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2016

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Articles 631 - 660 of 1435

Full-Text Articles in Chemistry

Synthetic Methods For The Preparation Of 1,3-S,O-Esters, Α-Phosphonovinyl Triflates, And Α-Alkynylphosphonates, David P. Kercher Apr 2016

Synthetic Methods For The Preparation Of 1,3-S,O-Esters, Α-Phosphonovinyl Triflates, And Α-Alkynylphosphonates, David P. Kercher

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

A broad and systematic study was conducted on synthetic methods to efficiently synthesize 1,3-S,O-esters, α-phosphonovinyl triflates, and α-alkynylphosphonates under mild reaction conditions. The master’s thesis is composed of two projects; the first project is titled “Synthesis of 1,3-S,O-Esters” and the second project is titled “Synthesis of α-Phosphonovinyl Triflates and α-Alkynylphosphonates.” The first project outlines a synthetic route to conveniently prepare novel α-functionalized 1,3-S,O-esters via an acid-promoted hydrolysis of α-functionalized α-oxoketene dimethylthioacetals. The second project, unrelated to the first project, primarily focuses on extensive synthetic methodology developed to prepare …

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Synthesis Of The Stereoismomers Of Dehp And Mehp From Kinetically Resolved 2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol, Lonnie Alexander Harris Apr 2016

Synthesis Of The Stereoismomers Of Dehp And Mehp From Kinetically Resolved 2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol, Lonnie Alexander Harris

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a known chiral persistent organic pollutant found in many different consumer products, and the toxicities of its stereoisomers and their metabolites are not well known. To determine their adverse health effects, each enantiomer has to be synthesized. Using lipase PS from Burkholderia cepacia in dichloromethane at 0˚C for 48 hours, 2-ethyl-1-hexyl acetate was obtained in 55% yield (75:25 e.r.), while (R)-2-ethyl-1-hexanol (1) was obtained in 29% yield (96:4 e.r.). The acetate was then hydrolyzed to recover the (S) enriched alcohol (82% yield). The enriched alcohol was acylated a second time to yield (S)-(1) in 39% yield …

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Optimal Concentrations Of Ethanol And Isopropanol For The Dissolution Of Pmma, Maya Costales '16 Apr 2016

Optimal Concentrations Of Ethanol And Isopropanol For The Dissolution Of Pmma, Maya Costales '16

IMSAloquium Student Investigation Showcase

Last year we studied the effectiveness of Alcohol/Water mixtures in dissolving PMMA. PMMA is a commonly used resist in electron beam lithography. Ethanol/Water mixtures in a 4:1 volume ratio developed PMMA such that they could replace mixtures of Methyl(isobutylketone) and Isopropanol. Raman spectroscopy revealed that Ethanol/Water mixtures in a 4:1 ratio and IPA/Water mixtures in a 3:1 ratio have different vibrations than those of pure Ethanol, IPA, and water. Our study this year will discuss the characteristics of Ethanol/Water and Isopropanol/Water solutions with dissolved Poly(methylmethracrylate). A fixed amount of 12,000 molecular weight PMMA was dissolved into a series of these …

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Dynamic Simulation Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Pt/C Electrode For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Shang Li, Fen Zhou, Lei Chen, Mu Pan Apr 2016

Dynamic Simulation Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Pt/C Electrode For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Shang Li, Fen Zhou, Lei Chen, Mu Pan

Journal of Electrochemistry

It is an urgent need to reduce the Pt loading in electrode for practical fuel cell applications worldwide. Herein, we theoretically investigate the oxygen distribution, generated current, and minimum Pt loading of Pt/C electrode for practical applications based on kinetic model of oxygen reduction reaction. The results indicate that with increasing electrode effective thickness to 40 mm, serious concentration polarization is expected for Pt/C electrode. To generate a power density of 1.4 W⋅cm-2 (2.1A⋅cm-2@0.67 V) for fuel cell, the cathode catalyst layer thickness in PEMFC should be as thin as 3 mm. The minimum Pt loading will …

