Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Peer-To-Peer Protocol For Prioritized Software Updates On Wireless Sensor Networks, Natchanon Nuntanirund

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Software updating is essential for devices in wireless sensor networks for adding new features, improving performance, or patching vulnerabilities. But since some deployed devices are unable to be accessed directly, data dissemination protocol is used for distributing the update to those devices. However, each software updating may have different priority, for instance, an update that adds an optional feature does not have to be applied as fast as an update that patches severe vulnerabilities. This research presents a reliable data dissemination protocol which is configurable for energy-speed trade-off deriving some concepts from BitTorrent such as Handshaking, Segmented File Transfer, and …

Semantic Segmentation On Remotely Sensed Images Using Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Neural Network, Teerapong Panboonyuen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

One of the fundamental tasks in remote sensing is the semantic segmentation of the aerial and satellite images. It plays a vital role in applications, such as agriculture planning, map updates, route optimization, and navigation. The state-of-the-art model is the Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder (DCED). However, the accuracy is still limited since the architecture is not designed for recovering low-level features, e.g., river, low vegetation on remotely sensed images, and the training data in this domain are deficient. In this dissertation, we aim to propose the semantic segmentation architecture in five aspects, designed explicitly for the remotely sensed field. First, we …

Ocean Current Prediction In The Gulf Of Thailand Using Spatio-Temporal Deep Learning On High-Frequency Radar, Nathachai Thongniran

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Ocean surface current prediction is a crucial task for a variety of marine activities, such as disaster monitoring, search and rescue operations, power forecasting, and etc. There are three traditional forecasting approaches: (i) numerical based approach, (ii) time series based approach and (iii) machine learning based approach. However, their prediction accuracy was limited as they did not cooperate with spatial and temporal effects together, including oceanic knowledge is also not considered. This paper introduces the ocean surface prediction model that accounts for spatial and temporal characteristics by a combination between CNN and GRU and also the incorporation of oceanic inputs …

Facial Features Detection System For Classifying Critical Situation Of Brain Surgery Postoperative Patients, Bhatarasiri Slakkham

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this research is to create a model for detecting a help signal from stroke patients after surgery. Through artificial intelligence technology by detecting via a patient's face image to help reducing workload and hospital’s expenses. The data is collected from the Stroke Unit, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital at the intensive care unit (ICU). The total number of samples is 8 persons, all these 8 were screened by the doctor and completed the consent forms before data being collected. The method of data collection is performed by attaching 3 small cameras on three positions: the left, right and …

Active Learning In Computer-Based College Algebra, Steven Boyce, Joyce O'Halloran

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We describe the process of adjusting the balance between computerbased learning and peer interaction in a college algebra course. In our first experimental class, students used the adaptive-learning program ALEKS within an emporium-style format. Comparing student performance in the emporium format class with that in a traditional lecture format class, we found an improvement in procedural skills, but a weakness in the students’ conceptual understanding of mathematical ideas. Consequently, we shifted to a blended format, cutting back on the number of ALEKS (procedural) topics and integrating activities that fostered student discourse about mathematics concepts. In our third iteration using ALEKS, …

The Covcrav Project: Architecture And Design Of A Cooperative V2v Crash Avoidance System, Fatma Outay, Hichem Bargaoui, Anouar Chemek, Faouzi Kamoun, Ansar Yasar

All Works

© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Systems capable of warning motorists against hazardous driving conditions are extremely useful for next-generation cooperative situational awareness and collision avoidance systems. In this paper, we present some preliminary results related to the COVCRAV project which aims to develop an on-board Road Hazard Signaling (RHS) system based on a crowd-apprising model. Unlike other approaches that rely on the automatic detection of dangerous situations via onboard sensors or warning messages received from roadside units, our approach enables drivers to interact directly with a touchscreen Driver Vehicle Interface (DVI) to notify nearby vehicles about the …

Towards An Efficient Data Fragmentation, Allocation, And Clustering Approach In A Distributed Environment, Hassan Abdalla, Abdel Monim Artoli

All Works

© 2019 by the authors. Data fragmentation and allocation has for long proven to be an efficient technique for improving the performance of distributed database systems' (DDBSs). A crucial feature of any successful DDBS design revolves around placing an intrinsic emphasis on minimizing transmission costs (TC). This work; therefore, focuses on improving distribution performance based on transmission cost minimization. To do so, data fragmentation and allocation techniques are utilized in this work along with investigating several data replication scenarios. Moreover, site clustering is leveraged with the aim of producing a minimum possible number of highly balanced clusters. By doing so, …

Auxetic Regions In Large Deformations Of Periodic Frameworks, Ciprian S. Borcea, Ileana Streinu

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

In materials science, auxetic behavior refers to lateral widening upon stretching. We investigate the problem of finding domains of auxeticity in global deformation spaces of periodic frameworks. Case studies include planar periodic mechanisms constructed from quadrilaterals with diagonals as periods and other frameworks with two vertex orbits. We relate several geometric and kinematic descriptions.

