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Articles 1891 - 1920 of 7257

Full-Text Articles in Computer Sciences

Do Blockchain And Iot Architecture Create Informedness To Support Provenance Tracking In The Product Lifecycle?, Somnath Mazumdar, Thomas Jensen, Raghava Rao Mukkamala, Robert John Kauffman, Jan Damsgaard Jan 2021

Do Blockchain And Iot Architecture Create Informedness To Support Provenance Tracking In The Product Lifecycle?, Somnath Mazumdar, Thomas Jensen, Raghava Rao Mukkamala, Robert John Kauffman, Jan Damsgaard

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Consumers often lack information about the origin and provenance of the products they buy. They may ask: Is a food product truly organic? Or, what is the origin of the gemstone in the ring I purchased? They also may have sustainability concerns about the footprint of a product at the end of its life. Producers and sellers, meanwhile, wish to know how longitudinal tracking of the provenance of products and their components can boost their sales prices and after-market value, and re- veal new business opportunities. We focus on how the product lifecycle (PLC) can be leveraged to track information …


Smart Contracts: Will Fintech Be The Catalyst For The Next Global Financial Crisis?, Randall Duran, Paul Griffin Jan 2021

Smart Contracts: Will Fintech Be The Catalyst For The Next Global Financial Crisis?, Randall Duran, Paul Griffin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the risks associated with smart contracts, a disruptive financial technology (FinTech) innovation, and assesses how in the future they could threaten the integrity of the global financial system. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative approach is used to identify risk factors related to the use of new financial innovations, by examining how over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives contributed to the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) which occurred during 2007 and 2008. Based on this analysis, the potential for similar concerns with smart contracts are evaluated, drawing on the failure of The DAO on the Ethereum blockchain, which involved the loss …


Learning Adl Daily Routines With Spatiotemporal Neural Networks, Shan Gao, Ah-Hwee Tan, Rossi Setchi Jan 2021

Learning Adl Daily Routines With Spatiotemporal Neural Networks, Shan Gao, Ah-Hwee Tan, Rossi Setchi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The activities of daily living (ADLs) refer to the activities performed by individuals on a daily basis and are the indicators of a person’s habits, lifestyle, and wellbeing. Learning an individual’s ADL daily routines has significant value in the healthcare domain. Specifically, ADL recognition and inter-ADL pattern learning problems have been studied extensively in the past couple of decades. However, discovering the patterns performed in a day and clustering them into ADL daily routines has been a relatively unexplored research area. In this paper, a self-organizing neural network model, called the Spatiotemporal ADL Adaptive Resonance Theory (STADLART), is proposed for …


A Continual Deepfake Detection Benchmark: Dataset, Methods, And Essentials, Chuqiao Li, Zhiwu Huang, Danda Pani Paudel, Yabin Wang, Mohamad Shahbazi, Xiaopeng Hong, Van Gool Luc Jan 2021

A Continual Deepfake Detection Benchmark: Dataset, Methods, And Essentials, Chuqiao Li, Zhiwu Huang, Danda Pani Paudel, Yabin Wang, Mohamad Shahbazi, Xiaopeng Hong, Van Gool Luc

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

There have been emerging a number of benchmarks and techniques for the detection of deepfakes. However, very few works study the detection of incrementally appearing deepfakes in the real-world scenarios. To simulate the wild scenes, this paper suggests a continual deepfake detection benchmark (CDDB) over a new collection of deepfakes from both known and unknown generative models. The suggested CDDB designs multiple evaluations on the detection over easy, hard, and long sequence of deepfake tasks, with a set of appropriate measures. In addition, we exploit multiple approaches to adapt multiclass incremental learning methods, commonly used in the continual visual recognition, …


Enabling Efficient Spatial Keyword Queries On Encrypted Data With Strong Security Guarantees, Xiangyu Wang, Jianfeng Ma, Feng Li, Ximeng Liu, Yinbin Miao, Robert H. Deng Jan 2021

