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Articles 391 - 420 of 823
Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences
Guided Testing For Automatic Error Discovery In Concurrent Software, Neha Shyam Rungta
Guided Testing For Automatic Error Discovery In Concurrent Software, Neha Shyam Rungta
Theses and Dissertations
The quality and reliability of software systems, in terms of their functional correctness, critically relies on the effectiveness of the testing tools and techniques to detect errors in the system before deployment. A lack of testing tools for concurrent programs that systematically control thread scheduling choices has not allowed concurrent software development to keep abreast with hardware trends of multi-core and multi-processor technologies. This motivates a need for the development of systematic testing techniques that detect errors in concurrent programs. The work in this dissertation presents a potentially scalable technique that can be used to detect concurrency errors in production …
Kiwivault: Encryption Software For Portable Storage Devices, Trevor Bradshaw Florence
Kiwivault: Encryption Software For Portable Storage Devices, Trevor Bradshaw Florence
Theses and Dissertations
While many people use USB flash drives, most do not protect their stored documents. Solutions for protecting flash drives exist but inherently limit functionality found in unprotected drives such as portability, usability, and the ability to share documents between multiple people. In addition, other drawbacks are introduced such as the possibility of losing access to protected documents if a password is lost. Assuming protecting portable documents is important, in order for people to be willing to protect their documents they should be required to make as few sacrifices in functionality as possible. We introduce KiwiVault, a USB flash drive encryption …
Supporting Remote Manipulation: An Ecological Approach, John A. Atherton
Supporting Remote Manipulation: An Ecological Approach, John A. Atherton
Theses and Dissertations
User interfaces for remote robotic manipulation widely lack sufficient support for situation awareness and, consequently, can induce high mental workload. With poor situation awareness, operators may fail to notice task-relevant features in the environment often leading the robot to collide with the environment. With high workload, operators may not perform well over long periods of time and may feel stressed. We present an ecological visualization that improves operator situation awareness. Our user study shows that operators using the ecological interface collided with the environment on average half as many times compared with a typical interface, even with a poorly calibrated …
Reducing Source Load In Bittorrent, Brian Sanderson, Daniel Zappala
Reducing Source Load In Bittorrent, Brian Sanderson, Daniel Zappala
Faculty Publications
One of the main goals of BitTorrent is to reduce load on web servers by encouraging clients to share content between themselves. However, BitTorrent’s current design relies heavily on the original source to serve a disproportionate amount of the file. We modify standard BitTorrent software so that a source determines the current popularity of each of the blocks of a file and tries to serve only those blocks that are rare. Using extensive PlanetLab experiments, we show that this modification can save a significant amount of the source’s upload bandwidth, with the tradeoff of some increased peer download time. In …
A Hop-By-Hop Architecture For Multicast Transport In Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Manoj Kumar Pandey
A Hop-By-Hop Architecture For Multicast Transport In Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Manoj Kumar Pandey
Theses and Dissertations
Ad hoc wireless networks are increasingly being used to provide connectivity where a wired networking infrastructure is either unavailable or inaccessible. Many deployments utilize group communication, where several senders communicate with several receivers; multicasting has long been seen as an efficient way to provide this service. While there has been a great deal of research on multicast routing in ad hoc networks, relatively little attention has been paid to the design of multicast transport protocols, which provide reliability and congestion control. In this dissertation we design and implement a complete multicast transport architecture that includes both routing and transport protocols. …
Musical Query-By-Content Using Self-Organizing Maps, Kyle B. Dickerson
Musical Query-By-Content Using Self-Organizing Maps, Kyle B. Dickerson
Theses and Dissertations
The ever-increasing density of computer storage devices has allowed the average user to store enormous quantities of multimedia content, and a large amount of this content is usually music. Current search techniques for musical content rely on meta-data tags which describe artist, album, year, genre, etc. Query-by-content systems, however, allow users to search based upon the actual acoustical content of the songs. Recent systems have mainly depended upon textual representations of the queries and targets in order to apply common string-matching algorithms and are often confined to a single query style (e.g., humming). These methods also lose much of the …
