Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Zero-Shot Action Recognition With Knowledge Enhanced Generative Adversarial Networks, Kaiqiang Huang, Luis Miralles-Pechuán, Susan Mckeever

Conference papers

Zero-Shot Action Recognition (ZSAR) aims to recognise action classes in videos that have never been seen during model training. In some approaches, ZSAR has been achieved by generating visual features for unseen classes based on the semantic information of the unseen class labels using generative adversarial networks (GANs). Therefore, the problem is converted to standard supervised learning since the unseen visual features are accessible. This approach alleviates the lack of labelled samples of unseen classes. In addition, objects appearing in the action instances could be used to create enriched semantics of action classes and therefore, increase the accuracy of ZSAR. …

K-Nearest Neighbour Classifiers - A Tutorial, Padraig Cunningham, Sarah Jane Delany

Conference papers

Perhaps the most straightforward classifier in the arsenal or Machine Learning techniques is the Nearest Neighbour Classifier – classification is achieved by identifying the nearest neighbours to a query example and using those neighbours to determine the class of the query. This approach to classification is of particular importance because issues of poor run-time performance is not such a problem these days with the computational power that is available. This paper presents an overview of techniques for Nearest Neighbour classification focusing on; mechanisms for assessing similarity (distance), computational issues in identifying nearest neighbours and mechanisms for reducing the dimension of …

Laser-Induced Electron Diffraction Of The Ultrafast Umbrella Motion In Ammonia, B. Belsa, K. Amini, X. Liu, A. Sanchez, J. Steinmetzer, Anh-Thu Le, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Visualizing molecular transformations in real-time requires a structural retrieval method with Ångström spatial and femtosecond temporal atomic resolution. Imaging of hydrogen-containing molecules additionally requires an imaging method sensitive to the atomic positions of hydrogen nuclei, with most methods possessing relatively low sensitivity to hydrogen scattering. Laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED) is a table-top technique that can image ultrafast structural changes of gas-phase polyatomic molecules with sub-Ångström and femtosecond spatiotemporal resolution together with relatively high sensitivity to hydrogen scattering. Here, we image the umbrella motion of an isolated ammonia molecule (NH3) following its strong-field ionization. Upon ionization of a neutral ammonia molecule, …

Highly Porous Ceramic And Metal Aerogels From Xerogel Powder Precursors, And Methods For Thier Production And Use, Nicholas Leventis, Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis, Malik Adnan Saeed, Parwani Rewatkar, Tahereh Taghvaee

Patents

The present invention discloses novel methods for producing highly porous ceramic and/or metal aerogel monolithic objects that are hard, sturdy, and resistant to high temperatures. These methods comprise preparing nanoparticulate oxides of metals and/or metalloids via a step of vigorous stirring to prevent gelation, preparing polymer-modified xerogel powder compositions by reacting said nanoparticulate oxides with one or more polyfunctional monomers, compressing said polymer-modified xerogel powder compositions into shaped compacts, and carbothermal conversion of the shaped xerogel compacts via pyrolysis to provide the highly porous ceramic and/or metal aerogel monolithic objects that have the same shapes as their corresponding xerogel compact …

Metal Foils With Ordered Crystal Structure And Method For Producing Metal Foils, Jay A. Switzer

Patents

A method for producing a metal foil comprising depositing metal onto an oxidizable substrate to form a metal film on the substrate; oxidizing the substrate at an interface between the metal film and the substrate; and removing the metal film from the substrate to yield a metal foil. A method for forming a thin metal film comprising pre-polarizing a single-crystal Si substrate by application of a potential which is negative of a potential at which Si oxidizes, which pre-polarization occurs in the presence of metal ions to form metal growth nucleation sites on the substrate, followed by application of a …

Unsteady-State Contact Angle Hysteresis During Droplet Oscillation In Capillary Pores: Theoretical Model And Vof Simulation -- Supporting Information, Chao Zeng, Wen Deng, Lichun Wang

