Chemistry Commons^™

Comprehensive Organic Synthesis Ii (Book Review), Jeffrey H. Glans

Chemistry & Physics Faculty Publications

Jeffrey Glans' review focuses on the online version available through ScienceDirect.

Knochel, Paul and Gary A. Molander, eds. Comprehensive Organic Synthesis II. 2nd ed. Amsterdam; Waltham, MA: Elsevier, 2014. Web.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/referenceworks/9780080977430

ISBN: 9780080977430 (e-book)

Synthetic And Mechanistic Studies Of Catalytic Oxidations By Manganese(Iii) Porphyrin And Iodobenzene Diacetate, Kawai Kwong

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

With iodobenzene diacetate [PhI(OAc)2] as the oxygen source, manganese(III) porphyrin complexes exhibit remarkable catalytic activity towards the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons. The readily soluble PhI(OAc)2 in the presence of small amount of water is more efficient oxygen source than the commonly used PhIO under the same conditions, leading to a potent catalytic system for the efficient oxidation of alkenes and activated hydrocarbons. When the reactions were carried out in the presence of a small amount of water at 50 oC, high selectivity for epoxides and excellent catalytic efficiency with up to 10,000 TON have been achieved in alkene epoxidations. In …

Synthesis Of Phosphorus-Based Hemiacetals For Potential Flame Retardants, Sara Alakkad

Honors Theses

Flame retardants which contain a phosphorus moiety attached to a carbohydrate backbone were developed. To synthesize the flame retardants, carbohydrates and polyols were used as the starting materials which occur in nature and are environmentally and toxicologically safe materials. The two target structures include one with a triose substructure and one with a pentose substructure. For both situations, however, multiple steps were taken for the synthesis of the flame retardant, as the carbohydrate needed to be generated into its protected form. The protected carbohydrate then interacted with a dialkyl phosphite, resulting in a phosphorous hemiacetal. This hemiacetal was then deprotected …

Bio-Crosslinking Of Starch Films With Oxidized Sucrose, Hazal Canisag

Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In this work, corn starch films were crosslinked with a novel bio-based agent; oxidized sucrose and their strength and stability were improved. Although starch is an inexpensive, biodegradable and abundant source, industrial applications of starch films are limited due to their poor mechanical properties. Crosslinking is one of the most common methods to enhance the mechanical properties of starch films. However, most of the available crosslinkers, such as gluteraldehyde, phosphorus oxychloride, sodium trimetaphosphate, and epichlorohydrin, are either toxic, expensive or with low crosslinking efficiencies. Oxidized sucrose, which is derived by periodate cleavage, has aldehyde groups in the structure and this …

New Methods For Synthesis Of Organic Peroxides And Application Of Peroxide Electrophiles To Synthesis Of Functionalized Ethers, Shiva Kumar Kyasa

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

New Method for Synthesis of Alkyl Hydroperoxides: There are a number of methods reported for synthesis of alkyl hydroperoxides, but most of them suffer either from poor yields or the formation of unwanted side products. I will be discussing new methodology for efficient synthesis of pure samples of 1° and 2° alkyl hydroperoxides via alkylation of readily available cyclododecanone 1,1-dihydroperoxide followed by hydrolysis of the resulting bis peroxyacetals.

Peroxide Electrophiles for Synthesis of Functionalized Ethers: Peroxides are underexplored functional groups as precursors for C-O bond formation and ether synthesis. The reactivity of dialkyl peroxides towards organometallics such as alkyl lithium …

Toward An Expanded Role For Collision-Induced Dissociation In Glycoproteomic Analysis, Venkata Kolli

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This thesis begins with an overview of the state-of-the-art in tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis of glycopeptides. In this introduction, the primary focus is on utilization of different ion dissociation techniques for MS/MS to obtain structural information of N-glycopeptides. This includes a discussion of the importance of complementary MS/MS methods to attain complete structural characterization of N-glycopeptides. Emerging methods involving the use of a single ion dissociation technique for complete glycopeptide connectivity analysis were also presented. Next, the application of collision-induced dissociation (CID) to provide both amino acid sequence and monosaccharide connectivity for model N-glycopeptides was discussed in detail. Implementation …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Low Valent Metalloporphyrins, Nagabhushanam Kundakarla

