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2015

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Articles 421 - 450 of 1428

Full-Text Articles in Chemistry

Catalytic Condensation Of Ketones With Carboxylic Acids, Thomas Diprospero, Heni Patel, Alexey Ignatchenko Jun 2015

Catalytic Condensation Of Ketones With Carboxylic Acids, Thomas Diprospero, Heni Patel, Alexey Ignatchenko

Chemistry Faculty/Staff Publications

It is found that use of acetone in place of acetic acid in the reaction with isobutyric acid is effective for the synthesis of the cross-ketonization product, methyl isopropyl ketone (MIPK). Rate of MIPK formation is of the same order of magnitude, but slightly lower for acetone compared to acetic acid under similar conditions (Fig. 1). The most active catalyst is KOH-treated titania. The second product of this reaction, DIPK, results from the ketonic decarboxylative condensation of isobutyric acid with itself. The 13C labeled carbonyl group from isobutyric acid is almost exclusively (within the detection error) transferred to the MIPK …

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Investigating The Links Between Ozone And Organic Aerosol Chemistry In A Biomass Burning Plume From A Prescribed Fire In California Chaparral, M. J. Alvarado, C. R. Lonsdale, Robert Yokelson, Sheryl Kashi Akagi, H. Coe, J. S. Craven, E. V. Fischer, G. R. Mcmeeking, J. H. Seinfeld, T. Soni, J. W. Taylor, D. R. Weise, C. E. Wold Jun 2015

Investigating The Links Between Ozone And Organic Aerosol Chemistry In A Biomass Burning Plume From A Prescribed Fire In California Chaparral, M. J. Alvarado, C. R. Lonsdale, Robert Yokelson, Sheryl Kashi Akagi, H. Coe, J. S. Craven, E. V. Fischer, G. R. Mcmeeking, J. H. Seinfeld, T. Soni, J. W. Taylor, D. R. Weise, C. E. Wold

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Within minutes after emission, complex photochemistry in biomass burning smoke plumes can cause large changes in the concentrations of ozone (O3) and organic aerosol (OA). Being able to understand and simulate this rapid chemical evolution under a wide variety of conditions is a critical part of forecasting the impact of these fires on air quality, atmospheric composition, and climate. Here we use version 2.1 of the Aerosol Simulation Program (ASP) to simulate the evolution of O3 and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) within a young biomass burning smoke plume from the Williams prescribed fire in chaparral, which was sampled over …

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Self-Assembled Monolayers And Methods For Using The Same In Biosensing Applications, Patrick H. Dussault, Rebecca Lai, Thomas J. Fisher, Anita J. Zaitouna Jun 2015

Self-Assembled Monolayers And Methods For Using The Same In Biosensing Applications, Patrick H. Dussault, Rebecca Lai, Thomas J. Fisher, Anita J. Zaitouna

Patrick Dussault Publications

Cross-linked amphiphile constructs that form self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on metal Surfaces such as gold Surfaces are disclosed. These new SAMs generate well packed and highly oriented monolayer films on gold Surfaces. A method for using the SAMs in the fabrication of biomolecule sensors is also disclosed.

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Kinetic Study Of The Oxygen Reduction Reaction On Α-Ni(Oh)2 And Α-Ni(Oh)2 Supported On Graphene Oxide, Elaheh Farjami, L. Jay Deiner Jun 2015

Kinetic Study Of The Oxygen Reduction Reaction On Α-Ni(Oh)2 And Α-Ni(Oh)2 Supported On Graphene Oxide, Elaheh Farjami, L. Jay Deiner

Publications and Research

The kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction on α-Ni(OH)2 and α-Ni(OH)2 supported on graphene oxide (α-Ni(OH)2/GO) were investigated using rotating disk linear sweep voltammetry in alkaline solutions of varying oxygen and hydroxyl concentrations. Over the full hydroxyl concentration range (0.05 M to 0.5M), α-Ni(OH)2/GO displayed higher activity than unsupported α-Ni(OH)2. The electron transfer numbers were 2.9 ± 0.2 for α-Ni(OH)2, 3.4 ± 0.1 for α-Ni(OH)2/GO at low [OH−], and 3.8–3.9 for α-Ni(OH)2/GO at high [OH−]. Compared to α-Ni(OH)2, α-Ni(OH)2/GO displayed higher chemical reaction rate constants and higher electron transfer rate constants. These differences suggest that the synergy between the α-Ni(OH)2 …

