Computer Sciences Commons^™

Situations And Evidence For Identity Using Dempster-Shafer Theory, William Nick, Yenny Dominguez, Albert Esterline

MAICS: The Modern Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference

We present a computational framework for identity based on Barwise and Devlin’s situation theory. We present an example with constellations of situations identifying an individual to create what we call id-situations, where id-actions are performed, along with supporting situations. We use Semantic Web standards to represent and reason about the situations in our example. We show how to represent the strength of the evidence, within the situations, as a measure of the support for judgments reached in the id-situation. To measure evidence of an identity from the supporting situations, we use the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. We enhance Dempster- Shafer …

Student Understanding And Engagement In A Class Employing Comps Computer Mediated Problem Solving: A First Look, Jung Hee Kim, Michael Glass, Taehee Kim, Kelvin Bryant, Angelica Willis, Ebonie Mcneil, Zachery Thomas

MAICS: The Modern Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference

COMPS computer-mediated group discussion exercises are being added to a second-semester computer programming class. The class is a gateway for computer science and computer engineering students, where many students have difficulty succeeding well enough to proceed in their major. This paper reports on first results of surveys on student experience with the exercises. It also reports on the affective states observed in the discussions that are candidates for analysis of group functioning. As a step toward computer monitoring of the discussions, an experiment in using dialogue features to identify the gender of the participants is described.

A Tool For Staging Mixed-Initiative Dialogs, Joshua W. Buck, Saverio Perugini

MAICS: The Modern Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference

We discuss and demonstrate a tool for prototyping dialog-based systems that, given a high-level specification of a human-computer dialog, stages the dialog for interactive use. The tool enables a dialog designer to evaluate a variety of dialogs without having to program each individual dialog, and serves as a proof-of-concept for our approach to mixed-initiative dialog modeling and implementation from a programming language-based perspective.

Keynote Talk 2: Social And Perceptual Fidelity Of Avatars And Autonomous Agents In Virtual Reality, Benjamin Kunz

MAICS: The Modern Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference

Advances in display, computing and sensor technologies have led to a revival of interest and excitement surrounding immersive virtual reality. Here, on the cusp of the arrival of practical and affordable virtual reality technology, are open questions regarding the factors that contribute to compelling and immersive virtual worlds.

In order for virtual reality to be useful as a tool for use in training, education, communication, research, content-creation and entertainment, we must understand the degree to which the perception of the virtual environment and virtual characters resembles perception of the real world.

Relatedly, virtual reality's utility in these contexts demands evidence …

Exploring Web-Based Visual Interfaces For Searching Research Articles On Digital Library Systems, Maxwell Fowler, Chris Bellis, Chris Perry, Beomjin Kim

MAICS: The Modern Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference

Previous studies that present information archived in digital libraries have used either document meta-data or document content. The current search mechanisms commonly return text-based results that were compiled from the meta-data without reflecting the underlying content. Visual analytics is a possible solution for improving searches by presenting a large amount of information, including document content alongside meta-data, in a limited screen space. This paper introduces a multi-tiered visual interface for searching research articles stored in Digital Library systems. The goals of this system are to allow users to find research papers about their interests in a large work space, to …

Fuzzy Algorithms: Applying Fuzzy Logic To The Golden Ratio Search To Find Solutions Faster, Stephany Coffman-Wolph

MAICS: The Modern Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference

Applying the concept of fuzzy logic (an abstract version of Boolean logic) to well-known algorithms generates an abstract version (i.e., fuzzy algorithm) that often results in computational improvements. Precision may be reduced but counteracted by gaining computational efficiency. The trade-offs (e.g., small increase in space, loss of precision) for a variety of applications are deemed acceptable. The fuzzification of an algorithm can be accomplished using a simple three-step framework. Creating a new fuzzy algorithm goes beyond simply converting the data from raw data into fuzzy data by additionally converting the operators and concepts into their abstract equivalents. This paper demonstrates: …

The Webid Protocol Enhanced With Group Access, Biometrics, And Access Policies, Cory Sabol, William Nick, Maya Earl, Joseph Shelton, Albert Esterline

MAICS: The Modern Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference

The WebID protocol solves the challenge of remembering usernames and passwords. We enhance this protocol in three ways. First, we give it the ability to manage groups of agents and control their access to resources on the Web. Second, we add support for biometric access control to enhance security. Finally, we add support for OWL-based policies that may be federated and result in flexible access control.