Details Of Deformable Part Models For Automatically Georeferencing Historical Map Images, Nicholas Howe, Jerod Weinman, John Gouwar, Aabid Shamji

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Libraries are digitizing their collections of maps from all eras, generating increasingly large online collections of historical cartographic resources. Aligning such maps to a modern geographic coordinate system greatly increases their utility. This work presents a method for such automatic georeferencing, matching raster image content to GIS vector coordinate data. Given an approximate initial alignment that has already been projected from a spherical geographic coordinate system to a Cartesian map coordinate system, a probabilistic shape-matching scheme determines an optimized match between the GIS contours and ink in the binarized map image. Us- ing an evaluation set of 20 historical maps …

Towards Modeling Conceptual Dependency Primitives With Image Schema Logic, Jamie C. Macbeth, Dagmar Gromann

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Conceptual Dependency (CD) primitives and Image Schemas (IS) share a common goal of grounding symbols of natural language in a representation that allows for automated semantic interpretation. Both seek to establish a connection between high-level conceptualizations in natural language and abstract cognitive building blocks. Some previous approaches have established a CD-IS correspondence. In this paper, we build on this correspondence in order to apply a logic designed for image schemas to selected CD primitives with the goal of formally taking account of the CD inventory. The logic draws from Region Connection Calculus (RCC-8), Qualitative Trajectory Calculus (QTC), Cardinal Directions and …

Reports Of The Aaai 2019 Spring Symposium Series, Ioana Baldini, Clark Barrett, Antonio Chella, Carlos Cinelli, David Gamez, Leilani H. Gilpin, Knut Hinkelmann, Dylan Holmes, Takashi Kido, Murat Kocaoglu, William F. Lawless, Alessio Lomuscio, Jamie C. Macbeth, Andreas Martin, Ranjeev Mittu, Evan Patterson, Donald Sofge, Prasad Tadepalli, Keiki Takadama, Shomir Wilson

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Applications of machine learning combined with AI algorithms have propelled unprecedented economic disruptions across diverse fields in industry, military, medicine, finance, and others. With the forecast for even larger impacts, the present economic impact of machine learning is estimated in the trillions of dollars. But as autonomous machines become ubiquitous, recent problems have surfaced. Early on, and again in 2018, Judea Pearl warned AI scientists they must "build machines that make sense of what goes on in their environment," a warning still unheeded that may impede future development. For example, self-driving vehicles often rely on sparse data; self-driving cars have …

Linguistic Variation And Anomalies In Comparisons Of Human And Machine-Generated Image Captions, Minyue Dai, Sandra Grandic, Jamie C. Macbeth

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Describing the content of a visual image is a fundamental ability of human vision and language systems. Over the past several years, researchers have published on major improvements on image captioning, largely due to the development of deep learning systems trained on large data sets of images and human-written captions. However, these systems have major limitations, and their development has been narrowly focused on improving scores on relatively simple “bag-of-words” metrics. Very little work has examined the overall complex patterns of the language produced by image-captioning systems and how it compares to captions written by humans. In this paper, we …

Inhibition Of Hsv-1 Binding By Egcg-Stearate, Valerie Paschalis

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is the causative agent of oral herpes, and is able to establish lifelong latent infection along with painful, recurring symptoms. Epigallocatechin-3- gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant polyphenol derived from green tea (Camellia sinensis), whose anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and antiviral properties have been widely studied. Although EGCG is not chemically stable and has poor hydrophobicity, lipophilic derivatives of EGCG have shown increased stability as well as increased antiviral efficacy against HSV. Previous studies have demonstrated that EGCG stearate (EGCG-S), a derivative of EGCG esterified at the 4’ position with stearic acid, is able to …

Geostatistical And Hydrochemical Trends In The Upper Passaic River Basin : Impact Of Road Deicing Application, Connor Evan Firor

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Sodium chloride deicing salts have been used to remove snow and ice from roadways in the Northern United States since the early 1900s. Road deicing reduces accident rates, road delays, and improve road accessibility. While it is known that the use of road deicers is beneficial, road salts have also been shown to affect surface water and groundwater quality. This study conducted major ion concentration analyses on groundwater samples collected by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for the Upper Passaic River Basin (UPRB). Results show that the contribution of chloride to total dissolved solids increased significantly by 2010. Trend …