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An Approach To An Agave Problem: The Bioremediation Of Agricultural Waste By Yeast Fermentations, Joshua Michael Jarodsky Jun 2015

An Approach To An Agave Problem: The Bioremediation Of Agricultural Waste By Yeast Fermentations, Joshua Michael Jarodsky

Theses and Dissertations

The agricultural waste products created by industries, such as the Tequila manufacturing industry, create thousands of tons of waste material every year. This agricultural waste often becomes an environmental and ecological problem for fields and surrounding areas. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of using the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus 7-1 and Kluyveromyces marxianus 8-1 to ferment the leaf waste from the harvesting of the Agave tequilana as a form of bioremediation. Fermentations (anaerobic, under constant shaking, and at room temperature) were monitored for colony forming units, pH of fermentation broth, concentration of reducing sugars, and protein …

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Cross-Selectivity In The Catalytic Ketonization Of Carboxylic Acids, Alexey Ignatchenko, Joseph Deraddo, Vincent Marino, Adam Mercado Jun 2015

Cross-Selectivity In The Catalytic Ketonization Of Carboxylic Acids, Alexey Ignatchenko, Joseph Deraddo, Vincent Marino, Adam Mercado

Chemistry Faculty/Staff Publications

A mixture of acetic and 2-methylpropanoic (isobutyric) acids representing non-branched and branched acids, respectively, was catalytically converted to a mixture of ketones in a set of statistically designed experiments (DOE). The selectivity toward the cross-ketonization product was analyzed depending on (a) temperature within 300–450 °C range, (b) molar fraction of each acid in the mixture, from 10% to 90%, and (c) liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) within 2–12 h−1, and compared against the selectivity toward two symmetrical ketones. Six metal oxide catalysts were tested and ranked on their ability to yield the cross-product as opposed to the self-condensation …

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Low-Voltage Polymer/Small-Molecule Blend Organic Thin-Film Transistors And Circuits Fabricated Via Spray Deposition, Simon Hunter, Jeremy W. Ward, Marcia M. Payne, John E. Anthony, Oana D. Jurchescu, Thomas D. Anthopoulos Jun 2015

Low-Voltage Polymer/Small-Molecule Blend Organic Thin-Film Transistors And Circuits Fabricated Via Spray Deposition, Simon Hunter, Jeremy W. Ward, Marcia M. Payne, John E. Anthony, Oana D. Jurchescu, Thomas D. Anthopoulos

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Organic thin-film electronics have long been considered an enticing candidate in achieving high-throughput manufacturing of low-power ubiquitous electronics. However, to achieve this goal, more work is required to reduce operating voltages and develop suitable mass-manufacture techniques. Here, we demonstrate low-voltage spray-cast organic thin-film transistors based on a semiconductor blend of 2,8-difluoro- 5,11-bis (triethylsilylethynyl) anthradithiophene and poly(triarylamine). Both semiconductor and dielectric films are deposited via successive spray deposition in ambient conditions (air with 40%–60% relative humidity) without any special precautions. Despite the simplicity of the deposition method, p-channel transistors with hole mobilities of >1 cm2/Vs are realized at −4 …

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Fast And Sensitive Genome-Hashing Software And Its Application In Using Ngs As A Detection Agent For Bacterial Presence In Oral Metagenomic Samples, Paul Michael Gontarz Jun 2015

Fast And Sensitive Genome-Hashing Software And Its Application In Using Ngs As A Detection Agent For Bacterial Presence In Oral Metagenomic Samples, Paul Michael Gontarz

Dissertations

Next generation sequencing has increased the throughput of sequenced DNA into the range of billions of nucleotides sequenced per day. With the increased speed of DNA sequencing and the short length of reads produced by next generation sequencers, a significant challenge has been created in quickly and accurately assembling the hundreds of millions of short reads created by modern sequencing instruments into their full genomic sequences. With the increase in throughput in next generation sequencing and the decrease in time and cost to perform DNA sequencing, novel applications for DNA sequencing are being considered. Among them is a methodology by …

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Mechanism Analysis Of Copper (Ii) Ions Interacting With Dimethylaminocyanostilbene, Eui Bin You, Ryan T. Hayes Ph.D. Jun 2015

Mechanism Analysis Of Copper (Ii) Ions Interacting With Dimethylaminocyanostilbene, Eui Bin You, Ryan T. Hayes Ph.D.

