Applied Mathematics Commons^™

Production Box Cost Estimating Relationships For Dod Avionics, Carla J. Cisneros, Edward D. White, Brandon M. Lucas, Jonathan D. Ritschel, Robert D. Fass, Shawn M. Valentine

Faculty Publications

The authors use historical information obtained from the Cost Assessment Data Enterprise to estimate recurring production unit cost for DoD avionics via cost estimating relationships (CERs). The specific modeled responses include mean unit cost, median unit cost, and the 100th production unit cost (T100) utilizing learning curve theory. For T100, the authors adopt both a multiplicative and an additive error for CER comparison. Recommended CERs consist of the mean unit cost and the T100 utilizing a multiplicative error. Moreover, results reveal that weight has a significant effect on cost as well as a potential underaccounting of real price change or …

Performance Studies Of An Axial Flow Waterjet Pump Using An Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Model, Stephen E. Monroe, Junfeng Wang, Chunlei Liang

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

In this study, an Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) model is demonstrated its suitability for studying the flow and performance of open marine propellers and waterjet pumps. First, the accuracy of the URANS model is validated by studying turbulent flow past counter-rotating propellers (CRPs). Specifically, experimental data from Miller (1976) is employed for comparison against the URANS results. Subsequently, URANS is used to study the flow and performance of an Office of Naval Research (ONR) axial flow waterjet pump (AxWJ-2). Due to the large number of degrees of freedom for both simulations, parallel computations over 80 cores are performed. For the …

A Micromagnetic Study Of Skyrmions In Thin-Film Multilayered Ferromagnetic Materials, Nicholas J. Dubicki

Dissertations

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected, localized, nanoscale spin textures in non-centrosymmetric thin ferromagnetic materials and heterostructures. At present they are of great interest to physicists for potential applications in information technology due to their particle-like properties and stability. In a system of multiple thin ferromagnetic layers, the stray field interaction was typically treated with various simplifications and approximations. It is shown that extensive analysis of the micromagnetic equations leads to an exact representation of the stray field interaction energy in the form of layer interaction kernels, a so-called 'finite thickness' representation. This formulation reveals the competition between perpendicular magnetic anisotropy …

Evaluation Of Business-Driven Reference Architecture For Big Data Analytics Implementation By Public Sector Organizations In Resource-Constrained Setting: A Case Study Of Uganda, Matendo Didas

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Big Data Analytics (BDA) is a new area at the nexus of agenda, public sector organizations, and government business. It may satisfy the growing need for trustworthy, cost-effective services in the public sector for better, more informed decision-making processes. BDA has been proposed on the planning schedules of several public sector organizations and the government. Therefore, from the previous work, using Uganda as a case study, specifically the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), Ministry of Health (MoH), and Ministry of Education and Sports (MoES), this study aims to evaluate a designed Business-Driven Reference Architecture for Big Data Analytics Implementation (BRABDAI) …

Exploring The Transformation Of Sustainable Collective Spaces: A Study From Mlalakuwa Informal Settlement, Jacob Lutta

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A major challenge in collective space transformation is addressing the complexity of informal urbanisation in developing countries. Using a case study approach, this paper examines the concerns related to a particular informal settlement's sustainable collective space transformation. One of the key findings is that the absence of formal rules and regulations in the development of informal settlements in combination with land-grabbing leads to the absence of open spaces that could be used collectively. It is observed that sustainability in urban development is another body of critical thought that integrates several streams of current urban elements and embodies various conceptions of …

Investigation Of Heavy Metal Composition And Associated Health Risks From Selected Groundwater Wells In Temeke, Dar-Es-Salaam, Justin M. Jeremiah

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Water quality continues to be the challenge to residents in Dar es Salaam due to various anthropogenic activities in the city. This study was conducted to assess groundwater quality by determining concentrations of heavy metals. Both probability and Nonprobability sampling techniques were used to collect samples from 40 groundwater wells in 24 wards of Temeke municipal and analysed using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (Agilent 4210 MP-AES) at the Geochemistry Laboratory of the University of Dar es Salaam. Results indicated varying heavy metal concentrations ranging from 0.71 ± 0.08 to 6.64 ± 0.21 mg/l for As, 0.02 ± 0.01 to …