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Preparation Parameters Optimization And Electrocatalytic Properties Of Supported Au Nanoparticles, Rui Yao, Yu-Jiang Song, Huan-Qiao Li, Jia Li, Jian-Guo Liu Apr 2016

Preparation Parameters Optimization And Electrocatalytic Properties Of Supported Au Nanoparticles, Rui Yao, Yu-Jiang Song, Huan-Qiao Li, Jia Li, Jian-Guo Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Due to interesting size effect, physical and chemical properties, nano-scale gold materials have been commonly used to catalytic reactions. However, the application of gold nanomaterials in the field of electrocatalysis is limited. Herein, we report the synthesis of gold nanparticles supported on carbon through chemical reduction of HAuCl4 by NaBH4 under mild conditions in the presence of surfactants as soft templates, carbon black or graphene as a support. We investigated a series of key reaction parameters, including reagent concentration, temperature, the types of carbon supports and surfactants. With the optimum synthetic parameters, we successfully obtained supported 1 ~ …

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Preparation And Performance Of 3d Graphene Type Porous Carbon Employing Nano Fe(Oh)3 As Template For Oxygen Reduction Catalyst, Chong-Yun Sun, Zhong-Fang Li, Xue-Wei Lu, Xi-Zhan Zhong, Yu-Rong Liu Apr 2016

Preparation And Performance Of 3d Graphene Type Porous Carbon Employing Nano Fe(Oh)3 As Template For Oxygen Reduction Catalyst, Chong-Yun Sun, Zhong-Fang Li, Xue-Wei Lu, Xi-Zhan Zhong, Yu-Rong Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The 3D graphene type porous carbon was prepared using coal tar pitch as carbon source and nano Fe(OH)3 as template. Optimal conditions for the catalytic oxygen reduction performance were determined as: the mass ratio of coal tar, nano Fe(OH)3 and KOH is 6:8:4; the pyrolysis temperature is 800 oC. SEM images show that the products have uniformly porous structure. TEM images demonstrate that the products are porous with foam shapes. HRTEM images further indicate that the products have formed several-layers 3D graphene structure, which are also supported by XRD and Raman data, and the pore size mainly …

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Rambling Between "Zhong Yong" And "Catalysis", Zi-Dong Wei Apr 2016

Rambling Between "Zhong Yong" And "Catalysis", Zi-Dong Wei

Journal of Electrochemistry

“Zhong Yong” represents a traditional Chinese wisdom, which was first proposed by Confucius and continuously richened by his followers. “Zhong Yong” pursues the balances among all kinds of contradictions, and insists that neither “too much” nor “not enough” is good. For a successful catalyst, on which the adsorption of reactants must be not so strong and not so weak either. On this point of view, there are the same pursuits for “Zhong Yong” and catalysis. In this paper, the author starts his story with a conversation between Confucius and his student, followed by 3 interesting stories happening in the ancient …

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Special Issue: Electrocatalyst And Electrocatalysis In Fuel Cells Preface, Zi-Dong Wei Apr 2016

Special Issue: Electrocatalyst And Electrocatalysis In Fuel Cells Preface, Zi-Dong Wei

Journal of Electrochemistry

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Recent Progress In Non-Precious Metal Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts With An Encapsulation Structure, Mei-Ling Xiao, Jian-Bing Zhu, Chang-Peng Liu, Jun-Jie Ge, Wei Xing Apr 2016

Recent Progress In Non-Precious Metal Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts With An Encapsulation Structure, Mei-Ling Xiao, Jian-Bing Zhu, Chang-Peng Liu, Jun-Jie Ge, Wei Xing

