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Articles 331 - 360 of 832
Full-Text Articles in Astrophysics and Astronomy
Gw190425: Observation Of A Compact Binary Coalescence With Total Mass ∼ 3.4 M⊙, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Wenhui Wang
Gw190425: Observation Of A Compact Binary Coalescence With Total Mass ∼ 3.4 M⊙, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Wenhui Wang
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
On 2019 April 25, the LIGO Livingston detector observed a compact binary coalescence with signal-to-noise ratio 12.9. The Virgo detector was also taking data that did not contribute to detection due to a low signal-to-noise ratio, but were used for subsequent parameter estimation. The 90% credible intervals for the component masses range from to (– if we restrict the dimensionless component spin magnitudes to be smaller than 0.05). These mass parameters are consistent with the individual binary components being neutron stars. However, both the source-frame chirp mass and the total mass of this system are significantly larger than those of …
Loop-Closure Kinetics Reveal A Stable, Right-Handed Dna Intermediate In Cre Recombination, Massa J. Shoura, Stefan M. Giovan, Alexandre A. Vetcher, Riccardo Ziraldo, Andreas Hanke, Stephen D. Levene
Loop-Closure Kinetics Reveal A Stable, Right-Handed Dna Intermediate In Cre Recombination, Massa J. Shoura, Stefan M. Giovan, Alexandre A. Vetcher, Riccardo Ziraldo, Andreas Hanke, Stephen D. Levene
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
In Cre site-specific recombination, the synaptic intermediate is a recombinase homotetramer containing a pair of loxP DNA target sites. The enzyme system's strand-exchange mechanism proceeds via a Holliday-junction (HJ) intermediate; however, the geometry of DNA segments in the synapse has remained highly controversial. In particular, all crystallographic structures are consistent with an achiral, planar Holliday-junction (HJ) structure, whereas topological assays based on Cre-mediated knotting of plasmid DNAs are consistent with a right-handed chiral junction. We use the kinetics of loop closure involving closely spaced (131–151 bp) loxP sites to investigate the in-aqueo ensemble of conformations for the longest-lived looped DNA …
Lack Of Debye And Meissner Screening In Strongly Magnetized Quark Matter At Intermediate Densities, Bo Feng, Efrain J. Ferrer, Israel Portillo
Lack Of Debye And Meissner Screening In Strongly Magnetized Quark Matter At Intermediate Densities, Bo Feng, Efrain J. Ferrer, Israel Portillo
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We study the static responses of cold quark matter in the intermediate baryonic density region (characterized by a chemical potential μ) in the presence of a strong-magnetic field. We consider in particular, the so-called magnetic dual Chiral Density Wave (MDCDW) phase, which is materialized by an inhomogeneous condensate formed by a particle-hole pair. It is shown, that the MDCDW phase is more stable in the weak-coupling regime than the one considered in the magnetic catalysis of chiral symmetry braking phenomenon and even than the chiral symmetric phase that was expected to be realized at sufficiently high baryonic chemical potential. The …
Group Vibrational Mode Assignments As A Broadly Applicable Tool For Characterizing Ionomer Membrane Structure As A Function Of Degree Of Hydration, Neili Loupe, Khaldoon Abu-Hakmeh, Shuitao Gao, Luis Gonzalez, Matthew Ingargiola, Kayla Mathiowetz, Ryan Cruse, Jonathan Doan, Isaiah Salas, Nicholas Dimakis
Group Vibrational Mode Assignments As A Broadly Applicable Tool For Characterizing Ionomer Membrane Structure As A Function Of Degree Of Hydration, Neili Loupe, Khaldoon Abu-Hakmeh, Shuitao Gao, Luis Gonzalez, Matthew Ingargiola, Kayla Mathiowetz, Ryan Cruse, Jonathan Doan, Isaiah Salas, Nicholas Dimakis
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Infrared spectra of Nafion, Aquivion, and the 3 M membrane were acquired during total dehydration of fully hydrated samples. Fully hydrated exchange sites are in a sulfonate form with a C3V local symmetry. The mechanical coupling of the exchange site to a side chain ether link gives rise to vibrational group modes that are classified as C3V modes. These mode intensities diminish concertedly with dehydration. When totally dehydrated, the sulfonic acid form of the exchange site is mechanically coupled to an ether link with no local symmetry. This gives rise to C1 group modes that …
Monitoring Of The Radio Galaxy M 87 During A Low-Emission State From 2012 To 2015 With Magic, V. A. Acciari, S. Ansoldi, Juan P. Madrid
Monitoring Of The Radio Galaxy M 87 During A Low-Emission State From 2012 To 2015 With Magic, V. A. Acciari, S. Ansoldi, Juan P. Madrid
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
