Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Quality And Nutritive Value Of Mott Dwarf Elephantgrass Silage With Biological Additives, T. Clavero

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of cellulase enzymes and lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation characteristics, chemical composition and nutritive value of Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott silage. Five kinds of preparation were tested: sugar molasses (control); sugar molasses and cellulase enzymes; cellulase enzymes; concentrate of lactic acid bacteria and sugar molasses and concentrate of lactic acid bacteria. Significant differences (P< 0.05) were found in fermentation quality and chemical composition of control silage as compared to the biological additives treated silage. Addition of cellulase enzymes and lactic acid bacteria resulted in decrease of pH value, cell wall content and increased lactic acid concentration. The biological additives increased silage intake and daily live weight by growing steers.

Effects Of Different Additives On Silage Quality Of Napiergrass, Y. K. Cheng, C. S. Chen, P. W. Peng

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of different additives on silage quality of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum). The cultivar of TLG2 with high water soluble carbohydrates was used to making silages added with or without 5 and 10% corn meal or wheat bran, and then treated with or without enzyme. Crude protein, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, water soluble carbohydrates and volatile fatty acid contents of silage were determined to evaluate silage quality. From the results, it showed that var.TLG2 could be making good silages without any additives but the dry matter was low. Adding …

Constraints To Waterfowl Hunting By Hunters And Anglers In The Central United States, Matthew P. Hinrichs, Matthew P. Gruntorad, Julia A. Nawrocki, Mark P. Vrtiska, Mark A. Pegg, Christopher J. Chizinski

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Waterfowl hunting participation has been on the decline since the mid‐1980s. We used a web‐based survey to better understand waterfowl hunting constraints (i.e., factors that limit or prohibit participation and enjoyment in leisure activities) among hunters and anglers that hunted or did not hunt waterfowl in the central United States. Forty‐eight constraint items were condensed into 10 constraint factors: Rules and Regulations, Waterfowl Identification, Cost, Waterfowl Hunting Skills, Land Access and Permissions, Interference by Other Hunters, Travel, Social, Waterfowl Populations, and Views of Others. We observed significant effects of both state of residence and activity type (i.e., frequent waterfowl hunters, …

A Physiological Signal Derived From Sun-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Quantifies Crop Physiological Response To Environmental Stresses In The U.S. Corn Belt, Hyungsuk Kimm, Kaiyu Guan, Chongya Jiang, Guofang Miao, Genghong Wu, Andrew Suyker, Elizabeth A. Ainsworth, Carl J. Bernacchi, Christopher M. Montes, Joseph A. Berry, Xi Yang, Christian Frankenberg, Min Chen, Philipp Köhler

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) measurements have shown unique potential for quantifying plant physiological stress. However, recent investigations found canopy structure and radiation largely control SIF, and physiological relevance of SIF remains yet to be fully understood. This study aims to evaluate whether the SIF-derived physiological signal improves quantification of crop responses to environmental stresses, by analyzing data at three different spatial scales within the U.S. Corn Belt, i.e. experiment plot, field, and regional scales, where ground-based portable, stationary and space-borne hyperspectral sensing systems are used, respectively. We found that, when controlling for variations in incoming radiation and canopy structure, crop …

(R1491) Numerical Solution Of The Time-Space Fractional Diffusion Equation With Caputo Derivative In Time By A-Polynomial Method, Saeid Abbasbandy, Jalal Hajishafieiha

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, a novel type of polynomial is defined which is equipped with an auxiliary parameter a. These polynomials are a combination of the Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind. The approximate solution of each equation is assumed as the sum of these polynomials and then, with the help of the collocation points, the unknown coefficients of each polynomial, as well as auxiliary parameter, is obtained optimally. Now, by placing the optimal value of a in polynomials, the polynomials are obtained without auxiliary parameter, which is the restarted step of the present method. The time discretization is performed …

Oscillation Of Nonlinear Third-Order Difference Equations With Mixed Neutral Terms, Jehad Alzabut, Martin Bohner, Said R. Grace

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, new oscillation results for nonlinear third-order difference equations with mixed neutral terms are established. Unlike previously used techniques, which often were based on Riccati transformation and involve limsup or liminf conditions for the oscillation, the main results are obtained by means of a new approach, which is based on a comparison technique. Our new results extend, simplify, and improve existing results in the literature. Two examples with specific values of parameters are offered.