Posters, Presentations, and Papers

Previous research has suggested that the fluorescence of dimethylaminocyanostilbene (DCS) is selectively quenched by copper(II) ions.1 This study aimed to elucidate the fluorescence quenching mechanism and to explore its potential application to screen for copper ions in water samples. A spectroscopic Job Plot analysis was used to determine the stoichiometric ratio of DCS–copper(II) ion binding.2 Additionally, DCS was mixed with various buffered metal ion solutions and tested in different pH environments to reveal any ion-dependent and/or pH-dependent fluorescence response. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analysis of DCS mixed with various amounts of buffered copper(II) solution was also performed …

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Frustrated Abc Triblock Terpolymers Morphologies, Madalyn Radlauer, Yusuke Asai, Christophe Sinturel, Marc Hillmyer Jun 2015

Frustrated Abc Triblock Terpolymers Morphologies, Madalyn Radlauer, Yusuke Asai, Christophe Sinturel, Marc Hillmyer

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

No abstract provided.

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Crossed Mcmurry Coupling Reactions For Porphycenic Macrocycles: Non-Statistical Selectivity And Rationalisation, Thomas Y. Cowie, Lorna Kennedy, Justyna M. Zurek, Martin J. Paterson, Magnus Bebbington Jun 2015

Crossed Mcmurry Coupling Reactions For Porphycenic Macrocycles: Non-Statistical Selectivity And Rationalisation, Thomas Y. Cowie, Lorna Kennedy, Justyna M. Zurek, Martin J. Paterson, Magnus Bebbington

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Crossed McMurry reactions of bifuran- or bithiophenedicarbaldehydes with bipyrroledicarbaldehydes have been studied for the first time. Only those porphycenic macrocycles derived from homocoupled McMurry products were formed. The results are explained by using both density functional theory and electron propagator computations to model the electron affinity of the dialdehyde starting materials. It was predicted that bifuran\bithiophene cross-coupling would indeed occur, and this was demonstrated by the first synthesis of a novel dioxa,dithio hetero-porphycenoid annulene. This approach will allow the prior identification of viable substrates for related crossed McMurry reactions. In the first study of its type, experimental and computational studies …

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Crystal Structure Of Catena-Poly[[Chlorido(4,4'-Dimethyl-2,2'-Bipyridine-Κ2n,N')Copper(Ii)]-Μ-Chlorido], Rafaela Nita, Jeffrey R. Deschamps, Scott A. Trammell, D. Andrew Knight Jun 2015

Crystal Structure Of Catena-Poly[[Chlorido(4,4'-Dimethyl-2,2'-Bipyridine-Κ2n,N')Copper(Ii)]-Μ-Chlorido], Rafaela Nita, Jeffrey R. Deschamps, Scott A. Trammell, D. Andrew Knight

Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications

The title compound, [CuCl2(C12H12N2)]n, was obtained via a DMSO-mediated dehydration of Cu(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine)copper(II)·0.25H2O. The central CuII atom is coordinated in a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry by two N atoms of a chelating 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine ligand [average Cu-N = 2.03 (3) Å] and three Cl atoms, one terminal with a short Cu-Cl bond of 2.2506 (10) Å, and two symmetry-equivalent and bridging bonds. The bridging Cl atom links the CuII ions into chains parallel to [001] via one medium and one long Cu-Cl bond [2.3320 (10) and 2.5623 (9) Å]. The structure displays both inter- and intramolecular C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding.

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Efficient Esterification Of Oxidized L-Glutathione And Other Small Peptides, Emily Rose Vogel, William Jackson, Douglas S. Masterson Dr. Jun 2015

Efficient Esterification Of Oxidized L-Glutathione And Other Small Peptides, Emily Rose Vogel, William Jackson, Douglas S. Masterson Dr.

Faculty Publications

xidized l-glutathione was esterified to the tetra methyl ester using thionyl chloride in methanol solvent. Other alcohols were tested and the reaction progress was monitored via ESI-MS. This procedure proved to be compatible with other small peptides not containing serine and cysteine residues. In contrast to previously reported methods this procedure provided convenient access to esterified peptides requiring no purification, extended reaction times, or complicated reaction setups.