M87 is one of the closest (z = 0.004 36) extragalactic sources emitting at very high energies (VHE, E > 100 GeV). The aim of this work is to locate the region of the VHE gamma-ray emission and to describe the observed broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED) during the low VHE gamma-ray state. The data fromM87 collected between 2012 and 2015 as part of aMAGIC monitoring programme are analysed and combined with multiwavelength data from Fermi-LAT, Chandra, HST, EVN, VLBA, and the Liverpool Telescope. The averaged VHE gamma-ray spectrum can be fitted from ∼100 GeV to ∼10 TeV with a simple …
Impact Of The Next Gen Pet Curriculum On Science Identity, Robynne M. Lock, Ben Van Dusen, Steven Maier, Liang Zeng
Impact Of The Next Gen Pet Curriculum On Science Identity, Robynne M. Lock, Ben Van Dusen, Steven Maier, Liang Zeng
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
The Next Gen Physical Science and Everyday Thinking (PET) curriculum was designed for physical science courses for future elementary teachers. However, this curriculum may also be used in general education conceptual science courses. The materials are aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards and use a guided-inquiry approach. Next Gen PET is currently being implemented at many universities nationwide. We examine the impact of this curriculum on students’ science identities at a subset of these universities. The identity framework consists of three dimensions. Recognition is the extent to which a student believes that parents, peers, and professors view them as …
Characterizing The Quantum Phase Transition Using A Flat Band In Circuit Qed Lattices, Gui-Lei Zhu, Xin-You Lü, Hamidreza Ramezani
Characterizing The Quantum Phase Transition Using A Flat Band In Circuit Qed Lattices, Gui-Lei Zhu, Xin-You Lü, Hamidreza Ramezani
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We show the superradiant phase transition (SPT) can control the existence of flat band in an extended Dicke-Hubbard lattice [1]
Model Comparison From Ligo–Virgo Data On Gw170817’S Binary Components And Consequences For The Merger Remnant, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Karla E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone, Wenhui Wang
Model Comparison From Ligo–Virgo Data On Gw170817’S Binary Components And Consequences For The Merger Remnant, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Karla E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone, Wenhui Wang
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
GW170817 is the very first observation of gravitational waves originating from the coalescence of two compact objects in the mass range of neutron stars, accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts, and offers an opportunity to directly probe the internal structure of neutron stars. We perform Bayesian model selection on a wide range of theoretical predictions for the neutron star equation of state. For the binary neutron star hypothesis, we find that we cannot rule out the majority of theoretical models considered. In addition, the gravitational-wave data alone does not rule out the possibility that one or both objects were low-mass black holes. …
Quantum Correlations Between The Light And Kilogram-Mass Mirrors Of Ligo, Haocun Yu, L. Mcmuller, M. Tse, L. Barsotti, N. Mavalvala, J. Betzwieser, C. D. Blair, S. E. Dwyer, A. Effler, K. E. Ramirez
Quantum Correlations Between The Light And Kilogram-Mass Mirrors Of Ligo, Haocun Yu, L. Mcmuller, M. Tse, L. Barsotti, N. Mavalvala, J. Betzwieser, C. D. Blair, S. E. Dwyer, A. Effler, K. E. Ramirez
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Measurement of minuscule forces and displacements with ever greater precision encounters a limit imposed by a pillar of quantum mechanics: the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. A limit to the precision with which the position of an object can be measured continuously is known as the standard quantum limit (SQL) [1–4]. When light is used as the probe, the SQL arises from the balance between the uncertainties of photon radiation pressure imposed on the object and of the photon number in the photoelectric detection. The only possibility surpassing the SQL is via correlations within the position/momentum uncertainty of the object and the …
Gw190412: Observation Of A Binary-Black-Hole Coalescence With Asymmetric Masses, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, A. Aich, G. Bissenbayeva, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, P. K. Roy
Gw190412: Observation Of A Binary-Black-Hole Coalescence With Asymmetric Masses, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, A. Aich, G. Bissenbayeva, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, P. K. Roy