Research Data

Contact angle hysteresis (CAH) is a critical phenomenon that could significantly affect the fate of immiscible bubbles/droplets in vadose zones, nonaqueous phase liquid contaminated aquifers, and saline aquifers for CO₂ sequestration in terms of infiltration patterns and residual trapping mechanisms. When external physical impacts such as oscillatory excitation or pulse forcing are applied, it could result in pinned oscillation of droplets due to this CAH. Conventional steady-state analysis of contact angle could underestimate CAH. As the first time to take unsteady-state effect into consideration, a hydrodynamic analysis is developed in this study to address the unsteady-state CAH theoretically, and …

Phase Diagram, Stability And Magnetic Properties Of Nonlinear Excitations In Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates, Garyfallia Katsimiga, Simeon I. Mistakidis, P. Schmelcher, P. G. Kevrekidis

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Present The Phase Diagram, The Underlying Stability And Magnetic Properties As Well As The Dynamics Of Nonlinear Solitary Wave Excitations Arising In The Distinct Phases Of A Harmonically Confined Spinor F = 1 Bose-Einstein Condensate. Particularly, It Is Found That Nonlinear Excitations In The Form Of Dark-Dark-Bright Solitons Exist In The Antiferromagnetic And In The Easy-Axis Phase Of A Spinor Gas, Being Generally Unstable In The Former While Possessing Stability Intervals In The Latter Phase. Dark-Bright-Bright Solitons Can Be Realized In The Polar And The Easy-Plane Phases As Unstable And Stable Configurations Respectively; The Latter Phase Can Also Feature …

3d Dental Biometrics: Automatic Pose-Invariant Dental Arch Extraction And Matching, Xin Zhong, Zhiyuan Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

A novel automatic pose-invariant dental arch extraction and matching framework is developed for 3D dental identification using laser-scanned dental plasters. In our previous attempt [1-5], 3D point-based algorithms have been developed and they have shown a few advantages over existing 2D dental identifications. This study is a continuous effort in developing arch-based algorithms to extract and match dental arch feature in an automatic and pose-invariant way. As best as we know, this is the first attempt at automatic dental arch extraction and matching for 3D dental identification. A Radial Ray Algorithm (RRA) is proposed by projecting dental arch shape from …

Therapeutic Potential Of Mitophagy-Inducing Microflora Metabolite, Urolithin A For Alzheimer’S Disease, Dona Pamoda W. Jayatunga, Eugene Hone, Harjot Khaira, Taciana Lunelli, Harjinder Singh, Gilles J. Guillemin, Binosha Fernando, Manohar L. Garg, Giuseppe Verdile, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Mitochondrial dysfunction including deficits of mitophagy is seen in aging and neuro-degenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Apart from traditionally targeting amyloid beta (Aβ), the main culprit in AD brains, other approaches include investigating impaired mitochondrial pathways for potential therapeutic benefits against AD. Thus, a future therapy for AD may focus on novel candidates that enhance optimal mitochondrial integrity and turnover. Bi-oactive food components, known as nutraceuticals, may serve as such agents to combat AD. Uro-lithin A is an intestinal microbe-derived metabolite of a class of polyphenols, ellagitannins (ETs). Urolithin A is known to exert many health benefits. Its antioxidant, …

Vehicular Crowdsourcing For Congestion Support In Smart Cities, Stephan Olariu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Under present-day practices, the vehicles on our roadways and city streets are mere spectators that witness traffic-related events without being able to participate in the mitigation of their effect. This paper lays the theoretical foundations of a framework for harnessing the on-board computational resources in vehicles stuck in urban congestion in order to assist transportation agencies with preventing or dissipating congestion through large-scale signal re-timing. Our framework is called VACCS: Vehicular Crowdsourcing for Congestion Support in Smart Cities. What makes this framework unique is that we suggest that in such situations the vehicles have the potential to cooperate with various …