Journal of Electrochemistry

Platinum-based materials, the state-of-the-art catalysts for fuel cells, suffer from prohibitive costs, limited resources and insufficient durability. Accordingly, tremendous efforts were made in searching for efficient, durable and inexpensive alternatives to precious-metal electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Transition-metals (Fe, Co)/nitrogen co-doped hybrids, heteroatom (N, P, S, F, et al) doped carbons and composites with transition-metals encapsulated in graphitic layers are reported as the most efficient non-precious metal ORR catalysts. Among the various non-precious metal ORR catalysts, transition-metals encased in graphitic layer catalysts are a novel type of catalysts for ORR with high activity and durability, and thus, the …

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Mini-Review: Possible Applications Of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (Secm) In Characterizations Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction And Oxygen Evolution Reaction, Xing-Xing Chen Apr 2016

Mini-Review: Possible Applications Of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (Secm) In Characterizations Of Oxygen Reduction Reaction And Oxygen Evolution Reaction, Xing-Xing Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) has been proved to be a unique technique for combinatorial screening of localized phenomena for different electrocatalysts potentially used in new energy conversion and storage systems. This mini-review provides a brief summary of different SECM working modes, such as direct mode, feedback mode, generation-collection mode, redox competition mode and noise mode, which are especially applied for characterizing the oxygen reactions. Particularly, a series of important development in SECM screening of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction from the author and W. Schuhmann’s group in Germany has been highlighted and overviewed. Finally, some prospects …

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Syntheses Of Carbon Paper Supported High-Index Faceted Pt Nanoparticles And Their Performance In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells, Long Huang, Mei Zhan, Yu-Cheng Wang, Yan-Fen Lin, Shuo Liu, Ting Yuan, Hui Yang, Shi-Gang Sun Apr 2016

Syntheses Of Carbon Paper Supported High-Index Faceted Pt Nanoparticles And Their Performance In Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells, Long Huang, Mei Zhan, Yu-Cheng Wang, Yan-Fen Lin, Shuo Liu, Ting Yuan, Hui Yang, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

Direct formic acid fuel fuels (DFAFCs) are promising energy source for portable electronic devices. Palladium (Pd) is more active than platinum (Pt) for the formic acid electrooxidation. However, the stability of Pd is much poorer than that of Pt. Unfortunately, the ultra-low natural abundance of the Pt makes it extremely expensive and limits its application as a fuel cell catalyst. Boosting both the activity and stability of Pt nanoparticles to enhance their efficiency is urgent. As previous works illustrated, nanoparticles enclosed with high-index facets usually bare a higher activity toward fuel cell related reactions than those nanoparticles with low-index facet. …

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Multi-Scaled Carbon Supported Platinum As A Stable Electrocatalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Yu-Ping Li, Lu-Hua Jiang, Su-Li Wang, Gong-Quan Sun Apr 2016

Multi-Scaled Carbon Supported Platinum As A Stable Electrocatalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Yu-Ping Li, Lu-Hua Jiang, Su-Li Wang, Gong-Quan Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

The stability of carbon supports is essential for electrocatalysts of fuel cells. Herein, the mesoporous carbon with the high graphitic degree (highly graphitic mesoporous carbon, HGMC) was synthesized by using resorcinol as the carbon precursor, SiO2 as the templates and urea as the reducing agent. The as-prepared HGMC was characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, N2 adsorption. The stability of HGMC was evaluated by mimicking the start-up/shut-down conditions of fuel cells in a three-electrode system referring to the NREL standard. The obtained HGMC is of moderate surface area (187.4 m2•g-1) and is chemically stable under …

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Recycling Mf Solid Waste Into Mesoporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon With Iron Carbide Complex In Graphitic Layers As An Efficient Catalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Can-Yun Zhao, Lin Huang, Yong You, Ying-Fang Yao, Xiao-Gang Su, Hong Wan, Jian-Guo Liu, Cong-Ping Wu Apr 2016

