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2021

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Articles 61 - 69 of 69

Full-Text Articles in Other Chemistry

Physical Characteristics And Microphysical Processing Of Atmospheric Aerosol In Rural And Urban New York State, Joseph Marto Jan 2021

Physical Characteristics And Microphysical Processing Of Atmospheric Aerosol In Rural And Urban New York State, Joseph Marto

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Atmospheric aerosol has profound impacts on air quality, though particles of differing sizes can have profoundly different characteristics which are understated when measurements are reported as a single parameter (typically number concentration or total mass). To address some of these concerns and to better understand the nature of atmospheric aerosol, continuous particle size distributions have been measured at two sites in New York State. Measurement was performed for particle diameters between 7.6nm - 20µm at Pinnacle State Park (Addison, New York; March 2017-April 2018) and Queens College (May 2018-September 2019) at a 5-minute time resolution. At Pinnacle State Park, aerosol …

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Enhanced Electrochemical And Light-Driven Co2 Reduction By Incoporating Pendant Functionality In The Second-Coordination Sphere Of Molecular Catalysts, Sayontani Sinha Roy Jan 2021

Enhanced Electrochemical And Light-Driven Co2 Reduction By Incoporating Pendant Functionality In The Second-Coordination Sphere Of Molecular Catalysts, Sayontani Sinha Roy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the increase in global population and rapid industrialization, a gigantic amount of greenhouse gases is being released into the atmosphere each year. The catastrophic effect of these accumulated greenhouse gases is driving global climate change and adversely impacting our ecosystem. Popularizing the traditional renewable energy sources (such as solar and wind energy) can mitigate the problem by cutting down anthropogenic CO2 emissions, which is the major contributor to this global problem. However, the intermittent nature of these energy sources is problematic to reliably power society throughout the year. Therefore, converting CO2 to various value-added chemicals with the aid of …

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Advancements Toward Sustainable Solar Fuel Production Utilizing Reductive Homogeneous Electro- And Photocatalysis, Hunter Pratt Shirley Jan 2021

Advancements Toward Sustainable Solar Fuel Production Utilizing Reductive Homogeneous Electro- And Photocatalysis, Hunter Pratt Shirley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Molecular CO2 and H+ reductive catalysts, whether they be electro- or photocatalytic, have been shown to be possible routes of harnessing solar energy in a clean, renewable manner. There are few electrocatalysts operating at reasonable overpotentials to prove useful in artificial photosynthetic systems, and there are a number of environmental factors within these systems that have yet to be evaluated. Photo-driven catalysis is rare, difficult to control, and rarely provides high-value CO2 reduction products. I report herein an exceptionally low overpotential H+ reduction catalyst, a method of modulating electrocatalysts in-situ to improve performance, a first-of-its-kind mononuclear proton reduction photocatalyst, a …

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Peroxo Species Formed In The Bulk Of Silicate Cathodes, Zhenlian Chen, Bjoern Schwartz, Xianhui Zhang, Wenqiang Du, Lirong Zheng, Ailing Tian, Ying Zhang, Zhiyong Zhang, Xiao Cheng Zeng, Zhifeng Zhang, Liyuan Huai, Jinlei Wu, Helmut Ehrenberg, Deyu Wang, Jun Li Jan 2021

Peroxo Species Formed In The Bulk Of Silicate Cathodes, Zhenlian Chen, Bjoern Schwartz, Xianhui Zhang, Wenqiang Du, Lirong Zheng, Ailing Tian, Ying Zhang, Zhiyong Zhang, Xiao Cheng Zeng, Zhifeng Zhang, Liyuan Huai, Jinlei Wu, Helmut Ehrenberg, Deyu Wang, Jun Li

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Oxygen redox in Li-rich oxides may boost the energy density of lithium-ion batteries by incorporating oxygen chemistry in solid cathodes. However, oxygen redox in the bulk usually entangles with voltage hysteresis and oxygen release, resulting in a prolonged controversy in literature on oxygen transformation. Here, we report spectroscopic evidence of peroxo species formed and confined in silicate cathodes amid oxygen redox at high voltage, accompanied by Co2+/Co3+ redox dominant at low voltage. First-principles calculations reveal that localized electrons on dangling oxygen drive the OO dimerization. The covalence between the binding cation and the O-O dimer determines the degree of electron …