Using Sentiment Analysis To Find The Public's Opinion On Iowa's Three State Schools, Alexa Ryan Bullock

Honors Program Theses

The purpose of this project was to create my own sentiment analysis that would allow me to analyze reviews of the three Iowa state schools: University of Iowa, Iowa State, and University of Northern Iowa, and organize them in a way that showed the strong and weak points of each university. I accomplished this by researching how sentiment analysis works, applying that to the construction of my own sentiment analysis, and then using it on reviews about these three schools. The goal of this project was to give my audience a greater understanding of how sentiment analysis works by creating …

Creating Synthetic Analogs Of Fluorescent Speleothems In Wind Cave As An Astrobiological Model Cave, Teresa Feldman

Honors Program Theses

The wind cave system represents a unique environment on Earth where the direct interplay of organic chemistry on the surface can possibly be traced to extremophiles living hundreds of meters below the surface. In many cases, minerals and organics from the surface become trapped in calcite formations creating fluorescent minerals. To understand the environment giving rise to the fluorescent minerals in Wind Cave, laboratory analogs of the calcite crystals found within the Wind Cave National Park cavern were synthesized and analyzed using SEM and fluorescence spectroscopy. This data was compared to the fluorescence and XRF data collected from speleothems in …

The Idolization Of Ada Lovelace And Its Necessity, Autumn Lauen

Honors Program Theses

Ada Lovelace is a recognizable name in the field of computer science, but few people know and truly understand why. It is common knowledge that Ada Lovelace is known as the world’s first computer programmer. A simple Google search would also show that her contributions occurred in the mid-1800s. This is where any logical person may become confused and rightfully inquire how a person in the Victorian era has become so closely associated with modern computer science. The answer to that question is exactly as complicated and disputed as expected.

Ada Lovelace’s fame stems from her work with Charles Babbage …

Griffiths-Like Phase In Manganese Intercalated Tantalum Disulfide And The 3-Dimensional Ising Model, Paul White

Honors Program Theses

Transition metal dichalcogenides have gained increasing interest due to properties that make them highly attractive for fundamental studies of novel physical phenomena and for applications ranging from nanoelectronics and nanophotonics to sensing and actuation at the nanoscale.^[1] The material described in this work is composed of layers of tantalum sulfide between which manganese was deposited. The number of manganese atoms per tantalum atom is called the concentration, x. In the research that was conducted for this thesis, the Griffiths Phase of crystalline bulk Mn_0.23TaS₂ and the 3-dimensional Ising model was investigated.

New Hampshire Continental Shelf Historical Geophysical Database: 1971 To 2015 - Sediment Data, Larry G. Ward, Rachel C. Morrison, Zachary S. Mcavoy, Maxlimer Coromoto Vallee-Anziani

Data Catalog

The UNH CCOM/JHC "New Hampshire Continental Shelf Historical Geophysical Database: 1971 to 2015 - Sediment Data" contains sediment grain size data and classifications from studies conducted between 1971 and 2015. In total, grain size data was available for 725 bottom sediment samples. Included are sample identification information, station and sample characteristics, sediment classifications, grain size statistics, and grain size distribution. Not all of these parameters were available for every study. Samples were analyzed with standard sieve and pipette analyses after Folk (1980). The sediment grain size classifications include: CMECS (Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard; FGDC, 2012); Gradistat (Blot and …

Cocoyam (Colocasia Esculenta) Provides An Effective Monoxenic Culture Media For Radopholus Similis, Celestine A. Oduori, Janet Atandi, James Kisaakye, Danny Coyne

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The burrowing nematode, Radopholus similis, is the most economically important nematode parasite of bananas, in addition to parasitising a range of other crops (Coyne & Kidane, 2018). Weakened, infected roots result in poor plant development and they are less able to provide anchorage to banana plants, which can lead to toppling of the entire plant. To enable research activities, such as resistance screening and efficacy studies, a readily available supply of inoculum is required for timely use in experiments. O’Bannon & Taylor (1968) developed the sterile carrot disc technique for the monoxenic culture of R. similis to support such routine …