Enabling Efficient Spatial Keyword Queries On Encrypted Data With Strong Security Guarantees, Xiangyu Wang, Jianfeng Ma, Feng Li, Ximeng Liu, Yinbin Miao, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Structured Encryption (STE), which allows a server to provide secure search services on encrypted data structures, has been widely investigated in recent years. To meet expressive search requirements in practical applications, a large number of STE constructions have been proposed either on textual keywords or spatial data. However, STE on spatio-textual data, which are widely used in location-based services, has not been fully investigated. In this paper, we formally define the notion of Spatial Keyword Structured Encryption (SKSE) and propose several concrete SKSE constructions with various efficiencysecurity trade-offs. Firstly, we propose a basic construction with linear search complexity, which only …


Mobile Commerce, Crowd Commerce, And Stage Models: Reviewing And Expanding On Tp Liang’S Research, Sihua Chen, Mikko Siponen, Wael Soliman, Cao Xin, Keng Siau Jan 2021

Mobile Commerce, Crowd Commerce, And Stage Models: Reviewing And Expanding On Tp Liang’S Research, Sihua Chen, Mikko Siponen, Wael Soliman, Cao Xin, Keng Siau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we review a few key themes of Ting-Peng (TP) Liang’s research. We first discuss some of his major contributions to information systems (IS) in the areas of electronic commerce, mobile commerce, and crowd commerce. Future research directions for these three themes are also discussed in the paper. TP Liang is also an early proponent of stage models although this stream of research has yet to receive the importance it deserves in the IS community. Previous seminal theoretical accounts in IS have generally separated variance and process models, the latter is useful in modeling changes in the explanatory …


Three Stages Of Consumers’ Multi-Stage Dichotomic Switching Process: Pre-Switch, Switch, And Post-Switch, Jussi Nykanen, Virpi K. Tuunainen, Tuure Tuunanen, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah Jan 2021

Three Stages Of Consumers’ Multi-Stage Dichotomic Switching Process: Pre-Switch, Switch, And Post-Switch, Jussi Nykanen, Virpi K. Tuunainen, Tuure Tuunanen, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This research examines why and how consumers switch their mobile phones. We propose a framework that is grounded on decision-making and motivational theories and draws on the findings from a multinational qualitative survey on consumers’ mobile phone switching process. We show that consumers’ pre-switching decisions are affected by push and pull factors, their mobile phone selections are based on utilitarian or hedonic values, and their justifications for switching are based on cognition or affect. Furthermore, we identify two archetypical routes (i.e., cognitive and affective routes) and three conjoint routes that explain the dichotomic switching processes in pre-switch, switch, and post-switch …


Information Technology Service Continuity Practices In Disadvantaged Business Enterprises, Allen Edward Raub Jan 2021

Information Technology Service Continuity Practices In Disadvantaged Business Enterprises, Allen Edward Raub

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Disadvantaged business enterprises (DBEs) not using cloud solutions to ensure information technology (IT) service continuity may not withstand the impacts of IT disruption caused by human-made and natural disasters. The loss of critical IT resources leads to business closure and a resource loss for the community, employees, and families. Grounded in the technology acceptance model, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies IT leaders in DBEs use to implement cloud solutions to minimize IT disruption. Participants included 16 IT leaders in DBEs in the U.S. state of Maryland. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews and …


Mitigating It Security Risk In United States Healthcare: A Qualitative Examination Of Best Practices, Joann Hemann Jan 2021

Mitigating It Security Risk In United States Healthcare: A Qualitative Examination Of Best Practices, Joann Hemann

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractCyberattacks are ranked as third in the top 10 highest global threats in terms of likelihood, ranked after extreme weather events and natural disasters. Traditional technology risk management plans for preventative, detective, and recovery measures have failed to mitigate cybersecurity risks created by new technologies. The social problem addressed was the impact of cybercrime to the healthcare industry. The purpose of this qualitative classical Delphi study was to determine how a panel of 25 healthcare cybersecurity experts, based in the United States, viewed the desirability, feasibility, and importance of information technology (IT) cybersecurity risk mitigation techniques. The conceptual framework selected …


