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Articles 451 - 480 of 1277
Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences
A Method To Develop Neck Injury Criteria To Aid Design And Test Of Escape Systems Incorporating Helmet Mounted Displays, Jeffrey C. Parr
A Method To Develop Neck Injury Criteria To Aid Design And Test Of Escape Systems Incorporating Helmet Mounted Displays, Jeffrey C. Parr
Theses and Dissertations
HMDs are becoming common human-machine interface equipment in manned military flight, but introducing this equipment into the overall aircraft escape system poses new and significant system design, development, and test concerns. Although HMDs add capabilities, which improve operator performance, the increased capability is often accompanied by increased head supported mass. The increased mass can amplify the risk of pilot neck injury during ejection when compared to lighter legacy helmets. Currently no adequate USAF neck injury criteria exist to effectively guide the requirements, design, and test of escape systems for pilots with HMDs. This research effort presents a novel method to …
Epaminondas: Exploring Combat Tactics, David W. King, Gilbert L. Peterson
Epaminondas: Exploring Combat Tactics, David W. King, Gilbert L. Peterson
Faculty Publications
Epaminondas is a two-person, zero-sum strategy game that combines long-term strategic play with highly tactical move sequences. The game has two unique features that make it stand out from other games. The first feature is the creation of phalanxes, which are groups of pieces that can move as a whole unit. As the number of pieces in a phalanx increases, the mobility and capturing power of the phalanx also increases. The second feature differs from many other strategy games: when a player makes a crossing, a winning move in the game, the second player has an opportunity to respond. This …
Narratives As A Fundamental Component Of Consciousness, Sandra L. Vaughan, Robert F. Mills, Michael R. Grimaila, Gilbert L. Peterson, Steven K. Rogers
Narratives As A Fundamental Component Of Consciousness, Sandra L. Vaughan, Robert F. Mills, Michael R. Grimaila, Gilbert L. Peterson, Steven K. Rogers
Faculty Publications
In this paper, we propose a conceptual architecture that models human (spatially-temporally-modally) cohesive narrative development using a computer representation of quale properties. Qualia are proposed to be the fundamental "cognitive" components humans use to generate cohesive narratives. The engineering approach is based on cognitively inspired technologies and incorporates the novel concept of quale representation for computation of primitive cognitive components of narrative. The ultimate objective of this research is to develop an architecture that emulates the human ability to generate cohesive narratives with incomplete or perturbated information.
Malware Target Recognition, Thomas E. Dube, Richard A. Raines, Steven K. Rogers
Malware Target Recognition, Thomas E. Dube, Richard A. Raines, Steven K. Rogers
AFIT Patents
A method, apparatus and program product are provided to recognize malware in a computing environment having at least one computer. A sample is received. An automatic determination is made by the at least one computer to determine if the sample is malware using static analysis methods. If the static analysis methods determine the sample is malware, dynamic analysis methods are used by the at least one computer to automatically determine if the sample is malware. If the dynamic analysis methods determine the sample is malware, the sample is presented to a malware analyst to adjudicate the automatic determinations of the …
Toward Automating Web Protocol Configuration For A Programmable Logic Controller Emulator, Deanna R. Fink
Toward Automating Web Protocol Configuration For A Programmable Logic Controller Emulator, Deanna R. Fink
Theses and Dissertations
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) remain vulnerable through attack vectors that exist within programmable logic controllers (PLC). PLC emulators used as honeypots can provide insight into these vulnerabilities. Honeypots can sometimes deter attackers from real devices and log activity. A variety of PLC emulators exist, but require manual figuration to change their PLC pro le. This limits their flexibility for deployment. An automated process for configuring PLC emulators can open the door for emulation of many types of PLCs. This study investigates the feasibility of creating such a process. The research creates an automated process for figuring the web protocols of …
User Identification And Authentication Using Multi-Modal Behavioral Biometrics, Kyle O. Bailey, James S. Okolica, Gilbert L. Peterson
User Identification And Authentication Using Multi-Modal Behavioral Biometrics, Kyle O. Bailey, James S. Okolica, Gilbert L. Peterson
Faculty Publications
Biometric computer authentication has an advantage over password and access card authentication in that it is based on something you are, which is not easily copied or stolen. One way of performing biometric computer authentication is to use behavioral tendencies associated with how a user interacts with the computer. However, behavioral biometric authentication accuracy rates are worse than more traditional authentication methods. This article presents a behavioral biometric system that fuses user data from keyboard, mouse, and Graphical User Interface (GUI) interactions. Combining the modalities results in a more accurate authentication decision based on a broader view of the user's …
Multi-Objective Optimization Of Dead-Reckoning Error Thresholds For Virtual Environments, Jeremy R. Millar, Douglas D. Hodson, Gary B. Lamont, Gilbert L. Peterson
Multi-Objective Optimization Of Dead-Reckoning Error Thresholds For Virtual Environments, Jeremy R. Millar, Douglas D. Hodson, Gary B. Lamont, Gilbert L. Peterson
Faculty Publications
Design trade-offs between state consistency and system response time are commonplace in virtual environments. Systems typically rely on predictive consistency algorithms such as dead-reckoning to control consistency and response time. Dead-reckoning error threshold selection determines the consistency/response time trade-off. We extend this trade-off space to explicitly account for the concept of system fairness. We derive a multi-objective optimization problem and apply multi-objective evolutionary algorithms to solve for Pareto optimal error thresholds. Abstract ©2014 IEEE.