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We report the observation of gravitational waves from a binary-black-hole coalescence during the first two weeks of LIGO’s and Virgo’s third observing run. The signal was recorded on April 12, 2019 at 05∶30∶44 UTC with a network signal-to-noise ratio of 19. The binary is different from observations during the first two observing runs most notably due to its asymmetric masses: a ∼30 M⊙ black hole merged with a ∼8 M⊙ black hole companion. The more massive black hole rotated with a dimensionless spin magnitude between 0.22 and 0.60 (90% probability). Asymmetric systems are predicted to emit gravitational waves with stronger …
A Simple Graphical Method For Calculating The Standing Wave Frequencies On A Rectangular Membrane, Joseph D. Romano, Richard H. Price
A Simple Graphical Method For Calculating The Standing Wave Frequencies On A Rectangular Membrane, Joseph D. Romano, Richard H. Price
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
In introductory physics courses, simple arguments based on traveling waves on a string are used to relate the frequency of standing waves to boundary conditions, e.g., the fixed ends of the string. Here, we extend that approach to two-dimensional waves such as the oscillations of a rectangular membrane with edges fixed at the boundary. This results in a graphical method that uses only simple geometry and is suitable for explaining two-dimensional standing-wave oscillations to non-science majors, e.g., in a physics of sound and music class.
A Guide To Ligo–Virgo Detector Noise And Extraction Of Transient Gravitational-Wave Signals, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang, A. K. Zadrozny
A Guide To Ligo–Virgo Detector Noise And Extraction Of Transient Gravitational-Wave Signals, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang, A. K. Zadrozny
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration have cataloged eleven confidently detected gravitational-wave events during the first two observing runs of the advanced detector era. All eleven events were consistent with being from well-modeled mergers between compact stellar-mass objects: black holes or neutron stars. The data around the time of each of these events have been made publicly available through the gravitational-wave open science center. The entirety of the gravitational-wave strain data from the first and second observing runs have also now been made publicly available. There is considerable interest among the broad scientific community in understanding the data …
Electrochemically Desulfurized Molybdenum Disulfide (Mos2) And Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel Composites As Efficient Electrocatalysts For Hydrogen Evolution, Sanju Gupta, Taylor Robinson, Nicholas Dimakis
Electrochemically Desulfurized Molybdenum Disulfide (Mos2) And Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel Composites As Efficient Electrocatalysts For Hydrogen Evolution, Sanju Gupta, Taylor Robinson, Nicholas Dimakis
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Recent developments in graphene related materials including molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is gaining popularity as efficient and cost-effective nanoscale electrocatalyst essential for hydrogen production. These “clean” energy technologies require delicate control over geometric, morphological, chemical and electronic structure affecting physical and electrochemical catalytic properties. In this work, we prepared three-dimensional hierarchical mesoporous aerogels consisting of two-dimensional functionalized graphene and MoS2 nanosheets of varying ratio of components under hydrothermal–solvothermal conditions (P bar, T °C). We systematically characterized these hybrid aerogels in terms of surface morphology, microstructure, understand heterointerfaces interaction through electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, optical absorption and emission …
A Joint Fermi-Gbm And Ligo/Virgo Analysis Of Compact Binary Mergers From The First And Second Gravitational-Wave Observing Runs, R. Hamburg, C. Fletcher, E. Burns, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Karla E. Ramirez, Wenhui Wang, Adam Zadrozny
A Joint Fermi-Gbm And Ligo/Virgo Analysis Of Compact Binary Mergers From The First And Second Gravitational-Wave Observing Runs, R. Hamburg, C. Fletcher, E. Burns, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Karla E. Ramirez, Wenhui Wang, Adam Zadrozny