Security Strategies Information Technology Security Mangers Use In Deploying Blockchain Applications, Prince Nana Yaw Gyedu Nkrumah Jan 2021

Security Strategies Information Technology Security Mangers Use In Deploying Blockchain Applications, Prince Nana Yaw Gyedu Nkrumah

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Blockchain is seen as a potential game-changer in many industries and a transformational technology in the 21st century. However, security concerns have made blockchain technology adoption relatively slow. Massive security breaches in cryptocurrency, an example of blockchain technology, have caused organizations to lose $11.3 billion in illegal transactions, exacerbating these security concerns for information technology (IT) security managers who are worried about the safety of blockchain. Grounded in the routine activity theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies used by IT security managers to deploy blockchain applications securely. The participants were 4 IT security managers …


Enhancing Employee Engagement To Improve Financial Performance, Christine Lamacchia Jan 2021

Enhancing Employee Engagement To Improve Financial Performance, Christine Lamacchia

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Business leaders are negatively affected when many employees are not engaged in their jobs. Business leaders who struggle to achieve employee engagement suffer decreased profitability, sales, employee retention, and customer satisfaction. Grounded in employee engagement theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies IT business leaders use to engage employees. The participants were five IT business leaders who successfully developed strategies to engage employees. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, company documents, and artifacts. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Two themes emerged: creating a company culture conducive to employee engagement and using …


Implementation Strategies For Modeling And Simulation In Military Organizations, Cody Lynn Taylor Jan 2021

Implementation Strategies For Modeling And Simulation In Military Organizations, Cody Lynn Taylor

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some IT project managers working for U.S. military organizations are struggling to implement modern modeling and simulation (M&S) technology. Implementation strategies are needed to help IT practitioners deliver meaningful simulations and models that ultimately help senior leaders make logical and science-based decisions. Grounded in the extended technology acceptance model, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore strategies some IT project managers supporting U.S. military organizations use to implement modern M&S technology. The participants included 10 civil servants who successfully implemented modeling and simulation technology for military organizations located in the United States eastern region. Data was collected …


Mobile Network Infrastructure Security In Developing Countries – A Kenya Case Study, James M. Omanwa Jan 2021

Mobile Network Infrastructure Security In Developing Countries – A Kenya Case Study, James M. Omanwa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The usage of mobile network infrastructure to access internet resources for organizations is getting higher year by year in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there was an increase in malicious attacks on mobile networks and devices accessing mobile network infrastructure, targeting organizations’ private information. Grounded in Bandura’s social cognitive theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies security managers used to secure mobile network infrastructures from cyberattacks. Participants comprised four security managers in Kenya in two major cities who successfully implemented strategies to mitigate cyberattacks on the mobile network infrastructures. Data were gathered from video conference, face-to-face, semi-structured …


Knowledge Workers’ Daily Experiences With Technostress And Presenteeism: A Single Case Study, Teresa Himes Mcgovern Jan 2021

Knowledge Workers’ Daily Experiences With Technostress And Presenteeism: A Single Case Study, Teresa Himes Mcgovern

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite the prominence of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)-enabled technostress in organizations, there is a gap in the literature on how knowledge workers cope with technostress, and managers know little about the interface of ICT-induced presenteeism on employee productivity. The overarching research question was developed to address the purpose of this qualitative single case study with embedded units, which was to understand the perceptions of knowledge workers on the interface of technostress and ICT-induced presenteeism on their work productivity. This study was framed by the concept of presenteeism developed by Lohaus and Habermann within their comprehensive presenteeism model, a decision-integrated …


