Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Method Of Hybrid Control Based Of Dynamic Objects Of Neuro-Fuzzy Inference, Noilakhon Yakubova

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The Results of interaction of the work is development of a method of control that allows simplifying, automating and unifying the process of design of the hybrid systems which are a basis of modern automation. To achieve a definite purpose, a method of control of a technical object based on the construction of an adaptive system of neuro-fuzzy inference is developed. The objects of the system of neuro-fuzzy inference are the classical and neuro-fuzzy models of control. Information exchange between models is provided by means of the developed hybrid control system. The result of the interaction of the two models …

Application Of A Synergetic Approach To The Problem Of Synthesizing An Intelligent Control System For Chemical Reactors, Komil Usmanov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The article deals with the synthesis of effective algorithms for controlling a chemical reactor and developed a intelligent synergistic controller for a class of indefinite nonlinear dynamic systems. A synergetic control scheme is proposed for solving the control problem for nonlinear systems. Non-linear systems with configurations and parameters that change over time require a completely non-linear model and adaptive control scheme for a practical operating environment. The synthesis of control laws is performed by the method of analytical design of aggregated controllers (ADAR).

Analysis Of Digital Image Segmentation Algorithms, Khalilov Sirojiddin

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalaridan foydalanishni kengaytirish maqsadida raqamli tasvirni qayta ishlash usullari va algoritmlari tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada, shuningdek, raqamli tasvirni qayta ishlash, tasvirni segmentatsiyalash usullari, WaterShed, MeanShift, FloodFill, GrabCut algoritmlarining afzalliklari va kamchiliklari o'rganiladi.

Development Of The Implementation Of Iot Monitoring System Based On Node-Red Technology, Anvar Kabulov, Inomjon Yarashov, Salamat Mirzataev

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

This article describes how to design and implement a process for storing environmental information in a database using the Internet of Things. The problems that need to be solved with the help of this IoT system are the growing demand for forecasts in the world, the demand of the world market for a new sustainable method of implementing the digitization environment through the Internet of Things. The design was implemented using Arduino, Node-Red and sensors, selected when choosing a component based on the required parameters and sent to the database for monitoring and processing. A study of previous work and …

Theoretical Features Of Foreign Systems Of Preschool Education, Ayjamal Bazarbaeva

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

This article analyzes the features of preschool education systems in foreign countries. The positive experience and features of some systems are highlighted. Comparison of domestic and foreign systems of preschool education is carried out.

Low-Temperature Luminescence Spectrum Of A Fine-Grained Cdte Layer In A Film Heterostructure N-Cds/P-Cdte, N. Kh Yuldashev

Scientific-technical journal

It is shown that the spectrum of low-temperature (4.2 K) edge photoluminescence of a thin and fine-grained (h,d=1mkm) polycrystalline CdTe layer in an n-CdS/p-CdTe film heterostructure upon frontal excitation by an Ar+ laser with a flux power of -4.8 mW/mm² consists of the dominant А - lines of intrinsic (e-h) emission with a half-width6-8 meV and a short-wavelength shift 30 meV of the red boundary relative to Eg , its LO-phonon repetition (B-lines, 40meV) and a broad D-line (40 meV) of surface-interface luminescence with a maximum at a frequency of 150eV. The back illumination of the photoresistive CdS layer …

Theoretical Aspects Of Calculation Of Photocurrent In Structures With Periodically Spaced Heterinclusions, R. Аyukhanov, A. Uteniyazov, S. Farmonov, N. Shernazarov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The processes of excitation of photoconductivity in structures with heteroinclusions with a band gap greater than the band gap of the base material of the matrix have been studied. Structures are studied when such macroinclusions are located periodically and are located at distances equal to the size of the inclusions. A technique has been developed and analytical expressions have been derived for calculating the photocurrent and specific photoconductivity in such structures.