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We present results from offline searches of Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) data for gamma-ray transients coincident with the compact binary coalescences observed by the gravitational-wave (GW) detectors Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo during their first and second observing runs. In particular, we perform follow-up for both confirmed events and low significance candidates reported in the LIGO/Virgo catalog GWTC-1. We search for temporal coincidences between these GW signals and GBM-triggered gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We also use the GBM Untargeted and Targeted subthreshold searches to find coincident gamma-rays below the onboard triggering threshold. This work implements a refined statistical approach by …
Wallaby – An Ska Pathfinder Hisurvey, B. S. Koribalski, L. Stavely-Smith, Tobias Westmeier, P. Serra, K. Spekkens, O. I. Wang, C. D. P. Lagos, D. Obreschkow, E. V. Ryan-Webber, Juan P. Madrid
Wallaby – An Ska Pathfinder Hisurvey, B. S. Koribalski, L. Stavely-Smith, Tobias Westmeier, P. Serra, K. Spekkens, O. I. Wang, C. D. P. Lagos, D. Obreschkow, E. V. Ryan-Webber, Juan P. Madrid
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
The Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind surveY (WALLABY) is a next-generation survey of neutral hydrogen (HI) in the Local Universe. It uses the widefield, high-resolution capability of the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), a radio interferometer consisting of 36 x 12-m dishes equipped with Phased-Array Feeds (PAFs), located in an extremely radio-quiet zone in Western Australia. WALLABY aims to survey three-quarters of the sky (-90 degr < Dec < +30 degr) to a redshift of z < 0.26, and generate spectral line image cubes at ~30 arcsec resolution and ~1.6 mJy/beam per 4 km/s channel sensitivity. ASKAP's instantaneous field of view at 1.4 GHz, delivered by the PAF's 36 beams, is about 30 sq deg. At an integrated signal-to-noise ratio of five, WALLABY is expected to detect over half a million galaxies with a mean redshift of z ~ 0.05 (~200 Mpc). The scientific goals of WALLABY include: (a) a census of gas-rich galaxies in the vicinity of the Local Group; (b) a study of the HI properties of galaxies, groups and clusters, in particular the influence of the environment on galaxy evolution; and (c) the refinement of cosmological parameters using the spatial and redshift distribution of low-bias gas-rich galaxies. For context we provide an overview of previous large-scale HI surveys. Combined with existing and new multi-wavelength sky surveys, WALLABY will enable an exciting new generation of panchromatic studies of the Local Universe. - First results from the WALLABY pilot survey are revealed, with initial data products publicly available in the CSIRO ASKAP Science Data Archive (CASDA).
Gw190814: Gravitational Waves From The Coalescence Of A 23 Solar Mass Black Hole With A 2.6 Solar Mass Compact Object, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, A. Aich, G. Bissenbayeva, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee
Gw190814: Gravitational Waves From The Coalescence Of A 23 Solar Mass Black Hole With A 2.6 Solar Mass Compact Object, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, A. Aich, G. Bissenbayeva, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We report the observation of a compact binary coalescence involving a 22.2 - 24.3 M⊙ black hole and a compact object with a mass of 2.50 - 2.67 M⊙ (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible level). The gravitational-wave signal, GW190814, was observed during LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run on August 14, 2019 at 21:10:39 UTC and has a signal-to-noise ratio of 25 in the three-detector network. The source was localized to 18.5 deg2 at a distance of 241+41−45 Mpc; no electromagnetic counterpart has been confirmed to date. The source has the most unequal mass ratio yet measured with …
Nature Inspired Solid–Liquid Phase Amphibious Adhesive, Alin Cristian Chipara, Gustavo Brunetto, Sehmus Ozden, Henrik Haspel, Partha Kumbhakar, Ákos Kukovecz, Zoltán Kónya, Robert Vajtai, Mircea Chipara, Douglas S. Galvao
Nature Inspired Solid–Liquid Phase Amphibious Adhesive, Alin Cristian Chipara, Gustavo Brunetto, Sehmus Ozden, Henrik Haspel, Partha Kumbhakar, Ákos Kukovecz, Zoltán Kónya, Robert Vajtai, Mircea Chipara, Douglas S. Galvao
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Here we report a new class of bio-inspired solid–liquid adhesive, obtained by simple mechanical dispersion of PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) (solid spheres) into PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) (liquid). The adhesive behavior arises from strong solid–liquid interactions. This is a chemical reaction free adhesive (no curing time) that can be repeatedly used and is capable of instantaneously joining a large number of diverse materials (metals, ceramic, and polymer) in air and underwater. The current work is a significant advance in the development of amphibious multifunctional adhesives and presents potential applications in a range of sealing applications, including medical ones.