Deep Unsupervised Anomaly Detection, Tangqing Li, Zheng Wang, Siying Liu, Wen-Yan Lin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper proposes a novel method to detect anomalies in large datasets under a fully unsupervised setting. The key idea behind our algorithm is to learn the representation underlying normal data. To this end, we leverage the latest clustering technique suitable for handling high dimensional data. This hypothesis provides a reliable starting point for normal data selection. We train an autoencoder from the normal data subset, and iterate between hypothesizing normal candidate subset based on clustering and representation learning. The reconstruction error from the learned autoencoder serves as a scoring function to assess the normality of the data. Experimental results …

Consultation Summary For Proposed Declared Pest Rates 2021/2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Biosecurity published reports

In accordance with the Biosecurity and Agriculture Management (Declared Pest Account) Regulations 2014, the Minister for Agriculture and Food carries out consultation on Declared Pest Rates, to be considered prior to the rates being determined and gazetted.

This document is the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development's response to the submissions received.

Bayesian-Derived Vancomycin Auc24h Threshold For Nephrotoxicity In Special Populations, Dan Ho

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

A Bayesian-derived 24-hour area under the concentration-time curve over minimum inhibitory concentration from broth microdilution (AUC24h/MICBMD) ratio of 400 to 600 is recommended as the new monitoring parameter for vancomycin to optimize efficacy and minimize nephrotoxicity. The AUC24h threshold of 600 mg*h/L for nephrotoxicity was extrapolated from studies that assessed the general population. It is unclear if this upper threshold is consistent or varies when used in special populations such as critically ill patients, obese patients, patients with preexisting renal disease, and patients on concomitant nephrotoxins.The purpose of this study is to investigate the generalizability of the proposed vancomycin AUC24h …

Founding Monsters Tales, Maggie Colangelo, Bernard Means

Founding Monsters

The creative team behind the Founding Monsters comic book—Maggie Colangelo and Dr. Bernard K. Means—bring you Founding Monsters Tales. Founding Monsters Tales features all-new art by Maggie and explores and expands on themes in Founding Monsters. Meet again Moses Williams, an enslaved servant of the Peale family who not only helped reconstruct the first mastodon skeleton, but was an unheralded artist in his own right. Find out whether mastodons were meat eaters, and how they differed from mammoths. Learn whether Thomas Jefferson was correct in his interpretation of what he called “the great claw.” Discover what Jefferson thought …

Founding Monsters, Maggie Colangelo, Bernard Means

Founding Monsters

The Founding Monsters comic book was created as a science-friendly graphical storytelling framework that tells the story of the Founding Fathers and their obsession with prehistoric megafauna, especially mastodons and giant ground sloths. Founding Monsters combines sequential art (e.g. comic book style) with historical and scientific data. The first mastodon (Mammut americanum) fossils were found in New York in the early 18th century. Later in the 18th century, Thomas Jefferson was sent fossils from what is now West Virginia for what were eventually identified as bones from a giant ground sloth (Megalonyx jeffersoni). The founding fathers, …

Merging Art And Science: Lessons Learned From An 'Otterly' Different Case Study, Jess Barger

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Environmental art projects use artistic interpretation to tell stories about the natural world, often with the hope that they will inspire awareness or behavioral change. In 2019, an art project to raise awareness about North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) was launched in Northern California, using over 100 river otter sculptures painted and decorated by local artists. Through a mixed-methods approach, I quantified the initial outcomes of the project, North Coast Otters, as well as the response to the project by the public on social media as a case study in environmental art and outreach. Participating artists’ interviews and …

Effects Of Large Wood Restoration On Coho Salmon In A Northern California Watershed: A Before-After-Control-Impact Experiment, Natalie B. Okun