Finding Alternatives To The Hard Disk Drive For Virtual Memory, Bruce Albert Embry
Finding Alternatives To The Hard Disk Drive For Virtual Memory, Bruce Albert Embry
Theses and Dissertations
Current computer systems fill the demand of operating systems and applications for ever greater amounts of random access memory by paging the least recently used data to the hard disk drive. This paging process is called "virtual memory," to indicate that the hard disk drive is used to create the illusion that the computer has more random access memory than it actually has. Unfortunately, the fastest hard disk drives are over five orders of magnitude slower than the DRAM they are emulating. When the demand for memory increases to the point that processes are being continually saved to disk and …
A Sophisticated Library Search Strategy Using Folksonomies And Similarity Matching, William Lund, Yiu-Kai D. Ng, Maria Soledad Pera
A Sophisticated Library Search Strategy Using Folksonomies And Similarity Matching, William Lund, Yiu-Kai D. Ng, Maria Soledad Pera
Faculty Publications
Libraries, private and public, offer valuable resources to library patrons. As of today the only way to locate information archived exclusively in libraries is through their catalogs. Library patrons, however, often find it difficult to formulate a proper query, which requires using specific keywords assigned to different fields of desired library catalog records, to obtain relevant results. These improperly formulated queries often yield irrelevant results or no results at all. This negative experience in dealing with existing library systems turn library patrons away from library catalogs; instead, they rely on Web search engines to perform their searches first and upon …
Radio Determination On Mini-Uav Platforms: Tracking And Locating Radio Transmitters, Braden Russell Huber
Radio Determination On Mini-Uav Platforms: Tracking And Locating Radio Transmitters, Braden Russell Huber
Theses and Dissertations
Aircraft in the US are equipped with Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs). In emergency situations these beacons are activated, providing a radio signal that can be used to locate the aircraft. Recent developments in UAV technologies have enabled mini-UAVs (5-foot wingspan) to possess a high level of autonomy. Due to the small size of these aircraft they are human-packable and can be easily transported and deployed in the field. Using a custom-built Radio Direction Finder, we gathered readings from a known transmitter and used them to compare various Bayesian reasoning-based filtering algorithms. Using a custom-developed simulator, we were able to test …
Improving The Separability Of A Reservoir Facilitates Learning Transfer, David Norton, Dan A. Ventura
Improving The Separability Of A Reservoir Facilitates Learning Transfer, David Norton, Dan A. Ventura
Faculty Publications
We use a type of reservoir computing called the liquid state machine (LSM) to explore learning transfer. The Liquid State Machine (LSM) is a neural network model that uses a reservoir of recurrent spiking neurons as a filter for a readout function. We develop a method of training the reservoir, or liquid, that is not driven by residual error. Instead, the liquid is evaluated based on its ability to separate different classes of input into different spatial patterns of neural activity. Using this method, we train liquids on two qualitatively different types of artificial problems. Resulting liquids are shown to …
Music Recommendation And Query-By-Content Using Self-Organizing Maps, Kyle B. Dickerson, Dan A. Ventura
Music Recommendation And Query-By-Content Using Self-Organizing Maps, Kyle B. Dickerson, Dan A. Ventura
Faculty Publications
The ever-increasing density of computer storage devices has allowed the average user to store enormous quantities of multimedia content, and a large amount of this content is usually music. Current search techniques for musical content rely on meta-data tags which describe artist, album, year, genre, etc. Query-by-content systems allow users to search based upon the acoustical content of the songs. Recent systems have mainly depended upon textual representations of the queries and targets in order to apply common string-matching algorithms. However, these methods lose much of the information content of the song and limit the ways in which a user …
A Functional Framework For Content Management, Robert Emer Broadbent
A Functional Framework For Content Management, Robert Emer Broadbent
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis proposes a functional framework for content management. This framework provides concepts and vocabulary for analysis and description of content management systems. The framework is derived from an analysis of eight content management systems. It describes forty-five conceptual functions organized into five functional groups. The functionality derived from the analysis of the content management systems is described using the vocabulary provided by the functional framework. Coverage of the concepts in the existing systems is verified. The utility of the framework is validated through the creation of a prototype that implements sufficient functionality to support a set of specific use …