Fourth Derivative Singularly P-Stable Method For The Numerical Solution Of The Schrödinger Equation, Ali Shokri, Higinio Ramos, Mohammad Mehdizadeh Khalsaraei, Fikret A. Aliev, Martin Bohner

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we construct a method with eight steps that belongs to the family of Obrechkoff methods. Due to the explicit nature of the new method, not only does it not require another method as predictor, but it can also be considered as a suitable predictive technique to be used with implicit methods. Periodicity and error terms are studied when applied to solve the radial Schrödinger equation, considering different energy levels. We show its advantages in terms of accuracy, consistency, and convergence in comparison with other methods of the same order appearing in the literature.

Activation Of Prp28 Atpase By Phosphorylated Npl3 At A Critical Step Of Spliceosome Remodeling, F.-L. Yeh, S.-L. Chang, G. R. Ahmed, H.-I. Liu, L. Tung, C.-S. Yeh, L. S. Lanier, Corina Maeder, C.-M. Lin, S.-C. Tsai, W.-Y. Hsiao, W.-H. Chang, T.-H. Chang

Chemistry Faculty Research

Splicing, a key step in the eukaryotic gene-expression pathway, converts precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) into mRNA by excising introns and ligating exons. This task is accomplished by the spliceosome, a macromolecular machine that must undergo sequential conformational changes to establish its active site. Each of these major changes requires a dedicated DExD/H-box ATPase, but how these enzymes are activated remain obscure. Here we show that Prp28, a yeast DEAD-box ATPase, transiently interacts with the conserved 5' splice-site (5'SS) GU dinucleotide and makes splicing-dependent contacts with the U1 snRNP protein U1C, and U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP proteins, Prp8, Brr2, and Snu114. We further …

(R1480) Heat Transfer In Peristaltic Motion Of Rabinowitsch Fluid In A Channel With Permeable Wall, Mahadev M. Channakote, Dilipkumar V. Kalse

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper is intended to investigate the effect of heat transfer on the peristaltic flow of Rabinowitsch fluid in a channel lined with a porous material. The Navier -Stokes equation governs the channel's flow, and Darcy's law describes the permeable boundary. The Rabinowitsch fluid model's governing equations are solved by utilizing approximations of the long-wavelength and small number of Reynolds. The expressions for axial velocity, temperature distribution, pressure gradient, friction force, stream function are obtained. The influence on velocity, pressure gradient, friction force, and temperature on pumping action of different physical parameters is explored via graphs.

(R1519) On Some Geometric Properties Of Non-Null Curves Via Its Position Vectors In \Mathbb{R}_1^3, Emad Solouma, Ibrahim Al-Dayel

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this work, the geometric properties of non-null curves lying completely on spacelike surface via its position vectors in the dimensional Minkowski 3-space \mathbb{R}_1^3 are studied. Also, we give a few portrayals for the spacelike curves which lie on certain subspaces of \mathbb{R}_1^3. Finally, we present an application to demonstrate our insights.

(R1497) On The Invariant Subspaces Of The Fractional Integral Operator, Mehmet Gürdal, Anar Adiloglu Nabiev, Meral Ayyıldız

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In operator theory, there is an important problem called the invariant subspace problem. This important problem of mathematics has been clear for more than half a century. However the solution seems to be nowhere in sight. With this motivation, we investigate the invariant subspaces of the fractional integral operator in the Banach space with certain conditions in this paper. Also by using the Duhamel product method, unicellularity of the fractional integral operator on some space is obtained and the description of the invariant subspaces is given.