An Analysis Of Eye Movements With Helmet Mounted Displays, Kalyn A. Tung
An Analysis Of Eye Movements With Helmet Mounted Displays, Kalyn A. Tung
Theses and Dissertations
Helmet or Head-Mounted Displays (HMD) applications have expanded to include a range from advanced military cockpits to consumer glasses. However, users have documented loss of legibility while undergoing vibration. Recent research indicates that undesirable eye movement is related to the vibration frequency a user experiences. In vibrating environments, two competing eye reflexes likely contribute to eye movements. The Vestibulo-ocular Reflex responds to motion sensed in the otoliths while the pursuit reflex is driven by the visual system to maintain the desired image on the fovea. This study attempts to isolate undesirable eye motions that occur while using a HMD by …
A Recommender System In The Cyber Defense Domain, Katherine B. Lyons
A Recommender System In The Cyber Defense Domain, Katherine B. Lyons
Theses and Dissertations
In the cyber domain, network defenders have traditionally been placed in a reactionary role. Before a defender can act they must wait for an attack to occur and identify the attack. This places the defender at a disadvantage in a cyber attack situation and it is certainly desirable that the defender out maneuver the attacker before the network has been compromised. The goal of this research is to determine the value of employing a recommender system as an attack predictor, and determine the best configuration of a recommender system for the cyber defense domain. The most important contribution of this …
Complexity, Heuristic, And Search Analysis For The Games Of Crossings And Epaminondas, David W. King Jr.
Complexity, Heuristic, And Search Analysis For The Games Of Crossings And Epaminondas, David W. King Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
Games provide fertile research domains for algorithmic research. Often, game research helps solve real-world problems through the testing and refinement of search algorithms in game domains. Other times, game research finds limits for certain algorithms. For example, the game of Go proved intractable for the Min-Max with Alpha-Beta pruning algorithm leading to the popularity of Monte-Carlo based search algorithms. Although effective in Go, and game domains once ruled by Alpha-Beta such as Lines of Action, Monte-Carlo methods appear to have limits too as they fall short in tactical domains such as Hex and Chess. In a continuation of this type …
Applicability Of Latent Dirichlet Allocation To Multi-Disk Search, George E. Noel, Gilbert L. Peterson
Applicability Of Latent Dirichlet Allocation To Multi-Disk Search, George E. Noel, Gilbert L. Peterson
Faculty Publications
Digital forensics practitioners face a continual increase in the volume of data they must analyze, which exacerbates the problem of finding relevant information in a noisy domain. Current technologies make use of keyword based search to isolate relevant documents and minimize false positives with respect to investigative goals. Unfortunately, selecting appropriate keywords is a complex and challenging task. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) offers a possible way to relax keyword selection by returning topically similar documents. This research compares regular expression search techniques and LDA using the Real Data Corpus (RDC). The RDC, a set of over 2400 disks from real …
Digital Display With Integrated Computing Circuit, Ronald S. Cok, John W. Harmer, Michael E. Miller
Digital Display With Integrated Computing Circuit, Ronald S. Cok, John W. Harmer, Michael E. Miller
AFIT Patents
A digital display device includes a display substrate; an array of pixels formed on the display substrate; an array of driving circuits located on the display substrate, each driving circuit electrically connected to one or more pixels for controlling a pixel current provided to each pixel; an array of computing circuits located on the display substrate, each computing circuit including circuits for signal or image processing and for communicating with neighboring computing circuits; a plurality of electrical conductors formed on the display substrate and connected to each of the driving circuits and digital computing circuits, wherein each computing circuit is …
Using Software-Based Decision Procedures To Control Instruction-Level Execution, William B. Kimball
Using Software-Based Decision Procedures To Control Instruction-Level Execution, William B. Kimball
AFIT Patents
An apparatus, method and program product are provided for securing a computer system. A digital signature of an application is checked, which is loaded into a memory of the computer system configured to contain memory pages. In response to finding a valid digital signature, memory pages containing instructions of the application are set as executable and memory pages other than those containing instructions of the application are set as non-executable. Instructions in executable memory pages are executed. Instructions in non-executable memory pages are prevented from being executed. A page fault is generated in response to an attempt to execute an …
