Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Open Access Articles

Journal Of Mathematics And Science: Collaborative Explorations

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Mathematics Specialists In Alexandria City Public Schools, S. Birnie

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Mathematics Teacher Specialists – Making A Difference For Student Learning, T. Rowan

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Hopewell, Virginia: How Do You "Hook" Elementary Teachers Into Enjoying And Seeing The Beauty Of Mathematics?, Y. Smith-Jones

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Designing Professional Development Activities For Mathematics Specialists, V. Bastable, L. Menster

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Aims & Scope

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Evidence For Alignment Of The Rotation And Velocity Vectors In Pulsars, Simon Johnston, G. Hobbs, S. Vigeland, M. Kramer, J. M. Weisberg, A. G. Lyne

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Work

We review our case for strong observational evidence for a relationship between the direction of a pulsar’s motion and its rotation axis. The information comes from calibrated polarization data for 20 pulsars which display linearly polarized emission from the pulse longitude at closest approach to the magnetic pole. Of these 20 pulsars, 10 show an offset in the angle between the velocity vector and the polarisation position angle which is either less than 10◦ or more than 80◦ , a fraction which is very unlikely by random chance. We believe that the bimodal nature of the distribution arises from the …

Go to article

Coarse-Grained Entropy Decrease And Phase-Space Focusing In Hamiltonian Dynamics, Arjendu K. Pattanayak, Daniel W. C. Brooks, Anton De La Fuente, Lawrence Uricchio, Edward Holby, Daniel Krawisz, Jorge I. Silva

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Work

We analyze the behavior of the coarse-grained entropy for classical probabilities in nonlinear Hamiltonians. We focus on the result that if the trajectory dynamics are integrable, the probability ensemble shows transient increases in the coherence, corresponding to an increase in localization of the ensemble and hence the phasespace density of the ensemble. We discuss the connection of these dynamics to the problem of cooling in atomic ensembles. We show how these dynamics can be understood in terms of the behavior of individual trajectories, allowing us to manipulate ensembles to create “cold” dense final ensembles. We illustrate these results with an …

Go to article

Low-Temperature Glassy Response Of Ultrathin La0.8ca0.2mn03 Films To Electric And Magnetic Fields, A. Bhattacharya, Melissa Eblen-Zayas,, N. E. Staley, A. L. Kobrinskii, A. M. Goldman

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Work

The glassy response of ultrathin films of La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 in the mixed phase to external magnetic and gated electro-static fields have been studied at low temperatures. The response of the resistance to external fields provides direct evidence for a hierarchical energy landscape, with strong cross-couplings between spin and charge. Magnetic coercivity measurements indicate that strong magnetic disorder accompanies the mixed phase in these films. This magnetic disorder, and the resultant coercivity, can be decreased by cooling in a large magnetic field or by electrostatic gating.

Go to article

Exploiting The Advantages Of Object-Based Dsm In A Heterogeneous Cluster Environment, Xuli Liu, Hong Jiang, Leen-Kiat Soh

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

In recent years, increasing effort has been made by the cluster and grid computing community to build object- based Distributed Shared Memory systems (DSM) in a cluster environment. In most of these systems, a shared object is simply used as a data-exchanging unit so as to alleviate the false-sharing problem, and the advantages of sharing objects remain to be fully exploited. Thus, this paper is motivated to investigate the potential advantages of object-based DSM. For example, the performance of a distributed application may be significantly improved by adaptively and judiciously setting the size of the shared objects, i.e., granularity. This …

Go to article

Registered Irrigation Wells In Nebraska August 2005, Conservation And Survey Division

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Disseminating Usability Design Knowledge Through Ontology-Based Pattern Languages, Scott Henninger, Padmapriya Ashokkumar

School of Computing: Technical Reports

Usability patterns represent knowledge about known ways to design graphical user interfaces that are usable and meet the needs and expectations of users. There is currently a plethora of usability patterns published in books, private repositories and the World-Wide Web. The dominance of pattern discovery efforts has neglected the emerging need to organize the patterns so they can become a proactive resource for developing interfaces. This paper presents an approach using Semantic Web concepts that turns informal patterns into formal representations capable of supporting systematic design methods. Through this method, loosely coupled pattern collections can be turned into strongly coupled …

