Chemistry Commons^™

The Synthesis Of A Cyclic Peptide Library For The Discovery Of Sickle-Cell Hemoglobin Ligands, Jeremy Henle, Brian Brennnan, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Synthesis Of A Thirty Member Macrocycle For Use In Host-Guest Chemistry, Keith A. Lehuta, Rebecca Roesner, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Electrochemical Assay Of Specific Biological Compounds Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy, Thomas Marlow, Aaron Moore, Melinda Baur, Faculty Advisor

John Wesley Powell Student Research Conference

No abstract provided.

An Expeditious Synthesis Of N-Substituted Pyrroles Via Microwave-Induced Iodine-Catalyzed Reactions Under Solventless Conditions, Debasish Bandyopadhyay, Sanghamitra Mukherjee, Bimal K. Banik

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Chemistry)

An expeditious synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles has been developed by reacting 2,5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran and several amines using a microwave-induced molecular iodine-catalyzed reaction under solventless conditions.

Dihydropyran Formation By A Two Step Process, James Zachary Wright

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The 2, 6-disubstitued dihydropyran is produced by a two step process, involving a Suzuki Miyaura Cross Coupling reaction followed by anintramolecular ring closing Michael Addition reaction. In this project a vinyl boronic acid, 6-(2-phenylethenyl)-2-hydroxy-I,2-oxaborole, was coupled with cis-ethyl-iodo-acrylate to yield ethyI 2E, 4Z, 8E-9-phenyl-7-hydroxy-2, 4, 8-nonatrienoate, which is capable of undergoing an intramolecular Michael addition to form the dihydropyran. The geometry of the cis enolate and the conjugated double bonds of the coupled product are such that under basic conditions a Michael addition is feasible. Throughout the project, the reaction conditions for high yields of Suzuki product were determined. Dihydropyrans …

Cytotoxicity Of Cu(Ii) And Zn(Ii) 2,2′-Bipyridyl Complexes: Dependence Of Ic 50 On Recovery Time, Yi Shi, Bonnie B. Toms, Namrata Dixit, Jerry Goodisman, James C. Dabrowiak

Chemistry - All Scholarship

We measure the cytotoxicity of three metal complexes containing the 2,2′-bypyridine ligand, Cu(bpy)(NCS) ₂, 1, [Cu(bpy) ₂(H ₂O)](PF ₆) ₂, 2, and Zn(bpy) ₂(NCS) ₂, 3, toward neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH) and ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3) using two different cell assays. The cells were exposed to various concentrations of the compounds for 1 h and the percent inhibition of cell growth, I, measured for various times after exposure, i.e., as a function of the recovery time t. After developing the theory showing the relationship between I and t, the cytotoxicity data were analyzed to …

Cytotoxicity Of Cu(Ii) And Zn(Ii) 2,2′-Bipyridyl Complexes: Dependence Of Ic_50 On Recovery Time, Yi Shi, Bonnie B. Toms, Namrata Dixit, Jerry Goodisman, James C. Dabrowiak

Chemistry - All Scholarship

We measure the cytotoxicity of three metal complexes containing the 2,2′-bypyridine ligand, Cu(bpy)(NCS)2, 1, [Cu(bpy)2(H2O)](PF6)2, 2, and Zn(bpy)2(NCS)2, 3, toward neuroblastoma cells (SKN- SH) and ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3) using two different cell assays. The cells were exposed to various concentrations of the compounds for 1 h and the percent inhibition of cell growth, I, measured for various times after exposure, i.e., as a function of the recovery time t. After developing the theory showing the relationship between I and t, the cytotoxicity data were analyzed to reveal that the two copper complexes, 1 and 2, cause the cells to …

Structural Basis For Catalysis By The Mono- And Dimetalated Forms Of The Dape-Encoded N-Succinyl-L,L-Diaminopimelic Acid Desuccinylase, Boguslaw P. Nocek, Danuta Gillner, Yao Fan, Richard C. Holz, Andzrej Joachimiak

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Biosynthesis of lysine and meso-diaminopimelic acid in bacteria provides essential components for protein synthesis and construction of the bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall. The dapE operon enzymes synthesize both meso-diaminopimelic acid and lysine and, therefore, represent potential targets for novel antibacterials. The dapE-encoded N-succinyl-l,l-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase functions in a late step of the pathway and converts N-succinyl-l,l-diaminopimelic acid to l,l-diaminopimelic acid and succinate. Deletion of the dapE gene is lethal to Helicobacter pylori and Mycobacterium smegmatis, indicating that DapE's are essential for cell growth and proliferation. Since there are no similar pathways in humans, inhibitors …

Identification Of Sea Turtle Leeches Using Dna Barcoding, Triet Minh Truong, Audrey E. Mcgowin Ph.D., Adrian M. Corbett Ph.D.