Injection Depletion Effect In Semiconductors With Pair Impurity Complexes, A. Yu. Leyderman, A. Uteniyazov, R. Turmanova, M. Dauletbayev

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The possibility of realizing the effect of injection depletion in a ⁺ -structure made on the basis of a semiconductor with paired donor-acceptor complexes is considered. It is shown that the appearance of this effect is possible under conditions of almost complete compensation of the shallow dopant donor impurity by the charge of the acceptor component of the pair complex. A necessary condition is also a strong asymmetry of the coefficients of capture of holes at the acceptor level in comparison with the coefficient of capture of electrons at the donor level.

Nonlinear Photoelasticity Processes Near Resonances At The Frequency Of Electronic Transitions From Deep Levels To The Conduction Zone, R. Аyukhanov, A. Uteniyazov, S. Farmonov, N. Shernazarov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The phenomenon of nonlinear photoelasticity, which consists of the occurrence of nonlinear photoelasticity coefficients comparable in magnitude to linear ones near the electronic resonance between the deep impurity levels and the bottom of the conduction zone, is considered theoretically. Analytical expressions for the Fourier decomposition coefficients of the dielectric permittivity of the crystal in the phase of the sound wave, which are proportional to the photoelasticity coefficients, are obtained. A general criterion for the nonlinear photoelasticity effect in the investigated frequency region is found numerically. It is shown that high deformation potentials of deep levels stimulate the appearance of this …

High-Octane Gasoline Production Processes Using Catalysts Containing Platinum, Dilnoza Mauletbayevna Ametova, Duysenbay Xojabayevich Abdikamalov, Edil Abilov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The catalytic reforming process is designed to increase the detonation resistance of gasolines and to obtain individual aromatic hydrocarbons, mainly benzene, toluene, xylenes - petrochemical feedstocks. It is important to obtain a cheap hydrogen-containing gas in the process for use in other hydrocatalytic processes. The importance of catalytic reforming processes in oil refining increased significantly in the 1990s. due to the need to produce unleaded high-octane gasoline

Trends In The Development Of Industrial Sector Of Uzbekistan, Bakhtiyar Kalmuratov, Aydos Bekbosinov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The article presents the main directions of industrial transformation at the new stage of economic reforms in 2016-2020. The key achievements during this period in the development of manufacturing industry production and exports, the development of industrial and territorial structures, and the improvement of market mechanisms for the development of commodity markets are highlighted.

Socio-Economic Factors Of Environmental Problems, Manzura Kamalova, D. Shakenov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

People consciously and intensively rebuild their nature according to their own needs, creating rural and urban areas in which they live. People care about the quality of life in the context of the unity of nature and culture. Social is a relatively new discipline that deals with urban space and environmental issues. One way to imagine what is beneficial to people is to find out what is economically best for the person. The article examines the economic factors that form the attitude towards social ecology in Kazakhstan. The article concludes that society should cooperate to achieve common things, both for …

Numerical Study Of Highly Efficient Centrifugal Cyclones, Murodil Madaliev

Scientific-technical journal

Centrifugal cyclones have been developing for 100 years, while the efficiency of all cyclones for fine dust does not increase by 80%. The widespread use of cyclones in all branches of industrial production is determined by the simplicity of the design and sufficient reliability in operation. Along with this, the process carried out in a cyclone presents a complex scientific problem that has not been solved from the standpoint of aerohydromechanics. This is confirmed by various cyclone designs. Currently, the efficiency of cyclone cleaning of technological flows does not meet the requirements of sanitary standards and largely determines the level …

Directions For The Development Of Personal Subsidiary Farms And Increasing Sources Of Income In The Future, Yakupov Kabil

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

This article discusses the features of the development of personal subsidiary farms in modern conditions, defines their functions in the agrarian economy and in the life of society as a whole. Modern agrarian policy provides for the development of various forms of management, including personal subsidiary farms. Personal subsidiary farms are an organic part of the agricultural sectors and make a significant contribution to solving the food problem of the country. The provision of the population with food products is carried out by personal subsidiary farms through their own consumption, as well as the sale of surplus products.