Super-Resolution Via Recapture And Bayesian Effect Modeling, Bryan S. Morse, Kevin Seppi, Neil Toronto, Dan A. Ventura
Super-Resolution Via Recapture And Bayesian Effect Modeling, Bryan S. Morse, Kevin Seppi, Neil Toronto, Dan A. Ventura
Faculty Publications
This paper presents Bayesian edge inference (BEI), a single-frame super-resolution method explicitly grounded in Bayesian inference that addresses issues common to existing methods. Though the best give excellent results at modest magnification factors, they suffer from gradient stepping and boundary coherence problems by factors of 4x. Central to BEI is a causal framework that allows image capture and recapture to be modeled differently, a principled way of undoing downsampling blur, and a technique for incorporating Markov random field potentials arbitrarily into Bayesian networks. Besides addressing gradient and boundary issues, BEI is shown to be competitive with existing methods on published …
Coalition Robustness Of Multiagent Systems, Nghia Cong Tran
Coalition Robustness Of Multiagent Systems, Nghia Cong Tran
Theses and Dissertations
Many multiagent systems are environments where distinct decision-makers compete, explicitly or implicitly, for scarce resources. In these competitive environments, itcan be advantageous for agents to cooperate and form teams, or coalitions; this cooperation gives agents strategic advantage to compete for scarce resources. Multiagent systems thus can be characterized in terms of competition and cooperation. To evaluate the effectiveness of cooperation for particular coalitions, we derive measures based on comparing these different coalitions at their respective equilibria. However, relying on equilibrium results leads to the interesting question of stability. Control theory and cooperative game theory have limitations that make it hard …
An Exploration Of Topologies And Communication In Large Particle Swarms, Matthew Gardner, Andrew Mcnabb, Kevin Seppi
An Exploration Of Topologies And Communication In Large Particle Swarms, Matthew Gardner, Andrew Mcnabb, Kevin Seppi
Faculty Publications
Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has typically been used with small swarms of about 50 particles. However, PSO is more efficiently parallelized with large swarms. We formally describe existing topologies and identify variations which are better suited to large swarms in both sequential and parallel computing environments. We examine the performance of PSO for benchmark functions with respect to swarm size and topology. We develop and demonstrate a new PSO variant which leverages the unique strengths of large swarms. “Hearsay PSO” allows for information to flow quickly through the swarm, even with very loosely connected topologies. These loosely connected topologies are …
Easemail: Easy Accessible Secure Email, Ryan B. Segeberg
Easemail: Easy Accessible Secure Email, Ryan B. Segeberg
Theses and Dissertations
Traditional email encryption methods are difficult to set up, as they require senders to obtain a message recipient's public key before a secure communication can be sent. Easy Accessible Secure Email (EASEmail) addresses the key establishment and exchange issues of encrypted email by using a lightweight symmetric key server. Users can send a secure email without establishing or exchanging keys with the recipient in advance. With usability as its primary goal, EASEmail strives to bring usable secure email communication to the masses.
Uav Intelligent Path Planning For Wilderness Search And Rescue, Rongbin Lin
Uav Intelligent Path Planning For Wilderness Search And Rescue, Rongbin Lin
Theses and Dissertations
In Wilderness Search and Rescue (WiSAR), the incident commander (IC) creates a probability distribution map of the likely location of the missing person. This map is important because it guides the IC in allocating search resources and coordinating efforts, but it often depends almost exclusively on prior experience and subjective judgment. We propose a Bayesian model that utilizes publicly available terrain features data to help model lost-person behaviors. This approach enables domain experts to encode uncertainty in their prior estimations and also make it possible to incorporate human-behavior data collected in the form of posterior distributions, which are used to …
Progressive Spatial Networks, Samuel Curren
Progressive Spatial Networks, Samuel Curren
Theses and Dissertations
Digital street and trail maps are typically represented by an interconnected network of path segments. These spatial networks are used in map creation, route planning, and geo-location. Consumer GPS devices have become popular as a method of collecting data for use in spatial networks. Existing methods for creating spatial networks either require extensive hand editing or use inefficient algorithms that require re-computation when adding new data to an existing network. I demonstrate a method for creating and maintaining spatial networks that allows for incremental updates without complete re-computation. I also demonstrate how spatial limits on data set growth allows networks …