Development And Testing Of Small-Scale Flash Dryer For Maize Bran, Eden Ngowi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Sun drying is the most common technique used to dry various food products due to its economic convenience. However, it is not effective owing to its unreliable nature leading to microbial deterioration and aflatoxin contamination of food. In Tanzania, about 1.3 million tonnes of maize bran are at risk of deterioration annually due to improper drying. The aim of this study was to design, fabricate and test an efficient small-scale flash dryer for maize bran. Using principles of material and energy balance, a small-scale flash dryer with a throughput of 500 kg of dry product per hour was designed resulting …

Assessing The Importance Of Air-Decking Blasting In Controlling Bigv At An Open Pit Gold Mine In Tanzania Using Ann Model, Karim R. Baruti

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Air-decking blasting technique is used to control blast induced ground vibration (BIGV) in several mines including open-pit gold mines located in Tanzania. While the importance of air-deck to control BIGV is practically evident, theoretical models such as BIGV prediction models cannot be used to assess the importance of air-decking. The main objective of this study was to assess the importance of the air-decking blasting technique to control BIGV using the artificial neural network (ANN)Model. To achieve this objective, ANNs were modeled and trained to learn the pattern of data using Multilayer Perception with Back Propagation to predict BIGV. The main …

Perona-Malik Diffusion-Driven Regularization For Image Resolution Enhancement In Electrical Capacitance Tomography, Nassor Ally

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is a non-invasive promising method for monitoring industrial processes, such as oil-gas flow in pipelines and solid-gas flow in pneumatic systems. Despite its potential benefits, ECT generates poor-quality images, often used only for qualitative analysis. A non-linear relationship between measured capacitances and permittivity distribution and the ill-posedness of the sensitivity matrix elements causes this limitation. This hinders the applicability of ECT in monitoring online industrial process applications. This work proposes a reconstruction method based on a nonlinear diffusion function to generate high-quality images from the measured capacitance data from the ECT system. The diffusion regularization functional …

The Bioremediation Effect Of Microalgae On Wastewater: A Green Technology Approach, Mohamed Ahmed Reda Hamed Dr, Marwa Abdelfattah Abdallah Dr

Journal of Engineering Research

The present study lays an emphasis on the microalgae-based for simultaneous wastewater bioremediation using Chlorella vulgaris and Micrococcus luteus mixed algal cultures to remove its constituent pollutants, amazing green technology guarantees benefits with the decrease in the formation of dangerous solid sludge. Ten days of fully monitoring laboratory experimental program were performed in batch cultures to investigate the effect of various dominant mixing ratios for attaining wastewater concentrations and different governing temperature ranges on the performance of microalgae treatment. The results revealed that there is a significant impact of both wastewater concentrations and temperature treatment conditions on the capability of …

Unlocking The Potential Of Rooftop Sustainable Systems: Understanding Barriers And Facilitators, Mahmoud Desouki, Taghreed A. El-Haddad

Journal of Engineering Research

Urbanization is reducing green spaces in old cities globally, including Egypt, adversely impacting air quality, climate, and psychological well-being. The rooftop has the potential to offer viable alternatives that provide multiple benefits. They can host sustainable systems, and foster social activities. Despite these advantages, their adoption in cities like Tanta the Egyptian city, one of the world's most densely populated cities with a shrinking per capita green space, remains limited. Most rooftops are often serving as dumping grounds for trash and unused items. This study aims to explore the reasons behind this underutilization to find ways to encourage the use …

Indicators And Evidence Of Environmental Sustainability For Pedestrian In Public Parks (Towards An Approach For Formulating A Guideline Evaluation Model), Nashwa Youssif

Journal of Engineering Research

يتناول البحث أحد المجالات التي فرضت تواجدها في الأونة الأخيرة علي الساحة العلمية والبحثية التي تتعلق بالعلاقة التبادلية التأثير بين الإنسان والفراغ العمراني حيث يتنامي الإهتمام بالخصائص الإنسانيه و مدي توافقها مع هذا الفراغ العمراني.

وتعد مسارات المشاة من أهم الحيزات العمرانية التى تشكل النسيج العمراني وأحد أهم وسائل التواصل الإجتماعي والثقافي والوظيفي نظرآ لإرتباطها بالغالبية العظمي من أفراد المجتمع، ومساعدتها على جذب العديـد من الأنشطة داخل الحدائق العامة. مما يشير إلي ضرورة الإهتمام بتحسين بيئة حركة المشاه كمدخل للتواصل والإستدامة.