(R1468) Global Analysis Of An Seirs Model For Covid-19 Capturing Saturated Incidence With Treatment Response, David A. Oluyori, Helen O. Adebayo, Ángel G.C. Pérez

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this work, a new SEIRS model with saturated incidence rate and piecewise linear treatment response is proposed to describe the dynamics of COVID-19. It is assumed that the treatment response is proportional to the number of infected people as long as the incidence cases are within the capacity of the healthcare system, after which the value becomes constant, when the number of confirmed cases exceeds the carrying capacity of the available medical facilities. Thus, the basic reproduction number of the model is obtained. It is proved that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number …

(R1056) Effect Of Rotation On Plane Waves Of Generalized Magneto-Thermoelastic Medium With Voids Under Thermal Loading Due To Laser Pulse, Mohamed I.A. Othman, Ezaira R.M. Edeeb

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The investigation in this paper deals with the rotation of the magneto-thermoelastic solid and with voids subjected to thermal loading due to laser pulse. The problem is studied in the context of three theories of generalized magneto thermoelasticity: Lord-Schulman (L-S), Green-Lindsay (G-L) and the coupled theory (CD) with the effect of rotation, magnetic field, thermal loading and voids. The methodology applied here is using the normal mode analysis to solve the physical problem to obtain the exact expressions for the displacement components, the stresses, the temperature, and the change in the volume fraction field have been shown graphically by comparison …

(R1466) Ideals And Filters On A Lattice In Neutrosophic Setting, Lemnaouar Zedam, Soheyb Milles, Abdelhamid Bennoui

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The notions of ideals and filters have studied in many algebraic (crisp) fuzzy structures and used to study their various properties, representations and characterizations. In addition to their theoretical roles, they have used in some areas of applied mathematics. In a recent paper, Arockiarani and Antony Crispin Sweety have generalized and studied these notions with respect to the concept of neutrosophic sets introduced by Smarandache to represent imprecise, incomplete and inconsistent information. In this article, we aim to deepen the study of these important notions on a given lattice in the neutrosophic setting. We show their various properties and characterizations, …

(R1513) The Dynamical Study Of Variable Mass Test Particle In Nonlinear Sense Of Restricted 3-Body Problem With Heterogeneous Primaries, Sada Nand Prasad, Kumari Shalini, Abdullah A. Ansari

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The main idea of this paper is to study the non-linear stability property of the motion of the test particle which is moving under the influence of heterogeneous primaries having N-layers with different densities as well as varying its mass according to Jeans law. The system is also perturbed by the small perturbations in Coriolis as well as centrifugal forces. We evaluate the equations of motion of the test particle under the influence of the above said perturbations. From this system of equations of motion, we reveal analytically the locations of stationary points as well as the non-linear stability.

Chapter 3.1: Visualization Of The Nernst Equation Via 3-D Topo Surfaces: E⁰ Plateaus, Left-Hand Bluffs, Front Cliffs And Reaction Paths, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

A new 3-D graphical representation of oxidation–reduction (redox) processes in aqueous solutions has been developed utilizing a composition grid for which the x-axis carries the activity of the reduced form of the redox couple and the y-axis carries the activity of the oxidized form. The Nernst equation potential corresponding to the redox couple’s activities at each grid point is plotted above it as a z-coordinate. This creates a 3-D trend surface (a topo) over the grid. The topos typically have a steep left-hand bluff and a precipitous front cliff that are encountered when one or the other …

(R1488) Transformation Of Glucokinase Under Variable Rate Constants And Thermal Conditions: A Mathematical Model, Mukhtar Ahmad Khanday, Roohi Bhat

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The glucokinase (GK) in cells plays a pivotal role in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and acts as a sensor of glucose. It helps us to control glucose levels during fast and food intake conditions through triggering shifts in metabolism or cell functions. Various forms of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia occur due to the transformations of the gene of the Glucokinase. The mathematical modelling of enzyme dynamics is an emerging research area to serve its role in biological investigations. Thus, it is imperative to establish a mathematical model to understand the kinetics of native and denatured forms of enzyme-GK under thermal …

Quantum State Estimation And Tracking For Superconducting Processors Using Machine Learning, Shiva Lotfallahzadeh Barzili

