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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Environmental Chemistry
Sulfur Dioxide Uptake And Oxidation In Sea-Salt Aerosol, William Hoppel, Louise Pasternack, Peter F. Caffrey, Glendon Frick, James Fitzgerald, Dean A. Hegg, Song Gao, John Ambrusko, Thomas Albrechcinski
Sulfur Dioxide Uptake And Oxidation In Sea-Salt Aerosol, William Hoppel, Louise Pasternack, Peter F. Caffrey, Glendon Frick, James Fitzgerald, Dean A. Hegg, Song Gao, John Ambrusko, Thomas Albrechcinski
Chemistry and Physics Faculty Articles
Measurements of SO2 and O3 uptake by sea-salt and NaCl aerosol were made in a 600 m3environmental chamber by measuring the rate of SO2 and O3 depletion during nebulization of seawater and NaCl solutions. The experiments were carried out with starting relative humidity between 80% and 92%, with SO2 concentrations between 35 and 60 ppb, and ozone concentrations between O and 110 ppb. For NaCl, no SO2 or O3uptake was observed. For sea-salt aerosol, uptake in the range of 0.21 and 1.2 millimoles of S per liter of (nebulized) seawater …
Particle Formation And Growth From Ozonolysis Of Α-Pinene, William Hoppel, James Fitzgerald, Glendon Frick, Peter F. Caffrey, Louise Pasternack, Dean A. Hegg, Song Gao, W. Richard Leaitch, Nicole Shantz, Chris Cantrell, Thomas Albrechcinski, John Ambrusko, William Sullivan
Particle Formation And Growth From Ozonolysis Of Α-Pinene, William Hoppel, James Fitzgerald, Glendon Frick, Peter F. Caffrey, Louise Pasternack, Dean A. Hegg, Song Gao, W. Richard Leaitch, Nicole Shantz, Chris Cantrell, Thomas Albrechcinski, John Ambrusko, William Sullivan
Chemistry and Physics Faculty Articles
Observations of particle nucleation and growth during ozonolysis of α-pinene were carried out in Calspan's 600 m3 environmental chamber utilizing relatively low concentrations of α-pinene (15 ppb) and ozone (100 ppb). Model simulations with a comprehensive sectional aerosol model which incorporated the relevant gas-phase chemistry show that the observed evolution of the size distribution could be simulated within the accuracy of the experiment by assuming only one condensable product produced with a molar yield of 5% to 6% and a saturation vapor pressure (SVP) of about 0.01 ppb or less. While only one component was required to simulate the …
In-Cloud Oxidation Of So2 By O3 And H2o2: Cloud Chamber Measurements And Modeling Of Particle Growth, Peter F. Caffrey, William Hoppel, Glendon Frick, Louise Pasternack, James Fitzgerald, Dean A. Hegg, Song Gao, W. R. Leaitch, Nicole Shantz, Thomas Albrechcinski, John Ambrusko
In-Cloud Oxidation Of So2 By O3 And H2o2: Cloud Chamber Measurements And Modeling Of Particle Growth, Peter F. Caffrey, William Hoppel, Glendon Frick, Louise Pasternack, James Fitzgerald, Dean A. Hegg, Song Gao, W. R. Leaitch, Nicole Shantz, Thomas Albrechcinski, John Ambrusko
Chemistry and Physics Faculty Articles
Controlled cloud chamber experiments were conducted to measure particle growth resulting from the oxidation of SO2 by O3 and H2O2 in cloud droplets formed on sulfuric acid seed aerosol. Clouds were formed in a 590 m3 environmental chamber with total liquid water contents ranging from 0.3–0.6 g m−3 and reactant gas concentrations <10 ppbv for SO2 and H2O2 and <70 ppbv for O3. Aerosol growth was measured by comparison of differential mobility analyzer size distributions before and after each 3–4 min cloud cycle. Predictions of aerosol growth were then made with a full microphysical cloud …
Experimental And Modeling Studies Of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation And Some Applications To The Marine Boundary Layer, Song Gao, Dean A. Hegg, Glendon Frick, Peter F. Caffrey, Louise Pasternack, Chris Cantrell, William Sullivan, John Ambrusko, Thomas Albrechcinski, Thomas W. Kirchstetter
Experimental And Modeling Studies Of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation And Some Applications To The Marine Boundary Layer, Song Gao, Dean A. Hegg, Glendon Frick, Peter F. Caffrey, Louise Pasternack, Chris Cantrell, William Sullivan, John Ambrusko, Thomas Albrechcinski, Thomas W. Kirchstetter
Chemistry and Physics Faculty Articles
