Other Astrophysics and Astronomy Commons^™

To Apply Or Not To Apply: A Survey Analysis Of Grant Writing Costs And Benefits, Ted Von Hippel, Courtney Von Hippel

Ted von Hippel

We surveyed 113 astronomers and 82 psychologists active in applying for federally funded research on their grant-­‐writing history between January, 2009 and November, 2012. We collected demographic data, effort levels, success rates, and perceived non-­‐financial benefits from writing grant proposals. We find that the average proposal takes 116 PI hours and 55 CI hours to write; although time spent writing was not related to whether the grant was funded. Effort did translate into success, however, as academics who wrote more grants received more funding. Participants indicated modest non-­‐monetary benefits from grant writing, with psychologists reporting a somewhat greater benefit overall …

Figure 8: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 3: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 5: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 9: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 2: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 10: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 4: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 1: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 7: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

Figure 6: Simulation Results For Flux Tube Entropy And Specific Entropy In Saturn's Magnetosphere, Xuanye Ma, Peter A. Delamere, Michelle F. Thomsen, Antonius Otto, Bishwa Neupane, Brandon Burkholder, Katariina Nykyri

Katariina Nykyri

No abstract provided.

The Prospect Of Human Spiritual Unity Through The Cosmic Story, Philip Novak

Philip Novak

Thomas Berry and Brian Swimme have noted that, “we seem to be moving beyond any religious expression so far known to the human into a meta-religious age that seems to be a new comprehensive context for all religions.” That “new comprehensive context” is of course now known as Big History -- a.k.a. the Evolutionary Epic, Universe Story, or New Cosmic Story—the astonishing contemporary synthesis of modern sciences that tells a coherent story of the evolution of the universe from the Big Bang 13.7 billion years ago to the present.

Yet with the notable exception of the writings of Berry and …

New Benzene Absorption Cross Sections In The Vuv, Relevance For Titan’S, Fernando J. Capalbo, Yves Bénilan, Nicolas Fray, Martin Schwell, Norbert Champion, Et-Touhami Es-Sebbar, Tommi T. Koskinen, Ivan Lehocki, Roger V. Yelle

Dr. Et-touhami Es-sebbar

Benzene is an important molecule in Titan’s atmosphere because it is a potential link between the gas phase and the organic solid phase. We measured photoabsorption in the ultraviolet by benzene gas at temperatures covering the range from room temperature to 215 K. We derived benzene absorption cross sections and analyzed them in terms of the transitions observed. No significant variation with measurement temperature was observed. We discuss the implications of our measurements for the derivation of benzene abundance profiles in Titan’s thermosphere, by the Cassini/Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (UVIS). The use of absorption cross sections at low temperature is recommended …

Muslims Lunar’S Blindness, Sajjad Khaksari

SAJJAD KHAKSARI

The age of scientists such as Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (خوارزمی), Al-Farabi (فارابی), Avicenna (پور سینا), Ghiyāth al-Dīn Jamshīd Masʿūd al-Kāshī (غیاث الدین جمشید کاشانی) And Bērūnī (بیرونی) has passed and middle east regions face hideous and offensive figures of Iranian/Saudi/ISIS etc. regimes. What happened to these people and why?!

Rotation Lightcurves Of Small Jovian Trojan Asteroids, Linda French, Robert Stephens, Daniel Coley, Lawrence Wasserman, Jennifer Sieben

Linda French

Optimization Of A Solar Simulator For Planetary-Photochemical Studies, Et-Touhami Es-Sebbar, Yves Bénilan, Nicolas Fray, Hervé Cottin, Antoine Jolly, Marie-Claire Gazeau

Dr. Et-touhami Es-sebbar

Low-temperature microwave-powered plasma based on hydrogen and hydrogen with noble gas mixtures are widely used as a continuous vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) source in laboratory experiments carried out to mimic the photochemistry in astrophysical environments. In this work, we present a study dedicated to optimizing such sources in terms of mono-chromaticity at Lyα (H(Lyα) line at 121.6 nm ~ 10.2 eV) and high spectral irradiance. We report the influence on the emission spectrum of a wide range of experimental conditions including gas composition (pure H2, pure He, and H2/He mixture), gas pressure, flow rates, and microwave power. The absolute spectral irradiance …

Gravitational Waves: A New Window Into The Cosmos, Jeffrey S. Hazboun

Jeffrey Hazboun

No abstract provided.