Real-Time Unsupervised Clustering, Gabriel Ferrer

MAICS: The Modern Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Conference

In our research program, we are developing machine learning algorithms to enable a mobile robot to build a compact representation of its environment. This requires the processing of each new input to terminate in constant time. Existing machine learning algorithms are either incapable of meeting this constraint or deliver problematic results. In this paper, we describe a new algorithm for real-time unsupervised clustering, Bounded Self-Organizing Clustering. It executes in constant time for each input, and it produces clusterings that are significantly better than those created by the Self-Organizing Map, its closest competitor, on sensor data acquired from a physically embodied …

Chipathlon: A Competitive Assessment For Gene Regulation Tools, Avi Knecht, Adam Caprez, Istvan Ladunga

UCARE: Research Products

When gene regulation of the cell cycle malfunctions, it frequently causes cancer.

Adult, differentiated cells can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cell; which can then be reprogrammed to heart muscle, skin, etc, to repair damaged tissue (to limited extent in clinical practice).

ChIPathlon: Evaluate the performance of all transcription factor mapping (peak calling) methods. To this end, we will develop a scalable and easy to use super computing pipeline to stage data, compare many different peak calling and differential binding site tools, and store all results into a single database.

Flying By Fire: Making Controlled Burns Safer For Humans And Uavs, Rebecca Horzewski, Carrick Detweiler

UCARE: Research Products

A temperature sensing circuit board was developed that will allow Nimbus Lab's controlled burn starting UAV to react to the temperatures around it.

Front Matter: Proceedings Of The Maics 2016 Conference, University Of Dayton

Content presented at the MAICS conference

Front matter contains:

• A list of program chairs and committee members
• Foreword to the proceedings by James P. Buckley, conference chair; Saverio Perugini, general chair

Editors: Phu H. Phung, University of Dayton; Ju Shen, University of Dayton; Michael Glass, Valparaiso University

Challenges And Opportunities In Dfo-At: A Study Of E-Nable, Jeremiah L. Parry-Hill, Daniel L. Ashbrook

Articles

In this paper, we present the results of a study of the e‑NABLE community–a distributed, collaborative volunteer effort to design and fabricate upper-limb assistive technology devices for distant strangers. We position e‑NABLE as the prototypical example of “Do-it-yourself For Others Assistive Technology” (DFO‑AT) and describe three key findings: how the project does and does not meet the recipient's nuanced needs for functional and social support; how e‑NABLE volunteers' motivations compare to those of volunteers for other efforts, including open source software projects; and we explore the challenges inherent in the distance between volunteers and recipients. We also describe opportunities for …

Position And Volume Estimation Of Atmospheric Nuclear Detonations From Video Reconstruction, Daniel T. Schmitt

Theses and Dissertations

Recent work in digitizing films of foundational atmospheric nuclear detonations from the 1950s provides an opportunity to perform deeper analysis on these historical tests. This work leverages multi-view geometry and computer vision techniques to provide an automated means to perform three-dimensional analysis of the blasts for several points in time. The accomplishment of this requires careful alignment of the films in time, detection of features in the images, matching of features, and multi-view reconstruction. Sub-explosion features can be detected with a 67% hit rate and 22% false alarm rate. Hotspot features can be detected with a 71.95% hit rate, 86.03% …

Epistemic Considerations On Extensive-Form Games, Cagil Tasdemir

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In this thesis, we study several topics in extensive-form games. First, we consider perfect information games with belief revision with players who are tolerant of each other’s hypothetical errors. We bound the number of hypothetical non-rational moves of a player that will be tolerated by other players without revising the belief on that player’s rationality on future moves, and investigate which games yield the backward induction solution.

Second, we consider players who have no way of assigning probabilities to various possible outcomes, and define players as conservative, moderate and aggressive depending on the way they choose, and show that all …

The Global Rock-Art Database Project Towards Machine Learning: Building A Collaborative Open Source Platform For Heritage Management From Information Structure To Information Visualization Using Australian Heritage Examples, Robert Haubt

Staff Scholarship - Australia & Dubai

This guest talk, presented at Lava Lab at the University of Hawaiʻi, explores the intersection of collaboration, data ontology, and information visualization in advancing machine learning within the Global Rock Art Database project. Drawing on insights from the project’s first four years, the talk emphasizes the critical need for cultural heritage preservation by systematically recording and structuring global rock art data in accessible and sustainable ways. This effort not only supports public education on rock art but also facilitates scholarly research.

