Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Probing Shielding Tensor Components Of Amino Acids Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Shiva Agarwal

Waldo Library Student Exhibits

Amino acids combine to form proteins in living organisms; most are chiral. On Earth amino acids appear only in the L- form, which is likely due to the amplification of enantiomeric excess (ee). However, a small ee for the L-form of amino acids has been observed in meteorites that have fallen on Earth. One possibility for this ee is the effect of antisymmetric components of the magnetic shielding tensor for 14N nuclei in amino acids, which in NMR manifests as the antisymmetric chemical shift (ACS). This can result in preferential destruction of their D-form through interactions with polarized leptons (e.g., …

A New Canvas Of Learning: Enhancing Formal Analysis Skills In Ap Art History Through Ai-Generated Islamic Art, Krista Carpino, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

This study explores the use of AI art generators to enhance formal analysis skills in AP Art History students, with a focus on Islamic Art and Architecture. Students, often entering the course with high academic achievements, find the unique challenge of articulating detailed visual descriptions of artworks. The study’s approach involves using AI image-generation websites, like wepik.com, where students create AI images resembling Islamic artworks studied in class. This method aims to refine their descriptive skills, focusing on visual evidence rather than relying on identifying details. The choice of Islamic Art, markedly different from other historical periods covered in the …

Assessing The Usability And Feasibility Of Digital Assistant Tools For Direct Support Professionals: Participatory Design And Pilot-Testing, Patrice Dolhonde Tremoulet, Andrea Lobo, Christina A. Simmons, Ganesh Baliga, Matthew Brady

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Background: The United States is experiencing a direct support professional (DSP) crisis, with demand far exceeding supply. Although generating documentation is a critical responsibility, it is one of the most wearisome aspects of DSPs’ jobs. Technology that enables DSPs to log informal time-stamped notes throughout their shift could help reduce the burden of end-of-shift documentation and increase job satisfaction, which in turn could improve the quality of life of the individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) whom DSPs support. However, DSPs, with varied ages, levels of education, and comfort using technology, are not likely to adopt tools that detract …

Bibliography For "Earth Day Display: Planet Vs Plastics: A Book Display Increasing The Awareness Of The Harms Of Plastic In Our Ecosystem", Arianna Tillman, Isabella Piechota, Kalea Brown

Library Displays and Bibliographies

A bibliography created to accompany a display about Earth Day, sustainability, and the harms of plastic during April 2024 at the Leatherby Libraries at Chapman University.

Multi-Aspect Rule-Based Ai: Methods, Taxonomy, Challenges And Directions Towards Automation, Intelligence And Transparent Cybersecurity Modeling For Critical Infrastructures, Iqbal H. Sarker, Helge Janicke, Mohamed A. Ferrag, Alsharif Abuadbba

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Critical infrastructure (CI) typically refers to the essential physical and virtual systems, assets, and services that are vital for the functioning and well-being of a society, economy, or nation. However, the rapid proliferation and dynamism of today's cyber threats in digital environments may disrupt CI functionalities, which would have a debilitating impact on public safety, economic stability, and national security. This has led to much interest in effective cybersecurity solutions regarding automation and intelligent decision-making, where AI-based modeling is potentially significant. In this paper, we take into account “Rule-based AI” rather than other black-box solutions since model transparency, i.e., human …

Nonstationary Recharge Responses To A Drying Climate In The Gnangara Groundwater System, Western Australia, Simone Gelsinari, Sarah Bourke, James Mccallum, Don Mcfarlane, Joel Hall, Richard Silberstein, Sally Thompson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The response of groundwater recharge to climate change needs to be understood to enable sustainable management of groundwater systems today and in the future, yet observations of recharge over long-enough time periods to reveal responses to climate trends are scarce. Here we present a meta-analysis of 60 years of recharge studies over the Gnangara Groundwater System of South-West Western Australia, covering a period of sustained drying consistent with climate change projections. The recharge process in the area is defined by a wet winter during which rain saturates a deep, highly permeable soil profile with very low water storage capacity. Measurements …