Characteristics Of Authentic Entrepreneurial Leadership Within Information Technology Startups In Kenya, Christine Mukhwana Jan 2021

Characteristics Of Authentic Entrepreneurial Leadership Within Information Technology Startups In Kenya, Christine Mukhwana

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In Kenya, over 60% of nascent entrepreneurs start businesses with minimal leadership experience, engendering founder-CEOs who cannot sustain a business beyond its formative years. The problem is the nascent entrepreneurs’ lack of understanding of effective leadership. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to develop a more nuanced understanding of authentic leadership behavior from the perspective of nascent entrepreneurs. Authentic leadership theory and the three-factor model were used to conceptualize the study. The research question focused on nascent entrepreneurs’ lived experiences and understanding of authentic leadership. The participants in the study were entrepreneurs from the information technology industry in …


Meaningful Use Criteria And Staff Accountability In An Office Setting, Marcia Ionie Pender Jan 2021

Meaningful Use Criteria And Staff Accountability In An Office Setting, Marcia Ionie Pender

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Proper documentation for meaningful use (MU) criteria within electronic health records (EHRs) was identified as an issue for office staff at a local primary care office in a metropolitan area of Central Florida. The project question addressed the local gap in knowledge about MU standards necessary to ensure correct documentation of EHRs. The purpose of this doctoral project was to provide an educational program for staff to ensure compliance with the HITECH Act of 2009. Lewin’s Change Theory and Knowles Theory of Adult learning were the conceptual foundations for the educational program. The project question was to determine whether a …


Strategies For Applying Electronic Health Records To Improve Patient Care And Increase Profitability, Fritzgerald Paul Jan 2021

Strategies For Applying Electronic Health Records To Improve Patient Care And Increase Profitability, Fritzgerald Paul

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractIneffective strategies to implement electronic health record keeping systems can negatively impact patient care and increase expenses. Hospital administrators and primary care physicians care about this problem because they would be penalized for not meeting meaningful use guidelines. Grounded in the information systems success model, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore electronic health record (EHR) implementation strategies primary care physicians use to improve patient care and increase profitability. The participants comprised five primary care physicians involved in the effective implementation of an EHR application in the central coast region of California. Data were collected from …


Strategies To Monitor And Deter Cyberloafing In Small Businesses: A Case Study, Veronica Pugh Dooly Jan 2021

Strategies To Monitor And Deter Cyberloafing In Small Businesses: A Case Study, Veronica Pugh Dooly

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some information technology (IT) managers working for small businesses are struggling to monitor and deter cyberloafing. Strategies are needed to help IT practitioners to discourage cyberloafing and improve productivity while maintaining employee satisfaction. Grounded in adaptive structuration theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple-case study was to explore strategies some small business IT managers use to monitor and deter cyberloafing. The participants were nine IT managers who successfully implemented cyberloafing monitoring and deterrence strategies in the United States. Data were collected via semistructured interviews and organization employee policy handbooks (n = 4) provided by the participants. Data were analyzed using …


Strategies For Integrating The Internet Of Things In Educational Institutions, Anthony Kofi Harvey Jan 2021

Strategies For Integrating The Internet Of Things In Educational Institutions, Anthony Kofi Harvey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The introduction of the Internet of Things (IoT) into educational institutions has necessitated the integration of IoT devices in the information technology (IT) infrastructural environment of educational institutions. Many IT leaders at educational institutions, however, lack strategies for integrating and deploying IoT devices in their institutions, which has resulted in numerous security breaches. The purpose of this study was to explore security strategies adopted by IT administrators to prevent data breaches resulting from the integration of IoT devices in their educational institutions. The diffusion of innovations theory served as the conceptual framework for this qualitative multiple case study. Eleven IT …


Consumers Perspectives On Using Biometric Technology With Mobile Banking, Rodney Alston Clark Jan 2021

Consumers Perspectives On Using Biometric Technology With Mobile Banking, Rodney Alston Clark