Void Cosmology-Better Explains What Happens First, Background Radiation, Voids In Space, Hydrogen Concentrations, James T. Struck

James T Struck

1

Void Cosmology better explains What Happened First, Cosmic

Microwave Background at around 4. 73 K, 150 Million Light

Year Diameter Largest Voids, Red shift at Distance through

Void Drifting/Void Expansion, Void Inflation, Gravitational

mass and Void Movement, and Helium at 25 % Versus

Hydrogen at 75 % Due to Particle Combination and less Higher

Element Concentrations

Abbe George Lemaitre 1894-1966 was a Belgian cosmologist,

mathematician, priest, physicist who postulated an explosive

beginning. In the 1940’s, George Gamow, Hans Bethe and

Ralph Alpher went from Lemaitre’s starting nuclear fission

ideas to ideas of nuclear fusion being responsible for the

Universe’s …

Basic Astronomy Labs, Terry L. Smith, Michael D. Reynolds, Jay S. Huebner

Jay S Huebner

Providing the tools and know-how to apply the principles of astronomy first-hand, these 43 laboratory exercises each contain an introduction that clearly shows budding astronomers why the particular topic of that lab is of interest and relevant to astronomy. About one-third of the exercises are devoted solely to observation, and no mathematics is required beyond simple high school algebra and trigonometry.Organizes exercises into six major topics—sky, optics and spectroscopy, celestial mechanics, solar system, stellar properties, and exploration and other topics—providing clear outlines of what is involved in the exercise, its purpose, and what procedures and apparatus are to be used. …

Magnetic Fields In An Expanding Universe, David Kastor, Jennie Traschen

David Kastor

We find a solution to 4D Einstein-Maxwell theory coupled to a massless dilaton field describing a Melvin magnetic field in an expanding universe with 'stiff matter' equation of state parameter w=+1. As the universe expands, magnetic flux becomes more concentrated around the symmetry axis for dilaton coupling a<1/3√ and more dispersed for a>1/3√. An electric field circulates around the symmetry axis in the direction determined by Lenz's law. For a=0 the magnetic flux through a disk of fixed comoving radius is proportional to the proper area of the disk. This result disagrees with the usual expectation based on a test magnetic field that this …

Low Mach Number Fluctuating Hydrodynamics Of Diffusively Mixing Fluids, Aleksandar Donev, Andy J. Nonaka, Yifei Sun, Thomas Fai, Alejandro Garcia, John B. Bell

Alejandro Garcia

We formulate low Mach number fluctuating hydrodynamic equations appropriate for modeling diffusive mixing in isothermal mixtures of fluids with different density and transport coefficients. These equations eliminate the fast isentropic fluctuations in pressure associated with the propagation of sound waves by replacing the equation of state with a local thermodynamic constraint. We demonstrate that the low Mach number model preserves the spatio-temporal spectrum of the slower diffusive fluctuations. We develop a strictly conservative finite-volume spatial discretization of the low Mach number fluctuating equations in both two and three dimensions. We construct several explicit Runge-Kutta temporal integrators that strictly maintain the …

Two Suns In The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity Influence On Planet Formation, Ji Wang, Debra Fischer

Debra A Fischer

We found that a planet is less likely to exist around a binary star, and thus Tatooine may be just a dream.

Precise Radial Velocities Of Giant Stars V. A Brown Dwarf And A Planet Orbiting The K Giant Stars Tau Geminorum And 91 Aquarii, David Mitchell

David Mitchell

Aims. We aim to detect and characterize substellar companions to K giant stars to further our knowledge of planet formation and

stellar evolution of intermediate-mass stars.

Methods. For more than a decade we have used Doppler spectroscopy to acquire high-precision radial velocity measurements of

K giant stars. All data for this survey were taken at Lick Observatory. Our survey includes 373 G and K giants. Radial velocity data

showing periodic variations were fitted with Keplerian orbits using a χ2 minimization technique.