Key discussions include advancements in data ontology using the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CIDOC CRM) for semantic data management …

Artificially Intelligent Computer Assisted Language Learning System With Ai Student Component, Denee M. Mcclain

Capstone Research Projects

Intelligent Computer Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) systems follow an accepted format, which utilizes an artificially intelligent tutor. The systems allow the user to input a sentence in the target language and the AI tutor analyzes the sentence and provides error correction. This approach can be expensive, impractical, and inflexible. Inflexibility can result in a lower quality of learning for the users of these systems. Here I present an alternative format for ICALL systems that utilizes an artificially intelligent student. This alternative is cost effective and practical because it does not require extra development time to make the artificial intelligence an …

Line-Of-Sight Pursuit And Evasion Games On Polytopes In R^N, John Phillpot

HMC Senior Theses

We study single-pursuer, line-of-sight Pursuit and Evasion games in polytopes in $\mathbb{R}^n$. We develop winning Pursuer strategies for simple classes of polytopes (monotone prisms) in Rⁿ, using proven algorithms for polygons as inspiration and as subroutines. More generally, we show that any Pursuer-win polytope can be extended to a new Pursuer-win polytope in more dimensions. We also show that some more general classes of polytopes (monotone products) do not admit a deterministic winning Pursuer strategy. Though we provide bounds on which polytopes are Pursuer-win, these bounds are not tight. Closing the gap between those polytopes known to be …

Chillisource Game Engine Particle System Study, Angela Gross

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The majority of modern game engines utilize intricate objects called particle systems which are a collection of many particles that together represent an object without well-defined surfaces. This thesis discusses the results of studying and stressing particle systems within ChilliSource, an open-source game engine written in C++, with the goal of understanding a complex system and exploring possible optimizations that could be made to it. The studies performed were driven by metrics generated with custom profiling classes that kept track of things like the number of particles rendered, how long the engine spent rendering particles, or even how long a …

Multi-Type Display Calculus For Dynamic Epistemic Logic, Sabine Frittella, Giuseppe Greco, Alexander Kurz, Alessandra Palmigiano, Vlasta Sikimić

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

In the present paper, we introduce a multi-type display calculus for dynamic epistemic logic, which we refer to as Dynamic Calculus. The displayapproach is suitable to modularly chart the space of dynamic epistemic logics on weaker-than-classical propositional base. The presence of types endows the language of the Dynamic Calculus with additional expressivity, allows for a smooth proof-theoretic treatment, and paves the way towards a general methodology for the design of proof systems for the generality of dynamic logics, and certainly beyond dynamic epistemic logic. We prove that the Dynamic Calculus adequately captures Baltag-Moss-Solecki’s dynamic epistemic logic, and enjoys Belnap-style cut …

Revisiting The Futamura Projections: A Diagrammatic Approach, Brandon Williams, Saverio Perugini

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The advent of language implementation tools such as PyPy and Truffle/Graal have reinvigorated and broadened interest in topics related to automatic compiler generation and optimization. Given this broader interest, we revisit the Futamura Projections using a novel diagram scheme. Through these diagrams we emphasize the recurring patterns in the Futamura Projections while addressing their complexity and abstract nature. We anticipate that this approach will improve the accessibility of the Futamura Projections and help foster analysis of those new tools through the lens of partial evaluation.

Deep Level Lexical Features For Cross-Lingual Authorship Attribution, Marisa Llorens, Sarah Jane Delany

Conference papers

Crosslingual document classification aims to classify documents written in different languages that share a common genre, topic or author. Knowledge-based methods and others based on machine translation deliver state-of-the-art classification accuracy, however because of their reliance on external resources, poorly resourced languages present a challenge for these type of methods. In this paper, we propose a novel set of language independent features that capture language use from a document at a deep level, using features that are intrinsic to the document. These features are based on vocabulary richness measurements and are text length independent and self-contained, meaning that no external …

Algorithmic Foundations Of Heuristic Search Using Higher-Order Polygon Inequalities, Newton Henry Campbell Jr.

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

The shortest path problem in graphs is both a classic combinatorial optimization problem and a practical problem that admits many applications. Techniques for preprocessing a graph are useful for reducing shortest path query times. This dissertation studies the foundations of a class of algorithms that use preprocessed landmark information and the triangle inequality to guide A* search in graphs. A new heuristic is presented for solving shortest path queries that enables the use of higher order polygon inequalities. We demonstrate this capability by leveraging distance information from two landmarks when visiting a vertex as opposed to the common single landmark …

Blended Learning For Faculty Professional Development Incorporating Knowledge Management Principles, Julie E. Hewitt

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

Adjunct faculty comprise a large percentage of part-time faculty for many colleges and universities today. Adjunct faculty are hired because they are experts in their content areas; however, this does not guarantee that they are skilled in effective classroom management. These instructors can become bewildered and frustrated because they lack the knowledge and skills that are needed to run an effective classroom.

