Other issues to consider are what to keep in memory and for how long. Only a few of many of an agent's previous steps may be important to hold on to. This thesis project attempts to train an intelligent agent to learn what to …

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Novel Methods For Entity-Centric Information Exploration, Ning Yan Jan 2013

Novel Methods For Entity-Centric Information Exploration, Ning Yan

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

We witness an unprecedented proliferation of entity graphs that capture entities (e.g., persons, products, organizations) and their relationships. Such entity data gradually evolves into the most comprehensive knowledge graph ever built by human beings. The flourish of entity data also boosts a growing demand for entity-centric information exploration tasks. Different from traditional information retrieval tasks that are based on statistics of text terms, entity-centric information exploration tasks are usually based on metrics over entities, their relationships, or graph structures. In this work, we identified two essential tasks in entity-centric information exploration: 1) how to do faceted navigation over a set …

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Advanced Combinatorial Testing Algorithms And Applications, Linbin Yu Jan 2013

Advanced Combinatorial Testing Algorithms And Applications, Linbin Yu

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Combinatorial testing (CT) has been shown to be a very effective testing strategy. Given a system with n parameters, t-way combinatorial testing, where t is typically much smaller than n, requires that all t-way combinations, i.e., all combinations involving any t parameter values, be covered by at least one test. This dissertation focuses on two important problems in combinatorial testing, including constrained test generation and combinatorial sequence testing.For the first problem, we focus on constraint handling during combinatorial test generation. Constraints over input parameters are restrictions that must be satisfied in order for a test to be valid. Constraints can …

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Applying Combinatorial Testing To Systems With A Complex Input Space, Mehra Nouroz Borazjany Jan 2013

Applying Combinatorial Testing To Systems With A Complex Input Space, Mehra Nouroz Borazjany

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Combinatorial testing, which has been shown very effective in fault detection, is a testing strategy that applies the theory of combinatorial design to test software programs. Given a program under test with k parameters, t-way combinatorial testing requires all combinations of values of t (out of k) parameters be covered at least once, where t is usually a small integer. Combinatorial testing can significantly reduce the cost of testing while increasing its effectiveness.Input space modeling is an important step in combinatorial testing. The input space of a subject program must be modeled before combinatorial testing can be applied to it. …

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Multimodal Interaction In Ambient Intelligence Environments Using Speech, Localization And Robotics, Georgios Galatas Jan 2013

Multimodal Interaction In Ambient Intelligence Environments Using Speech, Localization And Robotics, Georgios Galatas

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

An Ambient Intelligence Environment is meant to sense and respond to the presence of people, using its embedded technology. In order to effectively sense the activities and intentions of its inhabitants, such an environment needs to utilize information captured from multiple sensors and modalities. By doing so, the interaction becomes more natural as well as accurate and robust. We have focused on 3 aspects of such an environment, using speech, localization and robotics. Speech is one of the most natural forms of communication for humans. Therefore, it can be used as one of the main information sources for deriving the …

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Exploratory Mining Of Collaborative Social Content, Mahashweta Das Jan 2013

Exploratory Mining Of Collaborative Social Content, Mahashweta Das

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The widespread use and growing popularity of online collaborative content sites (e.g., Yelp, Amazon, IMDB) has created rich resources for consumers to consult in order to make purchasing decisions on various items such as restaurants, e-commerce products, movies, etc. It has also created new opportunities for producers of such items to improve business by designing better products, composing succinct advertisement snippets, building more effective personalized recommendation systems, etc. This motivates us to develop a framework for exploratory mining of user feedback on items in collaborative social content sites. Typically, the amount of user feedback (e.g., ratings, reviews) associated with an …

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Hydrological Visualization And Analysis System And Drought Related Feature Selection Based On Sectional Correlation Measurement, Piraporn Jangyodsuk Jan 2012

Hydrological Visualization And Analysis System And Drought Related Feature Selection Based On Sectional Correlation Measurement, Piraporn Jangyodsuk