Situational Awareness/Triage Tool For Use In A Chemical, Biological, Radiological Nuclear Explosive (Cbrne) Environment, John N. Scarlett, Heather L. Gallup, David A. Smith
Situational Awareness/Triage Tool For Use In A Chemical, Biological, Radiological Nuclear Explosive (Cbrne) Environment, John N. Scarlett, Heather L. Gallup, David A. Smith
AFIT Patents
A method of managing patient care and emergency response following a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, or Nuclear Explosive (CBRNE) attack and maintaining compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). The method including identifying each patient with a unique patient identifier, the identifier based upon the geospatial location of the patient, the geospatial location including at least the latitude and longitude of the patient when first treated, the unique patient identifier being part of patient data. Providing a collection point of patient data to form a patient data database where in the patient location data may be used to …
Tonescale Compression For Electroluminescent Display, Michael E. Miller, Christopher J. White
Tonescale Compression For Electroluminescent Display, Michael E. Miller, Christopher J. White
AFIT Patents
A method for controlling an electroluminescent display to produce an image for display that has reduced luminance to reduce burn-in on the display while maintaining visible contrast, includes providing the electroluminescent (EL) display having a plurality of EL emitters, the luminance of the light produced by each EL emitter being responsive to a respective drive signal; receiving a respective input image signal for each EL emitter; and transforming the input image signals to a plurality of drive signals that have a reduced peak frame luminance value but maintains contrast in the displayed image to reduce burn-in by adjusting the drive …
The Dynamic Multi-Objective Multi-Vehicle Covering Tour Problem, Joshua S. Ziegler
The Dynamic Multi-Objective Multi-Vehicle Covering Tour Problem, Joshua S. Ziegler
Theses and Dissertations
This work introduces a new routing problem called the Dynamic Multi-Objective Multi-vehicle Covering Tour Problem (DMOMCTP). The DMOMCTPs is a combinatorial optimization problem that represents the problem of routing multiple vehicles to survey an area in which unpredictable target nodes may appear during execution. The formulation includes multiple objectives that include minimizing the cost of the combined tour cost, minimizing the longest tour cost, minimizing the distance to nodes to be covered and maximizing the distance to hazardous nodes. This study adapts several existing algorithms to the problem with several operator and solution encoding variations. The efficacy of this set …
Applied Hypergame Theory For Network Defense, Alan S. Gibson
Applied Hypergame Theory For Network Defense, Alan S. Gibson
Theses and Dissertations
Cyber operations are the most important aspect of military conflicts in the 21st century, but unfortunately they are also among the least understood. The continual battle for network dominance between attackers and defenders is considered to be a complex game. Hypergame theory is an extension of game theory that addresses the kind of games where misperception exists, as is often the case in military engagements. Hypergame theory, like game theory, uses a game model to determine strategy selection, but goes beyond game theory by examining subgames that exist within the full game. The inclusion of misperception and misinformation in the …
Context-Driven Image Annotation Using Imagenet, George E. Noel, Gilbert L. Peterson
Context-Driven Image Annotation Using Imagenet, George E. Noel, Gilbert L. Peterson
Faculty Publications
Image annotation research has demonstrated success on test data for focused domains. Unfortunately, extending these techniques to the broader topics found in real world data often results in poor performance. This paper proposes a novel approach that leverages WordNet and ImageNet capabilities to annotate images based on local text and image features. Signatures generated from ImageNet images based on WordNet synonymous sets are compared using Earth Mover's Distance against the query image and used to rank order surrounding words by relevancy. The results demonstrate effective image annotation, producing higher accuracy and improved specificity over the ALIPR image annotation system. Abstract …
An Investigation And Analysis Of The Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex In A Vibration Environment, Daniel J. Uribe
An Investigation And Analysis Of The Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex In A Vibration Environment, Daniel J. Uribe
Theses and Dissertations
Forty years of innovations have greatly improved Helmet-Mounted Displays (HMDs) and their integration into military systems. However, a significant issue with HMDs is the effect of vibration and the associated Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR). When a human’s head is subject to low-frequency vibration, the VOR stabilizes the eye with respect to objects in the external environment. However, this response is inappropriate in HMDs as the display moves with the user’s head and the VOR blurs the image as it is projected on the human retina. Current compensation techniques suggest increasing the size of displayed graphics or text to compensate for the …