ومن هنا تتمثل مشكلة البحث في نقص الدراسات حول تقييم العلاقة بين معايير الاستدامة التصميمية والنظم البيئية لمسارات المشاة …

Localized Hermite Method Of Approximate Particular Solutions, Kwesi Acheampong

Dissertations

A localized Hermite method of approximate particular solutions (LHMAPS) is presented in this dissertation. This method is designed to improve the accuracy of the localized method of approximate particular solutions (LMAPS) for solving partial differential equations. LMAPS is a strong-form method that defines local radial basis function approximations to the solution values at a group of collocation points before applying the differential operator to this approximation function. Based on the LMAPS's local scheme, LHMAPS seeks Hermite-type local approximations based on both function values and derivatives. Numerical experiments validate the superior accuracy of the proposed method to the LMAPS by solving …

Frameworks For The Techno-Economic Assessment Of Membrane-Based Bioprocessing Platforms, Juan Jose Romero Conde

All Dissertations

This dissertation describes developing and implementing computational frameworks for simulating and optimizing purification processes in the biopharmaceutical industry. The framework performs techno-economic analyses to establish value propositions for new process alternatives, especially membrane technologies. Initially, the focus is developing a framework capable of simulating monoclonal antibody (mAb) capture using membrane and resin media in multi-column chromatography (MCC) platforms for continuous manufacturing. Subsequently, the impact of capture MCC is compared against other intensification strategies in established mAb manufacturing facilities. Finally, the framework application expands to simulate the purification of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors for gene therapy.

Chapter 2 details the framework …

The Role Of Sensing Modalities In Shaping Collective Motion And Group Behavior, Poorendra P. Ramlall

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Collective behavior refers to the coordinated movements that emerge from simple interactions between individuals within a group. Traditionally, researchers have modeled these interactions assuming individuals can sense their surroundings in all directions, like having eyes all around their heads. While this is a useful simplification, it does not capture the diverse ways animals actually sense the world. In this thesis, we take inspiration from the natural world, particularly from animals like bats and dolphins that use a combination of hearing and sight to navigate their environments. We explore how combining these sensory cues in a three-dimensional space affects the way …

Employing Interactive Architecture Techniques In Architectural Design Methodologies To Retrieve Ancient Egyptian Identity, Dina Elwy Aly Hamed Hussein Dr. Lobna Abd-Allah Abd-Elfattah Agha , Dr. Azza Sobhi Ragab Elsakka

Journal of Engineering Research

Architectural projects often rely on modern technologies like smart architecture and environmental treatments, neglecting the principles and philosophy that reflect civilization, ideas, culture, and traditions. This leads to short-lived buildings that depend on these technologies without any purpose of preserving them. Technicians must constantly renew technology to improve production and without benefits, as threats of superior artificial intelligence have been warned, that autonomous machines may perform tasks without programmers understanding how to reach this level. Instead of relying solely on environmental or smart technology, we should make technology serve the design idea rather than relying solely on it. Considering this, …

The Effect Of Lighting In Color In The Interior Space Of The Residential Unit, Abd Elbary Eldininy Abd Elbary Eldininy

Journal of Engineering Research

ABSTRACT: Humanity is spending more and more time indoors, both at work and at home - with studies showing that we now spend 87% of our lives indoors. Residential environ ments both positively affect the mood and well-being of its occupants, just as places with poor and uncomfortable lighting and colors can make life miserable. This is why we are interested in this issue. The importance of knowing the issues of lighting and colors in order to obtain a well thought-out interior design. The interior designer has the ability to control in the quality of lighting of various types, artificial …

Green Facade Strategy To Mitigate Heat Islands, Arch. Aya Gamal Abdel Hamid Muhammad Prof. Mai Wahba Madkour... Dr. Rania Elghamry Ashmawy Tolba Elakab

Journal of Engineering Research

In the beginning of the twentieth century and the occurrence of the economic crisis that accompanied by a climate crisis, that one of its indicators the rise in temperatures and the formation of hot zones, especially in crowded cities, including Cairo in particular, as it is considered one of the crowded cities in the world, and this noticeable rise in temperatures in Some areas where hot zones form are called heat islands. This results because of the nature of the urban environment, which has a high building density, little natural landscape, and human and industrial activities that has a negative …

Light Structure Building Technology Towards Sustainable Environmental Design, Sally El-Sayed Prof. Dr. Mai Wahba Madkour2, Prof. Dr. Marwa Ahmed Kamer El-Dawla3