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Because of the larger data storage and the faster computational power, computer can process and store much finer resolution data. Aside from data analysis, data visualization is also an important task to understand the data. In this work, the Hydrological Visualization and Analysis System is developed to help both hydrologists and local people view and examine the high resolution hydrological data. Then, this data is analyzed to determine which variables are related to the change of drought condition in Arlington, Texas. A new correlation measurement method called sectional correlation is proposed and used as an objective function of the drought …

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Dynamic Cache Reconfiguration For Energy Optimization In Chip Multiprocessors, Gaurav Puri Jan 2012

Dynamic Cache Reconfiguration For Energy Optimization In Chip Multiprocessors, Gaurav Puri

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Cache reconfiguration for chip multiprocessors (CMP) in order to reduce energy consumption is a challenging research problem. This thesis presents a dynamic scheme for level one cache design where the processing core can dynamically switch to a lower energy configuration. The proposed scheme is based on a heuristic that can either be executed as part of the firmware or implemented in hardware with very low additional overhead. The heuristic functions periodically after a pre-defined fixed interval for each processing core. The heuristic first examines the statistics calculated over the previous intervals and then switches the cache to an improved configuration …

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Automatic Scheduler: A New Approach For Scheduling Rides, Amey Sudhir Bhalerao Jan 2012

Automatic Scheduler: A New Approach For Scheduling Rides, Amey Sudhir Bhalerao

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Scheduling plays an important role in a person's life. Even computers use the concept of scheduling when it comes to processing jobs. Scheduling is important in cases normally when there is large data to process and manual scheduling is not an easy option to go for. A new concept of developing a scheduler has been discussed in this thesis. The algorithm was designed keeping in mind the Para Transit agencies that operate on federal funds to provide cheap transport service to the clients. The algorithm presented here is developed with the intention to reduce the delay faced by the client …

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Querying Entity-Relationship Graphs By Example Tuples: Experimental Evaluation And User Study, Mahesh Gupta Jan 2012

Querying Entity-Relationship Graphs By Example Tuples: Experimental Evaluation And User Study, Mahesh Gupta

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

The World Wide Web today has evolved into a rich repository of entities where many knowledge bases containing entity-related information are directly available. Such knowledge bases are often in the form of entity-relationship graphs. To query entity-relationship graphs, users need to provide input entities, attributes and relationships by complex query graphs. To improve the usability of graph database systems, we study a novel mechanism that queriesentity-relationship graphs by example tuples. It allows users to express a query in the form of one or more tuples consisting of entities. The underlying query system automatically builds aquery graph based on the example …

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Effective And Secure Use Of Human Relation Networks, Na Li Jan 2012

Effective And Secure Use Of Human Relation Networks, Na Li

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

With the advent of Web 2.0 and advanced techniques of wireless devices (e.g., smart phones or iPhones), Online Social Networks (OSNs) and Mobile Social Networks (MSNs) are becoming integral part of our lives as two main digital social communities. Data collected from people's communication on OSNs and MSNs contains valuable information which makes human relationships more visible as compared to their existence in our physical world. For instance, the friend list on a user's profile page on Facebook clearly tells us the user's friendships with other users. Moreover, the short-range wireless communication techniques (e.g., Bluetooth) also enable us to “sense” …

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A Game Theoretic Framework For Communication Decisions In Multi Agent Systems, Tummalapalli Sudhamsh Reddy Jan 2012

A Game Theoretic Framework For Communication Decisions In Multi Agent Systems, Tummalapalli Sudhamsh Reddy

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Communication is the process of transferring information between multiple entities. We study the communication process between different entities that are modeled as multiple agents. To study the interactions between these entities we use Game theory, which is a mathematical tool that is used to model the interactions and decision process of these multiple players/agents. In the presence of multiple players their interactions are generally modelled as a stochastic game.Here we assume that the communication medium, protocols and language are already present in this multiagent system. We address the question of information selection in the communication process.In this thesis, we develop …

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Implementation Of A Middleware Architecture For Collaboration Among Mobile Devices In Opportunistic Networks., Samaya Madhavan Jan 2012

Implementation Of A Middleware Architecture For Collaboration Among Mobile Devices In Opportunistic Networks., Samaya Madhavan