A series of controlled experiments were carried out in the Calspan Corporation's 600 m3environmental chamber to study some secondary organic aerosol formation processes. Three precursor-ozone systems were studied: cyclopentene-ozone, cyclohexene-ozone, and α-pineneozone. Additionally, SO2 was added to the initial gas mixture in several instances and was likely present at trace levels in the ostensibly organic-only experiments. It was found that all three systems readily formed new submicron aerosols at very low reactant levels. The chemical composition of formed aerosols was consistent with some previous studies, but the yields of organic products were found to be lower in …
Dissolution Of Chromium From Inhalable Primer Paint Particles Into A Simulated Lung Fluid, David A. Kauth
Dissolution Of Chromium From Inhalable Primer Paint Particles Into A Simulated Lung Fluid, David A. Kauth
Theses and Dissertations
The use of chromate as a corrosion inhibitor in primer paint is an essential component for the protection of aluminum-skinned aircraft and the primary source of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) exposure to USAF aircraft painters. The objective of this research was to quantify the dissolution of chromate from freshly sprayed paint particles into a simulated lung fluid (SLF). Two primer paints were sprayed with a paint spray gun to generate overspray particles for collection into impingers filled with SLF. Particles were allowed to soak in SLF for 24 and 48 hours and then the particles were removed by centrifugation. The …
Optimization Of Palladium-Catalyzed In Situ Destruction Of Trichloroethylene-Contaminated Groundwater Using A Genetic Algorithm, Manuel Fernandez
Optimization Of Palladium-Catalyzed In Situ Destruction Of Trichloroethylene-Contaminated Groundwater Using A Genetic Algorithm, Manuel Fernandez
Theses and Dissertations
Conventional technologies for the treatment of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated solvents have limitations that have motivated development of innovative technologies. One such technology currently under development involves using palladium-on-alumina (Pd/Al) as a catalyst to promote dechlorination. Pd/Al catalyst may be used in-well as part of a re-circulating horizontal flow treatment well (HFTW) system. An HFTW system involves two or more dual-screened wells, with in-well reactors, to capture and treat contaminated groundwater without the need to pump the water to the surface. In this study, objective and fitness functions, based on system costs and TCE concentration requirements, were developed to optimize …
Use Of Py-Gc/Ms Analysis Techniques In Animal Waste Management: A Preliminary Survey Of Dairy Manures, Daniel L. Vaughn, Michael A. Kruge
Use Of Py-Gc/Ms Analysis Techniques In Animal Waste Management: A Preliminary Survey Of Dairy Manures, Daniel L. Vaughn, Michael A. Kruge
Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The increasing practice of industrial-scale agriculture tends to concentrate large masses of animal waste in relatively compact areas, potentially leading to excessive release of polluting nutrients into waterways during major storms. Anaerobic treatment conditions are generally favored to conserve nitrate N as an agricultural commodity. However, overall N contents in waste are often in excess of crop fertilization needs: storing excess N in soluble nitrate form increases pollution potential. Thus the perceived needs of agriculture and society-at-large become at odds. Organic nitrogen forms (e.g., proteins) are more environmentally stable and are less subject to unintentional release. Although U.S. farmers tend …
Empirical Model For The Variarion In Concentration Of Metal Ions During A Precipitation Event, David M. Chittenden Ii, Julie D. Chittenden
Empirical Model For The Variarion In Concentration Of Metal Ions During A Precipitation Event, David M. Chittenden Ii, Julie D. Chittenden
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The concentration of a pollutant in an air mass and the concentration of that pollutant in a series of rain water samples from a single event within that air mass, fluctuate during the course of the event. This the result of scavenging, diffusion, and advection processes. A simple mathematical model, containing only a scavenging term has had limited success in describing changes of concentration in rain water. To date, no attempt has been made to include diffusion or advection terms in the model. In this study, a two factor model was developed after determining that (1) the exponential scavenging term …