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Towards A Global Model Of Spin-Orbit Coupling In The Halocarbenes, Silver Nyambo, Cyrus Karshenas, Scott A. Reid, Phalgun Lolur, Richard Dawes Jun 2015

Towards A Global Model Of Spin-Orbit Coupling In The Halocarbenes, Silver Nyambo, Cyrus Karshenas, Scott A. Reid, Phalgun Lolur, Richard Dawes

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

We report a global analysis of spin-orbit coupling in the mono-halocarbenes, CH(D)X, where X = Cl, Br, and I. These are model systems for examining carbene singlet-triplet energy gaps and spin-orbit coupling. Over the past decade, rich data sets collected using single vibronic level emission spectroscopy and stimulated emission pumping spectroscopy have yielded much information on the ground vibrational level structure and clearly demonstrated the presence of perturbations involving the low-lying triplet state. To model these interactions globally, we compare two approaches. First, we employ a diabatic treatment of the spin-orbit coupling, where the coupling matrix elements are written in …

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Corrosion Protection Of 304 Stainless Steel With Melting Gels Coatings, Mario Aparicio, Andrei Jitianu, Gabriela Rodriguez, Ahmad Dengah, Kutaiba Marzoki, Jadra Mosa, Lisa C. Klein Jun 2015

Corrosion Protection Of 304 Stainless Steel With Melting Gels Coatings, Mario Aparicio, Andrei Jitianu, Gabriela Rodriguez, Ahmad Dengah, Kutaiba Marzoki, Jadra Mosa, Lisa C. Klein

Publications and Research

Methyl-substituted melting gels were used to coat AISI 304 stainless steel substrates. Crack-free coatings up to 1 mm in thickness were obtained. SEM micrographs of cross-sections con fi rm good adhesion to the surface. Samples were subjected to structural characterization using FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopy. Mechanical properties were investigated by micro-scratch tests. Electrochemical analyses (anodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) were performed in 3.5% NaCl solutions. Electrochemical tests show excellent performance of the coatings against corrosion with no sign of degradation after several months of immersion.

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The Best Of Both Worlds: Building On The Copus And Rtop Observation Protocols To Easily And Reliably Measure Various Levels Of Reformed Instructional Practice, Travis J. Lund, Matthew Pilarz, Jonathan B. Velasco, Devasmita Chakraverty, Kaitlyn Rosploch, Molly Undersander, Marilyne Stains Jun 2015

The Best Of Both Worlds: Building On The Copus And Rtop Observation Protocols To Easily And Reliably Measure Various Levels Of Reformed Instructional Practice, Travis J. Lund, Matthew Pilarz, Jonathan B. Velasco, Devasmita Chakraverty, Kaitlyn Rosploch, Molly Undersander, Marilyne Stains

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Researchers, university administrators, and faculty members are increasingly interested in measuring and describing instructional practices provided in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses at the college level. Specifically, there is keen interest in comparing instructional practices between courses, monitoring changes over time, and mapping observed practices to research-based teaching. While increasingly common observation protocols (Reformed Teaching Observation Protocol [RTOP] and Classroom Observation Protocol in Undergraduate STEM [COPUS]) at the postsecondary level help achieve some of these goals, they also suffer from weaknesses that limit their applicability. In this study, we leverage the strengths of these protocols to provide an …

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Advances In Understanding Carboxysome Assembly In Prochlorococcus And Synechococcus Implicate Csos2 As A Critical Component, Fei Cai, Zhicheng Dou, Susan L. Bernstein, Ryan Leverenz, Eric B. Williams, Sabine Heinhorst, Jessup M. Shively, Gordon C. Cannon, Cheryl A. Kerfeld Jun 2015

Advances In Understanding Carboxysome Assembly In Prochlorococcus And Synechococcus Implicate Csos2 As A Critical Component, Fei Cai, Zhicheng Dou, Susan L. Bernstein, Ryan Leverenz, Eric B. Williams, Sabine Heinhorst, Jessup M. Shively, Gordon C. Cannon, Cheryl A. Kerfeld

Faculty Publications

The marine Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus are the numerically dominant cyanobacteria in the ocean and important in global carbon fixation. They have evolved a CO2-concentrating-mechanism, of which the central component is the carboxysome, a self-assembling proteinaceous organelle. Two types of carboxysome, α and β, encapsulating form IA and form IB d-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, respectively, differ in gene organization and associated proteins. In contrast to the β-carboxysome, the assembly process of the α-carboxysome is enigmatic. Moreover, an absolutely conserved α-carboxysome protein, CsoS2, is of unknown function and has proven recalcitrant to crystallization. Here, we present studies on the CsoS2 protein in …