Chemistry Student Publications

Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a panzootic plaguing all species of sea turtles with green turtles having the highest percentage of affliction. Although fibropapilloma-associated turtle herpes virus (FPTHV) has been identified as the causative agent of FP, the primary vector triggering this chronic tumor-forming disease is still unknown. Parasitic marine leeches (Ozobranchus spp.) could be a potential mechanical vector behind the emergence of this panzootic, although it is uncertain if it is species specific. Ozobranchus spp. are very small and difficult to distinguish anatomically, and until now, there have been few attempts to document them. DNA barcoding using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase …

Environmental Analysis Of Toxic Metals Produced By Cigarette Smoking, Catherine H. Swandby, Melissa C. Rhoten, Joseph E. Garcia

Theses & Honors Papers

Trace metal elements introduced into our environment from anthropogenic sources can become toxic at high levels contributing to a host of human and animal health problems. The purpose of this work is to initially characterize toxic metals present in cigarette tobacco and ash using Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (ETAAS). The broader impact of this study is to assess the environmental effects of cigarette smoking around designated smoking areas on the Longwood University campus. Smokers may not be informed about the potential harm to the environment from "ashing" directly on the ground. If the toxic metals present in cigarette ash are …

Adaptivearc And The Future Of The Energy Industry, Trevor Chase

Earth and Soil Sciences

No abstract provided.

An Entrepreneurial Approach To Librarianship, Flora Shrode, Jennifer Duncan, Wendy Holliday

Library Faculty & Staff Publications

Librarians from Utah State University explain recent efforts to encourage subject librarians to take a more holistic view of their roles. We are shifting from a traditional emphasis primarily on collection development and refocusing on natural connections between collections, instruction, liaison, and reference service. The poster provides background about Utah State University’s situation and explains our approach to analyzing local needs and culture to inform development of a new organizational structure. We describe our vision of subject librarianship, the process by which we assessed librarians’ ideas and goals for performing as subject librarians, and the actions we are taking to …

The Reaction Of A Water Soluble Platinum Compound With Methionine And Derivatives, Yueh Ying Liao

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Water soluble platinum complexes are a recent area of emphasis of cisplatin chemistry. The water soluble complexes could have a reduced toxicity compared with cisplatin. Oxaliplatin, which has an oxalate leaving group, has previously been shown to have less nephro-toxicity and higher water solubility than cisplatin. [Pt(en)(oxalate)] (en = ethylenediamine) has been prepared from Pt(en)Cl2 and silver oxalate. This complex has been reacted with methionine and N-acetylmethionine at different molar ratios. At high Pt: methionine ratios, chelates with the sulfur and nitrogen atoms of the methionine are dominant; at lower Pt: methionine ratios, a bis-methionine product is formed. The en …

Department Of Chemistry News For Alumni And Friends, April 2010, Illinois State University, Department Of Chemistry

Chem Letter

Newsletter of the Illinois State University Department of Chemistry

Section Abstracts: Chemistry

Virginia Journal of Science

Abstracts of the Chemistry Section for the 88th Annual Meeting of the Virginia Academy of Science, May 20-21, 2010, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.

Coordination Chemistry Of Tetra(Pyrazolyl)-Lutidine Ligands And Derivatives, Tyler James Morin

Dissertations (1934 -)

There is current interest in the coordination chemistry of simple AE4 pentadentate ligands that occupy one axial (A) and four equatorial (E) positions about a given transition metal center considering that systems capable of mediating spectacular organic transformations such as alkane oxidation have been identified. The discovery of new systems will improve understanding of C-H bond activation processes which is critical to help make more efficient use of the currently diminishing fossil fuel supplies. As such, a new pentadentate ligand α,α,α',α'-tetra(pyrazolyl)lutidine (pz4lut) and its derivatives pz4,4lut, (pz4, = 4-methylpyrazole); pz*4lut, (pz* = 3,5-dimethylpyrazole); pzDIP4lut, (pzDIP = 3,5-diisopropylpyrazole) have been synthesized …

Direct Ammonia Derivative Fuel Cell (Dadfc), University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center

EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets

Fact sheet on direct ammonia derivative fuel cells (DADFCs), including information on their economic and environmental benefits. [This item is an outdated or superseded version and retained for historical purposes only. It may no longer reflect current information, policies, or practices.]

Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics In Type Ii Znse/Cds/Znse Nanobarbells, Nishshanka N. Hewa-Kasakarage, Patrick Z. El-Khoury, Alexander N. Tarnovsky, Maria Kirsanova, Ian Nemitz, Alexander Nemchinov, Mikhail Zamkov

Chemistry Faculty Publications

We employ femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to get an insight into ultrafast processes occurring at the interface of type II ZnSe/CdS heterostructured nimocrystals fabricated via colloidal routes and comprising a barbell-like arrangement of ZnSe tips and CdS nanorods. Our study shows that resonant excitation of ZnSe tips results in an unprecedently fast transfer of excited Electrons into CdS domains of nanobarbells (<0.35 ps), whereas selective pumping of CdS components loads to a relatively slow injection of photoinduced holes into ZnSe tips (tau(h) = 95 ps). A qualitative thermodynamic description of observed electron processes within the classical limit of Marcus theory was used to identify a specific charge transfer regime associated with the ultrafast electron injection into CdS. Potential photocatalytic applications of the observed fast separation of carriers along the main axis of ZnSe/CdS barbells are discussed.

Synthesis Of Chemically Produced Toner (Cpt) By Emulsion Aggregation Process., Ng Wei Goon

Student Works (2010-2019)

This project studied the full process of producing Chemically Produced Toner (CPT) used in laser printer. Latex particles of 0.40 to 0.60 μm were prepared by semicontinuous emulsion polymerization process. A series of latexes was made from the copolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate and acrylic acid monomers in the presence of surfactants Dowfax 2A1 (anionic) and Ipegal 897 (non-ionic) surfactants with potassium persulphate as the initiator. The addition of different percentage of chain transfer agent (CTA), 1-dodecanethiol was used to control the molecular weight distribution. As the percentage of CTA was increased, the molecular weight and glass transition temperature decreased …

Preparation Of Styrene Acrylic Copolymer Toner Resin By Solution Polymerization., Neo Su Siang

Student Works (2010-2019)

This project has investigated solution polymerization to produce toner resins. There are three stages: (i) synthesis of low molecular weight styrene acrylic copolymer; (ii) synthesis of high molecular weight styrene acrylic copolymer; (iii) mixing high and low molecular weight copolymers. Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) was used to study molecular weight distributions, Melt Flow Index (MFI) Instrument to study the flowability of resin, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to study the thermal properties of resin, and acid number to quantitate the amount of acidic group in the resin. A comparison of properties between the experimental samples, patent’s claims, and commercial resins had …

Functionalization Of Aromatic Organic Molecules By Anhydrous Fluorides And By Reductive Elimination Of Iodine(Iii), Bijia Wang

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Solution phase reactivity of nucleophilic fluoride reagents is attenuated by ion-pairing interactions. ¹H-¹⁹F HOESY competition experiments permit generation of a fluoride ion affinity scale in the weak-binding regime. Direct DFT calculations of ion pair interaction energies as well as calculated cation electrostatic potential maps can be used to predict solution phase ion pairing tendencies for closely related ammonium cations. It was found by studying the decomposition of tetra-substituted ammonium cations by fluoride that: 1) rates of E2 decomposition is faster than the S_N2 pathway; 2) aryl substituents destabilize the cations; 3) steric strain tends to …

Characterization Of Glycation Sites On Human Serum Albumin Using Mass Spectrometry, Omar S. Barnaby

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The modification of proteins by reducing sugars is a process that occurs naturally in the body. This process, which is known as glycation, has been linked to many of the chronic complications encountered during diabetes. Glycation has also been linked to changes in the binding of human serum albumin (HSA) to several drugs and small solutes in the body. While these effects are known, there is little information that  explains why these changes in binding occur. The goal of this project was to obtain qualitative and quantitative information about glycation that occurs on HSA. The first section of this dissertation …

C - Reactive Protein Induced Rearrangement Of Phosphatidylcholine On Nanoparticle Mimics Of Lipoprotein Particles, Marilyn R. Mackiewicz, Heather L. Hodges, Scott M. Reed

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Lipid-coated metal nanoparticles are developed here as a mimic of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and used to study C-reactive protein (CRP) binding to highly curved lipid membranes. A 12 nm shift in the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) was observed when CRP was added to the lipid-coated gold nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that CRP induced a structural change to the lipids, resulting in clusters of nanoparticles. This clustering provides a visualization of how CRP could cause the aggregation of LDL particles, which is a key step in atherosclerosis. The cluster formation and resultant LSPR shift requires the presence …

Hrc Enews — 2010 Spring, Megan K. Svarz

Publications (HRC)

This issue contains staff accomplishments and announcements, event listings, a "new faces" listing for new staff, affiliates, and researchers, and an "of interest" section.