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The need for applying biometric technology in mobile banking is increasing due to emerging security issues, and many banks’ chief executive officers have integrated biometric solutions into their mobile application protocols to address these evolving security risks. This quantitative study was performed to evaluate how the opinions and beliefs of banking customers in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States might influence their adoption of mobile banking applications that included biometric technology. The research question was designed to explore how performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), perceived credibility (PC), and task-technology fit (TTF) affected …


Cyberattacks Strategy For Nonprofit Organizations, Yawo Obimpe Kondo Jan 2021

Cyberattacks Strategy For Nonprofit Organizations, Yawo Obimpe Kondo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information system security managers (ISSM) in nonprofits face increased cyberattack cases because nonprofits often use basic technology to save on costs. Nonprofit owners and managers need solutions to secure their data from cyberattacks. Grounded in the general systems theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies ISSMs at nonprofit organizations employ to protect against cyberattacks. Participants included five IT managers and directors of information technology in charge of security management in nonprofit organizations in Maryland, the District of Columbia, and Virginia. Data was generated through interviews and reviews of archival documents. The data analysis technique …


Successful Strategies For Adopting Open-Source Software, Balla Barro Jan 2021

Successful Strategies For Adopting Open-Source Software, Balla Barro

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Middle-level information systems managers (ISMs) in small-scale organizations often have challenges in determining the most appropriate strategy for adopting open-source software (OSS) in their organizations. The ISMs need to determine the right strategy for adopting OSS to protect the organizations’ information technology infrastructure. Grounded in the diffusion of innovation theory, the objective of this multiple case study was to explore strategies middle-level ISMs used to adopt OSS in their small-scale organizations. Six middle-level ISMs from three small-scale organizations with experience of not less than six years in OSS adoption strategy in the city of Frederick, Maryland, shared their strategies during …


Factors Affecting The Productivity And Satisfaction Of Virtual Workers, Teresa Peoples Jan 2021

Factors Affecting The Productivity And Satisfaction Of Virtual Workers, Teresa Peoples

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Advancements in technology have ushered in new digital enterprises, shifting the trend from a conventional workforce to a virtual workforce and giving rise to new challenges for managers. However, the factors affecting virtual worker productivity and job satisfaction are not well known. The purpose of this study was to identify these factors and determine what managers can do to enhance them. The theoretical foundation for this study included sociotechnical theory and content theory as they relate to the motivation and communication needs of the virtual workforce. This qualitative phenomenological study was an exploration of factors that affect virtual workers' productivity …


Maritime Cybersecurity Strategies For Information Technology Specialists, Angela Mizelle Griffin Jan 2021

Maritime Cybersecurity Strategies For Information Technology Specialists, Angela Mizelle Griffin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Dependence on digital technology increases cyber-related risks for maritime industries. As a result, the U.S. Coast Guard network is challenged with maritime cybersecurity, both economically and for national security. Grounded in the general systems theory, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies information technology (IT) specialists use to implement standard practices for ensuring cyber security. The participants included six IT specialists who have successfully implemented standard practices for maritime organizations in Virginia and West Virginia. Data were collected from individual semistructured interviews and a review of 12 external organizational documents available to the public from IT …


Identifying Football Conflict Using Soft-Set Theory In Indonesia Super League, Kukuh Wahyudin Pratama Jan 2021

Identifying Football Conflict Using Soft-Set Theory In Indonesia Super League, Kukuh Wahyudin Pratama

Student Works (2020-2029)

There are several mathematical formal models that handle conflict situations and the most popular one is a rough set theory. With the ability to handle vagueness from the conflict data set, rough set theory has been successfully used in many research. This research used an alternative approach as a method to handle conflict situation in Indonesia Super League. This method was implemented on the respondents or agents who were involved with football club management, match inspector, organizing committee, referees, supporters and players. The novelty of the proposed approach is discussed in rough set theory that include decision rules. It is …