Matrix Profile Data Mining For Bgp Anomaly Detection, Ben A. Scott, Michael N. Johnstone, Patryk Szewczyk, Steven Richardson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), acting as the communication protocol that binds the Internet, remains vulnerable despite Internet security advancements. This is not surprising, as the Internet was not designed to be resilient to cyber-attacks, therefore the detection of anomalous activity was not of prime importance to the Internet creators. Detection of BGP anomalies can potentially provide network operators with an early warning system to focus on protecting networks, systems, and infrastructure from significant impact, improve security posture and resilience, while ultimately contributing to a secure global Internet environment. In this paper, we present a novel technique for the detection …

A Computer Vision Solution To Cross-Cultural Food Image Classification And Nutrition Logging​, Rohan Sethi, George K. Thiruvathukal

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

The US is a culturally and ethnically diverse country, and with this diversity comes a myriad of cuisines and eating habits that expand well beyond that of western culture. Each of these meals have their own good and bad effects when it comes to the nutritional value and its potential impact on human health. Thus, there is a greater need for people to be able to access the nutritional profile of their diverse daily meals and better manage their health. A revolutionary solution to democratize food image classification and nutritional logging is using deep learning to extract that information from …

Fluorescence Microscopy With Deep Uv, Near Uv, And Visible Excitation For In Situ Detection Of Microorganisms, Noel Case, Nikki Johnston, Jay Nadeau

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We report a simple, inexpensive design of a fluorescence microscope with light-emitting diode (LED) excitation for detection of labeled and unlabeled microorganisms in mineral substrates. The use of deep UV (DUV) excitation with visible emission requires no specialized optics or slides and can be implemented easily and inexpensively using an oblique illumination geometry. DUV excitation (<280 >nm) is preferable to near UV (365 nm) for avoidance of mineral autofluorescence. When excited with DUV, unpigmented bacteria show two emission peaks: one in the near UV ∼320 nm, corresponding to proteins, and another peak in the blue to green range, corresponding to …

Phys 401/801

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Phys 812

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Phys 142

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Phys 211h

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Phys 918

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Phys 926

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Normalized Ground State Of A Mixed Dispersion Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation With Combined Power-Type Nonlinearities, Zhouji Ma, Xiaojun Chang, Zhaosheng Feng

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

We study the existence of normalized ground state solutions to a mixed dispersion fourth-order nonlinear Schrodinger equation with combined power-type nonlinearities. By analyzing the subadditivity of the ground state energy with respect to the prescribed mass, we employ a constrained minimization method to establish the existence of ground state that corresponds to a local minimum of the associated functional. Under certain conditions, by studying the monotonicity of ground state energy as the mass varies, we apply the constrained minimization arguments on the Nehari-Pohozaev manifold to prove the existence of normalized ground state solutions.

Dronlomaly: Runtime Log-Based Anomaly Detector For Dji Drones, Wei Minn, Naing Tun Yan, Lwin Khin Shar, Lingxiao Jiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We present an automated tool for realtime detection of anomalous behaviors while a DJI drone is executing a flight mission. The tool takes sensor data logged by drone at fixed time intervals and performs anomaly detection using a Bi-LSTM model. The model is trained on baseline flight logs from a successful mission physically or via a simulator. The tool has two modules --- the first module is responsible for sending the log data to the remote controller station, and the second module is run as a service in the remote controller station powered by a Bi-LSTM model, which receives the …

Unleashing The Power Of Clippy In Real-World Rust Projects, Chunmiao Li, Yijun Yu, Haitao Wu, Luca Carlig, Shijie Nie, Lingxiao Jiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The error messages generated by the Rust compiler (rustc) are useful for developers to identify and diagnose suspicious code segments. Complementing the compiler, linters can also play an important role in promoting the adherence to certain coding style conventions and best practices. Prominent linters utilized in the Rust ecosystem include Clippy [1] and Rustfmt [2]. Among them, the Rust community particularly emphasizes on the importance of heeding the warnings provided by Clippy to mitigate common errors and promote the adoption of idiomatic conventions. Clippy provides a set of more than 600 lints in addition to the built-in rustc lints. These …

Bidirectional Paper-Repository Tracing In Software Engineering, Daniel Garijo, Miguel Arroyo, Esteban González Guardia, Christoph Treude, Nicola Tarocco

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

While computer science papers frequently include their associated code repositories, establishing a clear link between papers and their corresponding implementations may be challenging due to the number of code repositories used in research publications. In this paper we describe a lightweight method for effectively identifying bidirectional links between papers and repositories from both LaTeX and PDF sources. We have used our approach to analyze more than 14000 PDF and Latex files in the Software Engineering category of Arxiv, generating a dataset of more than 1400 paper-code implementations and assessing current citation practices on it.

