Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

More Attractive Than You Think: The Discovery Of Magnetic Fields Generated By Venus Fly Traps, Isabelle Small

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

The Case For Learning History In Science Class: How Historical Context Shapes Scientific Discovery, Mia Formato

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

How Much Dna Do Identical Twins Really Share? Effects On The Study Of Psychiatric Disorders, Sydney Rosensaft

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

The Power Of Perseverance: Mars’S Newest Resident Has Arrived, Megan Mclaughlin

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Where Is The Emerald Ash Borer Today? Exploring The Late Stages Of An Epidemic, Arin Pavlov

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

The Synapse 29

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

The Unexpected Benefits Of Hiking: Increase Blood's Efficiency While You Destress, Isabella Bacon

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

The “Mooove” From Beef To Beyond Meat: An Overview Of Meat Analogs And Their Environmental Impact, Sofia Herron Geller

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

So You're Getting Your Vaccine! Basic Statistics And Information About Your Options, Gavan Dagnese

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Predicting Material Properties: Applications Of Multi-Scale Multiphysics Numerical Modeling To Transport Problems In Biochemical Systems And Chemical Process Engineering, Tom Pace

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Material properties are used in a wide variety of theoretical models of material behavior. Descriptive properties quantify the nature, structure, or composition of the material. Behavioral properties quantify the response of the material to an imposed condition. The central question of this work concerns the prediction of behavioral properties from previously determined descriptive properties through hierarchical multi-scale, multiphysics models implemented as numerical simulations. Applications covered focus on mass transport models, including sequential enzyme-catalyzed reactions in systems biology, and an industrial chemical process in a common reaction medium.

A Multi-Wavelength Study Of The Disk Winds And Their Role In The Agn Studies, Maryam Dehghanian

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are located at the centers of massive galaxies and are the most luminous objects in the universe. Each AGN embeds a super-massive black hole which produces outflows of gas, or winds. These winds are important because they provide a reasonable physical basis for the connections between the black hole and the properties of their host galaxy. While AGNs have been extensively studied, several fundamental questions about them are yet to be answered. These include the structure and dynamics of the central source and their winds, and questions regarding the evolution of these galaxies.

NGC 5548 is …

การปรับปรุงสมรรถนะของแบตเตอรี่สังกะสี-ไอออนแบบประจุกลับได้โดยเคลือบแคลเซียมคาร์บอเนตและอะเซทิลีนแบล็คบนขั้วสังกะสีแอโนด, สุณิศชา ทองกล่ำ

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ปัจจุบันเกิดวิกฤตด้านพลังงานจากเชื้อเพลิงฟอสซิลที่ลดลงและปัญหามลภาวะต่อสิ่งแวดล้อม ทำให้การแหล่งพลังงานที่สะอาดและมีประสิทธิภาพในการกักเก็บพลังงานพลังงานเป็นสิ่งที่จำเป็นอย่าง โดยแบตเตอรี่สังกะสี-ไอออนแบบประจุกลับได้ (aqueous rechargeable zinc ion battery, ARZIB) เป็นเทคโนโลยีที่น่าสนใจ เนื่องจากมีต้นทุนต่ำ มีความปลอดภัยสูง เป็นมิตรกับสิ่งแวดล้อมและมีปริมาณสำรองจำนวนมากในประเทศไทย อย่างไรก็ตาม ขั้วแอโนดสังกะสีมีผลวัตระหว่างการประจุและคายประจุที่สูง ทำให้แบตเตอรี่ไม่เสถียรระหว่างการใช้งาน ซึ่งสาเหตุหลักน่าจะมาจากการเกิดการพอกพูนสังกะสีแบบแบบกิ่งก้าน (dendrite) หรือส่วนที่ยื่นออกมา (protrusion) บนขั้วสังกะสี ในงานวิจัยนี้มุ่งพัฒนาขั้วแอโนดโดยเคลือบอะเซทิลีนแบล็ค (AB) และแคลเซียมคาร์บอเนต (CaCO3) เพื่อลดการเกิดการพอกพูนของสังกะสีแบบกิ่งก้าน จากผลการวิจัยพบว่า การเคลือบสังกะสีด้วยสารผสม 70% AB และ 20% CaCO3 มีค่าความจุในการคายประจุสูง (380 mAh g-1) ) ประสิทธิภาพคูลอมบิกสูง (95.2% ที่ 0.1 A g-1) และมีอัตราการอัดประจุย้อนกลับ 85.6% เนื่องจาก AB สามารถสร้างโครงข่ายนำไฟฟ้าและมีพื้นที่ผิวนำไฟฟ้า จึงสามารถยับยั้งการเจริญเติบโตแบบกิ่งก้านของสังกะสีได้ ส่วนหมู่คาร์บอเนตใน CaCO3 เกิดแรงไฟฟ้าสถิตกับไอออนสังกะสี (Zn2+) ส่งผลให้ชั้นเคลือบผสมบนขั้วสังกะสีสามารถช่วยให้เกิดการพอกพูนที่สม่ำเสมอบนขั้วสังกะสี และยังยั้งการเกิดการพอกพูนแบบกิ่งก้าน ลดการเกิดปฏิกิริยาข้างเคียงที่ไม่สามารถผันกลับได้ และลดการกัดกร่อนของขั้ว ส่งผลให้แบตเตอรี่มีประสิทธิภาพดีขึ้น

