Chemistry Commons^™

Letter From The Editor - Choe, Kwan Kyoo Choe

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Call For The Student Writing Competition

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Call For Submission

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Security Culture And Its Self-Assessment As Supplementary Tools For Nuclear Security Training, Igor Khripunov, Sara Z. Kutchesfahani, Khairul -. Khairul -

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Security Culture and its Self-Assessment as Supplementary Tools for Nuclear Security Training

Igor Khripunov, PhD

Center for International Trade and Security, University of Georgia (USA)

Sara Z. Kutchesfahani, PhD

Center for International Trade and Security, University of Georgia (USA)

Khairul Khairul

National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia (BATAN)

Abstract

Nuclear security culture – an emerging and widely recognized practice – serves as a means to support and enhance nuclear security. In fact, many International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) publications and the Nuclear Security Summits have highlighted the vital role of nuclear security culture and raised its status to the same …

Letter From The Editor - Frahi-Amroun, Akila Frahi-Amroun

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Editor - Hirst, Russel K. Hirst

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Building The Education And Training Pillar Of The University Of Tennessee’S Institute For Nuclear Security, Howard Lewis Hall

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The University of Tennessee (UT) developed its first formal and coordinated efforts in nuclear security education in 2008-2009 with its graduate certificate program in nuclear security in the Department of Nuclear Engineering. Building on this work, in 2011 UT established the UT Institute for Nuclear Security (INS) as a collaborative center at the university to expand its curricular impact as well as foster research and partnerships with nearby major governmental facilities engaged in nuclear security work. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12), and Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) have joined with UT as charter members …

Promoting Excellence And Demonstrated Competence For Nuclear Security Training, Daniel Johnson, Brunelle Battistella, Roger Howsley

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The international community has spent considerable time, money, and effort attempting to establish a series of national and regional Centres of Excellence (COEs), also known as Nuclear Security Training and Support Centres (NSSCs). These Centres tend to have a wide variety of objectives, structures, and methods of delivery. Unsurprisingly, no internationally accepted standard exists on how they should operate. The IAEA has produced some excellent guidance (TECDOC 1734), but by virtue of its role cannot provide standards for benchmarking success. Against this backdrop, the World Institute for Nuclear Security (WINS) launched the WINS Academy, an initiative to provide practitioners with …

Nuclear Security Education At Pakistan Institute Of Engineering And Applied Sciences (Pieas): Current Status, Future Prospects And The Lessons Learnt, Tariq Majeed Dr.

International Journal of Nuclear Security

In this paper, the details of nuclear security education at Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS) have been discussed. Nuclear Security education was initiated at PIEAS as a sub-specialty of its MS Nuclear Engineering Program in October 2009. Two courses, Nuclear Security (NE-581) and Physical Protection Systems (NE-582) have been offered on regular basis in the 3^rd and 4^th semesters. To date, 72 students have been graduated with this sub-specialty. The most important lesson learnt is that introduction of nuclear security related courses in nuclear engineering program has opened up new venues of applications of nuclear …

Nuclear Security And Hrd - Viet Nam’S Effort, Nu-Hoai-Vi Nguyen, Tan Huu Vuong

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Viet Nam is expanding its nuclear energy program for the application in various areas including industries, agriculture, healthcare, education and research. Recognizing the importance of the nineteen issues laid out in the IAEA document “Milestones in Development of a National Infrastructure for Nuclear Power” [1], Vietnam is considering how to address these issues. This paper describes the establishment of nuclear security infrastructure in Viet Nam and how Viet Nam has addressed one of the nineteen issues, that is human resource development in nuclear energy in general and in nuclear security in particular.