Computational and Data Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Quantum technology has been rapidly growing; in particular, the experiments that have been performed with superconducting qubits and circuit QED have allowed us to explore the light-matter interaction at its most fundamental level. The study of coherent dynamics between two-level systems and resonator modes can provide insight into fundamental aspects of quantum physics, such as how the state of a system evolves while being continuously observed. To study such an evolving quantum system, experimenters need to verify the accuracy of state preparation and control since quantum systems are very fragile and sensitive to environmental disturbance. In this thesis, I look …

(R1505) A Note On Large Deviations In Insurance Risk, Stefan Gerhold

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

We study large and moderate deviations for an insurance portfolio, with the number of claims tending to infinity, without assuming identically distributed claims. The crucial assumption is that the centered claims are bounded, and that variances are bounded below. From a general large deviations upper bound, we obtain an exponential bound for the probability of the average loss exceeding a threshold. A counterexample shows that a full large deviation principle, including also a lower bound, does not follow from our assumptions. We argue that our assumptions make sense, in particular, for life insurance portfolios and discuss how to apply our …

Learning Orbital Dynamics Of Binary Black Hole Systems From Gravitational Wave Measurements, Brendan Keith, Akshay Khadse, Scott E. Field

Faculty and Student Publications

We introduce a gravitational waveform inversion strategy that discovers mechanical models of binary black hole (BBH) systems. We show that only a single time series of (possibly noisy) waveform data is necessary to construct the equations of motion for a BBH system. Starting with a class of universal differential equations parameterized by feed-forward neural networks, our strategy involves the construction of a space of plausible mechanical models and a physics-informed constrained optimization within that space to minimize the waveform error. We apply our method to various BBH systems including extreme and comparable mass ratio systems in eccentric and noneccentric orbits. …

Monarch Science Observer, Volume 12, College Of Sciences, Old Dominion University

College of Sciences Newsletter

Winter 2021 issue of Monarch Science Observer, ODU College of Sciences Newsletter.

Hsva: Hierarchical Semantic-Visual Adaptation For Zero-Shot Learning, Shiming Chen, Guo Sen Xie, Yang Liu, Qinmu Peng, Baigui Sun, Hao Li, Xinge You, Ling Shao

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) tackles the unseen class recognition problem, transferring semantic knowledge from seen classes to unseen ones. Typically, to guarantee desirable knowledge transfer, a common (latent) space is adopted for associating the visual and semantic domains in ZSL. However, existing common space learning methods align the semantic and visual domains by merely mitigating distribution disagreement through one-step adaptation. This strategy is usually ineffective due to the heterogeneous nature of the feature representations in the two domains, which intrinsically contain both distribution and structure variations. To address this and advance ZSL, we propose a novel hierarchical semantic-visual adaptation (HSVA) framework. …

Automated Discovery And Interpretation Of Ada-Compliant Door Placards, John J. Feilmeier

Computer Science and Information Technology Faculty

A familiar difficulty to any new student on campus is making one’s way from classroom A to classroom B. Facilities with different wings, multiple floors, and irregular floorplans can magnify this challenge, while students with vision impairments are impacted even more by the challenge of identifying the destination. This thesis explored different methods of discovering Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)- compliant room identifying placards (“plaques”) and identifying the text on the sign. The plaque detection was accomplished with both standard image manipulation techniques and a Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) (Dalal & Triggs, 2005) object detector. The text reading utilized …

Quantum State Tomography Of Molecules By Ultrafast Diffraction, Ming Zhang, Shuqiao Zhang, Yanwei Xiong, Hankai Zhang, Anatoly A. Ischenko, Oriol Vendrell, Xiaolong Dong, Xiangxu Mu, Martin Centurion, Haitan Xu, R. J.Dwayne Miller, Zheng Li

Martin Centurion Publications

Ultrafast electron diffraction and time-resolved serial crystallography are the basis of the ongoing revolution in capturing at the atomic level of detail the structural dynamics of molecules. However, most experiments capture only the probability density of the nuclear wavepackets to determine the time-dependent molecular structures, while the full quantum state has not been accessed. Here, we introduce a framework for the preparation and ultrafast coherent diffraction from rotational wave packets of molecules, and we establish a new variant of quantum state tomography for ultrafast electron diffraction to characterize the molecular quantum states. The ability to reconstruct the density matrix, which …

Synthesis Of Molecular Probes For The Detection Of Toxic Analytes, Rashid Mia

Dissertations

Two different types of molecular probes have been synthesized. The first family of probes is the coumarin class of compounds. These chemodosimters are referred to as Low Molecular Weight Fluorescent probes (LMFP). The other type of molecular probe is a macrocycle known as a pillar[5]arene receptor.