Analyzing The Effect Of Second-Class Currents On Neutron Beta Decay Observables And The Effect Of Thomas Rotation On The Relativistic Transformations Of Electromagnetic Fields, Lakshya Malhotra

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

The next generation of neutron beta decay measurements will attempt to analyze various beta decay observables of up to O(10^-4) precision. At this level of experimental precision, the effects of second-class currents will contribute theoretical uncertainties to the interpretation of these measurements. Therefore, it is important to investigate the effects of these second-class currents on decay parameters, such as the Fierz interference term b which is linear in beyond standard model couplings. A maximum likelihood statistical framework and Rfit techniques are employed to study these second-class currents effects. Inputs to the Rfit technique are obtained through …

Strongly Correlated Phases In Quantum Hall Systems, Amartya Saha

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Quantum Hall systems have a one-body energy spectrum consisting of dispersion-less Landau levels. Electron-electron interactions thus dominate in partially filled Landau levels, which exhibit a myriad of strongly correlated phases such as quantum hall ferromagnets and fractional quantum Hall phases. We study two examples of these phenomena.

In the first project, we explore the ground state of a system with an interface between two semi-infinite regions with fillings ν= 4 and ν= 3 respectively. The width of the interface can be controlled by varying the background potential, which provides an additional tuning parameter. For a certain range of …

Effective Field Theory Applications: From Dark Matter To Neutrino Nucleon Scattering, Qing Chen

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Weakly-interacting-massive-particles (WIMPs) are a large class of viable dark matter candidates. We compute cross sections for electroweak-doublet WIMPs scattering on atomic nuclei, at leading and subleading order using heavy WIMP effective field theory. Neutrino-nucleon charged current elastic scattering is an important process in the detectors of long baseline accelerator neutrino oscillation experiments. We compute QED radiative corrections to this process employing soft-collinear effective field theory.

Magnetization Dynamics In Kagome Artificial Spin Ice Considering The Effect Of Vertex And Geometrical Lattice Distortion, Ali Frotanpour

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Artificial spin ices (ASI) have been shown to exhibit dynamic magnetic responses that are dramatically different from plane magnetic thin films. A number of magnetic ASI have been fabricated and measured in recent years. However, some important effects including influence of vertex and geometrical distortion on their dynamic response have not been addressed. This dissertation adopts Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) spectroscopy to study magnetization dynamics in fabricated artificial spin ices with a contentiously distorted Honeycomb geometry with the specific goal of exploring how the vertex and lattice distortion affect the dynamic magnetic response. Samples were patterned using electron beam lithography techniques. …

Topics In Quantum Quench And Entanglement, Sinong Liu

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

The dissertation includes two parts.

