Chemistry Commons^™

Single‐Molecule 3d Orientation Imaging Reveals Nanoscale Compositional Heterogeneity In Lipid Membranes, Jin Lu, Hesam Mazidi, Tianben Ding, Oumeng Zhang, Matthew D. Lew

Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations

In soft matter, thermal energy causes molecules to continuously translate and rotate, even in crowded environments, thereby impacting the spatial organization and function of most molecular assemblies, such as lipid membranes. Directly measuring the orientation and spatial organization of large collections (>3000 molecules μm⁻²) of single molecules with nanoscale resolution remains elusive. In this paper, we utilize SMOLM, single‐molecule orientation localization microscopy, to directly measure the orientation spectra (3D orientation plus “wobble”) of lipophilic probes transiently bound to lipid membranes, revealing that Nile red's (NR) orientation spectra are extremely sensitive to membrane chemical composition. SMOLM images resolve …

Pressure Driven Desalination Utilizing Nanomaterials, Fangyou Xie

Master's Theses

Nanomaterials such as graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes, have demonstrated excellent properties for membrane desalination, including decrease of maintenance, increase of flux rate, simple solution casting, and impressive chemical inertness. Here, two projects are studied to investigate nanocarbon based membrane desalination. The first project is to prepare hybrid membranes with amyloid fibrils intercalated with graphene oxide sheets. The addition of protein amyloid fibrils expands the interlayer spacing between graphene oxide nanosheets and introduces additional functional groups in the diffusion pathways, resulting in increase of flux rate and rejection rate for the organic dyes. Amyloid fibrils also provide structural assistance to …

Stay Calm And Focus On The Learning Outcomes: Tools For Taking Biophysical Chemistry Online, Maria Ballester, Brian L. Van Hoozen Jr., Arthur Sikora

Chemistry and Physics Faculty Articles

Course specific learning outcomes are an important tool to define the scope of a course and can be very helpful when designing experiments and assessments. With slight modification, these learning outcomes can serve as a guide when transitioning to the distance learning format especially in courses with a traditional lab. Here we present such an example for the biophysical chemistry course.

Structural Organization And Chemical Activity Revealed By New Developments In Single-Molecule Fluorescence And Orientation Imaging, Tianben Ding

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Single-molecule (SM) fluorescence and its localization are important and versatile tools for understanding and quantifying dynamical nanoscale behavior of nanoparticles and biological systems. By actively controlling the concentration of fluorescent molecules and precisely localizing individual single molecules, it is possible to overcome the classical diffraction limit and achieve 'super-resolution' with image resolution on the order of 10 nanometers.

Single molecules also can be considered as nanoscale sensors since their fluorescence changes in response to their local nanoenvironment. This dissertation discusses extending this SM approach to resolve heterogeneity and dynamics of nanoscale materials and biophysical structures by using positions and orientations …

H-Atom Ladder Operator Revisited, Carl W. David

Chemistry Education Materials

An error laden note (Am. J. Phys., 34, 984,(1966)) concerning the ladder operator solution to the hydrogen atom electronic energy levels is corrected.

Designing A Reactor Chamber For Hot Electron Chemistry On Bimetallic Plasmonic Nanoparticles, Bryn Merrill, Bingjie Zhang, Jerry Larue

SURF Posters and Papers

Catalysis provides pathways for efficient and selective chemical reactions by lowering the energy barriers for desired products. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) show excellent promise as plasmonic catalysts. Plasmonic materials have localized surface plasmon resonances, oscillations of the electron bath at the surface of a nanoparticle, that generate energetically intense electric fields which rapidly decay into energetically excited electrons. The excited electrons have the potential to destabilize atoms strongly bound to the catalysts through occupation of antibonding orbitals. Tuning the antibonding orbitals to make them accessible for occupancy by electrons is achieved by coating the AuNP in a thin layer of another …

Embedded Gold Nanoparticles For Metal Enhanced Photoluminescence, Hasna Alali

Dissertations

Noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have attracted great attention in electronics, solar cells and catalysis. Their unique optical properties and biocompatibility makes them useful in biological applications like imaging, drug delivery, therapy and diagnostic. At the surface of MNPs the collective oscillation of free electrons resonates with a particular wavelength of incident light, generating the Localized Surface Plasmons Resonance (LSPR). LSPR results in absorption and scattering of incident light. Scattering results in reflecting photons and absorption leads to enhanced photoluminescence and quenching of fluorophores, if the fluorophore is in the vicinity of MNPs.

