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2005

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Articles 361 - 390 of 4759

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Interval Estimation Of Risk Difference In Simple Compliance Randomized Trials, Kung-Jong Lui Nov 2005

Interval Estimation Of Risk Difference In Simple Compliance Randomized Trials, Kung-Jong Lui

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Consider the simple compliance randomized trial, in which patients randomly assigned to the experimental treatment may switch to receive the standard treatment, while patients randomly assigned to the standard treatment are all assumed to receive their assigned treatment. Six asymptotic interval estimators for the risk difference in probabilities of response among patients who would accept the experimental treatment were developed. Monte Carlo methods were employed to evaluate and compare the finite-sample performance of these estimators. An example studying the effect of vitamin A supplementation on reducing mortality in preschool children was included to illustrate their practical use.

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A Robust Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Chart For The Process Mean, Michael B. C. Khoo, S. Y. Sim Nov 2005

A Robust Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Chart For The Process Mean, Michael B. C. Khoo, S. Y. Sim

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

To date, numerous extensions of the exponentially weighted moving average, EWMA charts have been made. A new robust EWMA chart for the process mean is proposed. It enables easier detection of outliers and increase sensitivity to other forms of out-of-control situation when outliers are present.

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A Comparison Of Risk Classification Methods For Claim Severity Data, Noriszura Ismail, Abdul Aziz Jemain Nov 2005

A Comparison Of Risk Classification Methods For Claim Severity Data, Noriszura Ismail, Abdul Aziz Jemain

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The objective of this article is to compare several risk classification methods for claim severity data by using weighted equation which is written as a weighted difference between the observed and fitted values. The weighted equation will be applied to estimate claim severities which is equivalent to the total claim costs divided by the number of claims.

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Supporting And Preparing Future Decision-Makers With The Needed Tools, Michael Wolf-Branigin Nov 2005

Supporting And Preparing Future Decision-Makers With The Needed Tools, Michael Wolf-Branigin

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Supporting and Preparing Future Decision-makers with the Needed ToolsEducational and social service researchers and evaluators continue to develop advanced statistical methods. To ensure that our students have the essential skills as they enter direct service, the focus must be on assuring that they learn readily understandable methods that are appropriate for small samples and use repeated measures.

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Statistical Tests, Tests Of Significance, And Tests Of A Hypothesis Using Excel, David A. Heiser Nov 2005

Statistical Tests, Tests Of Significance, And Tests Of A Hypothesis Using Excel, David A. Heiser

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Microsoft’s spreadsheet program Excel has many statistical functions and routines. Over the years there have been criticisms about the inaccuracies of these functions and routines (see McCullough 1998, 1999). This article reviews some of these statistical methods used to test for differences between two samples. In practice, the analysis is done by a software program and often with the actual method used unknown. The user has to select the method and variations to be used, without full knowledge of just what calculations are used. Usually there is no convenient trace back to textbook explanations. This article describes the Excel algorithm …

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Obituary: Cliff Lunneborg, Jmasm Editors Nov 2005

Obituary: Cliff Lunneborg, Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

No abstract provided.

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Pietro Paoli, Italian Algebraist, John L. Cuzzocrea, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky Nov 2005

Pietro Paoli, Italian Algebraist, John L. Cuzzocrea, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Pietro Paoli was a leading Italian mathematician in the late 18th century. His signed letter pertaining to the death of astronomer Giuseppe Antonio Slop is translated from Italian to flowing (American) English.

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Robust Confidence Intervals For Effect Size In The Two-Group Case, H. J. Keselman, James Algina, Katherine Fradette Nov 2005

Robust Confidence Intervals For Effect Size In The Two-Group Case, H. J. Keselman, James Algina, Katherine Fradette

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The probability coverage of intervals involving robust estimates of effect size based on seven procedures was compared for asymmetrically trimming data in an independent two-groups design, and a method that symmetrically trims the data. Four conditions were varied: (a) percentage of trimming, (b) type of nonnormal population distribution, (c) population effect size, and (d) sample size. Results indicated that coverage probabilities were generally well controlled under the conditions of nonnormality. The symmetric trimming method provided excellent probability coverage. Recommendations are provided.

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Sample Size Calculation And Power Analysis Of Time-Averaged Difference, Honghu Liu, Tongtong Wu Nov 2005

Sample Size Calculation And Power Analysis Of Time-Averaged Difference, Honghu Liu, Tongtong Wu

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Little research has been done on sample size and power analysis under repeated measures design. With detailed derivation, we have shown sample size calculation and power analysis equations for timeaveraged difference to allow unequal sample sizes between two groups for both continuous and binary measures and explored the relative importance of number of unique subjects and number of repeated measurements within each subject on statistical power through simulation.