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Metalloporphyrins and metalloporphinones have been seen in a number of enzymes and involved in nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis, and methanogenesis. The reduction of metalloporphyrins and metalloporphinones are achievable, but the site of reduction in either, the metal center or porphyrin core is still debatable. This prompted us to investigate the position of reduction in order to generate low valent metalloporphyrins and porphinones. The reduced porphyrins were characterized by spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic methods. Previous work in our laboratory has generated low valent metalloporphyrins and porphinones by electrochemical reduction. In this work cobalt, manganese, and iron low valent metalloporphyrins were generated via …

Toward Electronic Materials Based On Metal Pincer-Type Complexes, Jeewantha Sampath Hewage

Master's Theses (2009 -)

There is currently a lot of interest in developing electrically conducting or semiconducting metal-organic frameworks (MOF's), highly porous materials constructed by organic ligands bridging metal centers. Typically MOF's are non-conducting and, moreover, they are susceptible to hydrolytic degradation. If hydrolytically stable and electrically conducting MOFs could be realized, then revolutionary new technologies could be envisioned. Currently, organic dicarboxylates are used as bridging organic ligands and one simple strategy to obtain the desired materials is to explore other ligand systems. Pincer ligands are organic compounds that are uninegative and bind metals in a tridentate, meridional fashion with two five-member chelate rings. …

In Vivo Near Ir Fluorescent Imaging Of Hollow Polymeric Nanocapsules, Venkata Suresh Patthipati

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Medical Imaging has been an integral component in medical diagnosis and therapeutics. It is frequently used in conjunction with other treatment modalities and has been used for developing applications that range from cancer management to clinical practice. Nanotechnology and its applications are foreseen to have a profound impact on life sciences. Nanomaterial based imaging has a significant potential in addressing medical challenges such as tumor localization, targeted delivery of drugs and real time diagnosis and management of circulation pathology. In particular, polymer based nanoparticles are increasingly being developed as they can be customized according to the diagnostic and/or therapeutic requirements. …

Gas Phase Measurements Of Mono-Fluoro-Benzoic Acids And The Dimer Of 3-Fluoro-Benzoic Acid, Adam M. Daly, Spencer J. Carey, Aaron M. Pejlovas, Kexin Li, Lu Kang, Stephen G. Kukolich

Faculty Articles

The microwave spectrum of the mono-fluoro-benzoic acids, 2-fluoro-, 3-fluoro-, and 4-fluoro-benzoic acid have been measured in the frequency range of 4-14 GHz using a pulsed beam Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. Measured rotational transition lines were assigned and fit using a rigid rotor Hamiltonian. Assignments were made for 3 conformers of 2-fluorobenzoic acid, 2 conformers of 3-fluorobenzoic acid, and 1 conformer of 4-fluorobenzoic acid. Additionally, the gas phase homodimer of 3-fluorobenzoic acid was detected, and the spectra showed evidence of proton tunneling. Experimental rotational constants are A(0+) = 1151.8(5), B(0+) = 100.3(5), C(0+) = 87.64(3) MHz and A(0−) = 1152.2(5), B(0−) …

Chemistry And Biochemistry News, Georgia Southern University

Biochemistry, Chemistry & Physics: News & Publications (2012-2023)

• Eagles Fly to Denver for Chemistry Presentations

Characterization Of Boron Hydride Compounds For Potential Use In Pressurized Water Nuclear Reactors, Alex Blake

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

The isotope 10B is a good neutron absorber with a thermal neutron absorption cross section of ~3800 barns. This quality has led to the use of boron as a neutron absorber in the nuclear power industry. In current practice, boric acid is commonly used as a neutron absorber in the water regime of active and passive safety systems. The boron hydride compounds in this study, namely Li2B10H10, Na2B10H10, K2B10H10, Li2B12H12, Na2B12H12, and K2B12H12, have been studied to assess their performance in situations where criticality control needs exceed normal control methods. In this type of situation these compounds have several advantages …

Ground-State And Pairing-Vibrational Bands With Equal Quadrupole Collectivity In 124Xe, A. J. Radich, P. E. Garrett, J. M. Allmond, C. Andreoiu, G. C. Ball, L. Bianco, V. Bildstein, S. Chagnon-Lessard, D. S. Cross, G. A. Demand, A. Diaz Varela, R. Dunlop, P. Finlay, A. B. Garnsworthy, G. Hackman, B. Hadinia, B. Jigmeddorj, A. T. Laffoley, K. G. Leach, J. Michetti-Wilson, J. N. Orce, M. M. Rajabali, E. T. Rand, K. Starosta, C. S. Sumithrarachchi, C. E. Svensson, S. Triambak, Z. M. Wang, J. L. Wood, J. Wong, S. J. Williams, Steven W. Yates

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The nuclear structure of ¹²⁴Xe has been investigated via measurements of the β+/EC decay of ¹²⁴Cs with the 8πγ-ray spectrometer at the TRIUMF-ISAC facility. . . .