Most of the studies in this regard have …

Graphite Intercalation Compounds Derived By Green Chemistry As Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts, Jianchao Zhao, Joseph H. Dumont, Ulises Martinez, Javier Macossay-Torres, Kateryna Artyushkova, Plamen Atanassov, Gautam Gupta

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

Precious group metal (PGM) catalysts such as Pt supported on carbon supports are expensive catalysts utilized for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their unmatched catalytic activity and durability. As an alternative, PGM-free ORR electrocatalysts that offer respectable catalytic activity are being pursued. Most of the notable PGM-free catalysts are obtained either from a bottom-up approach synthesis utilizing nitrogen-rich polymers as building blocks, or from a top down approach, where nitrogen and metal moieties are incorporated to carbonaceous matrixes. The systematic understanding of the origin of catalytic activity for either case is speculative and currently employed synthesis techniques typically …

Influence Of The Nature Of The Medium On The Conformational States Of Macromolecules Of Anionic Polyelectrolytes And Their Flocculating Effect, Mapruza Dzhumamuratova, Amanbay Pirniyazov, Oleg Dormeshkin, Akhmed Reymov, Tleumuratov Kuanish, Saparbay Kalbaev

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The properties of surfactants of anionic polyelectrolytes are investigated depending on the nature of the medium, conformational states neutralized by organic bases, differing in the length of the hydrocarbon radical. The concept of the role of the state of macromolecules in solution in the indicated processes has been developed. The anionic carboxyl-containing polyelectrolytes synthesized on the basis of methacrylic acid differed not only in the length of the hydrocarbon radical of the organic base - counterion, but also in their branching. The relationship between the state of polyelectrolyte macromolecules in solution and their ability to regulate the properties of natural …

Investigation Of The Structural, Electronic, And Thermoelectric Properties Of Mono- Chalcogenides, Aida Sheibani

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The structural, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of GeTe are studied using density functional theory and Boltzmann transport equations. This material has a rhombohedral crystal structure in ambient temperature with a ferroelectric behavior due to lack of inversion symmetry. This study suggests that the presence of asymmetry in GeTe can lead to an improvement in the thermoelectric properties of this material. In addition, studies on introducing Group III, IV, and V dopants to GeSe show that while these impurities can improve the power factor and decrease the lattice thermal conductivity, they cannot enhance the figure of merit.

Nitrogen-Doped Graphene-Based Metal Composites For The Non-Enzymatic Detection Of Hydrogen Peroxide, Tajabadi Poor Mohammad Taghi

Student Works (2020-2029)

Recently, much attention has been devoted to detecting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) because of its extensive range of applications in chemical synthesis, the textile industry, food production, fuel cell devices, and even in many oxidative biological reactions. Among the various methods of detection of H2O2, electrochemical sensors has many advantages, such as simplicity, high efficiency and sensitivity, as well as good selectivity., To improve the sensitivity of non-enzymatic sensors, noble metal nanoparticles with particular electrocatalytic activities can be utilized. The present research is aimed to design a hybrid approach for the development of novel nanostructures for non-enzymatic detection of H2O2. Herein, …

Development Of Nano Carbon And Conducting Polymers Based Ternary Composites For Supercapattery, Iqbal Javed

Student Works (2020-2029)

Although significant efforts have been devoted on the development of energy storage systems such as batteries and fuel cells in the past decades, the low power density, short cyclic life and high maintenance cost have kept them away from many applications. Alternatively, supercapattery which has the characteristic features of batteries as well as supercapacitors has gained much attention because of its rapid charge/discharge mechanism, long life cycle, and high power density. However, supercapattery generally suffers from poor energy density. This research aims to develop carbon and conducting polymers based ternary nanocomposites for high performance supercapattery. Pristine metal oxide nanostructures suffer …

Features Of Heart Activity Of Cattle In The Conditions Of Southern Aral Sea Region, Svetlana Mambetullaeva, Khayratdin Seytkamalov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

In this article, the results of comparative analysis of electrocardiogram are shown for the cows of different breeds in the Aral Sea region. It is set that the high temperature of the environment and sunny insolation render a negative influence on the functional parameters of the cardiac vascular system of animals. There are facts about the cows of different breeds at the influence of different temperatures that have unidirectional functional changes in the operation of the heart. At the same time, we will mark that these changes are less expressed for the cows of the improved zebu visible cattle, what …

Photoelectric Injection Amplification Of Al–Al2o3–P-Cdte–Mo Structures At Low Bias Voltages, A K. Uteniyazov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The results of studies of photoelectric injection enhancement of the Al–Al₂O₃–p-CdTe –Mo structure upon application of low bias voltages. It has been shown that the studied Al-Al₂O₃–p-CdTe-Mo structure under can be represented as a n⁺-p-R_ом structure with a long base. Conducted researches show that Al-Al₂O₃–p-CdTe-Mo structure has unique properties. It has very high photocurrent and photosensitivity at both direct and reverse dias voltage under even small bias voltage (up to 500mV).

