Chemistry Commons^™

A Dielectric Affinity Microbiosensor, Xian Huang, Siqi Li, Jerome S. Schultz, Qian Wang, Qiao Lin

Faculty Publications

We present an affinity biosensing approach that exploits changes in dielectric properties of a polymer due to its specific, reversible binding with an analyte. The approach is demonstrated using a microsensor comprising a pair of thin-film capacitive electrodes sandwiching a solution of poly(acrylamide-ran-3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid), a synthetic polymer with specific affinity to glucose. Binding with glucose induces changes in the permittivity of the polymer, which can be measured capacitively for specific glucose detection, as confirmed by experimental results at physiologically relevant concentrations. The dielectric affinity biosensing approach holds the potential for practical applications such as long-term continuous glucose monitoring.

Construction, Figures Of Merit And Testing Of A Single-Cell Fluorescence Excitation Spectroscopy System, Laura S. Hill, Tammi L. Richardson, Louisa T.M. Profeta, Timothy J. Shaw, Christopher J. Hintz, Benjamin S. Twining, Evelyn Lawrenz, Micheal L. Myrick

Faculty Publications

Characterization of phytoplankton community composition is critical to understanding the ecology and biogeochemistry of the oceans. One approach to taxonomic characterization takes advantage of differing pigmentation between algal taxa and thus differences in fluorescence excitation spectra. Analyses of bulk water samples, however, may be confounded by interference from chromophoric dissolved organic matter or suspended particulate matter. Here, we describe an instrument that uses a laser trap based on a Nikon TE2000-U microscope to position individual phytoplankton cells for confocal fluorescence excitation spectroscopy, thus avoiding interference from the surrounding medium. Quantitative measurements of optical power give data in the form of …

Quantum Trajectory Dynamics In Imaginary Time With The Momentum-Dependent Quantum Potential, Sophya Garashchuk

Faculty Publications

The quantum trajectory dynamics is extended to the wave function evolution in imaginary time. For a nodeless wave function a simple exponential form leads to the classical-like equations of motion of trajectories, representing the wave function, in the presence of the momentum-dependent quantum potential in addition to the external potential. For a Gaussian wave function this quantum potential is a time-dependent constant, generating zero quantum force yet contributing to the total energy. For anharmonic potentials the momentum-dependent quantum potential is cheaply estimated from the global Least-squares Fit to the trajectory momenta in the Taylor basis. Wave functions with nodes are …

Transition-Metal Ion Exchange Using Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Oligomers As Solvents, Gina M. Canfield, Michael Bizimis, Susan E. Latturner

Faculty Publications

Poly(ethylene glycol) oligomers have been found to be effective as alternative solvents for the ion exchange of Mn2þ , Fe2 þ , and Co2þ into hydrated and dehydrated Zeolite X (Na80Al80Si112- O384 3 nH2O). When attempted in aqueous solutions, the exchange of these cations quickly leads to destruction of the zeolite structure within 1-2 exchange cycles. However, in PEG oligomer solvents, the structure can be maintained and exchanges of 48% (Co2þ ), 80% (Mn2þ ), and 91% (Fe2þ ) are observed after one cycle under hydrated conditions. When rigorous steps are taken to remove all water from the zeolite before …

Dynamic Path Bifurcation For The Beckmann Reaction: Observation And Implication, H. Yamataka, M. Sato, H. Hasegawa, Salai Cheettu Ammal

Faculty Publications

The reaction of oximes to amides, known as the Beckmann rearrangement, may undergo fragmentation to form carbocations + nitriles instead of amides when the cations have reasonable stability. The reactions of oxime derivatives of 1-substituted-phenyl-2-propanones and 3-substituted-phenyl-2-butanones in aqueous solvents gave both rearrangement and fragmentation products, the ratio of which was dependent on substituents. Transition state (TS) optimizations and intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) calculations for the reaction of 1-phenyl-2-propanone oximes showed that there is a single TS for each substituted compound. The IRC path from the TS either led to a rearrangement product or a fragmentation product depending on the …

A Model For Understanding Epilepsy In Peromyscus, Kevin Ryan, Gabor Szalai

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Xanthene Carboxamides: Indicators For The Assay Of N-Buli And Etmgbr, Shekelia Baccus, M. Perry Davis Jr., David R. Magnin

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of The Sumter Wastewater Treatment Plant On The Survival And Reproduction Of Ceriodaphnia Dubia In Chronic Toxicity Tests, Erin Worley, Pearl R. Fernandes, S. Michele Harmon, Jeff Steinmetz

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Associative Learning In Larval Dosophila Melanogaster: The Role Of Heredity In Learning Speed And Persistence Of Leaning Into Adulthood, Jasmin Hicklen, Domonique Jones, Michelle Vieyra