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Synthesis And Exploration Of Dopamine And 4‐ Hpaa Analogs For Norcoclaurine Synthase, Arthur A. Ralko Jun 2015

Synthesis And Exploration Of Dopamine And 4‐ Hpaa Analogs For Norcoclaurine Synthase, Arthur A. Ralko

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Precursor directed biosynthesis (PDB) presents a useful approach for modifying large scale drug and drug lead mole cules . Large molecular structures are synthetically modified as part of total synthesis approach, and often result in l ow yield and expensive r eagents. Of particular interest are plant alkaloid drugs, many of which come from tetrahydroisoquinoline (THI) precursor. We present an organic synthesis of novel dopamine and 4 - hydroxyphenacetaldehyde (4-HPAA) analogs as precursors for enzymatic conversion to tetrahydroisoquinoline analogs using norcoclaurine synthase (NCS) . Modifications for investigation include halogenation of the 2 and 5 positions of the aromatic ring and …

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Simulation Of Energetic Particle Precipitation Effects During The 2003-2004 Arctic Winter, C. E. Randall, V. L. Harvey, L. A. Holt, D. R. Marsh, D. Kinnison, B. Funke, P. F. Bernath Jun 2015

Simulation Of Energetic Particle Precipitation Effects During The 2003-2004 Arctic Winter, C. E. Randall, V. L. Harvey, L. A. Holt, D. R. Marsh, D. Kinnison, B. Funke, P. F. Bernath

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) during the 2003-2004 Arctic winter led to the production and subsequent transport of reactive odd nitrogen (NOx=NO+NO2) from the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) into the stratosphere. This caused NOx enhancements in the polar upper stratosphere in April 2004 that were unprecedented in the satellite record. Simulations of the 2003-2004 Arctic winter with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model using Specified Dynamics (SD-WACCM) are compared to satellite measurements to assess our understanding of the observed NOx enhancements. The comparisons show that SD-WACCM clearly displays the descent of NOx produced …

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Growth In Stratospheric Chlorine From Short-Lived Chemicals Not Controlled By The Montreal Protocol, R. Hossaoni, M. P. Chipperfield, A. Saiz-Lopez, J. J. Harrison, R. Von Glasow, R. Sommariva, E. Atlas, M. Navarro, S. A. Montzka, W. Feng, P. F. Bernath Jun 2015

Growth In Stratospheric Chlorine From Short-Lived Chemicals Not Controlled By The Montreal Protocol, R. Hossaoni, M. P. Chipperfield, A. Saiz-Lopez, J. J. Harrison, R. Von Glasow, R. Sommariva, E. Atlas, M. Navarro, S. A. Montzka, W. Feng, P. F. Bernath

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

We have developed a chemical mechanism describing the tropospheric degradation of chlorine containing very short-lived substances (VSLS). The scheme was included in a global atmospheric model and used to quantify the stratospheric injection of chlorine from anthropogenic VSLS (ClyVSLS) between 2005 and 2013. By constraining the model with surface measurements of chloroform (CHCl3), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), tetrachloroethene (C2Cl4), trichloroethene (C2HCl3), and 1,2-dichloroethane (CH2ClCH2Cl), we infer a 2013 ClyVSLS mixing ratio of 123 parts per trillion (ppt). Stratospheric injection …

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Studies On The Roles Of Translationally Recoded Proteins From Cyclooxygenase-1 And Nucleobindin Genes In Autophagy, Jonathan J. Lee Jun 2015

Studies On The Roles Of Translationally Recoded Proteins From Cyclooxygenase-1 And Nucleobindin Genes In Autophagy, Jonathan J. Lee

Theses and Dissertations

Advances in next-generation sequencing and ribosomal profiling methods highlight that the proteome is likely orders of magnitude larger than previously thought. This expansion potentially occurs through translational recoding, a process that results in the expression of multiple variations of a protein from a single messenger RNA. Our laboratory demonstrated that cyclooxygenase-3/1b (COX-3/1b), a frameshifted, intron-1-retaining, alternative splice variant from the COX-1 gene, is multiply recoded, which results in the translation of at least seven different COX-3 proteins. Two of the recoded COX-3 proteins that we identified are active prostaglandin synthases and are inhibited by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Here we …