Constant Intensity Conical Diffraction In Discrete One-Dimensional Lattices With Charge-Conjugation Symmetry, Mojgan Dehghani, Cem Yuce, Tsampikos Kottos, Hamidreza Ramezani
Constant Intensity Conical Diffraction In Discrete One-Dimensional Lattices With Charge-Conjugation Symmetry, Mojgan Dehghani, Cem Yuce, Tsampikos Kottos, Hamidreza Ramezani
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We engineer anomalous conical diffraction (CD), occurring in discrete one-dimensional lattices with chargeconjugation symmetry when an exceptional point is in the proximity of the modes that compose the initial excitation. The evolving waveform propagates ballistically, acquiring a constant intensity profile within the boundaries of the spreading cone. The linear increase in the total intensity along the propagation direction is responsible for the generation of constant intensity CD.
Quantum-Enhanced Advanced Ligo Detectors In The Era Of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy, M. Tse, Haocun Yu, N. Kijbunchoo, A. Fernandez-Galiana, P. Dupej, L. Barsotti, C. D. Blair, D. D. Brown, S. E. Dwyer, Karla E. Ramirez
Quantum-Enhanced Advanced Ligo Detectors In The Era Of Gravitational-Wave Astronomy, M. Tse, Haocun Yu, N. Kijbunchoo, A. Fernandez-Galiana, P. Dupej, L. Barsotti, C. D. Blair, D. D. Brown, S. E. Dwyer, Karla E. Ramirez
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) has been directly detecting gravitational waves from compact binary mergers since 2015. We report on the first use of squeezed vacuum states in the direct measurement of gravitational waves with the Advanced LIGO H1 and L1 detectors. This achievement is the culmination of decades of research to implement squeezed states in gravitational-wave detectors. During the ongoing O3 observation run, squeezed states are improving the sensitivity of the LIGO interferometers to signals above 50 Hz by up to 3 dB, thereby increasing the expected detection rate by 40% (H1) and 50% (L1).
Raman Investigations On Gamma Irradiated Ipp-Vgcnf Nanocomposites: The Polymer's Tale, Dorina M. Chipara, Corina Secu, Karen Lozano, Mihail Secu, Mircea Chipara
Raman Investigations On Gamma Irradiated Ipp-Vgcnf Nanocomposites: The Polymer's Tale, Dorina M. Chipara, Corina Secu, Karen Lozano, Mihail Secu, Mircea Chipara
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Raman investigations on nanocomposites obtained by loading various amounts of vapor grown carbon nanofibers within an isotactic polypropylene matrix, and gamma irradiated in air, at various integral doses ranging between 0 and 27 kGy, are reported. The analysis is focused on the polymer's answers as revealed by Raman spectroscopy and investigate in detail the effect of ionizing radiation on the position of the Raman line originating from the polymer. The as-obtained data are correlated to the elastic features of the nanocomposites. A competition between gamma irradiation and loading by carbon nanofiber, resulting in the stretching of the polymeric matrix …
Tests Of General Relativity With The Binary Black Hole Signals From The Ligo-Virgo Catalog Gwtc-1, B. P. Abbott, S. Mukherjee
Tests Of General Relativity With The Binary Black Hole Signals From The Ligo-Virgo Catalog Gwtc-1, B. P. Abbott, S. Mukherjee
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
The detection of gravitational waves by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo provides an opportunity to test general relativity in a regime that is inaccessible to traditional astronomical observations and laboratory tests. We present four tests of the consistency of the data with binary black hole gravitational waveforms predicted by general relativity. One test subtracts the best-fit waveform from the data and checks the consistency of the residual with detector noise. The second test checks the consistency of the low- and high-frequency parts of the observed signals. The third test checks that phenomenological deviations introduced in the waveform model (including in …
Realistic Sensitivity Curves For Pulsar Timing Arrays, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Joseph D. Romano, Tristan L. Smith
Realistic Sensitivity Curves For Pulsar Timing Arrays, Jeffrey S. Hazboun, Joseph D. Romano, Tristan L. Smith
