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Articles 91 - 120 of 230
Full-Text Articles in Applied Mathematics
Neither “Post-War” Nor Post-Pregnancy Paranoia: How America’S War On Drugs Continues To Perpetuate Disparate Incarceration Outcomes For Pregnant, Substance-Involved Offenders, Becca S. Zimmerman
Neither “Post-War” Nor Post-Pregnancy Paranoia: How America’S War On Drugs Continues To Perpetuate Disparate Incarceration Outcomes For Pregnant, Substance-Involved Offenders, Becca S. Zimmerman
Pitzer Senior Theses
This thesis investigates the unique interactions between pregnancy, substance involvement, and race as they relate to the War on Drugs and the hyper-incarceration of women. Using ordinary least square regression analyses and data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates, I examine if (and how) pregnancy status, drug use, race, and their interactions influence two length of incarceration outcomes: sentence length and amount of time spent in jail between arrest and imprisonment. The results collectively indicate that pregnancy decreases length of incarceration outcomes for those offenders who are not substance-involved but not evenhandedly -- benefitting white …
A Gender And Race Theoretical And Probabilistic Analysis Of The Recent Title Ix Policy Changes, Jordan Wellington
A Gender And Race Theoretical And Probabilistic Analysis Of The Recent Title Ix Policy Changes, Jordan Wellington
Scripps Senior Theses
On May 6th, 2020, after extensive public comment and review, the Department of Education published the final rule for the new Title IX regulations, which took effect in schools on August 14th. Title IX is the nearly fifty year old piece of the Education Amendments that prohibits sexual discrimination in federally funded schools. Several of these changes, such as the inclusion of live hearings and cross examination of witnesses, have been widely criticized by victims’ rights advocates for potentially retraumatizing victims of sexual assault and discouraging students from pursuing a Title IX claim. While the impact of the new regulations …
Stability Of Modified Host-Parasitoid Model With Allee Effect, Özlem A. Gümüs, A. G. Maria Selvam, R. Janagaraj
Stability Of Modified Host-Parasitoid Model With Allee Effect, Özlem A. Gümüs, A. G. Maria Selvam, R. Janagaraj
Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)
This paper deals with a host-parasitoid model subject to Allee effect and its dynamical behavior. Steady state points of the proposed host-parasitoid model are computed. Stability properties are analyzed with eigen values of Jacobian matrix which are determined at the steady states. Theoretical findings are supported by numerical illustrations and enhanced by pictorial representations such as bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits and local amplifications for different parameter values. Existence of chaotic behavior in the system is established via bifurcation and sensitivity analysis of the system at the initial conditions. Various phase portraits are simulated for a better understanding of the qualitative …
Exploring Food Deserts And Environmental Impacts On Health In Chicago And Oregon, Sivasomasundari Arunarasu, Paulina Grzybowicz
Exploring Food Deserts And Environmental Impacts On Health In Chicago And Oregon, Sivasomasundari Arunarasu, Paulina Grzybowicz
altREU Projects
Food deserts are defined as, “an impoverished area where residents lack access to healthy foods”. This lack of access can be due to a combination of socioeconomic, geographic, and food-related variables, and has been proven to impact the health of residents in the area. In this project, several statistical and machine learning techniques are used to model the impact of food desserts and various other factors on health outcomes, including diabetes and obesity rates, in both the different neighborhoods in the City of Chicago and the various counties in the state of Oregon. The models are then used to determine …
Why Quadratic Log-Log Dependence Is Ubiquitous And What Next, Sean R. Aguilar, Vladik Kreinovich, Uyen Pham
Why Quadratic Log-Log Dependence Is Ubiquitous And What Next, Sean R. Aguilar, Vladik Kreinovich, Uyen Pham
Departmental Technical Reports (CS)
In many real-life situations ranging from financial to volcanic data, growth is described either by a power law -- which is linear in log-log scale, or by a quadratic dependence in the log-log scale. In this paper, we use natural scale invariance requirement to explain the ubiquity of such dependencies. We also explain what should be a reasonable choice of the next model, if quadratic turns out to be not too accurate: it turns out that under scale invariance, the next class of models are cubic dependencies in the log-log scale, then fourth order dependencies, etc.