Volume 03, Cheryl Peck, Charles Hoever, Longwood Theater Department, Brittany Anderson, J. Ervin Sheldon, Richard Hayden, Yuri Calustro, Candice Fleming, Rebecca Franklin, Ashley Yocum, Danielle M. Jagoda, Cristina M. Valdivieso, Jameka Jones, Amy Ellis, Ashley Maser, Erikk Shupp, Jamie Yurasits, Joshua Davis, Alexander Leonhart, Kenny Wolfe, Sally Meadows, J. Haley, Amy Jackson, Morgan Howard, Adrienne Heinbaugh, Melissa Dorton, Ciarra Stalker

Incite: The Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship

Introduction from Dean Dr. Charles Ross

Little Shop of Horrors by Longwood Theater Department

Who Has the Hottest Hotsauce in Farmville: A Quantitative Comparison of Sauces from Local Restaurants by Cheryl Peck and Charles Hoever

Precipitation Effects on the Growth of White Oaks and Virginia Pines on the Mt. Vernon Plantation by Brittany Anderson

Design and Synthesis of Novel Ion Binding Molecules for Self-Assembly and Sensing Applications by J. Ervin Sheldon

A Statistical Analysis of Algorithms for Playing SameGame by Richard Hayden

Intersecting Cylinders at Arbitrary Angles by Yuri Calustro

Putting a Foot in the Revolving Door: Strategies for Reducing …

The Development Of An Effective Water-Soluble Receptor For Pyrene Derivative Dyes, Ashley Longstreet

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

A receptor with enhanced water solubility was synthesized from an existing receptor to be used as a pyranine fluorescence quencher in endovesiculation detection assays. The existing receptor consisted of a cyclen core with four protruding arms containing an aryl nitro group at each end. Its poor water solubility limited the accuracy and precision of the endovesiculation assay because the low concentration of receptor did not match the concentration of pyranine. To increase the water solubility, ethoxy groups were attached to the ends of each arm by first selectively reducing the nitro group to an amine with NaBHU4, H2, and a …

Relatin Dissolved Oxygen Concentration To Fish Distribution In Jarecki Lake, Adam Sutton

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

Abstract Water temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) profiles were measured once every month from mid July to mid February in a relatively deep sand-pit lake in southeast Nebraska. These profiles showed depleted DO concentrations below the thermocline during summer stratification indicating areas fish will likely avoid in summer months. Colder temperatures in fall caused complete mixing of the water column allowing fish to inhabit all depths of the lake. An inverse temperature stratification occurred directly below the ice during winter months as ice cover cooled the surface water to below 4 degrees Celsius. Ice cover also blocked air – water …

Herbicides And Amphibian Populations, Zach Shirk

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

Amphibians are a unique class of species that are found worldwide except Antarctica and Greenland. They range in size from a few millimeters to over six feet long. Amphibian’s habitats are as various as their size, but one thing in common is that amphibians require an aquatic location to breed. Amphibians live in deserts, mountain prairies, rain forest, wetlands, and almost everywhere in between. Amphibians are an integrated part of most natural ecosystems across the world. Amphibians are a critical part of many food chains; they provide the important link between secondary and tertiary consumers. Amphibians are indicator species in …

Inhibitors Of NΑ-Acetyl-L-Ornithine Deacetylase: Synthesis, Characterization And Analysis Of Their Inhibitory Potency, J. Hlavacek, J. Picha, V. Vanek, J. Jiracek, J. Slaninova, V. Fucik, M. Budesinsky, Danuta M. Gillner, Richard C. Holz

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

A series of N ^α-acyl (alkyl)- and N ^α-alkoxycarbonyl-derivatives of l- and d-ornithine were prepared, characterized, and analyzed for their potency toward the bacterial enzyme N ^α-acetyl-l-ornithine deacetylase (ArgE). ArgE catalyzes the conversion of N ^α-acetyl-l-ornithine to l-ornithine in the fifth step of the biosynthetic pathway for arginine, a necessary step for bacterial growth. Most of the compounds tested provided IC₅₀ values in the μM range toward ArgE, indicating that they are moderately strong inhibitors. N ^α-chloroacetyl-l-ornithine (1g) was the best inhibitor tested toward ArgE providing an IC₅₀ value of 85 …

Synergistic Effect Of Carbon Nanotubes And Decabromodiphenyl Oxide/Sb2O3 In Improving The Flame Retardancy Of Polystyrene, Hongdian Lu, Charles A. Wilkie

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Brominated flame retardant polystyrene composites were prepared by melt blending polystyrene, decabromodiphenyl oxide, antimony oxide, multi-wall carbon nanotubes and montmorillonite clay. Synergy between carbon nanotubes and clay and the brominated fire retardant was studied by thermogravimetric analysis, microscale combustion calorimetry and cone calorimetry. Nanotubes are more efficient than clay in improving the flame retardancy of the materials and promoting carbonization in the polystyrene matrix. Comparison of the results from the microscale combustion calorimeter and the cone calorimeter indicate that the rate of change of the peak heat release rate reduction in the microscale combustion calorimeter was slower than that in …