Challenges And Responses For Ensuring Sustainability Of Insa Training Programs, Jongsook Kim, Hyung-Kyung Lee, Jin-Young Lee

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Providing a systematic training is critical for a state or international perspective to reinforce nuclear security regime nationally or internationally. Korea government recognizes the importance of such challenge, and established the INSA under the KINAC as a Center of Excellence for fostering national nuclear security capacity and contributing international nuclear security governance. INSA started with the government policy that the establishment of sustainable education and training infrastructure and processes is fundamental to the capacity building strategy. After established, INSA has been designing and delivering the domestic and international/regional training programs for the purpose of fostering human resources development in nuclear …

Graphene Quantum Dots Electrochemistry And Development Of Sensitive Electrochemical Biosensor [Hybrid Poster 1-B], Tyler Smith, Alexander Banaszak

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are zero-dimensional material derived from graphene derivatives with characteristics from the structure of graphene with quantum confinement and edge effects possessing unique properties. Intense research activity in GQDs is attributed to their novel physical-chemical phenomena arising from the sp²-bonded carbon core surrounded with edge functional moieties. In this work, GQDs of optimal 5-7 nm size are investigated for their fundamental electrochemical properties and use in electrochemical sensing including enzyme-based glucose biosensor. Glucose oxidase (GO_x) was immobilized on GQDs modified glassy carbon (GC) and the UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, electron microscopy, cyclic …

Molecular Sensitivity And Selectivity Of Metal Nanoparticles Decorated Graphene As ‘Smart’ Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) Platforms [Hybrid Poster 1-A], Alexander Banaszak, Tyler Smith

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Raman scattering signal enhancement that uses graphene as support, graphene-enhanced Raman scattering (GERS), is a recent phenomenon. It can produce clean and reproducible Raman signals of chemical molecules with significantly enhanced signal intensity in contrast to traditional surface- (SERS) and tip- enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) techniques. While enhancement in SERS and TERS arise due to the electromagnetic mechanism, GERS also relies on a chemical mechanism and therefore shows unique molecular sensitivity and selectivity. In this work, we developed graphene materials decorated with noble metal (silver and gold) nanoparticles for detection of different chemical molecules e.g. methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine …

Feasibility Of The Use Of Neutron Activation Analysis Techniques In An Underwater Environment, Michael D. Chick

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Elements when bombarded with neutrons emit a gamma ray that is characteristic of the isotope that underwent a neutron induced nuclear reaction; this is known as neutron activation. The characteristic gamma energy of an isotope can then be detected and recorded. One can then analyze the gamma energies captured and determine the elemental makeup of the sample. This form of analysis can be used in an underwater environment making it potentially a valuable tool for agencies tasked with maritime security of ports and waterways, or clean-up operations. This thesis will focus on the feasibility of neutron interrogation using pulsed fast/thermal …

Dealloying Behavior Of Nico And Nicocu Thin Films, Benjamin Peecher, Jennifer R. Hampton

Faculty Publications

Porous metals and alloys, such as those fabricated via electrochemical dealloying, are of interest for a variety of energy applications, ranging from their potential for enhanced catalytic behavior to their use as high surface area supports for pseudocapacitor materials. Here, the electrochemical dealloying process was explored for electrodeposited binary NiCo and ternary NiCoCu thin films. For each of the four different metal ratios, films were dealloyed using linear sweep voltammetry to various potentials in order to gain insight into the evolution of the film over the course of the linear sweep. Electrochemical capacitance, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray …

First-Principles Calculated Decomposition Pathways For Libh4 Nanoclusters, Zhi-Quan Huang, Wei-Chih Chen, Feng-Chuan Chuang, Eric Majzoub, Vidvuds Ozoliņš

Physics Faculty Works

We analyze thermodynamic stability and decomposition pathways of LiBH4 nanoclusters using grand-canonical free-energy minimization based on total energies and vibrational frequencies obtained from density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. We consider (LiBH4)n nanoclusters with n = 2 to 12 as reactants, while the possible products include (Li)n, (B)n, (LiB)n, (LiH)n, and Li2BnHn; off-stoichiometric LinBnHm (m ≤ 4n) clusters were considered for n = 2, 3, and 6. Cluster ground-state configurations have been predicted using prototype electrostatic ground-state (PEGS) and genetic algorithm (GA) based structural optimizations. Free-energy calculations show hydrogen release pathways markedly differ from those in bulk LiBH4. While experiments have found …

0+ States In 130,132Xe: A Search For E(5) Behavior, Erin E. Peters, T. J. Ross, S. F. Ashley, Anagha Chakraborty, Benjamin P. Crider, M. D. Hennek, Sinong Liu, Marcus T. Mcellistrem, Sharmistha Mukhopadhyay, Francisco M. Prados-Estévez, Anthony Paul Ramirez, J. S. Thrasher, Steven W. Yates

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The level structures of ^130,132Xe were studied with the inelastic neutron scattering reaction followed by γ-ray detection. Level lifetimes were measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation method and low-lying excited states in these nuclei were characterized. With a focus on the decay properties of the 0⁺ states, these nuclei were examined as representations of the E(5) critical-point symmetry.