Attribute-Aware Pedestrian Detection In A Crowd, Jialiang Zhang, Lixiang Lin, Jianke Zhu, Yang Li, Yun-Chen Chen, Yao Hu, Steven C. H. Hoi Jan 2021

Attribute-Aware Pedestrian Detection In A Crowd, Jialiang Zhang, Lixiang Lin, Jianke Zhu, Yang Li, Yun-Chen Chen, Yao Hu, Steven C. H. Hoi

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Pedestrian detection is an initial step to perform outdoor scene analysis, which plays an essential role in many real-world applications. Although having enjoyed the merits of deep learning frameworks from the generic object detectors, pedestrian detection is still a very challenging task due to heavy occlusions, and highly crowded group. Generally, the conventional detectors are unable to differentiate individuals from each other effectively under such a dense environment. To tackle this critical problem, we propose an attribute-aware pedestrian detector to explicitly model people's semantic attributes in a high-level feature detection fashion. Besides the typical semantic features, center position, target's scale, …


Unsupervised Representation Learning By Predicting Random Distances, Hu Wang, Guansong Pang, Chunhua Shen, Congbo Ma Jan 2021

Unsupervised Representation Learning By Predicting Random Distances, Hu Wang, Guansong Pang, Chunhua Shen, Congbo Ma

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Deep neural networks have gained great success in a broad range of tasks due to its remarkable capability to learn semantically rich features from high-dimensional data. However, they often require large-scale labelled data to successfully learn such features, which significantly hinders their adaption in unsupervised learning tasks, such as anomaly detection and clustering, and limits their applications to critical domains where obtaining massive labelled data is prohibitively expensive. To enable unsupervised learning on those domains, in this work we propose to learn features without using any labelled data by training neural networks to predict data distances in a randomly projected …


The Value Of Humanization In Customer Service, Yang Gao, Huaxia Rui, Shujing Sun Jan 2021

The Value Of Humanization In Customer Service, Yang Gao, Huaxia Rui, Shujing Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

As algorithm-based agents become increasingly capable of handling customer service queries, customers are often uncertain whether they are served by humans or algorithms, and managers are left to question the value of human agents once the technology matures. The current paper studies this question by quantifying the impact of customers' enhanced perception of being served by human agents on customer service interactions. Our identification strategy hinges on the abrupt implementation by Southwest Airlines of a signature policy, which requires the inclusion of an agent's first name in responses on Twitter, thereby making the agent more humanized in the eyes of …


Chronic Customers Or Increased Awareness? The Dynamics Of Social Media Customer Service, Shujing Sun, Yang Gao, Huaxia Rui Jan 2021

Chronic Customers Or Increased Awareness? The Dynamics Of Social Media Customer Service, Shujing Sun, Yang Gao, Huaxia Rui

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Despite that social media has become a promising alternative to traditional call centers, managers hesitate to fully harness its power because they worry that active service intervention may encourage excessive use of the channel by disgruntled customers. This paper sheds light on such a concern by examining the dynamics between brand-level customer complaints and service interventions on social media. Using details of customer-brand interactions of 40 airlines on Twitter, we find that more service interventions indeed cause more customer complaints, accounting for the online customer population and service quality. However, the increased complaints are primarily driven by the awareness enhancement …


Drone-Assisted Emergency Communications, Di Wu Dec 2020

Drone-Assisted Emergency Communications, Di Wu

Dissertations

Drone-mounted base stations (DBSs) have been proposed to extend coverage and improve communications between mobile users (MUs) and their corresponding macro base stations (MBSs). Different from the base stations on the ground, DBSs can flexibly fly over and close to MUs to establish a better vantage for communications. Thus, the pathloss between a DBS and an MU can be much smaller than that between the MU and MBS. In addition, by hovering in the air, the DBS can likely establish a Line-of-Sight link to the MBS. DBSs can be leveraged to recover communications in a large natural disaster struck area …