Sufficient Condition For The Possibility Of Completing The Pursuit, Nodirbek Umrzaqov

Scientific Bulletin. Physical and Mathematical Research

In this paper, the problem of chase is represented by a system of linear differential equations of motion dynamics. In this case, there is an integral limit to the control parameter of the evader, and a geometric limit to the control parameter of the pursuer. The pursuer is allowed to use the control that the fugitive has used so far to build his control. There are enough conditions for the game to end even if it starts from any starting point. An algorithm for constructing the control function of the pursuer is defined. It should also be noted that the …

Study Of The Geometric Structure Of Low-Atomic Copper Clusters Using Computer Simulation, Nodirbek Ikromjonovich Ibrokhimov

Scientific-technical journal

In this work, we investigated the geometric structure of small neutral copper clusters with low energy using the MD (Molecular Dynamics) method. When calculating the processes of interatomic interaction, we used a potential EAM (Embedded-atom method). A computer model of Cu_n (n = 2-13) clusters has been created. The geometric shapes of the Cu₂, Cu₃, Cu₄, Cu₅, Cu₆, Cu₇, Cu₈, Cu₉, Cu₁₀, Cu₁₁, Cu₁₂, and Cu₁₃ clusters have been studied and the structural parameters (Cu-Cu bond …

Consolidation Of Mobile Sands With Ameliorants And Phytomelioration, Sharibay Toremuratov, Bakhtiyar Ismailov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The results of even a few experiments show the possibility of obtaining a tangible effect when jointly carrying out chemical reclamation and phytomelioration. Reliable habitation of plants is a guarantee of further long-term stopping of the movement of sand and improvement of the ecological situation.

Thus, the sand-fixing crust obtained by this method simultaneously performs several functions: it stops the movement of sand, reduces dust removal, creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of vegetation, contributes to the emergence of soil structures, the accumulation of humus, etc.

Numerical Study Of Laminar Flow In A Suddenly Expanding Channel, Murodil Madaliev

Scientific-technical journal

The article presents the results of a numerical study of the flow structure in a flat channel in the zone of its sudden expansion in the form of a ledge. The calculations are based on the numerical solution of a system of non-stationary equations using Navier-Stokes. The results of the longitudinal velocity profiles in various sections of the channel after the ledge are obtained. For the difference approximation of the initial equations, the control volume method was used, and the relationship between velocities and pressure was found using the SIMPLE procedure. For the numerical solution of this problem, the McCormack …

Photo-Tensoelectric Properties Of Thin Polycrystalline Cdte, Cdse, Cds Films Obtained By Portional Thermal Evaporation In A Vacuum, T I. Rakhmonov, N Kh Yuldashev

Scientific-technical journal

Some issues of improving the technology of obtaining thin-film (d»1.0 μm) elements with anomalous photovoltaic properties from cadmium chalcogenides by thermal evaporation in vacuum and in separate portions on transparent dielectric substrates are considered in the given article. The experimental results of studying the current-voltage, lux-ampere, lux-voltage and deformation characteristics of CdTe, CdSe, CdS polycrystalline films are analyzed. It is shown that the obtained samples have linear I - V, L - A, temperature (T≈120-320 K) and deformation characteristics (ε≈-3‧10^-5¸3‧10^-3 arb. units). Therefore, they can serve as promising photocells for …

Methodology For Solving The Radiation Problem Proposed By Planck In Physics On The Basis Of The Principle Of Consistency, Raygul Khozhanazarova

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

1. www.quantumphysics.iop.org
2. М. Planck. Verhandl. Dtsch. phys. Ges., 1900, 2, 237-245. М. Planck. Ann. Phys., 1901, 4, 553-563.
3. M. Planck, Zur Theorie des Gesetzes der Energieverteilung im Normalspektrum, ibid., 237-245 (1900)/
4. M. Planck. Uber des Gesetz der Energieverteilung im Normalspektrum, Ann. d.Phys. 4, 553—563 (1901).
5. Maks Plank. 1858-1958: Sb. k stoletiyu so dnya rozhdeniya Maksa Planka / Pod red. A. F. Ioffe i A. T. Grigor'yana. M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1958. 276 p.
6. L. Boltzmann. Populare Schriften. Leipzig 1905, p. 227.
7. M.Plank. Vvedeniye v teoreticheskuyu fiziku. Chast' pyataya. Teoriya teploty. Ob"yedinennoye nauchno-tekhnicheskoye izdatel'stvo NKTP SSSR. Glavnaya redaktsiya obshchetekhnicheskoy literatury i nomografii. …