Go to article

Discontinuous Waveband Switching In Wdm Optical Networks, Bhavana Lekkala, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Routing techniques used in wavelength routed optical networks (WRN) do not give an efficient solution with Waveband routed optical networks (WBN) as the objective of routing in WRN is to reduce the blocking probability and that in WBN is to reduce the number of switching ports. Routing in WBN can be divided two parts, finding the route and grouping the wavelength assigned into that route with some existing wavelengths/wavebands. In this paper, we propose a heuristic for waveband routing, which uses a new grouping strategy called discontinuous waveband grouping to group the wavelengths into a waveband. The main objective of …

Go to article

Performance Analysis Of Sparse Traffic Grooming In Wdm Mesh Networks, Wang Yao, Mengke Li, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Sparse traffic grooming is a practical problem to be addressed in heterogeneous multi-vendor optical WDM networks where only some of the optical cross-connects (OXCs) have grooming capabilities. Such a network is called as a sparse grooming network. The sparse grooming problem under dynamic traffic in optical WDM mesh networks is a relatively unexplored problem. In this work, we propose the maximize-lightpath-sharing multi-hop (MLS-MH) grooming algorithm to support dynamic traffic grooming in sparse grooming networks. We also present an analytical model to evaluate the blocking performance of the MLS-MH algorithm. Simulation results show that MLSMH outperforms an existing grooming algorithm, the …

Go to article

Utilizing Device Slack For Energy-Efficient I/O Device Scheduling In Hard Real-Time Systems With Non-Preemptible Resources, Hui Cheng, Steve Goddard

School of Computing: Technical Reports

The challenge in conserving energy in embedded real-time systems is to reduce power consumption while preserving temporal correctness. Much research has focused on power conservation for the processor, while power conservation for I/O devices has received little attention. In this paper, we analyze the problem of online energy-aware I/O scheduling for hard real-time systems based on the preemptive periodic task model with non-preemptible shared resources. We extend the concept of device slack proposed in [2] to support non-preemptible shared resources; and propose an online energy-aware I/O scheduling algorithm: Energy-efficient Device Scheduling with Non-preemptible Resources (EEDS NR). The EEDS NR algorithm …

Go to article

The Geographically Contiguous And Expanding Coastal Range Of The Northern Curlytail Lizard (Leiocephalus Carinatus Armouri ) In Florida, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Henry T. Smith, Richard M. Engeman, Christopher L. Dean, Jon A. Moore, William E. O'Brien

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We surveyed for the presence of the Northern Curlytail Lizard, Leiocephalus carinatus armouri, from Port Salerno, Martin County, FL, northward to the Indian River-Brevard county line to determine the extent to which this species occurs along the Florida East Coast. The geographic range of L. c. armouri appears to be uninterrupted along the coast from northern Broward County through Palm Beach County. The heavily modified coastal habitat provided this species with the open sunny conditions and cement analogues to the rocky substratum to which it is adapted. Its ubiquity, rate of geographic expansion, combined with its carnivorous habits and large …

Go to article

Introduction: Biology And Conservation Of The American White Pelican, Daniel W. Anderson, D. Tommy King

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Two separate, large-scale management units for the American White Pelican ( Pelecanus erythrorhynchos ) in North America are proposed: the eastern and western metapopulations, separated by the North American Continental Divide. The populations on either side of this barrier are subject to contrasting ecological conditions, movement patterns suggest strong geographic separation and each is likely demographically distinct. Subdivisions within these demographic units need to be more precisely defined in the future. Yet, because of the highly colonial nesting habits of the American White Pelican, conservation can still be effective if directed toward separate breeding colonies. Our intent is to provide …

Go to article

Preface [To Special Issue Of Wildlife Research: ‘Use Of Indices To Monitor Wildlife Population’], Richard M. Engeman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Impact Of Disease In The American White Pelican In North America, Tonie Rocke, Kathryn Converse, Carol Meteyer, Bob Mclean

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Records of reported die-offs of the American White Pelican ( Pelicanus erythrorhynchos ) held by the U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center from 1978 through 2003 indicate that type C botulism (caused by Clostridium botulinum ) was the major cause of mortality. In 1996, over 15,000 birds, including 8,500 American White Pelicans, were estimated to have died from type C botulism at the Salton Sea in California. This was the largest documented die-off of any pelican species and was estimated to represent 15-20% of the western metapopulation. This event was also notable in that it was the first time …

Go to article

Gnrh Irnmunocontraception Of Male Cats, Megan K. Ross, Julie K. Levy, Lowell A. Miller, Cynda Crawford, Jerry W. Ritchey, Kathleen A. Fagerstone