State Of Secure Application Development For 802.15.4, Janell Armstrong
State Of Secure Application Development For 802.15.4, Janell Armstrong
Theses and Dissertations
A wireless sensor network consists of small, limited-resource embedded systems exchanging environment data and activating controls. These networks can be deployed in hostile environments to monitor wildlife habitats, implemented in factories to locate mobile equipment, and installed in home environments to optimize the use of utilities. Each of these scenarios requires network security to protect the network data. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard is designed for WSN communication, yet the standard states that it is not responsible for defining the initialization, distribution, updating, or management of network public keys. Individuals seeking to research security topics will find that there are many …
Test Case Generation Using Model Checking For Software Components Deployed Into New Environments, Tonglaga Bao, Michael D. Jones
Test Case Generation Using Model Checking For Software Components Deployed Into New Environments, Tonglaga Bao, Michael D. Jones
Faculty Publications
In this paper, we show how to generate test cases for a component deployed into a new software environment. This problem is important for software engineers who need to deploy a component into a new environment. Most existing model based testing approaches generate models from high level specifications. This leaves a semantic gap between the high level specification and the actual implementation. Furthermore, the high level specification often needs to be manually translated into a model, which is a time consuming and error prone process. We propose generating the model automatically by abstracting the source code of the component using …
Verifying Abstract Components Within Concrete Software Environments, Tonglaga Bao
Verifying Abstract Components Within Concrete Software Environments, Tonglaga Bao
Theses and Dissertations
In order to model check a software component which is not a standalone program, we need a model of the software which completes the program. This problem is important for software engineers who need to deploy an existing component into a new environment. The model is typically generated by abstracting the surrounding software environment in which the component will be executed. However, abstracting the surrounding software is a difficult and error-prone task, particularly when the surrounding software is a complex software artifact which can not be easily abstracted. In this dissertation, we present a new approach to the problem by …
Combined Visible And Infrared Video For Use In Wilderness Search And Rescue, Nathan D. Rasmussen
Combined Visible And Infrared Video For Use In Wilderness Search And Rescue, Nathan D. Rasmussen
Theses and Dissertations
Mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (mUAVs) have the potential to be a great asset to Wilderness Search and Rescue groups by providing a bird's eye view of the search area. These vehicles can carry a variety of sensors to better understand the world below. This paper proposes using both Infrared (IR) and Visible Spectrum cameras on a mUAV for Wilderness Search and Rescue. It details a method for combining the color and heat information from these two cameras into a single fused display to reduce needed screen space for remote field use. To align the video frames for fusion, a method …
The 20-Minute Genealogist: A Context-Preservation Metaphor For Assisted Family History Research, Charles D. Knutson, Jonathan Krein
The 20-Minute Genealogist: A Context-Preservation Metaphor For Assisted Family History Research, Charles D. Knutson, Jonathan Krein
Faculty Publications
What can you possibly do to be productive as a family history researcher in 20 minutes per week? Our studies suggest that currently the answer is, “Nothing.” In 20 minutes a would-be researcher can’t even remember what happened last week, let alone what they were planning to do next. The 20-Minute Genealogist is a powerful metaphor within which software solutions must consider context preservation as the fundamental domain of the system, thus freeing the researcher to do research while the software manages the tasks that computers do best. Two survey-based studies were conducted that indicate a significant disconnect between the …
Super-Resolution Via Image Recapture And Bayesian Effect Modeling, Neil B. Toronto
Super-Resolution Via Image Recapture And Bayesian Effect Modeling, Neil B. Toronto
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of super-resolution is to increase not only the size of an image, but also its apparent resolution, making the result more plausible to human viewers. Many super-resolution methods do well at modest magnification factors, but even the best suffer from boundary and gradient artifacts at high magnification factors. This thesis presents Bayesian edge inference (BEI), a novel method grounded in Bayesian inference that does not suffer from these artifacts and remains competitive in published objective quality measures. BEI works by modeling the image capture process explicitly, including any downsampling, and modeling a fictional recapture process, which together allow …