A Mathematical Model To Study The Crime Dynamics Spread Within Minority Communities, Maila Brucal-Hallare, Beatriz Cuartas, Anne Fernando, Ana Vivas-Barber
A Mathematical Model To Study The Crime Dynamics Spread Within Minority Communities, Maila Brucal-Hallare, Beatriz Cuartas, Anne Fernando, Ana Vivas-Barber
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Decision Tree For Predicting The Party Of Legislators, Afsana Mimi
Decision Tree For Predicting The Party Of Legislators, Afsana Mimi
Publications and Research
The motivation of the project is to identify the legislators who voted frequently against their party in terms of their roll call votes using Office of Clerk U.S. House of Representatives Data Sets collected in 2018 and 2019. We construct a model to predict the parties of legislators based on their votes. The method we used is Decision Tree from Data Mining. Python was used to collect raw data from internet, SAS was used to clean data, and all other calculations and graphical presentations are performed using the R software.
Congressional Redistricting, C. David Robshaw
Congressional Redistricting, C. David Robshaw
All Zyzzogeton Presentations
To identify when gerrymandering occurs, one can study compactness measures of districts. After determining that some measures of compactness alone are insufficient to identify fair or biased district boundaries, this study's investigation continues by focusing on wasted votes. Using wasted votes, a procedure is developed and coded in R that takes a given congressional district map and alters it to provide a redistricting of desired fair or partisan results.
Economics Of Reciprocity And Temptation, Laxman Bokati, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Nguyen Ngoc Thach
Economics Of Reciprocity And Temptation, Laxman Bokati, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Nguyen Ngoc Thach
Departmental Technical Reports (CS)
Behavioral economics has shown that in many situations, people's behavior differs from what is predicted by simple traditional utility-maximization economic models. It is therefore desirable to be able to accurately describe people's actual behavior. In some cases, the difference from the traditional models is caused by bounded rationality -- our limited ability to process information and to come up with a truly optimal solutions. In such cases, predicting people's behavior is difficult. In other cases, however, people actually optimize -- but the actual expression for utility is more complicated than in the traditional models. In such case, it is, in …
Wilson Sensor Footballs: Consistency Metric, Kenneth Eaton
Wilson Sensor Footballs: Consistency Metric, Kenneth Eaton
Honors Capstone Enhancement Presentations
No abstract provided.
K-Means Stock Clustering Analysis Based On Historical Price Movements And Financial Ratios, Shu Bin
K-Means Stock Clustering Analysis Based On Historical Price Movements And Financial Ratios, Shu Bin
CMC Senior Theses
The 2015 article Creating Diversified Portfolios Using Cluster Analysis proposes an algorithm that uses the Sharpe ratio and results from K-means clustering conducted on companies' historical financial ratios to generate stock market portfolios. This project seeks to evaluate the performance of the portfolio-building algorithm during the beginning period of the COVID-19 recession. S&P 500 companies' historical stock price movement and their historical return on assets and asset turnover ratios are used as dissimilarity metrics for K-means clustering. After clustering, stock with the highest Sharpe ratio from each cluster is picked to become a part of the portfolio. The economic and …
Mechanisms Of Value-Biased Prioritization In Fast Sensorimotor Decision Making, Kivilcim Afacan-Seref
Mechanisms Of Value-Biased Prioritization In Fast Sensorimotor Decision Making, Kivilcim Afacan-Seref
Dissertations and Theses
In dynamic environments, split-second sensorimotor decisions must be prioritized according to potential payoffs to maximize overall rewards. The impact of relative value on deliberative perceptual judgments has been examined extensively, but relatively little is known about value-biasing mechanisms in the common situation where physical evidence is strong but the time to act is severely limited. This research examines the behavioral and electrophysiological indices of how value biases split-second perceptual decisions and the possible mechanisms underlying the process. In prominent decision models, a noisy but statistically stationary representation of sensory evidence is integrated over time to an action-triggering bound, and value-biases …