Recycling Mf Solid Waste Into Mesoporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon With Iron Carbide Complex In Graphitic Layers As An Efficient Catalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Can-Yun Zhao, Lin Huang, Yong You, Ying-Fang Yao, Xiao-Gang Su, Hong Wan, Jian-Guo Liu, Cong-Ping Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nitrogen-doped carbon materials with iron ions are known as catalytic growth agents for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells, but the design and synthesis of high-performance and low-cost catalysts still remain a significant challenge. Herein, we present a cost-effective approach to dispose of MF solid waste as the precursor for the synthesis of MCFes catalyst with the favorable structure features such as the high specific surface area, abundant active sites and suitable pore structure. The results showed that the MCFe-10/10/2 had specific surface area as high as 780.7 m2•g-1 and high efficient catalytic activity comparable …

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Synthesis Of Structurally Ordered Platinum-Iron Catalysts With Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity, Ye-Zheng Cai, Ming-Chuan Luo, Fang-Hui Wang, Zhao-Nan Sun, Hong Zhu Apr 2016

Synthesis Of Structurally Ordered Platinum-Iron Catalysts With Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity, Ye-Zheng Cai, Ming-Chuan Luo, Fang-Hui Wang, Zhao-Nan Sun, Hong Zhu

Journal of Electrochemistry

To improve oxygen reduction reaction catalytic activity of the precious metals platinum for fuel cell, the precursors of carbon-supported structurally disordered platinum-iron alloy (D-Pt3Fe/C and D-PtFe/C) catalysts with different compositions were synthesized via a modified polyol reduction method. Then, by optimizing the annealing conditions in the inert gas, we turned the structurally disordered platinum-iron alloy to the structurally ordered platinum-iron alloy (O-Pt3Fe/C and O-PtFe/C) catalysts. The structural characterizations of the as-prepared catalysts were performed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results …

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Recent Progresses In Molybdenum-Based Electrocatalysts For The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction, Ze-Xing Wu, Jie Wang, Jun-Po Guo, Jing Zhu, De-Li Wang Apr 2016

Recent Progresses In Molybdenum-Based Electrocatalysts For The Hydrogen Evolution Reaction, Ze-Xing Wu, Jie Wang, Jun-Po Guo, Jing Zhu, De-Li Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical catalytic production of hydrogen has been considered as a promising and sustainable strategy for clean and renewable energy technologies. Molybdenum-based non noble metal catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction have attracted extensive attention due to its effective catalytic performance. In this review, the recent progresses in molybdenum-carbide, phosphide, nitride and sulfide electrocatalysts are presented. In addition, the strategies to improve the catalytic performance are analyzed and the prospects for the future development trends are expected.

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Nitrogen, Fluorine Co-Doped Silk-Derived Carbon For Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction With High Performance In Alkaline Solution, Fang-Fang Liu, Hong-Liang Peng, Shi-Jun Liao Apr 2016

Nitrogen, Fluorine Co-Doped Silk-Derived Carbon For Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction With High Performance In Alkaline Solution, Fang-Fang Liu, Hong-Liang Peng, Shi-Jun Liao

Journal of Electrochemistry

A high-performance, doped carbon-based catalyst was synthesized by pyrolyzing hydrothermally treated silkworm cocoon. The effects of preparation conditions and fluorine promotion on various catalysts’ performance were investigated. The catalyst prepared under optimal conditions and doped with nitrogen and fluorine possessed the high specific surface area of more than 1000 m2⋅g-1 and contained 3.5 and 7.3% (by mass, the same below) N and F, respectively. The activity of the catalyst toward oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline medium was comparable to that of commercial Pt/C, showing both superior tolerance to methanol poisoning and better durability. Doping with fluorine …

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The Influence Of Dissolved Organic Matter (Dom) On Sodium Regulation And Nitrogenous Waste Excretion In The Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Hassan A. Al-Reasi, Scott D. Smith, Chris M. Wood Apr 2016

The Influence Of Dissolved Organic Matter (Dom) On Sodium Regulation And Nitrogenous Waste Excretion In The Zebrafish (Danio Rerio), Hassan A. Al-Reasi, Scott D. Smith, Chris M. Wood