Improving Automated Code Reviews: Learning From Experience, Hong Yi Lin, Patanamon Thongtanunam, Christoph Treude, Wachiraphan Charoenwet

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Modern code review is a critical quality assurance process that is widely adopted in both industry and open source software environments. This process can help newcomers learn from the feedback of experienced reviewers; however, it often brings a large workload and stress to reviewers. To alleviate this burden, the field of automated code reviews aims to automate the process, teaching large language models to provide reviews on submitted code, just as a human would. A recent approach pre-trained and fine-tuned the code intelligent language model on a large-scale code review corpus. However, such techniques did not fully utilise quality reviews …

Encoding Version History Context For Better Code Representation, Huy Nguyen, Christoph Treude, Patanamon Thongtanunam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

With the exponential growth of AI tools that generate source code, understanding software has become crucial. When developers comprehend a program, they may refer to additional contexts to look for information, e.g. program documentation or historical code versions. Therefore, we argue that encoding this additional contextual information could also benefit code representation for deep learning. Recent papers incorporate contextual data (e.g. call hierarchy) into vector representation to address program comprehension problems. This motivates further studies to explore additional contexts, such as version history, to enhance models' understanding of programs. That is, insights from version history enable recognition of patterns in …

Extracting Relevant Test Inputs From Bug Reports For Automatic Test Case Generation, Wendkuuni C. Ouédraogo, Laura Plein, Kader Kaboré, Andrew Habib, Jacques Klein, David Lo, Tegawende F. Bissyandé

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The pursuit of automating software test case generation, particularly for unit tests, has become increasingly important due to the labor-intensive nature of manual test generation [6]. However, a significant challenge in this domain is the inability of automated approaches to generate relevant inputs, which compromises the efficacy of the tests [6].

Seasonal Variability In Peak Flow Of Maine Rivers, Brianna L. Benson, Salfa Hendrix, Christopher Houdeshell, Emma Mae Hovencamp, Kaylee M. Perron, Wyeth Bird Purkiss

Research Learning Experiences (RLEs)

Questions and Hypotheses

• How has the timing of peak flow changed over time? ○ Hypothesis: Peak flow has moved earlier in the spring due to a warming climate melting snow earlier.

• How has the variation of flow changed over time?

○ Hypothesis: Flow has grown more

variable in more recent years due to an increase in more variable precipitation patterns, especially in the spring months.

Reevaluating The Origin Of Detectable Cataclysmic Variables In Globular Clusters: Testing The Importance Of Dynamics, Liliana Rivera Sandoval, Diogo Belloni, Miriam Ramos Arevalo

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Based on the current detectable cataclysmic variable (CV) population in Galactic globular clusters (GCs), we show that there is not a clear relation between the number of sources per unit of mass and the stellar encounter rate, the cluster mass, or the cluster central density. If any, only in the case of core-collapsed GCs could there be an anticorrelation with the stellar encounter rate. Our findings contrast with previous studies where clear positive correlations were identified. Our results suggest that correlations between faint X-ray sources, from which often conclusions for the CV population are drawn, and the GC parameters considered …

Physical And Chemical Methods To Assess Performance Of Tpo-Modified Asphalt Binder, Rebecca M. Herndon, Jay Balasubramanian, Klaus Woelk, Magdy Abdelrahman

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Demand for Effective Asphalt Additives is Growing as Road Infrastructure Ages and More Sustainable Pavement Solutions Are Needed. Tire Pyrolysis Oil (TPO) is an Example Material that Has Been Gaining Attention as a Potential Asphalt Additive. While Physical Performance Grade (PG) Temperatures Are the Predominant Performance Requirements for Asphalt Binders, Chemical Properties Are Also Significant in the Evaluation of Asphalt Performance. There is a Need to Chemically Characterize the Aging of Asphalt Binders Modified with TPO and Link Chemical Changes in Binder Components to Binder Performance. This Study Compares 2%, 4%, and 8% TPO and Asphalt Binder Blends Via …