In Part I, we study non-equilibrium phenomena in various models associated with global quantum quench. It is known that local quantities, when subjected to global quantum quench across or approaching critical points, exhibit a variety of universal scaling behaviors at various quench rates. To investigate if similar scaling holds for non-local quantities, we consider the scaling behavior of circuit complexity under quantum quench across the critical massless point in Majorana fermion field theory of the one-dimensional integrable transverse field Ising model and find it obeys such scaling. To investigate if similar scaling holds for non-relativistic …

Optical Metasurfaces, Fatih Balli

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Traditional optical elements, such as refractive lenses, mirrors, phase plates and polarizers have been used for various purposes such as imaging systems, lithographic printing, astronomical observations and display technology. Despite their long-term achievements, they can be bulky and not suitable for miniaturization. On the other hand, recent nanotechnology advances allowed us to manufacture micro and nanoscale devices with ultra-compact sizes. Metasurfaces, 2D engineered artificial interfaces, have emerged as candidates to replace traditional refractive lenses with ultra-thin miniaturized optical elements. They possess sub-wavelength unit cell structures with a specific geometry and material selection. Each unit cell can uniquely tailor the phase, …

Exploring The X-Ray Universe In The Microcalorimeter Era, Priyanka Chakraborty

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

Next-generation microcalorimeter missions like XRISM and Athena will revolutionize X-ray spectroscopy by offering a plethora of high-resolution X-ray spectra. Interpreting these observations requires a complete understanding of how matter interacts with light through such microphysical processes as absorption and excitation. I developed a framework describing the atomic processes for both collisionally-ionized and photoionized plasmas over a wide range of column densities. Through various line-intensity and line-ratio spectral diagnostics, I established four asymptotic limits; Cases A, B, C, and D. These apply to the formation of lines in H- and He-like systems. This is the first work describing these limits in …

Axial Symmetry Tests Of Milky Way Disk Stars Probe The Galaxy's Matter Distribution, Austin Hinkel

Theses and Dissertations--Physics and Astronomy

In Galactic dynamics, various assumptions have been employed for mathematical ease. These assumptions are approximately valid, but departures reveal perturbations on our Galaxy. In this dissertation, we select a complete, Gaia DR2 data set, and using this data, we find evidence for axial symmetry breaking in the Galaxy, away from the spiral arms and the Galactic bar. This asymmetry is compatible with a prolate dark matter halo tilted with respect to the disk, with a long axis pointing in the direction of the Magellanic Clouds, and this matches an inventory of nearby torques. These asymmetries vary North and South of …

Bipartite, Size, And Online Ramsey Numbers Of Some Cycles And Paths, Eliyahu Schudrich

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

The basic premise of Ramsey Theory states that in a sufficiently large system, complete disorder is impossible. One instance from the world of graph theory says that given two fixed graphs F and H, there exists a finitely large graph G such that any red/blue edge coloring of the edges of G will produce a red copy of F or a blue copy of H. Much research has been conducted in recent decades on quantifying exactly how large G must be if we consider different classes of graphs for F and H. In this thesis, we explore several Ramsey- type …

Status Reports Of The Fisheries And Aquatic Resources Of Western Australia 2020/21, S.J. Newman, B.S. Wise, K.G. Santoro, D.J. Gaughan

Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources

The Status Reports of the Fisheries and Aquatic Resources of Western Australia (SRFAR) provide an annual update on the state of the fish stocks and other aquatic resources of Western Australia (WA). These reports outline the most recent assessments of the cumulative risk status for each of the aquatic resources (assets) within WA’s six Bioregions using an Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) approach. The Departments’ risk based EBFM framework is the State government’s basis for management of all Western Australia’s aquatic resources.

“Conservation Agriculture, " Possible Climate Change Adaptation Option In Taita Hills, Kenya, Lilian Motaroki, Gilbert Ouma, Dorcas Kalele

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The vicious cycle of food insecurity in Kenya and Africa at large is partly attributed to the high reliance on rainfed agriculture, which makes production systems vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change and variability. Conservation agriculture (CA) has been disseminated as a climate-smart practice that operates on three main principles to realize the multiple benefits of making crop production systems more resilient to climate change impacts, enhancing food security, and providing environmental services, such as carbon sequestration. As a major source of livelihood in the Taita Hills, agriculture is constrained by climate change owing to its rainfed nature. …

K-Nearest Neighbors Density-Based Clustering, Avory C. Bryant

Theses and Dissertations

Traditional density-based clustering approaches rely on a distance-based parameter to define data connectivity and density. However, an appropriate value of this parameter can be difficult to determine as it is highly dependent on the underlying distribution of the data. In particular, distribution parameters affect the scale of inter-group distances (e.g., variance); this dependence leads to a well-known inability to simultaneously detect clusters at varying levels of density. In this work, connectivity and density are defined according to the rank-order induced by the distance metric (i.e., invariant to the expected scale of the distances). Connectivity by k-nearest neighbors and density by …