Synthesis Of Supramolecular Complex L– (-) – Menthol, Ziyada Djumanova Dr, Lolaxan Ettibaeva, Ugilay Abduraxmonova, Zulfiya Khalmuratova

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

In this article glycyrrhizic acid content with menthol in several various proportions (2:1; 4:1; 9:1), information was given on synthesis and physical and chemical properties of new supermolecular complexes. Received supramolecular complexes concerning 4:1 it was chemically defined and also studied the structure of supramolecular complexes by physical methods on the basis of interaction of organic molecules with electromagnetic radiation, in particular their range IR – of spectroscopy. Our work of the near future will be turned to check its recent supramolecular complexes on the basis of GA: Menthol for growth of a plant and biotic elasticity of tension …

Spectrophotometric Characterization Of The Complexation Of Gossypol Acetic Acid With Cobalt Ion, Ugilay Abdurahmanova, Habibjon Kushiev, Maral Askarova, Dilafruz Allanazarova

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The authors of the article suggest simple and express method of spectrophotometric determination of cobalt with the help of derivatives of gossypol. Optimal conditions of determining cobalt are found. Under optimal conditions there was created a graded graph, which is more linear in the range for cobalt concentration of 10.0 – 50.0 microgram/25 ml, contents and constants of cobalt complex with gossypol vinegar acid.

Preparation And Characterization Of Zns Thin Films Grown By Spin Coating Technique, Oluwatoyin Osanyinlusi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Spin coating technique was used to deposit zinc sulphide (ZnS) thin films successfully onto glass substrates and the effects of the number of spin times on the optical properties investigated. The morphology and structures of the prepared thin films were also confirmed. X-ray diffraction confirmed that spin coated ZnS films exhibited cubic structure, where reflections from (111), (220) and (311) are clearly visible with a preferential orientation along (111) plane. The calculated crystallite size for 1S sample from the XRD data is 8.8 nm. From the optical studies, the thin films exhibit good optical properties with relatively high transmittance (81 …

Fuzzy Synergetic Control Nonlinear Dynamic Objects, Isomiddin Sidikov, Noilakhon Yakubova, Komil Usmanov, Saparbay Kazakhbayev

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The article deals with the synthesis of effective algorithms for controlling a chemical reactor and developed a fuzzy synergistic controller for a class of indefinite nonlinear dynamic systems. A synergetic control scheme is proposed for solving the control problem for nonlinear systems. Non-linear systems with configurations and parameters that change over time require a completely non-linear model and adaptive control scheme for a practical operating environment. The synthesis of control laws is performed by the method of analytical design of aggregated controllers (ACAR). Fuzzy logic systems are used to evaluate the unknown nonlinear behavior of the system, and a new …

Synthesis, Characterisation And Biological Evaluation Of Tyramine Derived Schiff Base Ligand And Its Transition Metal(Ii) Complexes, Abdul Khader Jailani, N.S.K. Gowthaman, Mookkandi Palsamy Kesavan

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In this study, a new tyramine derived Schiff base ligand (L) (L=1,3-phenylene-bis-4-aminoantipyrinyl-4-aminoethylphenol) and its derived transition metal(II) complexes [Cu(L)Cl₂](1), [Ni(L)Cl₂](2), [Co(L)Cl₂] (3) and [Zn(L)Cl₂] (4) have been synthesized and well characterized by the way of different spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Analytical and spectroscopic studies result suggests that metal(II) complexes more probably have octahedral geometry. DNA binding tendency of L and metal(II) complexes 1-4 have been assessed by probing their ability to bind with Calf Thymus DNA (CT-DNA) via electronic absorption and cyclic voltammetry titration methods. The results clearly reveal that the metal(II) …

Evaluation Of Structure And Properties Of Various Sol–Gel Nanocoatings On Biomedical Titanium Surface, Mohsin Talib Mohammed, Sarah Mohammed Hussein

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

This study deals with the preparation and characterization of different bioceramic nanofilms formed on the surface of new metastable β-titanium (Ti) alloy. The films of pure TiO₂, pure HA, TiO₂/HA bilayer and HA/TiO₂ composite were coated successfully on Ti surface by sol-gel using spray pyrolysis deposition technique. The surface characteristics of coated substrates, such as thickness, topography, morphology, phase transformations and wear behavior, were evaluated and compared to uncoated substrate. The results showed that the sol-gel is a promising technique to create biocoatings on Ti surface with outstanding structure and properties for biomedical applications.