Climate Change And Voluntary Private Land Conservation: A Case Study Of Working Lands For Wildlife, Abigail Thompson

School of Professional Studies

This case study examines the role, impact, and future of voluntary private land conservation (VPLC) programs, with a particular focus on the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Working Lands for Wildlife (WLFW) initiative. Climate change and population growth pose a significant threat to public land conservation, making alternative methods like WLFW increasingly important. WLFW is a relatively successful and well-received program, but it is still young and comparatively smaller than other VPLC programs operated by the government. Publications by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, WLFW partner organizations, and relevant scholarly articles were utilized in order to assess WLFW’s success independently and …

Optimal Selection And Investment-Allocation Decisions For Sustainable Supplier Development Practices, Chunguang Bai, Kannan Govindan, Dileep G. Dhavale

School of Business

Organization’s sustainability performance is influenced by its suppliers’ sustainability performance. This relationship makes sustainable supplier development a strategic competitive option for a buyer or focal organization. When considering sustainable supplier development practices (SSDPs) adoption, organizations have to balance and consider their limited financial resources and operational constraints. It becomes necessary to both select the best SSDPs set and investment allocation among the selected SSDP set such that the organization can maximize overall sustainability performance level. In this paper, an integrated formal modeling methodology using DEMATEL, the NK model, and multi-objective linear programming model is used support this objective. The proposed …

Structure, Dynamics, And Redox Reactivity Of An All-Purpose Flavodoxin, Sharique Khan, Ahmadullah Ansari, Monica Brachi, Debarati Das, Wassim El Housseini, Shelley Minteer, Anne Frances Miller

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Flavodoxin Of Rhodopseudomonas Palustris CGA009 (Rp9Fld) Supplies Highly Reducing Equivalents To Crucial Enzymes Such As Hydrogenase, Especially When The Organism Is Iron-Restricted. By Acquiring Those Electrons From Photodriven Electron Flow Via The Bifurcating Electron Transfer Flavoprotein, Rp9Fld Provides Solar Power To Vital Metabolic Processes. To Understand Rp9Fld's Ability To Work With Diverse Partners, We Solved Its Crystal Structure. We Observed The Canonical Flavodoxin (Fld) Fold And Features Common To Other Long-Chain Flds But Not All The Surface Loops Thought To Recognize Partner Proteins. Moreover, Some Of The Loops Display Alternative Structures And Dynamics. To Advance Studies Of Protein–protein Associations …

Convolutional Spiking Neural Networks For Intent Detection Based On Anticipatory Brain Potentials Using Electroencephalogram, Nathan Lutes, V. Sriram Siddhardh Nadendla, K. Krishnamurthy

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are receiving increased attention because they mimic synaptic connections in biological systems and produce spike trains, which can be approximated by binary values for computational efficiency. Recently, the addition of convolutional layers to combine the feature extraction power of convolutional networks with the computational efficiency of SNNs has been introduced. This paper studies the feasibility of using a convolutional spiking neural network (CSNN) to detect anticipatory slow cortical potentials (SCPs) related to braking intention in human participants using an electroencephalogram (EEG). Data was collected during an experiment wherein participants operated a remote-controlled vehicle on a testbed …

Parallelized Quadtrees For Image Compression In Cuda And Mpi, Aidan Jones

Senior Honors Theses

Quadtrees are a data structure that lend themselves well to image compression due to their ability to recursively decompose 2-dimensional space. Image compression algorithms that use quadtrees should be simple to parallelize; however, current image compression algorithms that use quadtrees rarely use parallel algorithms. An existing program to compress images using quadtrees was upgraded to use GPU acceleration with CUDA but experienced an average slowdown by a factor of 18 to 42. Another parallelization attempt utilized MPI to process contiguous chunks of an image in parallel and experienced an average speedup by a factor of 1.5 to 3.7 compared to …