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Testing Normality Against The Laplace Distribution, Taisuke Otsu Nov 2005

Testing Normality Against The Laplace Distribution, Taisuke Otsu

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Some normality test statistics are proposed by testing non-nested hypotheses of the normal distribution and the Laplace distribution. If the null hypothesis is normal, the proposed non-nested tests are asymptotically equivalent to Geary’s (1935) normality test. The proposed test statistics are compared by the method of approximate slopes and Monte Carlo experiments.

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Testing For Aptitude-Treatment Interactions In Analysis Of Covariance And Randomized Block Designs Under Assumption Violations, Tim Moses, Alan Klockars Nov 2005

Testing For Aptitude-Treatment Interactions In Analysis Of Covariance And Randomized Block Designs Under Assumption Violations, Tim Moses, Alan Klockars

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This study compared the robustness of two analysis strategies designed to detect Aptitude-Treatment Interactions to two of their similarly-held assumptions, normality and residual variance homogeneity. The analysis strategies were the test of slope differences in analysis of covariance and the test of the Block-by- Treatment interaction in randomized block analysis of variance. With equal sample sizes in the treatment groups the results showed that residual variance heterogeneity has little effect on either strategy but nonnormality makes the test of slope differences liberal and the test of the Block-by-Treatment interaction conservative. With unequal sample sizes in the treatment groups the often-reported …

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Type I Error Of Four Pairwise Mean Comparison Procedures Conducted As Protected And Unprotected Tests, J. Jackson Barnette, James E. Mclean Nov 2005

Type I Error Of Four Pairwise Mean Comparison Procedures Conducted As Protected And Unprotected Tests, J. Jackson Barnette, James E. Mclean

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Type I error control accuracy of four commonly used pairwise mean comparison procedures, conducted as protected or unprotected tests, is examined. If error control philosophy is experimentwise, Tukey’s HSD, as an unprotected test, is most accurate and if philosophy is per-experiment, Dunn-Bonferroni, conducted as an unprotected test, is most accurate.

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Kim And Warde’S Mixed Randomized Response Technique For Complex Surveys, Amitava Saha Nov 2005

Kim And Warde’S Mixed Randomized Response Technique For Complex Surveys, Amitava Saha

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The randomized response (RR) technique introduced by Warner (1965) was found to be an effective method for reducing answer bias and ensuring better respondent cooperation in estimating the proportion of people in a community bearing a sensitive attribute. Chaudhuri (2001a, 2001b, 2002, 2003) extended Warner’s method and several other well-known RR devices to complex surveys adopting a varying probability sampling design. Kim and Warde (2004) proposed an RR model assuming that the sample is selected with simple random sampling (SRS) with replacement (SRSWR). Here, the method of estimation is presented when sample is chosen with varying selection probabilities and Kim …

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A Nonrigorous Approach Of Incorporating Sensitizing Rules Into Multivariate Control Charts, Michael B. C. Khoo Nov 2005

A Nonrigorous Approach Of Incorporating Sensitizing Rules Into Multivariate Control Charts, Michael B. C. Khoo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Multivariate control charts are becoming more important in the monitoring of processes in manufacturing industries because the quality of a process is usually determined by several correlated variables (quality characteristics). The most popular multivariate process control procedure is based on the Hotelling control chart. It is used to monitor the mean vector of a process. A nonrigorous approach of using four sensitizing rules is introduced to improve the performance of a conventional Hotelling chart. The use of these rules on a conventional Hotelling chart do not require a transformation of the T2 statistics into normal random variables. Thus, the …

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Sample Size Selection For Pair-Wise Comparisons Using Information Criteria, Xuemei Pan, C. Mitchell Dayton Nov 2005

Sample Size Selection For Pair-Wise Comparisons Using Information Criteria, Xuemei Pan, C. Mitchell Dayton

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This article provides results for rates of correct identifications of paired-comparison information criteria and Tukey HSD as functions of the pattern of mean differences and of sample size. Therefore, the tables provided are useful for selecting sample sizes in real world applications.

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Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimation For Latent Variable Models With Mixed Continuous And Polytomous Data, Jens C. Eickhoff Nov 2005

Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimation For Latent Variable Models With Mixed Continuous And Polytomous Data, Jens C. Eickhoff

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Latent variable modeling is a multivariate technique commonly used in the social and behavioral sciences. The models used in such analysis relate all observed variables to latent common factors. In many situations, however, some outcome variables are in polytomous form while other outcomes are measured on a continuous scale. Maximum likelihood estimation for latent variable models with mixed polytomous and continuous outcomes is computationally intensive and may become difficult to implement in many applications. In this article, a computationally practical, yet efficient, Quasi- Maximum Likelihood approach for latent variable models with mixed continuous and polytomous variables is proposed. Asymptotic properties …

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Determination Of Optimal Block Designs With Pre-Assigned Variance For Elementary Contrasts, Seemon Thomas, Alex Thannippara, S. C. Bagui, D. K. Ghosh Nov 2005

Determination Of Optimal Block Designs With Pre-Assigned Variance For Elementary Contrasts, Seemon Thomas, Alex Thannippara, S. C. Bagui, D. K. Ghosh

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A method for obtaining optimal designs from the class of variance balanced and connected designs was developed for comparing treatment effects with a pre-assigned variance. The properties of the C-matrix of a block design are employed in developing this method. Some new results concerning the design parameters and the non-zero characteristic root of the C-matrix are also presented.