Journal of Engineering Research

The building and construction industry is one of the most important sectors globally , as it plays a vital role in providing housing and infrastructure that meets the needs of various communities , However , this industry is considered one of the largest contributors of negative environmental impacts in terms of consuming huge amounts of natural resources in an unsustainable manner and a subsequent increase in energy consumption .Therefore, it was necessary to find solutions and explore for new and sustainable construction methods to alleviate these problems .This research paper will focus on the use of light buildings and their …

Available Building Technology As A Tool For Developing Construction And Structure Systems., J. Q. . Nader Ibrahim Ismael

Journal of Engineering Research

The research aims to study the impact of available building technology in each era in the development of the constructional thought and implementation techniques used and its impact on the development of different types of buildings, through the emergence of different types of buildings and the development of buildings types in terms of shape and height, through the development of building materials used Whether construction materials or finishing materials, as well as used construction techniques and equipment, and the impact of all on the development of construction thought and construction systems through different eras . The research also represents an …

Increasing Occupancy Rates In Coastal Tourism Development At The Regional Level In Support Of A Sustainable Quality Of Life In Egypt, عبدالرحمن محمد عبدالقادر موسي

Journal of Engineering Research

إن استغلال الفراغات التي تمثل أكثر من 80% من مساحة المنتجعات السياحية الساحلية في الأنشطة الرياضية والترفيهية والثقافية والاجتماعية وتوفير الخدمات المختلفة عن طريق دعم الخدمات الإلكترونية التي تساعد الزائرين في قضاء وقت أكبر بتلك القري السياحية، مع تعلم السباحة وركوب الدرجات والتجديف والتسلق وركوب الخيل دعما لجودة الحياة ، حيث التمتع بالهواء المتجدد القادم من البحر بعيدا عن التلوث والضوضاء، ولزيادة الاستفادة والدعم يتم توفير وحدات فندقة لغير الملاك لزيادة الزوار والاتفاق مع المدارس والجامعات لتنشيط تلك الرحلات للشواطئ وممارسة الأنشطة المميزة لهؤلاء الشباب والاستفادة من الخدمات الجيدة والفراغات الصحية والهواء المتجدد وتعلم الرياضات الشاطئية المفيدة وذلك الاتجاه من …

Green Architecture Strategies To Achieve Sustainability In Buildings, Azza Sobhi Ragab Elsakka J. Q. Assos., Menna Ashraf Saeid Ali

Journal of Engineering Research

في الوقت الحالي توجد حاجة مُلحة لتطبيق معايير الاستدامة التي تعني المحافظة على الموارد الحالية و استخدامها بحيث لا تقل استفادة الأجيال القادمة من تلك الموارد ، و للاستدامة عدة جوانب لتطبيقها أحد تلك التطبيقات هي العمارة الخضراء ، العمارة الخضراء مرت بعدة مراحل بدءاً من القرن السابع عشر ( منذ العصر العثماني الاسلامي ) من خلال وجود بعض الأساليب الغير مباشرة في التصميم التي توفر التهوية و الإضاءة الطبيعية و حتى عصرنا هذا، حيث وُجد تقييم لأداء المبنى الأخضر من حيث أسلوب التصميم و الإنشاء بحيث لا يؤثر على البيئة تأثير سلبي و ما زال التطوير مستمر في إنشاء …

Enhancing Daylight Using Sustainable Natural Lighting Techniques In Modern Architecture, سارة حسني شعلان أ.م.د/ لبني عبد الفتاح أغا

Journal of Engineering Research

Natural lighting is one of the basic criteria for the architectural design process. It is one of the most important data that contributes to the design of architectural spaces and the manifestation of aesthetic values. In light of the global technological development and the scientific and information revolution, the role of the architect comes in highlighting the importance of natural lighting and its positive role in human biology, and reducing effort and psychological pressure in the event of Its use is an alternative to artificial lighting, as it increases human efficiency and achievement at work, in addition to giving a …

The Impact Of Green Infrastructure On Urban Heat Island Phenomenon In Existing Cities, Neveen Youssef Azmy Basant Elsayed Abu-Farrag, Walaa Abou El-Haggag Mehanna

Journal of Engineering Research

Rapid urbanization and overpopulation, along with a lack of green space, led to an increase in air temperature, lowering the rate of thermal comfort in dense urban areas, decreasing air quality, and increasing the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, particularly in existing cities. As a result, the research aims to reduce the UHI effect and improve the thermal performance of existing Egyptian cities by adopting green infrastructure (GI) principles and demonstrating their effectiveness on the UHI phenomenon. This research concentrates on the UHI phenomenon as one of the environmental issues facing urbanization and includes a review of green infrastructure (GI) …