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The develop~llenot f nonsurgical co~ltraceptivesf or cats may facilitate population control of the species. The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of GI&H for iinillu~locontraceptioo~fl male cats. Male cats (11=12) were divided into groups of tlxee and were inunuilized once with 0 (sham), 50, 200, or 400 i g synthetic GI&H coupled to keyhole limpet hernocyanin and combined with a nlycobacterial adjuvant to e~lhance inullunogenicity. GI&H ailtibody titer, serunl testostero~lec oncentration, and scrota1 size were detenniiled monthly. At 6 1110, semen was collected by electroejaculation and testes were examined histologically. GnRH antibodies were detected in all cats …

Go to article

Foraging Behavior And Monetary Impact Of Wading Birds At Arkansas Baitfish Farms, Scott J. Werner, J. Brett Harrel, David E. Wooten

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

WP rnnrlurted fnraging ob,ervations, food habits studie~, and producer aurveys to determine the foraging behavior and monetary impact of great blue herons Ardca hr.rodia5, great egrets A. alba, and little blue heron5 E m t r a cnurulua lora-g in-e at Arkansas haiffish farms. Although great egrets captured most baitfishlminute, captureslstrike were nearlj identical among the three wadine bird snecies. American eizzard shad Dorosoma crordinnum. eoldfish Carossius nuratul. D - . - and giant water bugs Hemiplera: Beloston~atidaew ere collected from the gastro-intestinal tract of grent blue herons. Only golden shiners ,Votrrni~onuc,~ry soleucur and goldfish were found in great egrets. …

Go to article

Climate Change And Amphibians, P.S. Corn

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Amphibian life histories are exceedingly sensitive to temperature and precipitation, and there is good evidence that recent climate change has already resulted in a shift to breeding earlier in the year for some species. There are also suggestions that the recent increase in the occurrence of El Niño events has caused declines of anurans in Central America and is linked to elevated mortality of amphibian embryos in the northwestern United States. However, evidence linking amphibian declines in Central America to climate relies solely on correlations, and the mechanisms underlying the declines are not understood. Connections between embryo mortality and declines …

Go to article

Reversals And Transpositions Over Finite Alphabets, A. J. Radcliffe, A. D. Scott, E. L. Wilmer

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Extending results of Christie and Irving, we examine the action of reversals and transpositions on finite strings over an alphabet of size k. We show that determining reversal, transposition, or signed reversal distance between two strings over a finite alphabet is NP-hard, while for “dense” instances we give a polynomial-time approximation scheme. We also give a number of extremal results, as well as investigating the distance between random strings and the problem of sorting a string over a finite alphabet.

Go to article

Topographic, Bioclimatic, And Vegetation Characteristics Of Three Ecoregion Classification Systems In North America: Comparisons Along Continent-Wide Transects, Robert Thompson, Sarah Shafer, Katherine Anderson, Laura Strickland, Richard Pelltier, Patrick Bartlein, Michael Kerwin

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Ecoregion classification systems are increasingly used for policy and management decisions, particularly among conservation and natural resource managers. A number of ecoregion classification systems are currently available, with each system defining ecoregions using different classification methods and different types of data. As a result, each classification system describes a unique set of ecoregions. To help potential users choose the most appropriate ecoregion system for their particular application, we used three latitudinal transects across North America to compare the boundaries and environmental characteristics of three ecoregion classification systems [Küchler, World Wildlife Fund (WWF), and Bailey]. A variety of variables were used …

Go to article

Paleoceanographic History Of The Guaymas Basin, Gulf Of California, During The Past 15,000 Years Based On Diatoms, Silicoflagellates, And Biogenic Sediments, John A. Barron, David Bukrya, Walter E. Dean

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

High-resolution records of calcium carbonate, biogenic opal, diatoms, and silicoflagellates from western Guaymas Basin gravity core GGC55 and piston core JPC56 and eastern Guaymas Basin DSDP Site 480 reveal a complex paleoceanographic history of the central Gulf of California during the past 15,000 years. Prior to ~6.2 ka, the eastern and western Guaymas Basin proxy records were remarkably similar. After conditions similar to those of today during the Bølling–Allerod, the Younger Dryas (YD) saw a major drop in diatom production, coincident with increased calcium carbonate and tropical microfossils suggestive of El Nino-like conditions. Biosiliceous productivity began increasing during the latter …