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Improving After-The-Fact Tracing And Mapping: Supporting Software Quality Predictions, Jane Huffman Hayes, Alex Dekhtyar, Senthil Sundaram Nov 2005

Improving After-The-Fact Tracing And Mapping: Supporting Software Quality Predictions, Jane Huffman Hayes, Alex Dekhtyar, Senthil Sundaram

Computer Science and Software Engineering

The software engineering industry undertakes many activities that require generating and using mappings. Companies develop knowledge bases to capture corporate expertise and possibly proprietary information. Software developers build traceability matrices to demonstrate that their designs satisfy the requirements. Proposal managers map customers' statements of work to individual sections of companies' proposals to prove compliance. Systems engineers authoring interface specifications record design rationales as they make relevant decisions. We developed an approach to tracing and mapping that aims to use fully automated information retrieval techniques, and we implemented our approach in a tool called RETRO (requirements tracing on target).

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The Archway Project: Architecture For Research In Computing For Humanities Through Research, Teaching, And Learning, Kevin Kiernan, Jerzy W. Jaromczyk, Alex Dekhtyar, Dorothy Carr Porter, Kenneth Hawley, Sandeep Bodapati, Ionut E. Iacob Nov 2005

The Archway Project: Architecture For Research In Computing For Humanities Through Research, Teaching, And Learning, Kevin Kiernan, Jerzy W. Jaromczyk, Alex Dekhtyar, Dorothy Carr Porter, Kenneth Hawley, Sandeep Bodapati, Ionut E. Iacob

Computer Science and Software Engineering

An unusual alliance called the ARCHway Project is developing an Edition Production Technology (EPT), a technological infrastructure for collaborative research, teaching, and learning between computer scientists and specialists in Old English. Our goal is to identify and solve problems of mutual importance in building image-based electronic editions of significant cultural materials. The EPT will allow us to implement and integrate both new and already available software applications, to construct a digital library of previously unedited Old English manuscripts as a testbed for our solutions, and to distribute the digital library to the public. This paper introduces some of the tools …

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Performance Of Binary-Encounter-Bethe (Beb) Theory For Electron-Impact Ionization Cross Sections Of Molecules Containing Heavy Elements (Z > 10), Gregory E. Scott, Karl K. Irikura Nov 2005

Performance Of Binary-Encounter-Bethe (Beb) Theory For Electron-Impact Ionization Cross Sections Of Molecules Containing Heavy Elements (Z > 10), Gregory E. Scott, Karl K. Irikura

Chemistry and Biochemistry

The binary-encounter-Bethe (BEB) theory developed by Kim and coworkers has been successful for computing electron-impact ionization cross sections of many molecules. However, some recent publications have stated that BEB theory performs poorly for molecules that contain heavier elements such as chlorine and sulfur. We have found that the BEB calculations in those publications were performed incorrectly. When performed correctly, BEB predictions are as good for heavy-element molecules as for light-element molecules. We recommended recently that an alternative, less-confusing procedure be used for molecules that contain heavier elements. The alternative procedure, based upon effective core potentials (ECPs), does not require explicit …

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Optimal Adaptation In Autonomic Web Processes With Inter-Service Dependencies, Kunal Verma, Prashant Doshi, Karthik Gomadam, John A. Miller, Amit P. Sheth Nov 2005

Optimal Adaptation In Autonomic Web Processes With Inter-Service Dependencies, Kunal Verma, Prashant Doshi, Karthik Gomadam, John A. Miller, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

We present methods for optimally adapting Web processes to exogenous events while preserving inter-service dependencies. For example, in a supply chain process, orders placed by the manufacturer may get delayed in arriving. In response to this event, the manufacturer has the choice of either waiting out the delay or changing the supplier.

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The Screech Owl Reasoner - Scalable Approximate Abox Reasoning With Owl, Pascal Hitzler, Denny Vrandecic Nov 2005

The Screech Owl Reasoner - Scalable Approximate Abox Reasoning With Owl, Pascal Hitzler, Denny Vrandecic

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

We present a preliminary version of the approximate OWL reasoning system SCREECH. It builds on the KAON2 system and performs OWL ABox reasoning in an approximate manner. It trades soundness of reasoning for efficiency, with resulting polynomial worst-case data complexity. It has been developed for use in time-critical applications where quick response time is more important than a full guarantee of correctness of answers. The theoretical background for the system is explained in [Hitzler and Vrandecic, 2005] and is being presented at the conference.