Forcing Cesium Into Higher Oxidation States Via Useful Hard X-Ray Induced Chemistry At Extreme Conditions, Daniel Thomas Sneed

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Recent theoretical work published in Nature Chemistry postulates the existence of cesium in high oxidation states when bonding with fluorine. It is thus predicted to behave as a p-block element (such as xenon) at pressures above 5 GPa. At these pressures, fluorine atoms may bond with the inner p-shell electrons forming CsFn, where n may vary from 2 up to 6; thus the oxidation state of Cs may change up to 6+. My research focused on physically synthesizing these compounds and to verify that, given the right conditions, bonding doesn't only occur with valence electrons, but with the inner p-shell …

Structural Behavior Of Nbsexte2-X Superconductors Under High Pressure, Vahe Mkrtchyan

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Niobium chalcogenide compounds have recently gained a great deal of interest due to the fact that a superconducting phase coexists with the charge density wave state (CDW), as well as their potential for numerous applications. Two superconducting compositions, NbSexTe2-x (x=2, 1.5) were prepared by solid state route using high purity Nb, Se, and Te powders. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns collected at ambient conditions for NbSe2 and NbSe1.5Te0.5 showed a single phase with hexagonal crystal structure, with space group P63mmc. High-pressure X-ray diffraction measurements were performed at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory to investigate structural stability up to …

58th Annual Rocky Mountain Conference On Magnetic Resonance

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 58th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance, co-endorsed by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Breckenridge, Colorado, July 17-21, 2016.

Ua66 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter, Cheryl Stevens, Dean

Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications

No abstract provided.

Communication: Visualization And Spectroscopy Of Defects Induced By Dehydrogenation In Individual Silicon Nanocrystals, Dmitry A. Kislitsyn, Jon M. Mills, Vancho Kocevski, Sheng-Kuei Chiu, William J.I. Debenedetti, Christian F. Gervasi, Benjamen N. Taber, Ariel E. Rosenfield, Olle Eriksson, Ján Rusz, Andrea Mitchell Goforth, George V. Nazin

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present results of a scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) study of the impact of dehydrogenation on the electronic structures of hydrogen-passivated silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) supported on the Au(111)surface. Gradual dehydrogenation is achieved by injecting high-energy electrons into individual SiNCs, which results, initially, in reduction of the electronic bandgap, and eventually produces midgap electronic states. We use theoretical calculations to show that the STS spectra of midgap states are consistent with the presence of silicon dangling bonds, which are found in different charge states. Our calculations also suggest that the observed initial reduction of the electronic bandgap is attributable to the …

An Experimental And Theoretical Study Of Ã2A"Π–X~2A' Band System Of The Jet-Cooled Hbbr/Dbbr Free Radical, Mohammed Gharaibeh, Dennis J. Clouthier, Riccardo Tarroni

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The electronic spectra of the HBBr and DBBr free radicals have been studied in depth. These species were prepared in a pulsed electric discharge jet using a precursor mixture of BBr₃ vapor and H₂ or D₂ in high pressure argon. Transitions to the electronic excited state of the jet-cooled radicals were probed with laser-induced fluorescence and the ground state energy levels were measured from the single vibronic level emission spectra. HBBr has an extensive band system in the red which involves a linear-bent transition between the two Renner-Teller components of what would be a ²Π state …

Atomistic Corrective Scheme For Supercell Density Functional Theory Calculations Of Charged Defects, Tengfei Cao, Angelo Bongiorno

Publications and Research

A new method to correct formation energies of charged defects obtained by supercell densityfunctional calculations is presented and applied to bulk, surface, and low-dimensional systems. The method relies on atomistic models and a polarizable force field to describe a material system and its dielectric properties. The polarizable force field is based on a minimal set of fitting parameters, it accounts for the dielectric screening arising from ions and electrons separately, and it can be easily implemented in any software for atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. This work illustrates both technical aspects and applications of the new corrective scheme. The method is …