Results. We report the presence of two substellar companions to the K giant stars τ Gem and 91 Aqr. …

Essentials Of The Theory Of Abstraction - Lecture, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

In not favouring solutions or sets of solutions, the principle of zero-postulation drives away any unwanted incompleteness from the description of the world. It is the interactions between the possible exhaustive set of solutions that creates the impression pointedness or directiveness in the universe, leading to the formation of clusters, as discussed earlier. These interactions may be chaotic in nature, giving rise to attractor points where the directiveness inside any given system asymptotically seem to approach. It is this directiveness, in turn, inside a given system or in the universe as a whole, that is the cause of all known …

Condensation States And Landscaping With The Theory Of Abstraction, Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

Subhajit Kumar Ganguly

The Abstraction theory is applied in landscaping. A collection of objects may be made to be vast or meager depending upon the scale of observations. This idea may be developed to unite the worlds of the great vastness of the universe and the minuteness of the sub-atomic realm. Keeping constant a scaling ratio for both worlds, these may actually be converted into two self-same representatives with respect to scaling. The Laws of Physical Transactions are made use of to study Bose-Einstein condensation. As the packing density of concerned constituents increase to a certain critical value, there may be evolution of …

Star Formation In M33 (Herm33es), C. Kramer, M. Boquien, J. Braine, C. Buchbender, Daniela Calzetti, P. Gratier, B. Mookerjea, M. Relaño, S. Verley

Daniela Calzetti

Within the key project "Herschel M33 extended survey" (HerM33es), we are studying the physical and chemical processes driving star formation and galactic evolution in the nearby galaxy M33, combining the study of local conditions affecting individual star formation with properties only becoming apparent on global scales. Here, we present recent results obtained by the HerM33es team. Combining Spitzer and Herschel data ranging from 3.6um to 500um, along with HI, Halpha, and GALEX UV data, we have studied the dust at high spatial resolutions of 150pc, providing estimators of the total infrared (TIR) brightness and of the star formation rate. While …

Diffusive Transport Enhanced By Thermal Velocity Fluctuations, Alejandro Garcia, Aleksandar Donev, Anton De La Fuente, John B. Bell

Alejandro Garcia

We study the contribution of advection by thermal velocity fluctuations to the effective diffusion coefficient in a mixture of two identical fluids. We find good agreement between a simple fluctuating hydrodynamics theory and particle and finite-volume simulations. The enhancement of the diffusive transport depends on the system size L and grows as ln⁡(L/L0) in quasi-two-dimensional systems, while in three dimensions it scales as L0-1-L-1, where L0 is a reference length. Our results demonstrate that fluctuations play an important role in the hydrodynamics of small-scale systems.

Computational Fluctuating Fluid Dynamics, Alejandro Garcia, John B. Bell, Sarah Williams

Alejandro Garcia

This paper describes the extension of a recently developed numerical solver for the Landau-Lifshitz Navier-Stokes (LLNS) equations to binary mixtures in three dimensions. The LLNS equations incorporate thermal fluctuations into macroscopic hydrodynamics by using white-noise fluxes. These stochastic PDEs are more complicated in three dimensions due to the tensorial form of the correlations for the stochastic fluxes and in mixtures due to couplings of energy and concentration fluxes (e.g., Soret effect). We present various numerical tests of systems in and out of equilibrium, including time-dependent systems, and demonstrate good agreement with theoretical results and molecular simulation

On The Accuracy Of Explicit Finite-Volume Schemes For Fluctuating Hydrodynamics, Aleksandar Donev, Eric Vanden-Eijnden, Alejandro Garcia, John B. Bell

Alejandro Garcia

This paper describes the development and analysis of finite-volume methods for the Landau–Lifshitz Navier–Stokes (LLNS) equations and related stochastic partial differential equations in fluid dynamics. The LLNS equations incorporate thermal fluctuations into macroscopic hydrodynamics by the addition of white noise fluxes whose magnitudes are set by a fluctuation-dissipation relation. Originally derived for equilibrium fluctuations, the LLNS equations have also been shown to be accurate for nonequilibrium systems. Previous studies of numerical methods for the LLNS equations focused primarily on measuring variances and correlations computed at equilibrium and for selected nonequilibrium flows. In this paper, we introduce a more systematic approach …

A Hybrid Particle-Continuum Method For Hydrodynamics Of Complex Fluids, Alejandro Garcia, Aleksandar Donev, John B. Bell, Berni Alder

Alejandro Garcia

A previously developed hybrid particle-continuum method [J. B. Bell, A. Garcia, and S. A. Williams, Multiscale Model. Simul., 6 (2008), pp. 1256–1280] is generalized to dense fluids and two- and three-dimensional flows. The scheme couples an explicit fluctuating compressible Navier–Stokes solver with the isotropic direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) particle method [A. Donev, A. L. Garcia, and B. J. Alder, J. Stat. Mech. Theory Exp., 2009 (2009), article P11008]. To achieve bidirectional dynamic coupling between the particle (microscale) and continuum (macroscale) regions, the continuum solver provides state-based boundary conditions to the particle subdomain, while the particle solver provides flux-based boundary …