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Southern Utah Support Area Fire Management Plan Environmental Assessment, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management Nov 2005

Southern Utah Support Area Fire Management Plan Environmental Assessment, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Environmental Assessment (EA) documents results of an analysis of proposed changes to the current management of wildland fire and hazardous fuels for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Southern Utah Support Area (SUSA) planning area. Proposed revisions of the SUSA Fire Management Plan (FMP) serve as the Proposed Action for this EA. The revised FMP incorporates current planning requirements associated with fire management on public lands, including wildland fire suppression and fuel treatments. The EA analysis is designed to ensure compliance with National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). It allows determinations to be made as to whether any “significant” impacts, …

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Salt Lake Fire Management Plan Environmental Assessment, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management Nov 2005

Salt Lake Fire Management Plan Environmental Assessment, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Environmental Assessment (EA) has been prepared to document the results of an analysis of proposed changes to the current management of wildland fire and hazardous fuels for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Salt Lake Field Office. Proposed revisions of the Salt Lake Fire Management Plan (FMP) serve as the Proposed Action Alternative for this EA. The revised FMP incorporates current planning requirements associated with fire management on public lands, including wildland fire suppression and fuel treatments. The EA analysis is designed to ensure compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). It allows determinations to be made as …

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Moab Fire District Fire Management Plan: Environmental Assessment, U.S. Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management Nov 2005

Moab Fire District Fire Management Plan: Environmental Assessment, U.S. Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Environmental Assessment (EA) has been prepared to document results of an analysis of proposed changes to current management of wildland fire and hazardous fuels for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Division of Fire Management. The Division of Fire Management oversees all fire-related activities for the Moab, Monticello, and Price Field Offices, referred to in this document as the Moab Fire District. Proposed revisions of the Moab Fire District Fire Management Plan (FMP) serve as the Proposed Action for this EA. The revised FMP incorporates current planning requirements associated with fire management on public lands, including wildland fire suppression …

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On Improving Local Website Search Using Web Server Traffic Logs: A Preliminary Report, Qing Cui, Alex Dekhtyar Nov 2005

On Improving Local Website Search Using Web Server Traffic Logs: A Preliminary Report, Qing Cui, Alex Dekhtyar

Computer Science and Software Engineering

In this paper we give a preliminary report on our study of the use of web server traffic logs to improve local search. Web server traffic logs are, typically, private to individual websites and as such – are unavailable to traditional web search engines conducting searches across multiple web sites. However, they can be used to augment search performed by a local search engine, restricted to a single site. Web server traffic logs, which we will refer to as simply logs throughout this paper, contain information on traffic patterns on a web site. By using this information, instead of pure …

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Humans In The Traceability Loop: Can’T Live With ’Em, Can’T Live Without ’Em, Jane Huffman Hayes, Alex Dekhtyar Nov 2005

Humans In The Traceability Loop: Can’T Live With ’Em, Can’T Live Without ’Em, Jane Huffman Hayes, Alex Dekhtyar

Computer Science and Software Engineering

The human analyst is required as an active participant in the traceability process. Work to date has focused on automated methods that generate traceability information. There is a need for study of what the analysts do with traceability information as well as a study of how they make decisions.

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Chlorsulfuron, Ecological Risk Assessment, Final Report, Ensr International Nov 2005

Chlorsulfuron, Ecological Risk Assessment, Final Report, Ensr International

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), United States Department of the Interior (USDI), proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (US) and Alaska. As part of this program, the BLM is proposing the use of ten herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) to control invasive plants and noxious weeds on approximately one million of the 6 million acres proposed for treatment. The BLM and its contractor, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate this and other proposed vegetation …

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Diuron Ecological Risk Assessment, Bureau Of Land Management Nov 2005

Diuron Ecological Risk Assessment, Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The United States Department of the Interior (USDI) Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (US) and Alaska. As part of this program, the BLM is proposing the use of ten herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) to control invasive plants and noxious weeds on approximately one million of the 6 million acres proposed for treatment. The BLM and its contractor, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate this and other proposed …

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Diquat Ecological Risk Assessment, Final Report, Bureau Of Land Management Nov 2005

Diquat Ecological Risk Assessment, Final Report, Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The United States Department of the Interior (USDI) Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is proposing a program to treat vegetation on up to six million acres of public lands annually in 17 western states in the continental United States (US) and Alaska. As part of this program, the BLM is proposing the use of ten herbicide active ingredients (a.i.) to control invasive plants and noxious weeds on approximately one million of the 6 million acres proposed for treatment. The BLM and its contractor, ENSR, are preparing a Vegetation Treatments Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) to evaluate this and other proposed …

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