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is both ubiquitous and diverse in composition in natural waters, but its effects on the branchial physiology of aquatic organisms have received little attention relative to other variables (e.g. pH, hardness, salinity, alkalinity). Here, we investigated the effects of four chemically distinct DOM isolates (three natural, one commercial, ranging from autochthonous to highly allochthonous, all at ∼6 mg C l−1) on the physiology of gill ionoregulation and nitrogenous waste excretion in zebrafish acclimated to either circumneutral (7.0–8.0) or acidic pH (5.0). Overall, lower pH tended to increase net branchial ammonia excretion, net K+ …

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To Bend Or Not To Bend – Are Heteroatom Interactions Within Conjugated Molecules Effective In Dictating Conformation And Planarity?, Gary Conboy, Howard J. Spencer, Enrico Angioni, Alexander L. Kanibolotsky, Neil J. Findlay, Simon J. Coles, Claire Wilson, Mateusz B. Pitak, Chad Risko, Veaceslav Coropceanu, Jean-Luc Brédas, Peter J. Skabara Apr 2016

To Bend Or Not To Bend – Are Heteroatom Interactions Within Conjugated Molecules Effective In Dictating Conformation And Planarity?, Gary Conboy, Howard J. Spencer, Enrico Angioni, Alexander L. Kanibolotsky, Neil J. Findlay, Simon J. Coles, Claire Wilson, Mateusz B. Pitak, Chad Risko, Veaceslav Coropceanu, Jean-Luc Brédas, Peter J. Skabara

Chemistry Faculty Publications

We consider the roles of heteroatoms (mainly nitrogen, the halogens and the chalcogens) in dictating the conformation of linear conjugated molecules and polymers through non-covalent intramolecular interactions. Whilst hydrogen bonding is a competitive and sometimes more influential interaction, we provide unambiguous evidence that heteroatoms are able to determine the conformation of such materials with reasonable predictability.

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Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation Of Nitroalkenes To Primary Amines, Brendan Phillips Apr 2016

Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation Of Nitroalkenes To Primary Amines, Brendan Phillips

Chemistry Honors Papers

This work describes synthetic methodology development in organic chemistry. The goal of this work is to demonstrate new ways of making biologically-relevant molecules that are in line with the principles of green chemistry (chemical practices which seek to be, regarding human and environmental health, benign by design). To this end, a new method has been developed toward the introduction of primary amine functionalities into organic molecules from readily-available aldehydes, via reduction of nitroalkene intermediates. Traditional methods of reducing nitroalkenes to primary amines require harsh conditions, often produce stoichiometric amounts of metal salt waste, and present significant safety challenges to the …

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Binding Of Oxygen To Human Hemoglobin Within The Erythrocyte Using Icam Spectrophotometry, Kyle K. Hill Apr 2016

Binding Of Oxygen To Human Hemoglobin Within The Erythrocyte Using Icam Spectrophotometry, Kyle K. Hill

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Many of the spectrophotometric techniques used to determine the properties of intracellular human hemoglobin cannot be utilized due to the turbidity of erythrocyte suspensions. An Integrating Cavity Absorption Meter, or ICAM, allows for absorption measurements of strongly scattering samples in the visible-light region of the spectrum. The spectrum of oxygenated hemoglobin within erythrocytes is significantly different from the absorption spectrum of oxygenated hemoglobin in solution. Studies of the oxygen binding to hemoglobin in erythrocytes allowed the four sequential binding constants (Adair constants) to be determined and compared with those of hemoglobin in solution. The Adair constants for hemoglobin in solution …

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Glen Helen Water Quality: A 5-Year Exploration, 2011-2015, Audrey E. Mcgowin Apr 2016

Glen Helen Water Quality: A 5-Year Exploration, 2011-2015, Audrey E. Mcgowin

Chemistry Faculty Publications

These slides are from my presentation at Green(e) Fest 2016 “Make Every Day Earth Day,” Glen Helen Association Annual Meeting. This is a summary of research results obtained by 50+ students enrolled in my Service-Learning Intensive Environmental Chemistry course at Wright State University. It includes recommendations to Glen Helen and the Village of Yellow Springs by the students regarding findings of high E. coli in stormwater runoff, high nitrate levels in groundwater, and violations of a foundry’s permit to discharge into Glen Helen.