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Dynamic Manipulation Of Droplets Using Mechanically Tunable Microtextured Chemical Gradients, Ali J. Mazaltarim, John J. Bowen, Jay M. Taylor, Stephen Morin Jan 2021

Dynamic Manipulation Of Droplets Using Mechanically Tunable Microtextured Chemical Gradients, Ali J. Mazaltarim, John J. Bowen, Jay M. Taylor, Stephen Morin

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Materials and strategies applicable to the dynamic transport of microdroplets are relevant to surface fluidics, self-cleaning materials, thermal management systems, and analytical devices. Techniques based on electrowetting, topographic micropatterns, and thermal/chemical gradients have advanced considerably, but dynamic microdroplet transport remains a challenge. This manuscript reports the fabrication of mechano-tunable, microtextured chemical gradients on elastomer films and their use in controlled microdroplet transport. Specifically, discreet mechanical deformations of these films enabled dynamic tuning of the microtextures and thus transport along surface-chemical gradients. The interplay between the driving force of the chemical gradient and the microtopography was characterized, facilitating accurate prediction of …

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Transcriptional Repressor Protein Based Macrolide Biosensor Development With Improved Sensitivity, Jayani A. Christopher Jan 2021

Transcriptional Repressor Protein Based Macrolide Biosensor Development With Improved Sensitivity, Jayani A. Christopher

Graduate Research Posters

Macrolide antibiotics are in high demand for clinical applications. Macrolides are biosynthesized via giant assembly line polyketide synthases (PKS) which are arranged in a modular fashion. Combinatorial biosynthetic methods have been used to produce diversified macrolides by reprograming these modules and modifying tailoring enzymes required for post synthetic modifications. However it is challenging due to the size and complexity of PKSs. To overcome this challenge, new enzymes for macrolide diversification could be obtained by directed evolution where a large number of enzyme variants need to be screened. Therefore it is important to develop high throughput screening methods to identify the …

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A Determination Of The Aerosolization Efficiency Of Drugs Of Abuse In A Eutectic Mixture With Nicotine In Electronic Cigarettes, Laerissa Reveil Jan 2021

A Determination Of The Aerosolization Efficiency Of Drugs Of Abuse In A Eutectic Mixture With Nicotine In Electronic Cigarettes, Laerissa Reveil

Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) were originally advertised as an alternative nicotine delivery system to facilitate smoking cessation. However, their popularity for recreational use has increased due to focuses on their trendiness, convenience, and discreteness along with concerns for its use to consume drugs other than nicotine (DOTN). With the adulteration of e-liquids, usually containing nicotine, with other substances, a greater understanding on how DOTN interact with the e-liquid constituents and how they are delivered to the user is necessary. E-liquids were prepared with 50:50 propylene glycol:vegetable glycerin, pure nicotine, pure methadone hydrochloride, and 1:1 methadone hydrochloride:nicotine and aerosolized via an automated …

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Characterizing The Presence Of Edta In Blood Samples, Alexandra Wright Jan 2021

Characterizing The Presence Of Edta In Blood Samples, Alexandra Wright

Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects

Blood is often a type of evidence found at crime scenes. There has been a long history of criminal cases involving blood evidence samples that were allegedly planted at the scene by a third party. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, or EDTA, is an anticoagulant that is not naturally occurring in blood samples; it chelates to ions in blood to prevent clotting. If present in a blood evidence sample, it could be indicative that the blood sample may have been planted at the crime scene to implicate a suspect. EDTA is also reported to modify clothing and exist in detergents, to allow dyes …

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Detection Of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Using A Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Air Cassette Filter, Andrea I. Ferrer Vega Jan 2021

Detection Of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Using A Colorimetric Gold Nanoparticle Air Cassette Filter, Andrea I. Ferrer Vega

Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects

Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is an explosive commonly used during military and terrorist activities. Current methods to identify this compound require sampling, transport and analysis at a forensic lab using analytical instrumentation. However, on-site detection is needed to assist efforts to prevent detonation. Gold nanoparticles have been used as sensors throughout the years due to their versatility and surface enhanced Raman scattering properties in the presence of an analyte and low limits of detection. By taking advantage of the Meisenheimer complex that TNT forms in the presence of amines, it is possible to determine its presence at picogram levels. Subsequently, adhering amine …

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