The chemodosimters (2.12a-c and 3.12a) were synthesized in four to five steps. The photophysical properties were extensively studied in various solvent systems (DMSO, CH₃CN, DMF, MeOH, EtOH, Me₂CO, MeCO₂Et, CHCl₃, C₆H₅Me, and C₆H₆). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) …

(R1463) On The Central Limit Theorem For Conditional Density Estimator In The Single Functional Index Model, Abbes Rabhi, Nadia Kadiri, Fatima Akkal

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The main objective of this paper is to investigate the nonparametric estimation of the conditional density of a scalar response variable Y, given the explanatory variable X taking value in a Hilbert space when the sample of observations is considered as an independent random variables with identical distribution (i.i.d.) and are linked with a single functional index structure. First of all, a kernel type estimator for the conditional density function (cond-df) is introduced. Afterwards, the asymptotic properties are stated for a conditional density estimator when the observations are linked with a single-index structure from which we derive an central …

(R1508) Stability And Zero Velocity Curves In The Perturbed Restricted Problem Of 2 + 2 Bodies, Rajiv Aggarwal, Dinesh Kumar, Bhavneet Kaur

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The present study investigates the existence and linear stability of the equilibrium points in the restricted problem of 2+2 bodies including the effect of small perturbations epsilon-1 and espilon-2 in the Coriolis and centrifugal forces respectively. The less massive primary is considered as a straight segment and the more massive primary a point mass. The equations of motion of the infinitesimal bodies are derived.We obtain fourteen equilibrium points of the model, out of which six are collinear and rest non-collinear with the centers of the primaries. The position of the equilibrium points are affected by the small perturbation in centrifugal …

Measuring Hydraulic Conductivity Using Flexible Walled Permeameter And Astm Method D5084, Bradon Povah

Master of Science in Environmental Sciences and Management Projects

This project is a guide that details the protocol synthesized from the ASTM D5084-16a method, the Humboldt control panel manual, and the time spent learning the intricacies of the Permeability Cell instrument.

Anharmonic Vibrational Frequencies Of Water Borane And Associated Molecules, Brent R. Westbrook, Ryan C. Fortenberry

Faculty and Student Publications

Water borane (BH3 OH2 ) and borinic acid (BH2 OH) have been proposed as intermediates along the pathway of hydrogen generation from simple reactants: water and borane. However, the vibrational spectra for neither water borane nor borinic acid has been investigaged experimen-tally due to the difficulty of isolating them in the gas phase, making accurate quantum chemical predictions for such properties the most viable means of their determination. This work presents theoretical predictions of the full rotational and fundamental vibrational spectra of these two poten-tially application-rich molecules using quartic force fields at the CCSD(T)-F12b/cc-pCVTZ-F12 level with additional corrections included for …

Study Of E+E- → D (1 S,2 S)Η And E+E- → D (1s)Η′ At S =10.866 Gev With The Belle Detector, E. Kovalenko, A. Garmash, P. Krokovny, I. Adachi, H. Aihara, D. M. Asner, V. Aulchenko, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, P. Behera, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, T. Bilka, J. Biswal, A. Bobrov, A. Bondar, G. Bonvicini

Faculty and Student Publications

We report the first observation of the processes e+e-→D(1S,2S)η at s=10.866 GeV, with significance exceeding 10σ for both processes. The measured Born cross sections are σ(e+e-→D(2S)η)=2.07±0.21±0.19 pb, and σ(e+e-→D(1S)η)=0.42±0.08±0.04 pb. We also set the upper limit on the cross section of the process e+e-→D(1S)η′ to be σ(e+e-→D(1S)η′)<0.037 pb at 90% C.L. The results are obtained with the data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider in the energy range from 10.63 to 11.02 GeV.