For the remainder of this abstract, please visit: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.044320

Volume 07, Rachel C. Lombardi, Ben Osterhout, Lindsay Graybill, Rebecca E. Dey, Skyler T. Carpenter, Emma Beckett, Jason Ware, Mollie Andrews, James Bates, Landon Cooper, Tiffani Jeffries, Maria Wheaton, Dallas Price, Laura Kahler, Sarah Charlton, Anna Bultrowicz, Emily Spittle, Erin Godwin, Eamon Brokenbrough

Incite: The Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship

Introduction from Interim Dean Dr. Jennifer Apperson

Spatial Analysis of Potential Risk Factors Associated with Addition of Atlantic Coast Pipeline Through Virginia by Rachel C. Lombardi

"Delicate Matters with No Speaking," "Hope and Nothing," "Mono Duality" by Ben Osterhout

"Connect" Graphic Design Senior Project by Lindsay Graybill

Phenolic Acids in Brassicaceae Plants: Ovipositional Stimulants or Deterrents for Cabbage White Butterfly, Pieris Rapae? by Rebecca E. Dey And Skyler T. Carpenter

"Abecedarian Cards" by Emma Beckett, Jason Ware, And Mollie Andrews

Helvetica: A Type Specimen Book by James Bates, Landon Cooper, Tiffani Jeffries, And Maria Wheaton

“Things Left Behind” by Dallas …

Studies On Two Putative Ai-2 Receptors And The Transcriptional Repressor Lsrr, Jason Hua , '15

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

A diverse range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria rely on density-dependent, intercellular communication mediated by small signaling molecules called auto inducers to coordinate synchronous gene expression through a process termed quorum sensing. One family of auto inducers, consisting of spontaneously interconverting derivatives of (4S)-4,S-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (DPD) and collectively referred to as Autoinducer- 2 (AI-2), is recognized in a wide variety of species by one of two canonical receptor proteins: LuxP, exclusive to the genus Vibrio, or an LsrB-like receptor. However, several studies have reported that two predicted ribose-binding proteins (RbsB), from Haemophilus injluenzae and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, might behave as …

Development Of Extraction Methods For The Determination Of Epoxiconazole And Myclobutanil In Agar Media By Hplc, Martin T. Mathay , '15

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

Triazole fungicides represent the largest class within sterol demethylation inhibitors. While their intended use is to kill fungi, their accumulation to large concentrations is detrimental to non-targeted species. The primary goal of this work was to develop and optimise a method to quantify the amount of triazole fungicides from solid agar media. This investigation is divided into three parts: a method validation dedicated to authenticate the trueness of an HLPC method used in the determination and quantification of the triazole fungicides epoxiconazole and myclobutanil and two sections dedicated to utilizing the HPLC method to evaluate the efficiency of developed extraction …

A Diastereoselective Approach To Bis-Spiroketal Synthesis Using Sulfinyl Iron(0) Tricarbonyl Diene Complexes, Peter A. Amadeo , '15

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

In the past, Paley lab has focused on the diastereoselective synthesis of spiroketals using sulfinyl iron(0) tricarbonyl diene complexes. This research has extended to study the formation of bis-spiroketals. As valuable natural products, bis-spiroketals are important synthesis targets, and the stereochemistry at the anomeric carbons is especially important. This research focuses on how sulfinyl iron(0) tricarbonyl diene complexes can help control the stereoselectivity of bis-spiroketal formation. The first attempt to make the desired bis-spiroketal involved preparmg a dihydroxy diketone precursor, which would undergo dehydrative cyclization. Unfortunately, there were various obstacles to preparing the precursor. Attempts to oxidize double bonds, remove …

Aerosol Optical Hygroscopicity Measurements During The 2010 Cares Campaign, Dean B. Atkinson, James Gregory Radney, Janel Lum, Katheryn R. Kolesar, Daniel J. Cziczo, Mikhail Pekour, Qi Zhang, Ari Setyan, Alla Zelenyuk, Christopher D. Cappa