Modeling Cyber Situational Awareness Through Data Fusion, Evan L. Raulerson
Modeling Cyber Situational Awareness Through Data Fusion, Evan L. Raulerson
Theses and Dissertations
Cyber attacks are compromising networks faster than administrators can respond. Network defenders are unable to become oriented with these attacks, determine the potential impacts, and assess the damages in a timely manner. Since the observations of network sensors are normally disjointed, analysis of the data is overwhelming and time is not spent efficiently. Automation in defending cyber networks requires a level of reasoning for adequate response. Current automated systems are mostly limited to scripted responses. Better defense tools are required. This research develops a framework that aggregates data from heterogeneous network sensors. The collected data is correlated into a single …
Mobile Network Defense Interface For Cyber Defense And Situational Awareness, James C. Hannan
Mobile Network Defense Interface For Cyber Defense And Situational Awareness, James C. Hannan
Theses and Dissertations
Today's computer networks are under constant attack. In order to deal with this constant threat, network administrators rely on intrusion detection and prevention services (IDS) (IPS). Most IDS and IPS implement static rule sets to automatically alert administrators and resolve intrusions. Network administrators face a difficult challenge, identifying attacks against a vast number of benign network transactions. Also after a threat is identified making even the smallest policy change to the security software potentially has far-reaching and unanticipated consequences. Finally, because the administrator is primarily responding to alerts they may lose situational awareness of the network. During this research a …
Rootkit Detection Using A Cross-View Clean Boot Method, Bridget N. Flatley
Rootkit Detection Using A Cross-View Clean Boot Method, Bridget N. Flatley
Theses and Dissertations
In cyberspace, attackers commonly infect computer systems with malware to gain capabilities such as remote access, keylogging, and stealth. Many malware samples include rootkit functionality to hide attacker activities on the target system. After detection, users can remove the rootkit and associated malware from the system with commercial tools. This research describes, implements, and evaluates a clean boot method using two partitions to detect rootkits on a system. One partition is potentially infected with a rootkit while the other is clean. The method obtains directory listings of the potentially infected operating system from each partition and compares the lists to …
Large-Scale Cooperative Task Distribution On Peer-To-Peer Networks, Daniel R. Karrels, Gilbert L. Peterson, Barry E. Mullins
Large-Scale Cooperative Task Distribution On Peer-To-Peer Networks, Daniel R. Karrels, Gilbert L. Peterson, Barry E. Mullins
Faculty Publications
Large-scale systems are part of a growing trend in distributed computing, and coordinating control of them is an increasing challenge. This paper presents a cooperative agent system that scales to one million or more nodes in which agents form coalitions to complete global task objectives. This approach uses the large-scale Command and Control (C2) capabilities of the Resource Clustered Chord (RC-Chord) Hierarchical Peer-to-Peer (HP2P) design. Tasks are submitted that require access to processing, data, or hardware resources, and a distributed agent search is performed to recruit agents to satisfy the distributed task. This approach differs from others by incorporating design …
Insider Threat Detection Using Virtual Machine Introspection, M. Crawford, Gilbert L. Peterson, Robert F. Mills, Michael R. Grimaila
Insider Threat Detection Using Virtual Machine Introspection, M. Crawford, Gilbert L. Peterson, Robert F. Mills, Michael R. Grimaila
Faculty Publications
This paper presents a methodology for signaling potentially malicious insider behavior using virtual machine introspection (VMI). VMI provides a novel means to detect potential malicious insiders because the introspection tools remain transparent and inaccessible to the guest and are extremely difficult to subvert. This research develops a four step methodology for development and validation of malicious insider threat alerting using VMI. A malicious attacker taxonomy is used to decompose each scenario to aid identification of observables for monitoring for potentially malicious actions. The effectiveness of the identified observables is validated using two data sets. Results of the research show the …
Exploitation Of Rf-Dna For Device Classification And Verification Using Grlvqi Processing, Donald R. Reising
Exploitation Of Rf-Dna For Device Classification And Verification Using Grlvqi Processing, Donald R. Reising