Stationary Distribution Of Recombination On 4x4 Grid Graph As It Relates To Gerrymandering, Camryn Hollarsmith
Stationary Distribution Of Recombination On 4x4 Grid Graph As It Relates To Gerrymandering, Camryn Hollarsmith
Scripps Senior Theses
A gerrymandered political districting plan is used to benefit a group seeking to elect more of their own officials into office. This practice happens at the city, county and state level. A gerrymandered plan can be strategically designed based on partisanship, race, and other factors. Gerrymandering poses a contradiction to the idea of “one person, one vote” ruled by the United States Supreme Court case Reynolds v. Sims (1964) because it values one demographic’s votes more than another’s, thus creating an unfair advantage and compromising American democracy. To prevent the practice of gerrymandering, we must know how to detect a …
Asset Pricing Under Randomized Solvable Diffusions, Hiromichi Kato
Asset Pricing Under Randomized Solvable Diffusions, Hiromichi Kato
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
By employing a randomization procedure on the geometric Brownian motion (GBM) model, we construct our new pricing models with stochastic volatility exhibiting symmetric smiles in the log-forward moneyness, and admitting simple closed-form analytical expressions for European-style option prices. We assume that there are no infinitesimal correlations between the underlying asset prices and their volatility, and the integrated squared volatility processes are random variables with well-known probability density functions. Under some regularity conditions, closed-form expressions are obtained by taking the expectation of option prices under diffusion models over the integrated squared volatility process, which relate to the Bayesian framework in the …
Personalized Detection Of Anxiety Provoking News Events Using Semantic Network Analysis, Jacquelyn Cheun Phd, Luay Dajani, Quentin B. Thomas
Personalized Detection Of Anxiety Provoking News Events Using Semantic Network Analysis, Jacquelyn Cheun Phd, Luay Dajani, Quentin B. Thomas
SMU Data Science Review
In the age of hyper-connectivity, 24/7 news cycles, and instant news alerts via social media, mental health researchers don't have a way to automatically detect news content which is associated with triggering anxiety or depression in mental health patients. Using the Associated Press news wire, a semantic network was built with 1,056 news articles containing over 500,000 connections across multiple topics to provide a personalized algorithm which detects problematic news content for a given reader. We make use of Semantic Network Analysis to surface the relationship between news article text and anxiety in readers who struggle with mental health disorders. …
Cure: A Mathematical Model Of Suicide Risk Among Us Veterans, Anna Singley, Ruth Olson, Sydney Adams, Hannah Callender Highlander
Cure: A Mathematical Model Of Suicide Risk Among Us Veterans, Anna Singley, Ruth Olson, Sydney Adams, Hannah Callender Highlander
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Maximum Entropy Approach To Portfolio Optimization: Economic Justification Of An Intuitive Diversity Idea, Laxman Bokati, Vladik Kreinovich
Maximum Entropy Approach To Portfolio Optimization: Economic Justification Of An Intuitive Diversity Idea, Laxman Bokati, Vladik Kreinovich
Departmental Technical Reports (CS)
The traditional Markowitz approach to portfolio optimization assumes that we know the means, variances, and covariances of the return rates of all the financial instruments. In some practical situations, however, we do not have enough information to determine the variances and covariances, we only know the means. To provide a reasonable portfolio allocation for such cases, researchers proposed a heuristic maximum entropy approach. In this paper, we provide an economic justification for this heuristic idea.
Why Top Experts Are Paid So Much: Economics-Based Explanation, Julio C. Urenda, Vladik Kreinovich
Why Top Experts Are Paid So Much: Economics-Based Explanation, Julio C. Urenda, Vladik Kreinovich
Departmental Technical Reports (CS)
At first glance, it seems that people should be paid in proportion to their contribution, so if one person produces a little more than the other one, he/she should be paid a little more. In reality, however, top performers are paid dis-proportionally more than those whose performance is slightly worse. How can we explain this from an economic viewpoint? We show that actually there is no paradox here: a simple economic analysis shows that in many area, it makes perfect economic sense to pay much more to top performers.