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Synthesis, Rna Binding And Antibacterial Studies Of 2-Dos Mimetics And Development Of Polymer Supported Nanoparticle Catalysts For Nitroarene And Azide Reduction, Venkata Reddy Udumula Jun 2015

Synthesis, Rna Binding And Antibacterial Studies Of 2-Dos Mimetics And Development Of Polymer Supported Nanoparticle Catalysts For Nitroarene And Azide Reduction, Venkata Reddy Udumula

Theses and Dissertations

Project I 2-Deoxystreptamine (2-DOS), the most conserved central scaffold of aminoglycosides, is known to specifically recognize the 5'-GU-'3 sequence step through highly conserved hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions within and without the context of aminoglycosides (Figure 1a). We proposed that a novel monomeric unnatural amino acid building block using 2-DOS as a template would allow us to develop RNA binding molecules with higher affinity and selectivity than those currently available. Conjugating two or more of the monomeric building blocks by an amide bond would introduce extra hydrogen bonding donors and acceptors that are absent in natural aminoglycosides and increase specificity …

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Titanium Trisulfide Monolayer: Theoretical Prediction Of A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor With High And Anisotropic Carrier Mobility, Jun Dai, Xiao Cheng Zeng Jun 2015

Titanium Trisulfide Monolayer: Theoretical Prediction Of A New Direct-Gap Semiconductor With High And Anisotropic Carrier Mobility, Jun Dai, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

A new two-dimensional (2D) layered material, namely, titanium trisulfide (TiS3) monolayer, is predicted to possess novel electronic properties. Ab initio calculations show that the perfect TiS3 monolayer is a direct-gap semiconductor with a bandgap of 1.02 eV, close to that of bulk silicon, and with high carrier mobility. More remarkably, the in-plane electron mobility of the 2D TiS3 is highly anisotropic, amounting to about 10,000 cm2 V−1 s−1 in the b direction, which is higher than that of the MoS2 monolayer, whereas the hole mobility is about two orders of magnitude lower. …

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Internal Dynamics In The Molecular Complex Of Cf3cn And H2o, Wei Lin, Anan Wu, Xin Lu, Xiao Tang, Daniel A. Obenchain, Stewart E. Novick Jun 2015

Internal Dynamics In The Molecular Complex Of Cf3cn And H2o, Wei Lin, Anan Wu, Xin Lu, Xiao Tang, Daniel A. Obenchain, Stewart E. Novick

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

The rotational spectrum of trifluoroacetonitrile–water complex has been studied by pulsed-nozzle, Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. Both a-type and b-type transitions have been observed. The rotational constants, centrifugal distortion constants, and the 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling constants have been determined. The complex is T-shaped, with the oxygen atom from the water located 3.135 Å from the carbon atom of CF3 of the trifluoroacetonitrile molecule.

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Research For The Advancement Of Green Chemistry Practice: Studies In Atmospheric And Educational Chemistry, Steven Gene Cullipher Jun 2015

Research For The Advancement Of Green Chemistry Practice: Studies In Atmospheric And Educational Chemistry, Steven Gene Cullipher

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Green chemistry is a philosophy of chemistry that emphasizes a decreasing dependence on limited non-renewable resources and an increasing focus on preventing pollution byproducts of the chemical industry. In short, it is the discipline of chemistry practiced through the lens of environmental stewardship. In an effort to advance the practice of green chemistry, three studies will be described that have ramifications for the practice. The first study examines the atmospheric oxidation of a hydrofluorinated ether, a third-generation CFC replacement compound with primarily unknown atmospheric degradation products. Determination of these products has the potential to impact decisions on refrigerant usage in …

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Discovery Of Bisamide-Heterocycles As Inhibitors Of Scavenger Receptor Bi (Sr-Bi)-Mediated Lipid Uptake, Chris Dockendorff, Patrick W. Faloon, Andrew Germain, Miao Yu, Willmen Youngsaye, Partha P. Nag, Melissa Bennion, Marsha Penman, Thomas J.F. Nieland, Sivaraman Dandapani, José R. Perez, Benito Munoz, Michelle A. Palmer, Stuart L. Schreiber, Monty Krieger Jun 2015