Moisture Determination By Thermal Titrimetry Using The Enthalpy Of Reaction Of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane With Water, Edmond W. Wilson Jr., Reagan Baber
Moisture Determination By Thermal Titrimetry Using The Enthalpy Of Reaction Of 2,2-Dimethoxypropane With Water, Edmond W. Wilson Jr., Reagan Baber
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Assays for water content can be readily and simply carried out using the technique of thermal titrations. The method is based on measuring the endothermic heat of reaction exhibited when 2,2-dimethoxypropane is brought into contact with water in the presence of an acid catalyst. The apparatus is simple, requiring a constant delivery rate buret, a recording thermistor thermometer, and a stirred, thermally insulated reaction container. The 2,2-dimethoxypropane reagent used for the water assays is environmentally friendly ("green"). It is stable, pleasant smelling and economical. Working curves in three solvents, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane, show excellent precision and linearity with increasing …
The Coupling Of Biotechnology With Electrochemistry: Electrodenitrification Of Water Using The Enzyme Nitrate Reductase, Cyril Geyer
Dissertations and Theses @ UNI
Nitrate is a worldwide contaminant that causes environmental (eutrophication) and human health (methemoglobinemia, cancers) concerns. Very few techniques are available to eliminate it from natural environment and they suffer from major drawbacks, such as production of unwanted byproducts (toxins or brine). The electrochemical reduction of nitrate on any electrode is relatively slow and catalysts or electron mediators are needed. The goal of this project was to develop a new process that could overcome these disadvantages. The project demonstrates the feasibility of using an enzyme, nitrate reductase, and a mediator, methyl viologen to transfer the electrons from the electrode to nitrate, …
Motorcycle Emissions System (Presentation), Donald H. Stedman
Motorcycle Emissions System (Presentation), Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Chicago Area: Year 4, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Chicago Area: Year 4, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
Fuel-Based On-Road Motor Vehicle Emissions Inventory For The Denver Metropolitan Area, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel-Based On-Road Motor Vehicle Emissions Inventory For The Denver Metropolitan Area, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Los Angeles Area: Year 2, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Los Angeles Area: Year 2, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
Interpreting Remote Sensing Nox Measurements (Presentation), Robert Slott, Donald H. Stedman, Sajal S. Pokharel
Interpreting Remote Sensing Nox Measurements (Presentation), Robert Slott, Donald H. Stedman, Sajal S. Pokharel
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Denver Area: Year 2, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Denver Area: Year 2, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Phoenix Area: Year 2, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
On-Road Remote Sensing Of Automobile Emissions In The Phoenix Area: Year 2, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
Preliminary Studies Using Remote Sensing To Evaluate I/M Effectiveness, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Preliminary Studies Using Remote Sensing To Evaluate I/M Effectiveness, Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
On-Road Motor Vehicle Emissions Measurments Worldwide (Presentation), Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
On-Road Motor Vehicle Emissions Measurments Worldwide (Presentation), Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
How To Evaluate An On-Road Remote Sensor, Donald H. Stedman
How To Evaluate An On-Road Remote Sensor, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.
Fuel-Based On-Road Motor Vehicle Emissions Inventory For The Denver Metropolitan Area (Presentation), Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel-Based On-Road Motor Vehicle Emissions Inventory For The Denver Metropolitan Area (Presentation), Sajal S. Pokharel, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman
Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications
No abstract provided.