A Dynamic Attribute-Based Data Filtering And Recovery Scheme For Web Information Processing, Amit Ahuja, Yiu-Kai D. Ng
A Dynamic Attribute-Based Data Filtering And Recovery Scheme For Web Information Processing, Amit Ahuja, Yiu-Kai D. Ng
Faculty Publications
Web data being transmitted over a network channel on the Internet with excessive amount of data causes data processing problems, which include selectively choosing useful information to be retained for various data applications. In this paper, we present an approach for filtering less-informative attribute data from a source Website. A scheme for filtering attributes, instead of tuples (records), from a Website becomes imperative, since filtering a complete tuple would lead to filtering some informative, as well as less-informative, attribute data in the tuple. Since filtered data at the source Website may be of interest to the user at the destination …
A Unified Approach To Gpu-Accelerated Aerial Video Enhancement Techniques, Stephen Thayn Cluff
A Unified Approach To Gpu-Accelerated Aerial Video Enhancement Techniques, Stephen Thayn Cluff
Theses and Dissertations
Video from aerial surveillance can provide a rich source of data for analysts. From the time-critical perspective of wilderness search and rescue operations, information extracted from aerial videos can mean the difference between a successful search and an unsuccessful search. When using low-cost, payload-limited mini-UAVs, as opposed to more expensive platforms, several challenges arise, including jittery video, narrow fields of view, low resolution, and limited time on screen for key features. These challenges make it difficult for analysts to extract key information in a timely manner. Traditional approaches may address some of these issues, but no existing system effectively addresses …
Spamed: A Spam Email Detection Approach Based On Phrase Similarity, Yiu-Kai D. Ng, Maria Soledad Pera
Spamed: A Spam Email Detection Approach Based On Phrase Similarity, Yiu-Kai D. Ng, Maria Soledad Pera
Faculty Publications
Emails are unquestionably one of the most popular communication media these days. Not only they are fast and reliable, but also free in general. Unfortunately, a significant number of emails received by email users on a daily basis are spam. This fact is annoying, since spam emails translate into a waste of user’s time in reviewing and deleting them. In addition, spam emails consume resources, such as storage, bandwidth, and computer processing time. Many attempts have been made in the past to eradicate spam emails; however, none has been proved highly effective. In this paper, we propose a spam-email detection …
Author Entropy Vs. File Size In The Gnome Suite Of Applications, Jason R. Casebolt, Daniel P. Delorey, Charles D. Knutson, Jonathan Krein, Alexander C. Maclean
Author Entropy Vs. File Size In The Gnome Suite Of Applications, Jason R. Casebolt, Daniel P. Delorey, Charles D. Knutson, Jonathan Krein, Alexander C. Maclean
Faculty Publications
We present the results of a study in which author entropy was used to characterize author contributions per file. Our analysis reveals three patterns: banding in the data, uneven distribution of data across bands, and file size dependent distributions within bands. Our re- sults suggest that when two authors contribute to a file, large files are more likely to have a dominant author than smaller files.
Psoda: Open Source Phylogenetic Search And Dna Analysis, Mark J. Clement, Quinn O. Snell, Kenneth Sundberg
Psoda: Open Source Phylogenetic Search And Dna Analysis, Mark J. Clement, Quinn O. Snell, Kenneth Sundberg
Faculty Publications
PSODA is an open source (GPL v2) sequence analysis package that implements sequence alignment using biochemical properties, phylogeny search with parsimony or maximum likelihood criteria and selection detection using biochemical properties (TreeSAAP ). PSODA is compatible with PAUP and the search algorithms are competitive with those in PAUP. PSODA also adds a basic scripting language to the PAUP block, making it possible to easily create advanced meta-searches. Because PSODA is open-source, we have also been able to easily add in advanced search techniques and characterize the benefits of various optimizations. PSODA is available for Macintosh OS X, Windows, and Linux.
Hardware Accelerated Sequence Alignment With Traceback, Scott Lloyd, Quinn O. Snell
Hardware Accelerated Sequence Alignment With Traceback, Scott Lloyd, Quinn O. Snell
Faculty Publications
Biological sequence alignment is an essential tool used in molecular biology and biomedical applications. The growing volume of genetic data and the complexity of sequence alignment present a challenge in obtaining alignment results in a timely manner. Known methods to accelerate alignment on reconfigurable hardware only address sequence comparison, limit the sequence length, or exhibit memory and I/O bottlenecks. A space-efficient, global sequence alignment algorithm and architecture is presented that accelerates the forward scan and traceback in hardware without memory and I/O limitations. With 256 processing elements in FPGA technology, a performance gain over 300 times that of a desktop …