Analysis Of An Eco-Epidemiological Model Under Optimal Control Measures For Infected Prey, Alfred Hugo, Emanuel Simanjilo
Analysis Of An Eco-Epidemiological Model Under Optimal Control Measures For Infected Prey, Alfred Hugo, Emanuel Simanjilo
Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)
This paper examines the analysis of an eco-epidemiological model with optimal control strategies for infected prey. A model is proposed and analyzed qualitatively using the stability theory of the differential equations. A local and global study of the model is performed around the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium to analyze the global stability using the Lyapunov function. The time-dependent control is introduced into the system to determine the best strategy for controlling the disease. The results obtained suggested the separation of the infected population plays a vital role in disease elimination.
The Martingale Approach To Financial Mathematics, Jordan M. Rowley
The Martingale Approach To Financial Mathematics, Jordan M. Rowley
Master's Theses
In this thesis, we will develop the fundamental properties of financial mathematics, with a focus on establishing meaningful connections between martingale theory, stochastic calculus, and measure-theoretic probability. We first consider a simple binomial model in discrete time, and assume the impossibility of earning a riskless profit, known as arbitrage. Under this no-arbitrage assumption alone, we stumble upon a strange new probability measure Q, according to which every risky asset is expected to grow as though it were a bond. As it turns out, this measure Q also gives the arbitrage-free pricing formula for every asset on our market. In …
The Long-Run Effects Of Tropical Cyclones On Infant Mortality, Isabel Miranda
The Long-Run Effects Of Tropical Cyclones On Infant Mortality, Isabel Miranda
Master's Theses
In the United States alone, each tropical cyclone causes an average of $14.6 billion worth of damages. In addition to the destruction of physical infrastructure, natural disasters also negatively impact human capital formation. These losses are often more difficult to observe, and therefore, are over looked when quantifying the true costs of natural disasters. One particular effect is an increase in infant mortality rates, an important indicator of a country’s general socioeconomic level. This paper utilizes a model created by Anttila-Hughes and Hsiang, that takes advantage of annual variation in tropical cyclones using annual spatial average maximum wind speeds and …
School Policy Evaluated With Time-Reversible Markov Chain, Trajan Murphy, Iddo Ben-Ari
School Policy Evaluated With Time-Reversible Markov Chain, Trajan Murphy, Iddo Ben-Ari
Honors Scholar Theses
In this work we propose a reversible Markov chain scheme to model for the mobility of students affected by a grade school leveling policy. This model provides unified and mathematically tractable framework in which transition functions are sampled uniformly from the set of {\bf reversible} transition functions. The results from the study appear to confirm the disadvantageous effects of this school policy, on par with the of a previous model on the same policy.
Traffic Signal Consensus Control, Gerardo Lafferriere
Traffic Signal Consensus Control, Gerardo Lafferriere
TREC Final Reports
We introduce a model for traffic signal management based on network consensus control principles. The underlying principle in a consensus approach is that traffic signal cycles are adjusted in a distributed way so as to achieve desirable ratios of queue lengths throughout the street network. This approach tends to reduce traffic congestion due to queue saturation at any particular city block and it appears less susceptible to congestion due to unexpected traffic loads on the street grid. We developed simulation tools based on the MATLAB computing environment to analyze the use of the mathematical consensus approach to manage the signal …
A Decentralized Network Consensus Control Approach For Urban Traffic Signal Optimization, Gerardo Lafferriere
A Decentralized Network Consensus Control Approach For Urban Traffic Signal Optimization, Gerardo Lafferriere
TREC Project Briefs
Automobile traffic congestion in urban areas is a worsening problem that comes with significant economic and social costs. This report offers a new approach to urban congestion management through traffic signal control.