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Opportunistic networks provide a viable platform for mobile communications due to the ubiquity of smart phones. These networks are characterized by lack of end to-end reliable connections. In such networks, establishing collaboration among nodes is a challenge. In this thesis, a middleware architecture for opportunistic communication and collaboration has been designed, developed, and implemented. The middleware architecture supports a protocol for efficiently exchanging information between mobile nodes during an opportunistic contact. Message formats for differentiating the various kinds of messages that will be transferred across the network are defined to maintain consistency and reduce redundancy. The architecture consists of several …

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Subrosa 2 : An Experimental Evaluation Of Timing Analysis Attacks And Defenses In Anonymity Systems, Payap Sirinam Jan 2012

Subrosa 2 : An Experimental Evaluation Of Timing Analysis Attacks And Defenses In Anonymity Systems, Payap Sirinam

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

A circuit-based low-latency anonymous communication service such as Tor helps Internet users hide their IP addresses and thereby conceal their identities when communicating online. However, this kind of service is vulnerable to timing analysis attacks that can discern the relationship between incoming and outgoing messsages in order to find correlations between them. The attacker can use this information to reveal the idenity of the internet users without knowing the IP addresses concealed in the anonymous communication services.Dependent link padding (DLP) is a scheme propsed to enable anonymity systems to resist these attacks. However, DLP adds high overhead from dummy packets …

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An Extensible Self-Adapting Dissemination Framework For High-Speed Continuous Xml Streaming Data, Anthony E. Okorodudu Jan 2012

An Extensible Self-Adapting Dissemination Framework For High-Speed Continuous Xml Streaming Data, Anthony E. Okorodudu

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The efficient dissemination of data has become increasingly important with recent advances in technology that provide us immediate access to information at our fingertips. The insatiable demand for data has increased significantly with the popularity and widespread use of smart phones and tablets throughout the world. This thesis is focused on efficient push-based means of disseminating data to a large number of interested clients using a network of co-operating machines, called brokers.There have been extensive studies in optimizing both XML filtering and XPath-based subscription management in publish/subscribe systems with the aim of disseminating data in a timely fashion. Much less …

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Energy-Efficient Protocols And Systems For Wireless Sensor Networks And Smart Environments, Giacomo Ghidini Jan 2012

Energy-Efficient Protocols And Systems For Wireless Sensor Networks And Smart Environments, Giacomo Ghidini

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

In a wireless sensor network, small computing devices, called sensors, sense the surrounding environment and relay the sensed data to a base station over a multi-hop wireless network, eventually processing them en-route. Wireless sensor networks and other devices, such as smartphones, smart meters, and smart appliances, cooperate in smart environments to obtain information about the environment, and then use this information to improve the experience of the users. Since most of these systems rely on battery power, there is a need for energy-efficient solutions for their operation. The objective of this dissertation is to design algorithms and protocols to improve …

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System For Interpretation Of Reviewer Feedback On Social Web, Shrikant Desai Jan 2012

System For Interpretation Of Reviewer Feedback On Social Web, Shrikant Desai

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

The increasing popularity of social media web sites such as Amazon, Yelp and others has influenced our online decision making. Before making selection decisions on movies and restaurants, we investigate its reviewer feedback. Social media web sites provide reviewer feedback in the form of ratings, tags, and user reviews. However, overwhelming feedback details will leave the user in a quandary as to decide whether the item is desirable or not. Potential buyers either make a snap judgment based on the aggregate ratings/tags or spend a lot of time in reading reviews.In this thesis, we build a system that can analyse …

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Learning Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes Using Abstract Actions, Hamed Janzadeh Jan 2012

Learning Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes Using Abstract Actions, Hamed Janzadeh

Computer Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Transfer learning and Abstraction are among the new and most interesting research topics in AI and address the use of learned knowledge to improve learning performance in subsequent tasks. While there has been significant recent work on this topic in fully observable domain, it has been less studied for Partially Observable MDPs. This thesis addresses the problem of transferring skills from the previous experiences in POMDP models using high-level actions (Options) in two different kind of algorithms: value iteration and expectation maximization. To do this, this thesis first proves that the optimal value function remains piecewise-linear and convex when policies …

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