Optimizing Fenestration Systems In Residential Buildings: A Parametric Analysis Of Egyptian Energy Codes' Impact On Thermal Comfort, Wafik El-Menshawi Ali F. Bakr , Amira A.Fathi

Journal of Engineering Research

- Fenestration systems, such as windows, doors, and skylights, play a crucial role in improving thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption in buildings. In Egypt, the energy code establishes standards for fenestration systems to promote energy efficiency and carbon emission reduction. Residential buildings account for a significant portion of total energy consumption, making the optimization of fenestration systems essential. This research focuses on studying the optimization of fenestration systems in Egyptian residential buildings through parametric analysis, considering energy standards and their impact on total energy gain and thermal comfort. The paper examines existing energy codes for fenestration systems and explores …

Towards Green Cities As An Approach To Achieve Climate Change Adaptation, Noha H. Hefnawy Nouran M. Ibrahim

Journal of Engineering Research

Climate change is a complicated problem and there is an urgent need for climate change adaptation. Cities are the primary drivers of social, economic, and technical progress. Green Cities are cities that show high environmental performance relative to adapting risks derived from climate change while maximizing the economic and social co-benefits. The Authors adopted a data collection strategy to review the issues, and difficulties caused by climate change and how green cities could assist in addressing them, then adopted a case study analysis to analyze the strategies used by Sharm El Sheikh in the transition to green city. The study …

Using Recycled Materials Towards Sustainable, Eco-Friendly Building In Hot Regions – A Review, Mai W. Madkour Hosny A. Dewer, And Shaimaa M. Refaat

Journal of Engineering Research

Due to population growth and increased urban activity, there is a rise in waste production, which poses health and environmental risks. Additionally, the extraction and transportation of natural resources to places of employment require significant energy consumption, and the world has therefore moved to seek new alternatives away from traditional construction methods by recycling building materials such as concrete, brick, glass, wood, etc., or using new building materials such as rice straw, plastics, corks, etc., taking into account architectural design. The research is aimed at demonstrating that recycled materials have the potential to perform a better environmental performance by preserving …

Sustainable Design In Open Service Campus Areas (The American University In Cairo As A Model), مصطفى منصور عبد المجي أ.م.د. زينب لطفى عبدالحكيم خليفة

Journal of Engineering Research

إن الجامعات المستدامة تعد اتجاهاً مستقبلياً معاصراً لابد أن تحرص مؤسسات التعليم العالي على تبني مبادئه، ووضع خارطة طريق مستقبلية، وتتطلب استدامة الجامعات مواجهة الكثير من التحديات الجغرافية لضمان توفير بيئة آمنه ومريحة مع الحد الأدنى من الهدر، وإيلاء اهتمام خاص لاحتياجات الطلاب وجميع العاملين بالجامعة، والقدرة على تخطيط وإدارة الحيزات الخدمية المفتوحة بها وإقامة المنشآت المستدامة.

Agile Vs Waterfall As An Approach For Effective Management Practices In Fit Out Projects (Preferences Of Project Managers), Moutaz M. El Baz 1

Journal of Engineering Research

Optimum time, cost & quality are the key objectives in managing fit-out projects. Waterfall and Agile are the most common approaches for achieving the project objectives. To determine the optimal managerial approach for fit-out projects, it was essential to study the project life cycle & phases, waterfall & agile methodologies & phases and the project management performance indicators. To achieve the research goals, a data gathering/analysis performed among three steps. Firstly, by performing qualitative research through semi-structured interviews with project management experts to verify the research hypothesis. Secondly, through studying the project & project management life cycle, phases and characteristics …

Improving Home Designs For Disease Prevention In Gated Communities And Satisfying Living Space Needs In Egypt: A Post-Pandemic Living Assessment, A. Moustafa Kamel Neveen Youssef Azmy, Shahira Sharaf Eldin

Journal of Engineering Research

Abstract Pandemics such as SARS and COVID-19 have highlighted the importance of preventing and controlling diseases. Virus transmission in residential buildings, especially multi-unit apartment complexes, has prompted calls for innovative housing designs. While Western countries prioritize physical and mental health in residential building design, China focuses on comfort, aesthetics, appearance, and lifestyle.