An Imputation Approach To Developing Alternative Futures Of Country Conflict, Zachary J. Kane
An Imputation Approach To Developing Alternative Futures Of Country Conflict, Zachary J. Kane
Theses and Dissertations
Understanding what causes countries to be in a state of violent conflict is of vital importance to developing realistic national strategies on both a regional and global scale. Given these causes, it is important to understand the effects of missing data, how to impute that data, and the interrelation between data elements. Utilizing both open source data and previously generated equations that predict a country’s likelihood to transition conflict statuses, this research projects data into the future and predicts each nations’ subsequent conflict statuses. Future data is populated using a novel approach inspired by stochastic regression imputation. The replicated future …
Estimation Of Multivariate Asset Models With Jumps, Angela Loregian, Laura Ballotta, Gianluca Gianluca Fusai, Marcos Fabricio Perez
Estimation Of Multivariate Asset Models With Jumps, Angela Loregian, Laura Ballotta, Gianluca Gianluca Fusai, Marcos Fabricio Perez
Business Faculty Publications
We propose a consistent and computationally efficient two-step methodology for the estimation of multidimensional non-Gaussian asset models built using Levy processes. The proposed framework allows for dependence between assets and different tail behaviors and jump structures for each asset. Our procedure can be applied to portfolios with a large number of assets as it is immune to estimation dimensionality problems. Simulations show good finite sample properties and significant efficiency gains. This method is especially relevant for risk management purposes such as, for example, the computation of portfolio Value at Risk and intra-horizon Value at Risk, as we show in detail …
An Inference-Driven Branch And Bound Optimization Strategy For Planning Ambulance Services, Kevin Mcdaniel
An Inference-Driven Branch And Bound Optimization Strategy For Planning Ambulance Services, Kevin Mcdaniel
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Strategic placement of ambulances is important to the efficient functioning of emergency services. As part of an ongoing collaboration with Wayne County 911, we developed a strategy to optimize the placement of ambulances throughout Wayne County based on de-identified call and response data from 2016 and 2017. The primary goals of the optimization were minimizing annual operating cost and mean response time, as well as providing a constructive solution that could naturally evolve from the existing plan. This thesis details the derivation and implementation of one of the optimization strategies used in this project. It is based on parametric statistical …
Pawnee Dam Inflow Design Flood (Idf) Update And Stage-Frequency Curve Development Using Rmcrfa, Jennifer P. Christensen, Joshua J. Melliger
Pawnee Dam Inflow Design Flood (Idf) Update And Stage-Frequency Curve Development Using Rmcrfa, Jennifer P. Christensen, Joshua J. Melliger
United States Geological Survey: Water Reports and Publications
Pawnee Dam is one of the ten Salt Creek Dams designed and built in the 1960s to mitigate flooding in Lincoln, Nebraska. This short paper illustrates the update of the Pawnee Dam inflow design flood (IDF) through calibration to recent high flow events and the development of its stage-frequency or hydrologic loading curve with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ Risk Management Center Reservoir Frequency Analysis (RMC-RFA) model. The IDF update follows Engineering Regulation 1110-8-2, Inflow Design Flood for Dams and Reservoirs, including unit hydrograph peaking and two antecedent pool elevations. Background information on the original design of the dam …
Decision Making Under Uncertainty With Applications To Geosciences And Finance, Laxman Bokati
Decision Making Under Uncertainty With Applications To Geosciences And Finance, Laxman Bokati
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
In many practical situations, we need to make a decision. In engineering, we need to decide on the best design of a system, and, for existing systems â?? on the best control strategy. In financial applications, we need to decide what is the best way to invest money. In geosciences, we need to decide whether we should explore a possible mineral deposit â?? or whether we should perform more experiments and measurements (and what exactly). In some cases, we can compute the exact consequences of each decision - e.g., if we are controlling a satellite. However, in many other cases, …
Induced Hesitant 2-Tuple Linguistic Aggregation Operators With Application In Group Decision Making, Tabasam Rashid, Ismat Beg, Raja N. Jamil
Induced Hesitant 2-Tuple Linguistic Aggregation Operators With Application In Group Decision Making, Tabasam Rashid, Ismat Beg, Raja N. Jamil
Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)
In this article, hesitant 2-tuple linguistic arguments are used to evaluate the group decision making problems which have inter dependent or inter active attributes. Operational laws are developed for hesitant 2-tuple linguistic elements and based on these operational laws hesitant 2- tuple weighted averaging operator and generalized hesitant 2- tuple averaging operator are proposed. Combining Choquet integral with hesitant 2-tuple linguistic information, some new aggregation operators are defined, including the hesitant 2-tuple correlated averaging operator, the hesitant 2-tuple correlated geometric operator and the generalized hesitant 2-tuple correlated averaging operator. These proposed operators successfully manage the correlations among the elements. After …