Transition State Theory Application To H2 Gas Sensitivity Of Pristine And Pd Doped Sno2 Clusters, Mudar Ahmed Abdulsattar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The reaction of H₂ and O₂ gases with pristine and Pd doped Sn₁₀O₁₆ clusters is investigated using transition state theory and density functional theory. The reaction of hydrogen and oxygen molecules is controlled by a transition state that implies crossing an activation energy hill to react with the SnO₂ cluster. Our investigation performs thermodynamic calculations, including Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of activation and reaction in the temperature range 25-500 °C. The results show that the Gibbs free energy of activation of H₂ gas reaction is 0.23 and 0.18 eV for pristine …

On The Dynamic Behaviour Of Automobile Pulleys Under Cyclic Loading, Haval Kamal Asker, Thaker Saleh Dawood

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

This paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of pulley systems with different numbers of bolt holes. Models with four, six and eight bolt holes were chosen for the pulley. Three sets of cyclic pressure were applied to the pulley system to resemble the different running revolutions of an engine. The study investigates the effect of the number of holes on the system’s stiffness and natural frequency. Finite element models were used to simulate the obtained deformations, stresses and frequency response function (FRF) for pulley models comprising four, six and eight bolt holes under different cyclic pressures. The results show that the …

Optically Thick Radiating Free Convective Mhd Nanofluid Flow Over An Exponentially Accelerated Plate, D.P. Bhatta, S.R. Mishra, J.K. Dash

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The present analysis investigates an unsteady conducting water-based nanofluid embedding with porous medium over an exponentially accelerated vertical plate. The plate is accelerated with moving ramped temperature. However, water is treated as the base fluid with Copper (Cu) and Titanium Oxide (TiO₂) as nanoparticles. Effects of thermal radiation, heat source, and radiation absorption are taken care of in the energy equation which may enhance the heat transfer properties of nanofluid. The crux of the investigation is to find the closed-form solution of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations. Laplace Transform technique is employed to solve these equations. The influence …

A Support Vector Machine-Based Prediction Model For Electrochemical Machining Process, Subham Agarwal Mr., Shruti Sudhakar Dandge Ms., Shankar Chakraborty Prof.

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Manufacturing of quality products is one of the core measures to address competitiveness in industries. Hence, it is always necessary to accomplish quality prediction at early stages of a manufacturing process to attain high quality products at the minimum possible cost. To achieve this goal, the past researchers have developed and investigated the applications of different intelligent techniques for their effective deployment at various stages of manufacturing processes. In this paper, support vector machine (SVM), a supervised learning system based on a novel artificial intelligence paradigm, is employed for prediction of three responses, like material removal rate, surface roughness and …

Influence Of Carbon Fibres On Strain Sensing And Structural Properties Of Rc Beams Without Stirrups, Arvind Kumar Cholker, Manzoor Ahmad Tantray

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In present study, effect of micro carbon fibres on strain sensing property and structural behavior of the reinforced concrete (RC) beams in absence of stirrups was experimentally investigated. A total of three RC beams of dimensions, 125 mm width, 350 mm height and 1500 mm long were manufactured without stirrups. All the three beams had different longitudinal reinforcement ratios (0.9%, 1.43% and 1.03 %) and uniform strength of concrete of 36.5 MPa. All the beams had carbon fibre based concrete (CFBC) at top and bottom surface in mid span for a length of 350mm and depth of 78 mm. All …

Approximating Fixed Points In Modular Spaces, Salwa Salman Abed, Meena Fouad Abduljabbar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

A generic two theorems for the two step iterative sequence of multivalued mappings are proved in a complete convex real modular space, and then cite some corollaries that are special cases of these theorems.

Editorial Board

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of The Vibrational Modes Of Thiolated Gold Nanoparticles Undergoing Core-Conversions Via Raman Spectroscopy, William Gregory Cannella Jr.

Honors Theses

In this project, the vibrational characteristics/vibrational modes are explored via Raman Spectroscopy for thiolated-gold nanoparticles. This class of compounds is also known as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). They remain of great interest in research areas such as catalysis, gold dependent nanoelectronics, drug delivery, and sensing, due to their unique size-dependent optical, chiroptical, and electronic properties. Vibrational spectroscopy of thiolated gold nanoparticles are oftentimes considered nontrivial as the compounds strongly absorb light in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, are generally considered weak scatterers, and give off large amounts of fluorescence. This combined with their black appearance, susceptibility to localized heating, …

Hot Electron Chemistry On Bimetallic Plasmonic Nanoparticles, Bryn E. Merrill, Bingjie Zhang, Jerry Larue

Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters

Catalysis provides pathways for efficient and selective chemical reactions through the lowering of energy barriers for desired products. Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) show excellent promise as plasmonic catalysts. Localized surface plasmon resonances are oscillations of the electron bath at the surface of a nanoparticle that generate energetically intense electric fields and rapidly decay into energetically excited electrons. The excited electrons have the potential to destabilize strongly bound oxygen atoms through occupation of accessible anti-bonding orbitals. Tuning the anti-bonding orbitals to make them accessible for occupancy will be achieved by coating the AuNP in a thin layer of another transition metal, such …