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We construct realistic sensitivity curves for pulsar timing array searches for gravitational waves, incorporating both red and white noise contributions to individual pulsar noise spectra, and the effect of fitting to a pulsar timing model. We demonstrate the method on both simulated pulsars and a realistic array consisting of a subset of NANOGrav pulsars used in recent analyses. A comparison between the results presented here and measured upper limit curves from actual analyses shows agreement to tens of percent. The resulting sensitivity curves can be used to assess the detectability of predicted gravitational-wave signals in the nanohertz frequency band in …
Magnetic Field Effect In The Fine-Structure Constant And Electron Dynamical Mass, Efrain J. Ferrer, A. Sanchez
Magnetic Field Effect In The Fine-Structure Constant And Electron Dynamical Mass, Efrain J. Ferrer, A. Sanchez
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We investigate the effect of an applied constant and uniform magnetic field in the fine-structure constant of massive and massless QED. In massive QED, it is shown that a strong magnetic field removes the so called Landau pole and that the fine-structure constant becomes anisotropic having different values along and transverse to the field direction. Contrary to other results in the literature, we find that the anisotropic fine-structure constant always decreases with the field. We also study the effect of the running of the coupling constant with the magnetic field on the electron mass. We find that in both cases …
Search For Gravitational-Wave Signals Associated With Gamma-Ray Bursts During The Second Observing Run Of Advanced Ligo And Advanced Virgo, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang
Search For Gravitational-Wave Signals Associated With Gamma-Ray Bursts During The Second Observing Run Of Advanced Ligo And Advanced Virgo, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, Robert Stone, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We present the results of targeted searches for gravitational-wave transients associated with gamma-ray bursts during the second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, which took place from 2016 November to 2017 August. We have analyzed 98 gamma-ray bursts using an unmodeled search method that searches for generic transient gravitational waves and 42 with a modeled search method that targets compact-binary mergers as progenitors of short gamma-ray bursts. Both methods clearly detect the previously reported binary merger signal GW170817, with p-values of z ≤ 1. We estimate 0.07–1.80 joint detections with Fermi-GBM per year for the 2019–20 …
Estimating The Angular Power Spectrum Of The Gravitational-Wave Background In The Presence Of Shot Noise, Alexander C. Jenkins, Joseph D. Romano, Mairi Sakellariadou
Estimating The Angular Power Spectrum Of The Gravitational-Wave Background In The Presence Of Shot Noise, Alexander C. Jenkins, Joseph D. Romano, Mairi Sakellariadou
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
There has been much recent interest in studying anisotropies in the astrophysical gravitational-wave (GW) background, as these could provide us with interesting new information about galaxy clustering and large-scale structure. However, this information is obscured by shot noise, caused by the finite number of GW sources that contribute to the background at any given time. We develop a new method for estimating the angular spectrum of anisotropies, based on the principle of combining statistically-independent data segments. We show that this gives an unbiased estimate of the true, astrophysical spectrum, removing the offset due to shot noise power, and that …
Effects Of Solvent Used For Fabrication On Drug Loading And Release Kinetics Of Electrosprayed Temozolomide-Loaded Plga Microparticles For The Treatment Of Glioblastoma, Daniel A. Rodriguez De Anda, Nareg Ohannesian, Karen S. Martirosyan, Sue Anne Chew
Effects Of Solvent Used For Fabrication On Drug Loading And Release Kinetics Of Electrosprayed Temozolomide-Loaded Plga Microparticles For The Treatment Of Glioblastoma, Daniel A. Rodriguez De Anda, Nareg Ohannesian, Karen S. Martirosyan, Sue Anne Chew
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and invasive form of malignant brain tumors and despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the survival of patients with GBM still remains poor. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the chemotherapy drug that is most commonly given orally after surgical resection of these tumors. In this study, the effects of solvents (i.e., dichloromethane and acetonitrile) used for the fabrication of electrosprayed TMZ-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) on drug loading, loading efficiency, drug release kinetics, surface morphology, and particle size were investigated. The results from this study demonstrated that by using a larger volume of a solvent …