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Measurements of the effect of water uptake on particulate light extinction or scattering made at two locations during the 2010 CARES study around Sacramento, CA are reported. The observed influence of water uptake, characterized through the dimensionless optical hygroscopicity parameter γ, is compared with calculations constrained by observed particle size distributions and size-dependent particle composition. A closure assessment has been carried out that allowed for determination of the average hygroscopic growth factors (GF) at 85% relative humidity and the dimensionless hygroscopicity parameter κ for oxygenated organic aerosol (OA) and for supermicron particles, yielding κ = 0.1–0.15 and 0.9–1.0, respectively. The …

Chemistry And Biochemistry News, Georgia Southern University

Biochemistry, Chemistry & Physics: News & Publications (2012-2023)

• Eagles Fly to Denver for Chemistry Presentations

Kinetic Characterization Of B-Carotene In N-Hexane At Various Oxygen Concentrations, Katelyn Mary Arnold

Honors Theses

We have characterized the photo – degradation of ẞC in oxygenated and deoxygenated n–hexane solvent and in the solid phase using broadband (BB; λ ≥ 200 nm) and 313 nm filtered output of a 100 W Hg Arc lamp. Oxygen concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 100% were used in the solution phase studies. ẞC(s) did not photo – degrade upon exposure to BB light under air atmospheres; the mass and appearance of the samples, TLC chromatograms, and the absorption spectra were all identical pre- and post-irradiation. In the solution phase, the order of the photo – degradation with respect …

Effects Of Cannabidiol On Contractions And Calcium Signaling In Rat Ventricular Myocytes, Ramez M. Ali, Lina T. Al Kury, Keun Hang Susan Yang, Anwar Qureshi, Mohanraj Rajesh, Sehamuddin Galadari, Yaroslav M. Shuba, Frank Christopher Howarth, Murat Oz

All Works

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Cannabidiol (CBD), a major nonpsychotropic cannabinoid found in Cannabis plant, has been shown to influence cardiovascular functions under various physiological and pathological conditions. In the present study, the effects of CBD on contractility and electrophysiological properties of rat ventricular myocytes were investigated. Video edge detection was used to measure myocyte shortening. Intracellular Ca2+ was measured in cells loaded with the Ca2+ sensitive fluorescent indicator fura-2 AM. Whole-cell patch clamp was used to measure action potential and Ca2+ currents. Radioligand binding was employed to study pharmacological characteristics of CBD binding. CBD (1μM) caused a significant decrease in …

Hybrid Computational Toxicology Models For Regulatory Risk Assessment, Prachi Pradeep

Dissertations (1934 -)

Computational toxicology is the development of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models that relate a quantitative measure of chemical structure to a biological effect. In silico QSAR tools are widely accepted as a faster alternative to time-consuming clinical and animal testing methods for regulatory risk assessment of xenobiotics used in consumer products. However, different QSAR tools often make contrasting predictions for a new xenobiotic and may also vary in their predictive ability for different class of xenobiotics. This makes their use challenging, especially in regulatory applications, where transparency and interpretation of predictions play a crucial role in the development of …

Synthetic And Mechanistic Studies Of Ruthenium Catalyzed C-C, C-N And C-O Bond Activation Reactions, Nishantha Kumara Kalutharage

Dissertations (1934 -)

Transition metal catalyzed selective C-C, C-N and C-O bond activation reactions are fundamentally important in organometallic chemistry and organic synthesis. Catalytic C-C, C-N and C-O activation are highly valuable for reforming processes of crude oils. Significant research has been devoted to transition metal mediated C-C, C-N and C-O bond cleavage reactions to form new compounds as these processes are expected to provide novel ways to transformation of inexpensive hydrocarbons into more commercially valuable products such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and polymers. A few examples of transition metal catalyzed cross coupling reactions involving C-N bond cleavage have been reported. A well-defined Ru …

Spectral Characterization Of Cytochromes Cyp11a1 (Aka P450scc) Active Site And Catalytic Intermediates, Qianhong Zhu

Dissertations (1934 -)

The Cytochromes P450 are monooxygenases which use dioxygen and endogenous reducing equivalents to generate highly reactive intermediates capable of performing several types of oxidative transformations, most commonly, hydroxylations via the so-called Compound I species. There are two main kinds of mammalian P450s: those functioning in drug metabolism and those that facilitate steroid biosynthesis. Steroidogenic P450s participating in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones are involved in a number of different pathways. CYP11A1, one of the steroidogenic P450s also known as P450scc, is the enzyme that converts cholesterol to pregnenolone through side chain cleavage between carbon 20 and 22. The overall process …