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Substantial time, money, and effort are invested in river and stream restoration projects to aid in the recovery of imperiled salmonid populations, but there is little evidence that these efforts have had lasting positive impacts on juvenile fish growth and survival. To assess the effectiveness of large woody debris (LWD) restoration, which is one of the most common restoration practices, I evaluated the growth and survival response of endangered Central California Coast coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in a paired watershed before-after impact-control (BACI) study. To determine if LWD supplementation influenced coho salmon growth and survival, two neighboring, similar …

2022 Draft Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Interim Site-Wide Surface Water Monitoring Quality Assurance Project Plan, Nikia Greene, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Sustainability Strategies For Small Business Organizations, Tajudeen O. Olatunji

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are essential to every nation’s economic growth, including the United States, but more than 67% of SMEs fail within the first 10 years. When SMEs implement long term business sustainability strategies, they continue to generate business and remain profitable, enabling SMEs to remain viable and contribute to local community employment opportunities. Using entrepreneurship theory as the conceptual framework, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies used by 3 SME owners in the northeastern region of the United States to sustain their businesses beyond 10 years. Data were collected using semistructured interviews …

Successful Strategies For Adopting Open-Source Software, Balla Barro

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Middle-level information systems managers (ISMs) in small-scale organizations often have challenges in determining the most appropriate strategy for adopting open-source software (OSS) in their organizations. The ISMs need to determine the right strategy for adopting OSS to protect the organizations’ information technology infrastructure. Grounded in the diffusion of innovation theory, the objective of this multiple case study was to explore strategies middle-level ISMs used to adopt OSS in their small-scale organizations. Six middle-level ISMs from three small-scale organizations with experience of not less than six years in OSS adoption strategy in the city of Frederick, Maryland, shared their strategies during …

Cyberattacks Strategy For Nonprofit Organizations, Yawo Obimpe Kondo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Information system security managers (ISSM) in nonprofits face increased cyberattack cases because nonprofits often use basic technology to save on costs. Nonprofit owners and managers need solutions to secure their data from cyberattacks. Grounded in the general systems theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies ISSMs at nonprofit organizations employ to protect against cyberattacks. Participants included five IT managers and directors of information technology in charge of security management in nonprofit organizations in Maryland, the District of Columbia, and Virginia. Data was generated through interviews and reviews of archival documents. The data analysis technique …

Strategies To Sustain Small Construction Businesses Beyond The First 5 Years Of Operation, Catherine Nyasha Mukopfa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Small business owners employ over half the U.S. labor force, yet only 50% of small businesses survive beyond 5 years. When small business owners understand the factors that lead to their business failure, they can develop strategies to remain sustainable and profitable within the first 5 years, thus reducing the potential of business failure. Grounded in the resource-based theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies five small construction owners in central Georgia used to remain in business beyond 5 years. Data were collected from semi structured interviews, a review of organization income statements and …

Strategies Security Managers Used To Prevent Security Breaches In Scada Systems' Networks, Oladipo Ogunmesa

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems monitor and control physical processes in critical infrastructure. The impact of successful attacks on the SCADA systems includes the system's downtime and delay in production, which may have a debilitating effect on the national economy and create critical human safety hazards. Grounded in the general systems theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies SCADA security managers in the Southwest region of the United States use to secure SCADA systems' networks. The participants comprised six SCADA security managers from three oil and gas organizations in the midstream sector …

Security Awareness Strategies Used In The Prevention Of Cybercrimes By Cybercriminals, Pascal Pouani Tientcheu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cybercrime is a growing phenomenon that impacts many lives worldwide. Businesses, organizations, and governments continue to search for ways to protect their data and intellectual property from cybercrimes. Grounded in the routine activity theory, the purpose of this general qualitative study was to explore strategies information security officers used to prevent cybercrimes. The participants included seven information security officers listed on social media who manage information security within organizations located in the northeast geographic region of the United States. Data were collected using semistructured interviews, the National Institute of Standards and Technology documentations and analyzed using thematic analysis. Four key …