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Rfx2 Is A Candidate Downstream Amplifier Of A-Myb Regulation In Mouse Spermatogenesis, Gary C. Horvath, Malathi K. Kistler, Wilson Stephen Kistler

Faculty Publications

Background: Mammalian spermatogenesis involves formation of haploid cells from the male germline and then a complex morphological transformation to generate motile sperm. Focusing on meiotic prophase, some tissue-specific transcription factors are known (A-MYB) or suspected (RFX2) to play important roles in modulating gene expression in pachytene spermatocytes. The current work was initiated to identify both downstream and upstream regulatory connections for Rfx2.

Results: Searches of pachytene up-regulated genes identified high affinity RFX binding sites (X boxes) in promoter regions of several new genes: Adam5, Pdcl2, and Spag6. We confirmed a strong promoter-region X-box for Alf, a germ cell-specific variant of …

Wavepacket Approach To The Cumulative Reaction Probability Within The Flux Operator Formalism, Sophya Garashchuk, Tijo Vazhappilly

Faculty Publications

Expressions for the singular flux operator eigenfunctions and eigenvalues are given in terms of the Dirac δ-function representable as a localized Gaussian wavepacket. This functional form enables computation of the cumulative reaction probability N(E) from the wavepacket time-correlation functions. The Gaussian based form of the flux eigenfunctions, which is not tied to a finite basis of a quantum-mechanical calculation, is particularly useful for approximate calculation of N(E) with the trajectory based wavepacket propagation techniques. Numerical illustration is given for the Eckart barrier using the conventional quantum-mechanical propagation and the quantum trajectory dynamics with the approximate quantum potential. N(E) converges with …

Succination Of Thiol Groups In Adipose Tissue Proteins In Diabetes: Succination Inhibits Polymerization And Secretion Of Adiponectin, Norma Frizzell, Mathur Rajesh, Matthew J. Jepson, Ryoji Nagai, James A. Carson, Suzanne R. Thorpe, John W. Baynes

Faculty Publications

S-(2-Succinyl)cysteine (2SC) is formed by reaction of the Krebs cycle intermediate fumarate with cysteine residues in protein, a process termed succination of protein. Both fumarate and succination of proteins are increased in adipocytes cultured in high glucose medium (Nagai, R., Brock, J. W., Blatnik, M., Baatz, J. E., Bethard, J., Walla, M. D., Thorpe, S. R., Baynes, J. W., and Frizzell, N. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282, 34219-34228). We show here that succination of protein is also increased in epididymal, mesenteric, and subcutaneous adipose tissue of diabetic (db/db) mice and that adiponectin is a major target for succination in both …

Cardiac And Renal Function Are Progressively Impaired With Aging In Zucker Diabetic Fatty Type Ii Diabetic Rats, John W. Baynes, David B. Murray

Faculty Publications

This study investigated the temporal relationship between cardiomyopathy and renal pathology in the type II diabetic Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat. We hypothesized that changes in renal function will precede the development of cardiac dysfunction in the ZDF rat. Animals (10 weeks old) were divided into four experimental groups: Lean Control (fa/?) LC(n = 7), untreated ZDF rats (n = 7) sacrificed at 16 weeks of age, and LC (n = 7) untreated ZDF rats (n = 9) sacrificed at 36 weeks of age. LV structural/functional parameters were assessed via Millar conductance catheter. Renal function was evaluated via markers of …

Controlled Assembly Of Rodlike Viruses With Polymers, Tao Li, Laying Wu, Nisaraporn Suthiwangcharoen, Michael A. Bruckman, Dayton Cash, Joan S. Hudson, Soumitra Ghoshroy, Qian Wang

Faculty Publications

A practical method to assemble rodlike tobacco mosaic virus and bacteriophage M13 with polymers was developed, which afforded a 3D core–shell composite with morphological control.

Mammaglobin As A Potential Molecular Target For Breast Cancer Drug Delivery, Lian Zuo, Ly Li, Qian Wang, Timothy P. Fleming, Shaojin You

Faculty Publications

Background Mammaglobin (MAM) has been used as a specific molecular marker for breast cancer diagnosis. Recently, several groups of researchers proposed a number of therapeutic strategies targeting this molecule. Some of the strategies are based upon an essential but not demonstrated hypothesis - mammaglobin is associated with the surface of breast cancer cells, which strongly disputes the therapeutic strategies. Results We conducted a computer-based predictive analysis and identified a small fragment at the N-end of MAM as a potential transmembrane domain. We provided several evidences to demonstrate the presence of the membrane-associated MAM. We isolated the membrane protein components from …