Discovery Of Bisamide-Heterocycles As Inhibitors Of Scavenger Receptor Bi (Sr-Bi)-Mediated Lipid Uptake, Chris Dockendorff, Patrick W. Faloon, Andrew Germain, Miao Yu, Willmen Youngsaye, Partha P. Nag, Melissa Bennion, Marsha Penman, Thomas J.F. Nieland, Sivaraman Dandapani, José R. Perez, Benito Munoz, Michelle A. Palmer, Stuart L. Schreiber, Monty Krieger

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

A new series of potent inhibitors of cellular lipid uptake from HDL particles mediated by scavenger receptor, class B, type I (SR-BI) was identified. The series was identified via a high-throughput screen of the National Institutes of Health Molecular Libraries Small Molecule Repository (NIH MLSMR) that measured the transfer of the fluorescent lipid DiI from HDL particles to CHO cells overexpressing SR-BI. The series is characterized by a linear peptidomimetic scaffold with two adjacent amide groups, as well as an aryl-substituted heterocycle. Analogs of the initial hit were rapidly prepared via Ugi 4-component reaction, and select enantiopure compounds were prepared …

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A Study Of Allylic Aminations As Catalyzed By Heterobimetallic Pd-Ti Complexes, Diana Lauren Ellis Jun 2015

A Study Of Allylic Aminations As Catalyzed By Heterobimetallic Pd-Ti Complexes, Diana Lauren Ellis

Theses and Dissertations

Heterobimetallic complexes present a unique approach to catalyzing challenging reactions. By having two metals in close proximity to each other, the metals are able to interact and alter their electronics in a way that simple organic ligands (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur etc.) cannot. Our studies of heterobimetallic complexes focus on a Pd–Ti complex. The complex features a dative interaction between the palladium and the titanium held together by a phosphonamide scaffold. This interaction increases the electrophilicity of the palladium and makes it a very suitable catalyst for allylic amination reactions. We have conducted extensive studies of this catalyst in allylic aminations, …

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Extracellular Expression Of Alkaline Phytase In Pichia Pastoris: Influence Of Signal Peptides, Promoters And Growth Medium, Mimi Yang, Sasha Teymorian, Philip Olivares, Pushpalatha P.N. Murthy Jun 2015

Extracellular Expression Of Alkaline Phytase In Pichia Pastoris: Influence Of Signal Peptides, Promoters And Growth Medium, Mimi Yang, Sasha Teymorian, Philip Olivares, Pushpalatha P.N. Murthy

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Alkaline phytase isolated from pollen grains of Lilium longiflorum (LlALP) possesses unique catalytic and thermal stability properties that suggest it has the potential to be used as a feed supplement. However, substantial amounts of active enzymes are needed for animal feed studies and endogenous levels of LlALP in lily pollen are too low to provide the required amounts. Active rLlALP2 (coded by LlAlp2, one of two isoforms of alkaline phytase cDNA identified in lily pollen) has been successfully expressed in intracellular compartments of Pichia pastoris, however enzyme yields have been modest (25-30 mg/L) and purification of the enzyme has been …

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Effect Of Surfactant Architecture On Conformational Transitions Of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes, Greg A. Braggin Jun 2015

Effect Of Surfactant Architecture On Conformational Transitions Of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes, Greg A. Braggin

Master's Theses

Water soluble conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs), which fall under the category of conductive polymers, possess numerous advantages over other conductive materials for the fabrication of electronic devices. Namely, the processing of water soluble conjugated polyelectrolytes into thin film electronic devices is much less costly as compared to the processing of inorganic materials. Moreover, the handling of conjugated polyelectrolytes can be performed in a much more environmentally friendly manner than in the processing of other conjugated polymers because conjugated polyelectrolytes are water soluble, whereas other polymers will only dissolve in toxic organic solvents. The processing of electronic devices containing inorganic constituents such …

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Development Of Flexible Batteries Using Nano-Carbons And Polymers, Zhiqian Wang May 2015

Development Of Flexible Batteries Using Nano-Carbons And Polymers, Zhiqian Wang

Dissertations

Flexible electronics such as wearable equipment, displays, cell phones and smart cards require flexible power sources like batteries. In this thesis, the development of flexible batteries and supercapacitors are presented. Different types of flexible batteries including zinc carbon batteries, primary alkaline batteries, secondary alkaline batteries and zinc air cells are presented, These were designed, fabricated and improved using polymers and nano-carbons like carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs are found to be effective as conductive additives compared to the traditional graphite. Purification is important to remove impurities that lead to side reactions/ corrosions. However, further treatment like carboxylation lead to higher electric …

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