Language And Communication In Social Networks Of Information Society, Ravshan Xudoyberganov

The Light of Islam

This article analyzes the socio-philosophical and methodological aspects of the problems and prospects of language and communication in an information society. The paper notes that the communicative process is the process of formation and development of all social spheres. Language and communication provide communication between people. We know that language is of great importance as a means of communication. Language and means of communication give us a dialogic or interactive form of communication. In an information society, language and communication are a unique form of cultural, historically conditioned spiritual communication between people. The means of communication, in turn, depend on …

Photoluminescence Spectra Of Silicon Doped With Cadmium, N A. Sultanov, E T. Rakhimov, Z Mirzajonov, F T. Yusupov

Scientific-technical journal

Cadmium and zinc, as transition metals, are deep-level impurities (DL) and have a significant effect on the electrical, photoelectric, recombination, and other properties of semiconductor crystals.This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the optical and electrical properties of silicon crystals containing impurity atoms of cadmium and zinc using DLTS and low-temperature photoluminescence (PL).

Infinite Peirce Distribution In The Algebra Of Compact Operators And Description Of Its Local Au-Tomorphisms, Farhodjon N. Arzikulov, Rejabboy Qo’Shaqov

Scientific Bulletin. Physical and Mathematical Research

In the present paper the infinite Peirce decomposition of the algebra 𝐾(𝐻) of com-pact operators on an infinite dimensional separable Gilbert space 𝐻 is constructed, using the norm of the algebra 𝐾(𝐻) and a maximal family of mutually or-thogonal minimal projections, i.e., self-adjoint,idempotent elements. The infinite Peirce decompo-sition on the norm of a 𝐶∗-algebra is also con-structed in 2012 by the first author. But, it turns, the condition, applied then, is not sufficient for the infi-nite Peirce decomposition on the norm constructed in 2012 to be an algebra. Therefore, in the present paper, the infinite Peirce decomposition on the norm …

Local And 2-Local Derivations On Octonion Algebras, Allayar Allambergenov

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

The present paper is devoted to study of local and 2-local derivations on octonion algebras. We shall give a general form of local derivations on the real octonion algebra \[{\mathbb{O}_\mathbb{R}}.\] This description implies that the space of all local derivations on \[{\mathbb{O}_\mathbb{R}}\] when equipped with Lie bracket is isomorphic to the Lie algebra \[\mathfrak{s}{\mathfrak{o}_7}(\mathbb{R})\] of all real skew-symmetric \[7 \times 7\]-matrices. We also consider \[2\]-local derivations on an octonion algebra \[{\mathbb{O}_\mathbb{F}}\] over an algebraically closed field \[\mathbb{F}\] of the characteristic zero and prove that every \[2\]-local derivation on \[{\mathbb{O}_\mathbb{F}}\] is a derivation. Further, we apply these results to similar problems …

Effect Of Excess Tellurium And Lead On Defor-Mation - Characteristics Of Polycrystalline Pbte Films, Yu.Yu. Vaitkus, Otajonov Salimjon

Scientific Bulletin. Physical and Mathematical Research

In this work, we studied the ef-fect of excess tellurium and lead on the defor-mation characteristics of polycrystalline PbTe films obtained on different substrates. It was found that the resistance of the films first increases and reach-es a maximum, and with a further increase in the level of deformation, it decreases and the sign of the tensile resistance begins to change, which are associated with the presence of internal stresses in the films. It was also shown that with an increase in the amount of lead in the composition of the PbTe film, the electrical conductivity increases in com-parison with …