Tobacco Mosaic Virus Templated Synthesis Of One Dimensional Inorganic–Polymer Hybrid Fibres, Jianhua Rong, Fiona Oberbeck, Xinnan Wang, Xiaodong Li, Jerry Oxsher, Zhongwei Niu, Qian Wang

Faculty Publications

Inorganic–polymer hybrid nanofibres were prepared by using a rod-like tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as a template. With tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as a precursor, long silica-coated TMVfibres were formed via a head-to-tail assembly, which showed a substantial increase of the elastic modulus. Furthermore, homogenous titania–TMV hybrid fibres could be prepared using polyaniline-coated TMV fibres as a template, which were used to form a composite film that was able to sense liquefied petroleum gases.

Tetraquabis(5-Fluorosaccharinato)Nickel(Ii), Larnelle Peterson, Jennifer Kelley, Leroy Peterson Jr., Mark D. Smith, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

In the centrosymmetric title complex, [Ni(C₇H₃FNO₃S)₂(H₂O)₄], the Ni^II atom exhibits a slightly distorted trans-NiN₂O₄ octahedral coordination. The nitrogen donors are provided by two 5-fluorosaccharinate ligands and the oxygen donors are provided by four water molecules. The crystal structure features O-HO and bifurcated O-H(F,O) hydrogen bonds, the latter involving the F atom of the 5-fluorosaccharinate ligand.

Diaquabis(5-Fluoro-2-Hydroxybenzoato-Κo1)Zinc(Ii), Diana Rishmawi, Jennifer Kelley, Mark D. Smith, Leroy Peterson, Hans-Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

The title compound, [Zn(C₇H₄FO₃)₂(H₂O)₂], is a monomeric Zn^II complex. The Zn^II atom, which lies on a twofold rotation axis, is situated in a distorted tetrahedral environment composed of two monodentate carboxlyate O atoms and two water O atoms. O-HO hydrogen bonds link these units, forming sheets that are stacked along the c axis.

Faculty Should Consider Peer Review As A Means Of Improving Students' Scientific Reasoning Skills, Briana Timmerman, Denise Strickland

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Integrated Biomedical Science Graduate Program At The University Of South Carolina, Richard Hunt

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Synthesis Of Fatty Acid Binding Protein Inhibitors: A New Approach For Diabetes Treatment, Shekelia Baccus, M. Perry Davis Jr, David R. Magnin

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Generation Of A Retroviral Vector That Expresses An Anti-Hiv-1 Tat Hammerhead Ribozyme, Lindsey E. Padgett, William H. Jackson

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Incubation Time On The Generation Of Benzene In Sierra Mist Free, Sarah Law

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Downregulation Of Hiv-1 Vif By A Hammerhead Ribozyme Expressed From A Retroviral Vector, Audrey M. Hendley, William Jackson

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Thaw Temperature On Murine Blastocyst Development, Heather M. Barton, H. Lee Higdon Iii, Ph.D., Jennifer E. Graves-Herring M.S., William R. Boone, Ph.D.

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Growing Method And The Food Processing System On Bacterial Concentration In Spinach, Thad S. Moore, Lisa W. Norman

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Temperature Changes Resulting From A Gaalas Laser In The Decontamination Of A Failing Dental Implant, Adam B. Oppenheimer

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Where Do Mouse Embryos Thrive Best? Comparison Of Mammalian Embryo Development Under Varying Laboratory Environments, Yvonne K. Kao, H. Lee Higdon Iii, Ph.D, Jennifer E. Graves-Herring , M.S., William R. Boone Ph.D

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Raman Spectroscopy Of Biological Molecules And Inorganic Compounds, Jasmine Gardner

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation describes the use of multiple Raman spectroscopic techniques for the detection and characterization of non-hazardous organic and inorganic compounds. The first two applications involve the use of Raman and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy to thoroughly analyze autoinducers (AI) produced by gram negative bacteria. The second set of applications involves the use of anti-Stokes Raman and resonance Raman spectroscopy to remotely detect inorganic compounds at distances of up to 12 meters away.

Chapters two and three describe the use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization and discrimination of signaling molecules used in bacterial communication. Our initial work shows the …

Oriented Cell Growth On Self-Assembled Bacteriophage M13 Thin Films, Jianhua Rong, L. Andrew Lee, Kai Li, Brandon Harp, Charlene M. Mello, Zhongwei Niu, Qian Wang

Faculty Publications

Fibrillar M13 bacteriophages were used as basic building blocks to generate thin films with aligned nanogrooves, which, upon chemical grafting with RGD peptides, guide cell alignment and orient the cell outgrowth along defined directions.