Go to article

U-Pb Zircon Ages And Pb Isotope Geochemistry Of Gold Deposits In The Carolina Slate Belt Of South Carolina, R. A. Ayuso, J. L. Wooden, N. K. Foley, Robert R. Seal Ii, A. K. Sinha

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Volcanic rocks of the Persimmon Fork Formation host the largest known gold mines of the Carolina slate belt. U-Pb (SHRIMP) zircon ages have been obtained from rocks closely associated with pyrite-enargite-gold deposits at Brewer (quartz-topaz rhyolite breccia from the argillic alteration zone in the Brewer pit and felsic ash-flow tuff from the quartz sericite alteration zone), from the disseminated and semimassive pyrite-gold deposits at Haile (crystal lithic rhyolitic ash-flow tuffs from the Champion pit), and from the Ridgeway deposit (felsic ash-flow tuff from the stratigraphic host of the North pit gold deposit). Generally, the zircons are fine grained, fractured, and …

Go to article

Conceptual Model Of Sediment Processes In The Upper Yuba River Watershed, Sierra Nevada, Ca, Jennifer A. Curtis, Lorraine E. Flint, Charles N. Alpers, Sarah M. Yarnell

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

This study examines the development of a conceptual model of sediment processes in the upper Yuba River watershed; and we hypothesize how components of the conceptual model may be spatially distributed using a geographical information system (GIS). The conceptual model illustrates key processes controlling sediment dynamics in the upper Yuba River watershed and was tested and revised using field measurements, aerial photography, and low elevation videography. Field reconnaissance included mass wasting and channel storage inventories, assessment of annual channel change in upland tributaries, and evaluation of the relative importance of sediment sources and transport processes. Hillslope erosion rates throughout the …

Go to article

Late-Holocene Flooding And Drought In The Northern Great Plains, Usa, Reconstructed From Tree Rings, Lake Sediments And Ancient Shorelines, M. D. Shapley, W. C. Johnson, D. R. Engstrom, W. R. Osterkamp

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

During the AD 1990s the Waubay Lakes complex in eastern South Dakota experienced historically unprecedented high water levels. Property damage from this flooding led to an examination of the occurrence of past pluvial episodes and their relation to climate. A lOOO-year hydroclimate reconstruction was developed from local bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) tree-ring records and lake-sediment cores. Analysis of lake shoreline and drainage features provides late-Quaternary geomorphic context for this high-resolution record. Tree-ring width and shell geochemistry of the ostracode Candona rawsoni show marked coherence, indicating synchronous responses to moisture balance in vegetation and lake salinity; geomorphic evidence …

Go to article

Phytoplankton Development Within Tidal Freshwater Regions Of Two Virginia Rivers, Usa, Harold G. Marshall, Lubomira Burchardt

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Phytoplankton composition and the range of seasonal patterns of abundance are presented for the tidal freshwater regions in two Virginia rivers based on data accumulated monthly from 1986 through 1999. Diatoms dominated the flora during spring, summer, and fall, whereas, other taxonomic categories were more representative when the river flow rates decreased, allowing for a more stable water system and increased residency time within this tidal region during summer and early fall. This summer/fall period was associated with increased water temperatures, higher productivity rates and chlorophyll levels, increased total phytoplankton abundance and species diversity. The major components of the summer …

Go to article

Denial Of Service Attack Techniques: Analysis, Implementation And Comparison, Khaled M. Elleithy, Drazen Blagovic, Wang K. Cheng, Paul Sideleau

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

A denial of service attack (DOS) is any type of attack on a networking structure to disable a server from servicing its clients. Attacks range from sending millions of requests to a server in an attempt to slow it down, flooding a server with large packets of invalid data, to sending requests with an invalid or spoofed IP address. In this paper we show the implementation and analysis of three main types of attack: Ping of Death, TCP SYN Flood, and Distributed DOS. The Ping of Death attack will be simulated against a Microsoft Windows 95 computer. The TCP SYN …

Go to article

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Journal Of Mathematics And Science: Collaborative Explorations

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Mathematics Specialists In Alexandria City Public Schools, S. Birnie

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Mathematics Teacher Specialists – Making A Difference For Student Learning, T. Rowan

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Hopewell, Virginia: How Do You "Hook" Elementary Teachers Into Enjoying And Seeing The Beauty Of Mathematics?, Y. Smith-Jones

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Designing Professional Development Activities For Mathematics Specialists, V. Bastable, L. Menster

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Aims & Scope

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Evidence For Alignment Of The Rotation And Velocity Vectors In Pulsars, Simon Johnston, G. Hobbs, S. Vigeland, M. Kramer, J. M. Weisberg, A. G. Lyne