Least Action Principle Applied To A Non-Linear Damped Pendulum, Katherine Rhodes

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

The principle of least action is a variational principle that states an object will always take the path of least action as compared to any other conceivable path. This principle can be used to derive the equations of motion of many systems, and therefore provides a unifying equation that has been applied in many fields of physics and mathematics. Hamilton’s formulation of the principle of least action typically only accounts for conservative forces, but can be reformulated to include non-conservative forces such as friction. However, it can be shown that with large values of damping, the object will no longer …

Big Data Investment And Knowledge Integration In Academic Libraries, Saher Manaseer, Afnan R. Alawneh, Dua Asoudi

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

Recently, big data investment has become important for organizations, especially with the fast growth of data following the huge expansion in the usage of social media applications, and websites. Many organizations depend on extracting and reaching the needed reports and statistics. As the investments on big data and its storage have become major challenges for organizations, many technologies and methods have been developed to tackle those challenges.

One of such technologies is Hadoop, a framework that is used to divide big data into packages and distribute those packages through nodes to be processed, consuming less cost than the traditional storage …

Auxetic Regions In Large Deformations Of Periodic Frameworks, Ciprian S. Borcea, Ileana Streinu

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

In materials science, auxetic behavior refers to lateral widening upon stretching. We investigate the problem of finding domains of auxeticity in global deformation spaces of periodic frameworks. Case studies include planar periodic mechanisms constructed from quadrilaterals with diagonals as periods and other frameworks with two vertex orbits. We relate several geometric and kinematic descriptions.

Strategies For Using Information And Communication Technologies To Improve Profitability, Rodney Mciver

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Small business owners in a range of industries continually adapt to take advantage of technological developments in accounting, marketing, and communication. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies that small business owners operating in the central region of North Carolina used to implement information and communication technology (ICT). Roger's diffusion of innovation theory grounded the study. Data collection included face-to-face semistructured interviews with 6 owners of small businesses who successfully implemented ICT, field notes from site observations, and reviews of participant websites. Interviews were transcribed and participants were engaged in member checking. Data were analyzed using …

A Case Study On Social Media As An Effective Management Tool, Appolloh Omolloh

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In small businesses in the United States, specifically those with fewer than 10 employees,

leaders may be skeptical of and resistant to the use of social media in their management

operations. Management literature does not indicate clear and effective guidelines and

policies detailing small marketing firms use of social media. The purpose of this

qualitative case study was to explore the perceptions of small marketing firm leaders

about the resources and knowledge needed for effective use of social media as a

management tool. Emerson's social exchange theory grounded the study. The study

targeted owners and managers of small marketing firms …

Good Similar Patches For Image Denoising (Poster), Si Lu

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Patch-based denoising algorithms like BM3D have achieved outstanding performance. An important idea for the success of these methods is to exploit the recurrence of similar patches in an input image to estimate the underlying image structures....

Sustainable Development Economy: Macroeconomic Policy And Microeconomic Impact Of Public Private Partnerships, Richard Berkshire

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The impact of public private partnership (PPP) on Dallas, Texas economic development activities is debated through many forms of academic studies. The purpose of this study was to bridge the research gap in PPP impact on sustainable economic development from the perspectives of PPP practitioners. The central research question focused on the PPP executives' perspective on the evaluation of PPP programs within a 5-year period (2005 - 2010) in Dallas, Texas. The theoretical framework of this study was based on the policy feedback theory. A qualitative case study design was the case study approach and purposeful sampling interviews were the …

Strategies To Sustain A Real Estate Small Business In Postnatural-Disaster Area, Vianka Miranda

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many small real estate business leaders lack effective strategies to resume and sustain operations in a postnatural-disaster environment. This multiple case study investigated strategies that 3 small real estate business leaders in southeastern Louisiana used to resume and sustain operations in the aftermath of a natural disaster. The chaos theory and stakeholder theory were the conceptual frameworks for this study. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, and reviews of business continuity plan documents and member checking. The themes that emerged from data analysis were leaders' strategies relating to business planning and innovation, stakeholder engagement, operations management, and disaster responsiveness. Implications …

Sustainable Supply Chain Management In The Nigerian Consumer Goods Manufacturing Sector, Ekpen Theophilus Owie

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Supply chain practitioners in developing economies, like Nigeria, experience challenges in implementing sustainable supply chain management practices. Poor sustainability implementation engenders the negative effects of supply chain operations on people, the environment, and business continuity. The purpose of this qualitative transcendental phenomenological study was to explore and describe the experiences of supply chain practitioners in the consumer goods manufacturing industry in Nigeria about sustainable supply chain management based on the theoretical foundations of stakeholder and general systems theories. The focus of the research question was to examine the experiences of supply chain practitioners to understand the challenges in implementing sustainable …