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation introduces a GRLVQI classifier into an RF-DNA fingerprinting process and demonstrates applicability for device classification and ID verification. Unlike MDA/ML processing, GRLVQI provides a measure of feature relevance that enables Dimensional Reduction Analysis (DRA) to enhance the experimental-to-operational transition potential of RF-DNA fingerprinting. Using 2D Gabor Transform RF-DNA fingerprints extracted from experimentally collected OFDM-based 802.16 WiMAX and 802.11 WiFi device emissions, average GRLVQI classification accuracy of %C greater than or equal to 90% is achieved using full and reduced dimensional feature sets at SNR greater than or equal to 10.0 dB and SNR greater than or equal to …
Electronic Device, Display And Touch-Sensitive User Interface (Dec 2012), Michael E. Miller, Jerald J. Muszak, Michael J. Telek
Electronic Device, Display And Touch-Sensitive User Interface (Dec 2012), Michael E. Miller, Jerald J. Muszak, Michael J. Telek
AFIT Patents
Display devices and methods for operating the same are provided. In one embodiment, the display device has an electronic display having an active area for presenting visual content; a housing holding the electronic display and having an opening allowing a person to view a first portion of the active area; and a bezel about the opening, the bezel covering a second portion of the active area and providing a window through which at least a part of the second portion can be viewed. A sensor system senses when a person is close to touching the bezel or when a person …
Electronic Device, Display And Touch-Sensitive User Interface (Nov 2012), Michael E. Miller, Jerald J. Muszak, Michael J. Telek
Electronic Device, Display And Touch-Sensitive User Interface (Nov 2012), Michael E. Miller, Jerald J. Muszak, Michael J. Telek
AFIT Patents
Display devices and methods for operating the same are provided. In one embodiment, the display device has an electronic display having an active area for presenting visual content; a housing holding the electronic display and having an opening allowing a person to view a first portion of the active area; and a bezel about the opening, the bezel covering a second portion of the active area and providing a window through which at least a part of the second portion can be viewed. A sensor system senses when a person is close to touching the bezel or when a person …
Emulation-Based Software Protection, William B. Kimball, Rusty O. Baldwin
Emulation-Based Software Protection, William B. Kimball, Rusty O. Baldwin
AFIT Patents
A method of emulation-based page granularity code signing comprising the steps of: copying guest operating system instructions and associated hash message authentication codes and/or digital signatures of each guest operating instruction from an untrusted guest operating system memory into a trusted host operating system memory; recomputing the hash message authentication codes using a secret key in the trusted host operating system memory; maintaining the secret key in the trusted host operating system memory and inaccessible by the untrusted guest operating system instructions; translating each guest operating system instruction that has a valid hash message authentication code to a set of …
Effects Of Architecture On Information Leakage Of A Hardware Advanced Encryption Standard Implementation, Eric A. Koziel
Effects Of Architecture On Information Leakage Of A Hardware Advanced Encryption Standard Implementation, Eric A. Koziel
Theses and Dissertations
Side-channel analysis (SCA) is a threat to many modern cryptosystems. Many countermeasures exist, but are costly to implement and still do not provide complete protection against SCA. A plausible alternative is to design the cryptosystem using architectures that are known to leak little information about the cryptosystem's operations. This research uses several common primitive architectures for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and assesses the susceptibility of the full AES system to side-channel attack for various primitive configurations. A combined encryption/decryption core is also evaluated to determine if variation of high-level architectures affects leakage characteristics. These different configurations are evaluated under …
Creating Network Attack Priority Lists By Analyzing Email Traffic Using Predefined Profiles, Eric J. Merrit
Creating Network Attack Priority Lists By Analyzing Email Traffic Using Predefined Profiles, Eric J. Merrit
Theses and Dissertations
Networks can be vast and complicated entities consisting of both servers and workstations that contain information sought by attackers. Searching for specific data in a large network can be a time consuming process. Vast amounts of data either passes through or is stored by various servers on the network. However, intermediate work products are often kept solely on workstations. Potential high value targets can be passively identified by comparing user email traffic against predefined profiles. This method provides a potentially smaller footprint on target systems, less human interaction, and increased efficiency of attackers. Collecting user email traffic and comparing each …