Search For Eccentric Binary Black Hole Mergers With Advanced Ligo And Advanced Virgo During Their First And Second Observing Runs, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Wenhui Wang
Search For Eccentric Binary Black Hole Mergers With Advanced Ligo And Advanced Virgo During Their First And Second Observing Runs, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Wenhui Wang
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
When formed through dynamical interactions, stellar-mass binary black holes (BBHs) may retain eccentric orbits (e > 0.1 at 10 Hz) detectable by ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. Eccentricity can therefore be used to differentiate dynamically formed binaries from isolated BBH mergers. Current template-based gravitational-wave searches do not use waveform models associated with eccentric orbits, rendering the search less efficient for eccentric binary systems. Here we present the results of a search for BBH mergers that inspiral in eccentric orbits using data from the first and second observing runs (O1 and O2) of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. We carried out the search …
Binary Black Hole Population Properties Inferred From The First And Second Observing Runs Of Advanced Ligo And Advanced Virgo, B. P. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Karla E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang, Adam Zadrozny
Binary Black Hole Population Properties Inferred From The First And Second Observing Runs Of Advanced Ligo And Advanced Virgo, B. P. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Karla E. Ramirez, Satzhan Sitmukhambetov, D. Tuyenbayev, W. H. Wang, Adam Zadrozny
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We present results on the mass, spin, and redshift distributions with phenomenological population models using the 10 binary black hole (BBH) mergers detected in the first and second observing runs completed by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. We constrain properties of the BBH mass spectrum using models with a range of parameterizations of the BBH mass and spin distributions. We find that the mass distribution of the more massive BH in such binaries is well approximated by models with no more than 1% of BHs more massive than 45M(circle dot) and a power-law index of alpha = 1.3(-1.7)(+1.4) (90% credibility). …
Wallaby Early Science − V. Askap Hi Imaging Of The Lyon Group Of Galaxies 351, B. Q. For, L. Staveley-Smith, T. Westmeier, M. Whiting, S. -H. Oh, B. Koribalski, J. Wang, O. I. Wong, G. Bekiaris, Juan P. Madrid
Wallaby Early Science − V. Askap Hi Imaging Of The Lyon Group Of Galaxies 351, B. Q. For, L. Staveley-Smith, T. Westmeier, M. Whiting, S. -H. Oh, B. Koribalski, J. Wang, O. I. Wong, G. Bekiaris, Juan P. Madrid
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We present an HI study of the galaxy group LGG 351 usingWidefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind Survey (WALLABY) early science data observed with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP). LGG 351 resides behind the M 83 group at a velocity range (cz) of ∼3500–4800 km s−1 within the rich Hydra-Centaurus overdensity region. We detect 40 sources with the discovery of a tidally interacting galaxy pair and two new HI sources that are not presented in previous optical catalogues. 23 out of 40 sources have new redshifts derived from the new HI data. This study is the largest WALLABY …
Search For The Isotropic Stochastic Background Using Data From Advanced Ligo’S Second Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Robert Stone, Wenhui Wang
Search For The Isotropic Stochastic Background Using Data From Advanced Ligo’S Second Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Robert Stone, Wenhui Wang
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
The stochastic gravitational-wave background is a superposition of sources that are either too weak or too numerous to detect individually. In this study, we present the results from a cross-correlation analysis on data from Advanced LIGO’s second observing run (O2), which we combine with the results of the first observing run (O1). We do not find evidence for a stochastic background, so we place upper limits on the normalized energy density in gravitational waves at the 95% credible level of ΩGW