Strategies To Recruit Skilled Workers In Manufacturing, Ina Renee Rawlinson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Manufacturing hiring managers in the United States who fail to implement adequate recruitment strategies for skilled production workers experience reduced profits and sustainability challenges. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies that successful manufacturing hiring managers in North Carolina used to recruit skilled production workers to sustain business profitability. Inductive analysis was guided by the human capital theory, and trustworthiness of interpretations was strengthened by member checking. The population for the study consisted of 4 business leaders who demonstrated the use of effective recruitment strategies to sustain profitability in manufacturing businesses in southeastern North Carolina. …

Development Of An Open-Source, Custom Environmental Data Logger For Spatially Scalable Data Collection, Tim Anderson

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Characterizing the processes that lead to differences in ecosystem productivity and watershed hydrology across complex terrain remains a challenge. This difficulty can be partially attributed to the cost of installing networks of proprietary data loggers that monitor differences in the biophysical factors contributing to vegetation growth or hydrological processes. Studies that aim to compare concurrent time-series data sets across multiple locations must therefore balance the high cost of these data logger systems with the need for spatial resolution in their data. Here, we present the design, implementation, and case study for an open-source “Pinecone” data logger system, released under the …

Probing Earth Deformation In Response To Localized Hydrologic Mass Loading, Susitna River Basin, Alaska, Andrew Parker Keene

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Surface mass loading contributes a ubiquitous signal to GPS time series that can be modeled and removed for individual sources. We utilize nine GPS stations in the Susitna River watershed, Alaska, to investigate surface displacements from surface mass loading. We find that modeling atmospheric surface pressure and regional hydrologic mass reduces root mean square (RMS) error by 27-39% for all GPS time series. We observe moderate correlation between residual time series pairs and distance, with elevation differences influencing the strength of this correlation. Seasonal horizontal and vertical displacements are observed after removal of all loading models; stations displace downward and …

Influence Of Large Wood On Sediment Routing In A Mixed Bedrock-Alluvial Stream, Robin Welling

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Sediment storage by instream wood in forested mountain streams mediates sediment movement from hillslopes through the channel network and can alter channel morphology at multiple spatial scales. Mixed bedrock-alluvial channels are prevalent in mountain stream networks, yet the distribution and geomorphic impact of large wood within these streams are poorly understood. To estimate how the distribution of large wood in a mixed bedrock-alluvial stream relates to sediment storage, we measured and characterized large wood, and surveyed the volume of associated sediment within a stream in the Bitterroot Mountains, Montana. The upstream portion of the study reach is predominantly alluvial and …

Utilization Of Various Methods And A Landsat Ndvi/Google Earth Engine Product For Classifying Irrigated Land Cover, Andrew Nemecek

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Methods for classifying irrigated land cover are often complex and not quickly reproducible. Further, moderate resolution time-series datasets have been consistently utilized to produce irrigated land cover products over the past decade, and the body of irrigation classification literature contains no examples of subclassification of irrigated land cover by irrigation method. Creation of geospatial irrigated land cover products with higher resolution datasets could improve reliability, and subclassification of irrigation by method could provide better information for hydrologists and climatologists attempting to model the role of irrigation in the surface-ground water cycle and the water-energy balance. This study summarizes a simple, …

Development Along Rattlesnake Creek: An Assessment Of Stream Health, Channel Form, And Land Cover, Christopher D. Miller

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Using existing water quality data, historical aerial photographs, and recent orthoimagery, this research assessed how the environmental conditions of Rattlesnake Creek near Missoula, Montana have changed over nearly 90 years of human alteration of the Rattlesnake valley. To characterize stream health, the following indicators were investigated: fish genetic composition and species distribution, water temperature, streamflow, and nutrient levels. Five overlapping aerial photos from 1929 were georectified and compared to 2015 orthoimagery to assess changes in channel form (particularly channel straightening) and land cover across the Rattlesnake Creek valley bottom. Results indicate that trout species in Rattlesnake Creek have hybridized, in …

Spatiotemporal Dynamics Of Nitrogen And Carbon Biogeochemistry In A Wetland-Stream Sequence, Patrick E. Hurley

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Studies of aquatic ecosystems often segregate streams from the influential ponds, lakes, and wetland zones that act as important transitions between terrestrial and fluvial systems. Across the aquatic landscape, these zones interact to form linked ecosystems that function as discrete nutrient processing domains, shifting biogeochemical signals due to spatial and temporal variability in hydrologic and biologic controls. Using a mass-balance approach, we profiled nutrient dynamics along a 23-km wetland-stream sequence over three seasons. Hydrologic, morphologic, and biologic conditions, as well as landscape attributes, were quantified to determine potential controls on biogeochemical cycling in a tributary of the Upper Clark Fork …