Prognostic Modeling Of Recovery Following Stem Cell Transplantation, Brielle A. Forsthoffer

Theses and Dissertations

Predicting the trajectory of lymphoid recovery following myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) can help guide subsequent therapeutic decisions, since poor recovery has been associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), relapse and mortality. Previous attempts at classifying patients depended on absolute criteria being set prior to modeling absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) over time. Having an empirical clinical decision support tool for objectively determining the trajectory an individual might take during their recovery would be advantageous. We propose using growth-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) and growth mixture modeling (GMM), which utilize machine learning algorithms to empirically identify latent groupings of data. Due to …

Ligand Effects On Electronic, Magnetic, And Catalytic Properties Of Clusters And Cluster Assemblies, Dinesh Bista 9288522

Theses and Dissertations

Ligands commonly protect metallic clusters against reacting with outside reactants. However, ligands can also be used to control the redox properties enabling the formation of super donors/acceptors that can donate/accept multiple electrons. This thesis focuses on how the ligands can be used to control the electronic and magnetic features of clusters and ligand stabilized cluster-based assemblies, leading to nano pn junctions with directed transport, the possibility of light-harvesting, and catalysts for cross-coupling reactions. The thesis addresses three distinct classes of clusters and their applications. The first class of cluster “metal chalcogen clusters” is the central idea of the thesis focused …

A Deep Learning U-Net For Detecting And Segmenting Liver Tumors, Vidhya Cardozo

Theses and Dissertations

Visualization of liver tumors on simulation CT scans is challenging even with contrast-enhancement, due to the sensitivity of the contrast enhancement to the timing of the CT acquisition. Image registration to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be helpful for delineation, but differences in patient position, liver shape and volume, and the lack of anatomical landmarks between the two image sets makes the task difficult. This study develops a U-Net based neural network for automated liver and tumor segmentation for purposes of radiotherapy treatment planning. Non-contrast simulation based abdominal CT axial scans of 52 patients with primary liver tumors were utilized. …

Bayesian Experimental Design For Bayesian Hierarchical Models With Differential Equations For Ecological Applications, Rebecca Atanga

Theses and Dissertations

Ecologists are interested in the composition of species in various ecosystems. Studying population dynamics can assist environmental managers in making better decisions for the environment. Traditionally, the sampling of species has been recorded on a regular time frequency. However, sampling can be an expensive process due to financial and physical constraints. In some cases the environments are threatening, and ecologists prefer to limit their time collecting data in the field. Rather than convenience sampling, a statistical approach is introduced to improve data collection methods for ecologists by studying the dynamics associated with populations of interest. Population models including the logistic …

A Comparison Of The Removal Of Estrogen Between Different Wastewater Treatment Processes, Danielle J. Jones

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Pharmaceuticals are found in water systems and are classified as contaminants due to their adverse effects on numerous types of aquatic organisms. Estradiol, a natural occurring estrogen and ethinylestradiol, a common synthetic estrogen found in birth control, are a class of pharmaceuticals called endocrine-disruptive contaminants (EDC). These contaminants have been shown to cause developmental delays in fish as well as feminizing male fish in concentrations as low as 1 ng/L for both estradiol and ethinylestradiol, and bioaccumulating in mollusks and oysters. There are many natural and human-assisted methods for removing pharmaceuticals in water, and they are dependent on both the …

Response Of Coastal Ichthyoplankton Assemblages Off Northern California To Seasonal Oceanographic And Climate Variability, Blair M. Winnacott

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

This study analyzed samples collected along the Trinidad Head Line (41°N) to characterize variability in the ichthyoplankton assemblage in coastal waters off northern California from late 2007 through 2019, a period during which a major marine heatwave (MHW; late 2014-16) strongly perturbed the ecosystem. I augmented visual identification with genetic techniques to resolve the species composition of visually cryptic larval rockfishes (Sebastes spp.). While taxonomic composition off northern California was largely similar to studies off Oregon and Washington, and cross-shelf structure and seasonal patterns in species’ abundance were generally consistent with the distribution and phenology of parental stocks, interannual …