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Modulated Hydrothermal Synthesis And Optimization Of Hf/Zr-Fumarate Metal-Organic Frameworks, Ioannina Castano Apr 2016

Modulated Hydrothermal Synthesis And Optimization Of Hf/Zr-Fumarate Metal-Organic Frameworks, Ioannina Castano

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Water-stable Hf/Zr-Fumarate (FMA) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly promising for gas separation because of their postulated small pore size compared to other UiO-66-type MOFs and the low cost of fumaric acid. However, the efficient synthesis of these MOFs remains a big challenge. A mild, green, scalable modulated hydrothermal (MHT) method was applied for the synthesis of these MOFs. Specifically, acetic acid (AA), formic acid (FA), and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were used as the modulators. Various water to modulator solvent ratios were studied to investigate the effects of modulators on surface area and gas uptake properties. The MHT synthesized Hf/Zr-FMA MOFs …

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Understanding The Surface Induced Phosphorylation Of Prebiotic Molecules By Schreibersite, Danna Qasim Apr 2016

Understanding The Surface Induced Phosphorylation Of Prebiotic Molecules By Schreibersite, Danna Qasim

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

The study of the surface of a meteoritic mineral, schreibersite (Fe,Ni)3P, was investigated to provide insight into the role of the mineral’s surface in aqueous-phase phosphorylation reactions. The optimization of a custom-designed ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) apparatus and Fe2NiP (schreibersite) surface was performed to permit surface science analysis. The bare surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which showed some oxidation and segregation of phosphorous within the near-surface region. The interaction and/or reaction of water (H2O), methanol (CH3OH), formic acid …

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Effects Of Creatine, Leucine, And Ethanol On Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor In C2c12 Skeletal Muscle Cells, Daniel Waters Apr 2016

Effects Of Creatine, Leucine, And Ethanol On Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor In C2c12 Skeletal Muscle Cells, Daniel Waters

Honors Theses

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) is a protein expressed throughout the mammalian nervous system that serves several protective functions. Originally discovered in the brain, where it supports the survival of dopaminergic neurons, GDNF has since been shown to be expressed in skeletal muscle and is vital for the maintenance of motor neurons. The relationship between muscle hypertrophy, and GDNF is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between hypertrophy and GDNF by inducing hypertrophy in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells using leucine and creatine, inhibiting hypertrophy using ethanol and measuring GDNF content. As measured …

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Molecular Mechanism Of Protein Kinase Recognition And Sorting By The Hsp90 Kinome-Specific Cochaperone Cdc37, Dimitra Keramisanou, Adam Aboalroub, Ziming Zhang, Wenjun Liu, Devon Marshall, Andrea Diviney, Randy W. Larsen, Ralf Landgraf, Ioannis Gelis Apr 2016

Molecular Mechanism Of Protein Kinase Recognition And Sorting By The Hsp90 Kinome-Specific Cochaperone Cdc37, Dimitra Keramisanou, Adam Aboalroub, Ziming Zhang, Wenjun Liu, Devon Marshall, Andrea Diviney, Randy W. Larsen, Ralf Landgraf, Ioannis Gelis

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Despite the essential functions of Hsp90, little is known about the mechanism that controls substrate entry into its chaperone cycle. We show that the role of Cdc37 cochaperone reaches beyond that of an adaptor protein and find that it participates in the selective recruitment of only client kinases. Cdc37 recognizes kinase specificity determinants in both clients and nonclients and acts as a general kinase scanning factor. Kinase sorting within the client-to-nonclient continuum relies on the ability of Cdc37 to challenge the conformational stability of clients by locally unfolding them. This metastable conformational state has high affinity for Cdc37 and forms …