Coupling Between Magnetic Exchange And Charge Activation In Cu-Doped Lafeo3, Emir Dogdibegovic, Qingsheng Cai, William Joseph James, William B. Yelon, Harlan U. Anderson, Jin Bo Yang, Xiao Dong Zhou

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Material research on perovskite-type oxides (ABO₃) has been driven by the recognition of their unique properties primarily attributed to the presence of oxygen octahedron (BO₆). Since 2003, the discovery of strong coupling in TbMnO₃ and BiFeO₃ has stimulated new interests in understanding the relationship between magnetic and electric properties in perovskites. In this article, we report our recent work on the magnetic superexchange interaction and charge formation in copper-doped LaFeO₃ using high-temperature neutron diffraction and thermoelectric measurements. In situ neutron diffraction measurements show a loss of antiferromagnetic ordering above 450°C. With an increase …

Rotational And Hyperfine Analysis Of Aus, Ian A. Wyse

Macalester Journal of Physics and Astronomy

Gas phase diatomic gold sulfide, AuS, was analyzed using optical spectroscopy. High-resolution spectra were collected and characterized and a global fit of the A²∑⁺-X²∏_3/2 (0,0), B²∑^–-X²∏_3/2 (0,0), and C²Δ_3/2-X²∏_1/2 (0,0) transitions at 15570 cm^-1, 16290 cm^-1, and 17670 cm^-1 was compiled and resulted in rotational constant determinations for the A²∑⁺((2σ)¹(4π)⁴), B²∑^–((2σ)²(4π)²(2σ*)¹), and C²Δ_{3/2 …}

Enhanced Adhesion Of Superhydrophobic Zno Surface, Liqiu Zheng Dr., Chan Kwaichow B.

Georgia Journal of Science

The superhydrophobicity and the strong solid-liquid adhesion of the dually structured ZnO surface are attributed to the suitable size of microstructure and nanostructure. This phenomenon, so different from the Lotus effect, can be called the Petal effect— the super hydrophobicity and the enhanced solid-liquid adhesion coexist on the same surface. The Cassie impregnating model was proposed to understand the underlying reason.

Light-Activated Photocurrent Degradation And Self-Healing In Perovskite Solar Cells, Wanyi Nie, Jean-Christophe Blancon, Amanda J. Neukirch, Kannatassen Appavoo, Hsinhan Tsai, Manish Chhowalla, Muhammad A. Alam, Matthew Y. Sfeir, Claudine Katan, Jacky Even, Sergei Tretiak, Jared J. Crochet, Gautam Gupta, Aditya D. Mohite

Publications and Research

Solution-processed organometallic perovskite solar cells have emerged as one of the most promising thin-film photovoltaic technology. However, a key challenge is their lack of stability over prolonged solar irradiation. Few studies have investigated the effect of light soaking on hybrid perovskites and have attributed the degradation in the optoelectronic properties to photochemical or field-assisted ion migration. Here we show that the slow photocurrent degradation in thin-film photovoltaic devices is due to the formation of light-activated meta-stable deep-level trap states. However, the devices can self-heal completely by resting them in the dark for <1 min or the degradation can be completely prevented by operating the devices at 0°C. We investigate several physical mechanisms to explain the microscopic origin for the formation of these trap states, among which the creation of small polaronic states involving localized cooperative lattice strain and molecular orientations emerges as a credible microscopic mechanism requiring further detailed studies.

2016-01-A3dsrinp-Csc-Sta-Cmb-522-Bps-542, Raymond Pulver, Neal Buxton, Xiaodong Wang, John Lucci, Jean Yves Hervé, Lenore Martin

Bioinformatics Software Design Projects

Cholesterol is carried and transported through bloodstream by lipoproteins. There are two types of lipoproteins: low density lipoprotein, or LDL, and high density lipoprotein, or HDL. LDL cholesterol is considered “bad” cholesterol because it can form plaque and hard deposit leading to arteries clog and make them less flexible. Heart attack or stroke will happen if the hard deposit blocks a narrowed artery. HDL cholesterol helps to remove LDL from the artery back to the liver.

Traditionally, particle counts of LDL and HDL plays an important role to understanding and prediction of heart disease risk. But recently research suggested that …