Structure And Electrophysical Properties Of A Solid Solution (Gaas1-Δbiδ)1-X-Y(Ge2)X(Znse)Y, S.Z. Zainabidinov, I.N. Karimov, Hotamjon Mansurov, Akramjon Boboev, Dilkhayotjon Pulatjon Ugli Abdurakhimov

Scientific Bulletin. Physical and Mathematical Research

This paper shows the possibility of growing a single-crystal solid solution of substitution (GaAs1-δBiδ)1-x-y(Ge2)x(ZnSe)y on GaAs substrates by liquid-phase epitaxy from a bismuthcontaining solution-melt. The grown films had a ptype of conductivity with a current carrier concentration of 1,86·1017 сm-3, a mobility of р = 300 cm2/V·s, and a resistivity of 0,13 Ohms·cm. Structural studies have shown that the epitaxial films have a sphalerite structure of the ZnS type and are monocrystalline with an orientation of (100). The crystal lattice parameter of the film was af = 0,56697 nm. Studies of current-voltage characteris-tics of n-GaAs – p-(GaAs1-δBiδ)1-x-y(Ge2)x(ZnSe)y heterostructures at different …

Simulation Of Self-Heating Effect In Mosfet Based On 2d Mos2, Atabek E. Atamuratov, Xushnudbek Sh. Saparov, A Yusupov, Frank Schwierz

Scientific Bulletin. Physical and Mathematical Research

One of the main trends of today's electronics is the decreasing the sizes of MOSFET up to nanometer scale. In this connection there are two main views to the perspective of scaling. According to one of them limit of scaling is reached at sizes 10 nm order, however according to second view, still there are opportunity to decrease transistor to more lower sizes. In accordance with second approach it is suggested to continue the size scaling by modification the transistor structure or by using the new materials, particularly one or two dimensional materials. One of such suggestions is the designing …

Method Of Characteristics For Solving The Problem Of Gas Outflow From An Elementary Sec-Tion Of A Gas Pipeline, Madaminjon K. Mahkamov, S.S. Akhmadjonov, I.K. Khujaev

Scientific Bulletin. Physical and Mathematical Research

Numerous problems based on equations of hyperbolic type are solved by the method of characteristics when boundary conditions of the first, second and third kinds are set on the boundary. These include, in particular, the problems of pipeline transportation of various media. The quasi-one-dimensional equations of conservation of mass and momentum are linearized and separate equations are drawn up for a specific indicator (flow rate, gas pressure) of the process. This approach is associated with the tradition of forming boundary conditions and solving problems only with respect to a specific indicator, in particu-lar, with respect to pressure, velocity, and flow …

Electrophysical Properties Of Supercapacitor On The Basis Of New Gel Polymer Electrolyte, J.A. Shodmanov, Azamat Boymirzaev

Scientific Bulletin. Physical and Mathematical Research

The results showed a slight increase in internal resistance under the influence of bending and confirmed that the equivalent circuit model of electrons did not change under bending conditions as indicated in graphically illustrated the results by cyclic voltamperometry (TsV) at a scanning speed of 10 mV / s under the above bending angles of the SK prepared on the basis of PG 10 GPE. From ex-periments we found that the shapes are almost rec-tangular, with no redox peaks observed. We can see that the area of the TsV curves changes slightly as the bending angle increases, but this does …

Influence Of A Strong Magnetic Field On Fermi Energy Oscillations In Two-Dimensional Semiconductor Materials, Gafur Gulyamov, Ulugbek Inayatillyevich Erkaboev, Rustam Gulomzhonovich Rakhimov, Nozimjon Sayidov Sayidov, Jasurbek Mirzaev

Scientific Bulletin. Physical and Mathematical Research

This article discusses the effect of a quantizing magnetic field and temperature on Fermi energy oscillations in nanoscale semiconductor materials. A generalized mathematical expression is obtained for calculating the dependence of the Fermi energy oscillations on the magnetic field, temperature, and thickness of the quantum well. It is shown that the Fermi energy in nanoscale semiconductor materials under a quantizing magnetic field is quantized. The proposed theory explains the experimental results in two-dimensional semiconductor structures with a parabolic dispersion law.