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Is The Maxwell Construction Correct In Predicting The Van Der Waals Fluid's Vapor Pressure?, Carl W. David Apr 2016

Is The Maxwell Construction Correct In Predicting The Van Der Waals Fluid's Vapor Pressure?, Carl W. David

Chemistry Education Materials

The Maxwell construction yields a pressure value which traditionally been associated with the vapor pressure. Here, the question is answered whether or not the two phases represented by the construct are indeed in equilibrium.

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From Mollusks To Medicine: A Venomics Approach For The Discovery And Characterization Of Therapeutics From Terebridae Peptide Toxins, Aida Verdes, Prachi Anand, Juliette Gorson, Stephen Jannetti, Patrick Kelly, Abba Leffler, Danny Simpson, Girish Ramrattan, Mandë Holford Apr 2016

From Mollusks To Medicine: A Venomics Approach For The Discovery And Characterization Of Therapeutics From Terebridae Peptide Toxins, Aida Verdes, Prachi Anand, Juliette Gorson, Stephen Jannetti, Patrick Kelly, Abba Leffler, Danny Simpson, Girish Ramrattan, Mandë Holford

Publications and Research

Animal venoms comprise a diversity of peptide toxins that manipulate molecular targets such as ion channels and receptors, making venom peptides attractive candidates for the development of therapeutics to benefit human health. However, identifying bioactive venom peptides remains a significant challenge. In this review we describe our particular venomics strategy for the discovery, characterization, and optimization of Terebridae venom peptides, teretoxins. Our strategy reflects the scientific path from mollusks to medicine in an integrative sequential approach with the following steps: (1) delimitation of venomous Terebridae lineages through taxonomic and phylogenetic analyses; (2) identification and classification of putative teretoxins through omics …

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Time Travel: Scientists And Their Contributions Towards The Discoveries Of The Atom And Atomic Properties, Austin Wright Apr 2016

Time Travel: Scientists And Their Contributions Towards The Discoveries Of The Atom And Atomic Properties, Austin Wright

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

The discovery of the atom and its associated components and properties paved the way for laying the foundation of chemistry related knowledge. However, the historical discoveries of each individual component are often forgotten or ignored due to the students‰Ûª innate belief of it ‰Û÷being difficult‰Ûª to remember such specific information. To assist students with grasping the properties of the atom and its components, a timeline-assisted chronology of atomic discoveries was created. Our objective is to present the scientists, with their individual contributions to atomic theory, along with the year it was discovered in an interactive manner. Using this timeline, students …

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Instrumentation For Determining Prebiotic Species In The Interstellar Medium, Lydia Rudd, Ben Lamm, Kevin Roenitz, Manori Perera, Faculty Advisor Apr 2016

Instrumentation For Determining Prebiotic Species In The Interstellar Medium, Lydia Rudd, Ben Lamm, Kevin Roenitz, Manori Perera, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

Oral presentation abstract.

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Microwave Assisted Synthesis Of Tri-Substituted Pyridazine Exploration, Austin Wright Apr 2016

Microwave Assisted Synthesis Of Tri-Substituted Pyridazine Exploration, Austin Wright

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

Pyridazines are nitrogen-containing compounds that have been found to show a number of pharmaceutical applications. They exhibit antimicrobial, antifungal, and antibacterial properties to name a few. In particular: 3,4,6-triphenylpyridazine derivatives are known to possess anticancer properties. The purpose of this project is to synthesize tri-substituted pyridazine derivatives using microwave-assisted reactions, and to check its biological applications. Microwave synthesis will help shorten reaction times and produce high, efficient yields. Various catalysts, bases, reaction times, and temperatures will be explored to study the scope of the reactions.

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