While educational organizations have adopted blended learning environments as an effective delivery method for their students, this method has not gained much traction as a way to deliver instruction to their own employees. Thus, there are opportunities to …

A Study Of The Success Of Group Formation In Virtual Teams Using Computer-Mediated Communications, Eliel Melón-Ramos

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

In the digital domain, virtual teams within organizations and corporations are becoming common. Restructuring an organization or corporation is vital because competition and globalization are increasing. In this era of globalization, distributed working groups need to develop a competitive advantage in these ever-changing environments. Historically, teams had experienced problems stemming from geographical and temporal limitations. With the increase of technology in telecommunications, organizations are increasingly forming virtual teams, which have become critical to the survival of nearly any corporate entity.

Virtual teams have some of the same problems that regular teams have. One of the key challenges is the method …

Mutable Class Design Pattern, Nikolay Malitsky

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

The dissertation proposes, presents and analyzes a new design pattern, the Mutable Class pattern, to support the processing of large-scale heterogeneous data models with multiple families of algorithms. Handling data-algorithm associations represents an important topic across a variety of application domains. As a result, it has been addressed by multiple approaches, including the Visitor pattern and the aspect-oriented programming (AOP) paradigm. Existing solutions, however, bring additional constraints and issues. For example, the Visitor pattern freezes the class hierarchies of application models and the AOP-based projects, such as Spring AOP, introduce significant overhead for processing large-scale models with fine-grain objects. The …

An Empirical Study Of Authentication Methods To Secure E-Learning System Activities Against Impersonation Fraud, Shauna Beaudin

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

Studies have revealed that securing Information Systems (IS) from intentional misuse is a concern among organizations today. The use of Web-based systems has grown dramatically across industries including e-commerce, e-banking, e-government, and e learning to name a few. Web-based systems provide e-services through a number of diverse activities. The demand for e-learning systems in both academic and non-academic organizations has increased the need to improve security against impersonation fraud. Although there are a number of studies focused on securing Web-based systems from Information Systems (IS) misuse, research has recognized the importance of identifying suitable levels of authenticating strength for various …

Electronic Medical Records (Emr): An Empirical Testing Of Factors Contributing To Healthcare Professionals’ Resistance To Use Emr Systems, Emmanuel Patrick Bazile

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

The benefits of using electronic medical records (EMRs) have been well documented; however, despite numerous financial benefits and cost reductions being offered by the federal government, some healthcare professionals have been reluctant to implement EMR systems. In fact, prior research provides evidence of failed EMR implementations due to resistance on the part of physicians, nurses, and clinical administrators. In 2010, only 25% of office-based physicians have basic EMR systems and only 10% have fully functional systems. One of the hindrances believed to be responsible for the slow implementation rates of EMR systems is resistance from healthcare professionals not truly convinced …

Effective Teaching Practices In Online Higher Education, Kim Mcmurtry

CCAC Theses and Dissertations

In the context of continuing growth in online higher education in the United States, students are struggling to succeed, as evidenced by lower course outcomes and lower retention rates in online courses in comparison with face-to-face courses. The problem identified for investigation is how university instructors can ensure that effective teaching and learning is happening in their online courses. The research questions were:

1. What are the best practices of effective online teaching in higher education according to current research?
2. How do exemplary online instructors enact teaching presence in higher education?
3. What are the best practices of effective online teaching in …

Impacts Of Soil Type And Moisture On The Capacity Of Multi-Carrier Modulation In Internet Of Underground Things, Abdul Salam, Mehmet C. Vuran

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Unique interactions between soil and communication components in wireless underground communications necessitate revisiting fundamental communication concepts from a different perspective. In this paper, capacity profile of wireless underground (UG) channel for multi-carrier transmission techniques is analyzed based on empirical antenna return loss and channel frequency response models in different soil types and moisture values. It is shown that data rates in excess of 124 Mbps are possible for distances up to 12 m. For shorter distances and lower soil moisture conditions, data rates of 362 Mbps can be achieved. It is also shown that due to soil moisture variations, UG …

Table Headers: An Entrance To The Data Mine, George Nagy, Sharad C. Seth

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Algorithmic methods are demonstrated for information extraction from table header elements, including data categories and data hierarchies. The table headers are found with the Minimum Index Point Search algorithm. The header-path alignment and header completion algorithms yield database-ready table content and configuration statistics on a random sample of 400 diverse tables with ground truth and 1120 tables without ground truth from international statistical data sites.