Suspension Electrospinning Carbon Nanotube Doped Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Nanowires, Ryan Hensleigh

Honors Theses

The synthesis, characterization and application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have received substantial attention in recent years, particularly in the field of polymer nanomaterial composites (PNCs). CNTs possess impressive thermal, electrical and mechanical properties, and PNCs incorporating them have shown multitude increases in these same properties with relatively low percolation thresholds [1]. Electrospinning is an effective and tunable materials synthesis platform for the manufacture of micro and nanofibers that has shown particular promise in the fields of carbon nanotube PNC processing due to the favorable isotropic alignment CNTs undergo due to the electrospinning process [2]. CNT alignment has been shown to …

Phosphorus Measurements In Aqueous Media Using Inorganic Phosphorus Sources As Compared To Organic Sources And Resulting Complications, Robert Underhile

All Student Theses and Dissertations

The phosphorus moiety that exists in both inorganic and organic molecules has significant importance. Phosphorus serves as nutrient, a plant building block, a control agent for pests (both plant and insect), and can be an inadvertent cross contaminant in herbicide production, and is often seen as an environmental pollutant. As a cross contaminant, samples suspected of containing the phosphorus moiety are traced to the source of manufacture. Upon suspicion of the source, serious consequences for the manufacturer can develop including loss of relationships, heavy fines and legal matters. Quantitation of phosphorus is not straightforward. Phosphorus can be present in the …

Blue Carbon In Freshwater / Brackish Marshes On The Barrier Islands Of Virginia Aboveground Net Primary Productivity And Carbon Pools, Emily Caitlin Adams

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

"Blue carbon" is a relatively new concept describing carbon distributed tidally and sequestered via net production within coastal ecosystems, including seagrass beds, mangrove forests, and salt-water marshes. These systems sequester carbon at least 10 times faster than terrestrial systems. Fresh to brackish wetlands that receive irregular tidal influence due to overwash and storm events have not been typically studied as blue carbon systems. My objective was to quantify carbon pools within four interdunal fresh to brackish marshes on Hog Island, Virginia to determine their blue carbon potential. Marshes 1 and 2 were farthest from the ocean, below and above a …

Revisiting The Renner–Teller Effect In The X ̃2Π State Of Ccn: Pulsed Discharge-Supersonic Jet Single Vibronic Level Emission Spectroscopy, Lloyd Godfrey Muzangwa, Scott A. Reid

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The CCN radical is a prototypical system for study of the Renner–Teller effect in its degenerate X ̃²Π ground state, with a number of experimental and theoretical studies carried out over the past 50 years. Most experimental studies have focused on the low-lying vibrational structure as observed in the high-resolution spectra of hot bands, or in emission. In this work, we have used pulsed-discharge supersonic-jet single vibronic level (SVL) emission spectroscopy from selected levels of the Ã²Δ state to probe the vibronic structure of X ̃²Π up to ∼6000 cm⁻¹ above the …

Using Planar Chiral Iron(0) Tricarbonyl Diene Complexes: A Focus On Azaspirocycles And The Use Of An Oxazolidinone Chiral Auxiliary, Julia S. Murphy , '15

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

For many years, the Paley laboratory has developed the use of planar chiral η⁴ iron(O) tricarbonyl complexes for use in directing the central chirality of adjacent centers. This work examines the use of dienes functionalized at C2 with a chiral auxiliary. The functionalization of a stereocontrolled [6,6]-azaspirocycle was taken on to great success. This sequence involved a 2-sulfinyl diene complex. The keystone Grignard addition to the cyclic imine was accomplished to afford a single diastereomer. Ring closing metathesis was used to form the final ring of the azaspirocycle framework. Two more sequences were attempted to form azaspirocycle centers. The first …

Blue Carbon In Coastal Freshwater/Brackish Marshes On The Barrier Islands Of Virginia: Belowground Carbon Dynamics, Nathan M. Sedghi

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Some coastal ecosystems sequester substantially more carbon (blue carbon) than land locked systems due to high net primary production and deposition associated with oceanic influences. Most blue carbon research has focused on mangroves, seagrass beds, and salt marshes. Studies on blue carbon potential of coastal freshwater marshes are less common. Barrier islands frequently flood, with seawater reaching interior ecosystems. I examined brackish/freshwater marshes on Virginia barrier islands for possible roles as blue carbon systems. I studied four interior marshes on Hog Island, which varied in proximity to a direct overwash path and protection by a trail berm that divides northern …