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Work

Coarse-Grained Entropy Decrease And Phase-Space Focusing In Hamiltonian Dynamics, Arjendu K. Pattanayak, Daniel W. C. Brooks, Anton De La Fuente, Lawrence Uricchio, Edward Holby, Daniel Krawisz, Jorge I. Silva

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Work

Low-Temperature Glassy Response Of Ultrathin La0.8ca0.2mn03 Films To Electric And Magnetic Fields, A. Bhattacharya, Melissa Eblen-Zayas,, N. E. Staley, A. L. Kobrinskii, A. M. Goldman

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Work

Exploiting The Advantages Of Object-Based Dsm In A Heterogeneous Cluster Environment, Xuli Liu, Hong Jiang, Leen-Kiat Soh

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Registered Irrigation Wells In Nebraska August 2005, Conservation And Survey Division

Conservation and Survey Division: Faculty and Staff Publications

Disseminating Usability Design Knowledge Through Ontology-Based Pattern Languages, Scott Henninger, Padmapriya Ashokkumar

School of Computing: Technical Reports

Discontinuous Waveband Switching In Wdm Optical Networks, Bhavana Lekkala, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Performance Analysis Of Sparse Traffic Grooming In Wdm Mesh Networks, Wang Yao, Mengke Li, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Utilizing Device Slack For Energy-Efficient I/O Device Scheduling In Hard Real-Time Systems With Non-Preemptible Resources, Hui Cheng, Steve Goddard

School of Computing: Technical Reports

The Geographically Contiguous And Expanding Coastal Range Of The Northern Curlytail Lizard (Leiocephalus Carinatus Armouri ) In Florida, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Henry T. Smith, Richard M. Engeman, Christopher L. Dean, Jon A. Moore, William E. O'Brien

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Introduction: Biology And Conservation Of The American White Pelican, Daniel W. Anderson, D. Tommy King

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Preface [To Special Issue Of Wildlife Research: ‘Use Of Indices To Monitor Wildlife Population’], Richard M. Engeman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Impact Of Disease In The American White Pelican In North America, Tonie Rocke, Kathryn Converse, Carol Meteyer, Bob Mclean

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Gnrh Irnmunocontraception Of Male Cats, Megan K. Ross, Julie K. Levy, Lowell A. Miller, Cynda Crawford, Jerry W. Ritchey, Kathleen A. Fagerstone

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Foraging Behavior And Monetary Impact Of Wading Birds At Arkansas Baitfish Farms, Scott J. Werner, J. Brett Harrel, David E. Wooten

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Climate Change And Amphibians, P.S. Corn

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Reversals And Transpositions Over Finite Alphabets, A. J. Radcliffe, A. D. Scott, E. L. Wilmer

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

Topographic, Bioclimatic, And Vegetation Characteristics Of Three Ecoregion Classification Systems In North America: Comparisons Along Continent-Wide Transects, Robert Thompson, Sarah Shafer, Katherine Anderson, Laura Strickland, Richard Pelltier, Patrick Bartlein, Michael Kerwin

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Paleoceanographic History Of The Guaymas Basin, Gulf Of California, During The Past 15,000 Years Based On Diatoms, Silicoflagellates, And Biogenic Sediments, John A. Barron, David Bukrya, Walter E. Dean

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

U-Pb Zircon Ages And Pb Isotope Geochemistry Of Gold Deposits In The Carolina Slate Belt Of South Carolina, R. A. Ayuso, J. L. Wooden, N. K. Foley, Robert R. Seal Ii, A. K. Sinha

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Conceptual Model Of Sediment Processes In The Upper Yuba River Watershed, Sierra Nevada, Ca, Jennifer A. Curtis, Lorraine E. Flint, Charles N. Alpers, Sarah M. Yarnell

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Late-Holocene Flooding And Drought In The Northern Great Plains, Usa, Reconstructed From Tree Rings, Lake Sediments And Ancient Shorelines, M. D. Shapley, W. C. Johnson, D. R. Engstrom, W. R. Osterkamp

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Phytoplankton Development Within Tidal Freshwater Regions Of Two Virginia Rivers, Usa, Harold G. Marshall, Lubomira Burchardt

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Denial Of Service Attack Techniques: Analysis, Implementation And Comparison, Khaled M. Elleithy, Drazen Blagovic, Wang K. Cheng, Paul Sideleau

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications