Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Rodent Density And Species Composition In The Snake River Birds Of Prey Natural Area, Idaho, Jon R. Montan Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rodent densities were estimated in the major vegetation types of the Snake River Birds of Prey Natural Area in 1975 and 1976 by a combination of live-trapping and kill-trapping. Only deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were numerous enough to permit reliable density estimates. Relative densities of other rodent species were indicated by kill-trap capture rates. Densities of deer mice correlated well (r = 0.99) with kill-trap capture rates. The use of kill-trapping in place of live-trapping in 1976 permitted extensive sampling throughout the 1930 km² study area. Differences were found among the major vegetation and land-use types in …

Seasonal Course Of Root Respiration In Atriplex Confertifolia, Richard S. Holthausen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Root respiratory response of mature Atriplex confertifolia plants growing in established communities was measured during two growing seasons using freshly excised root segments and gas chromatography techniques. Respiratory response at fixed test temperatures changed significantly during the growing season, and this pattern of respiratory adjustment varied for root segments located at different depths in the soil profile. Respiration measured at a constant test temperature was highest during early sumner, and declined to minimum values in late summer and fall. Root segments taken from the top 30 cm of the soil profile displayed peak activity several weeks before root segments from …

The Effect Of Four Mine Spoil Treatments On The Seedling Water Relations Of Two Plant Species, Lorraine K. Van Kekerix

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Surface mines in mountainous areas cause environmental deterioration at lower elevations in the watershed. The most successful long term solution to the downstream problem is revegetation. However, mine spoils are low in essential plant nutrients, have low water holding capacity, and are often acidic. These factors limit plant colonization. Plants must also be adapted to the environmental conditions of high elevations.

At the McLaren Mine, }1ontana, at 2800 m, it was observed that seedlings on revegetation plots were desiccated, indicating possible water deficits. Field and growth chamber studies were carried out to determine the effects of some spoil ameliorating treatments …

Biological Manipulation Of Blackbrush (Coleogyne Ramosissima Torr.) By Browsing With Goats, Frederick D. Provenza

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to provide data on responses of Angora goats and blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima) to a biological manipulation program. Blackbrush utilization levels averaged 30, 16, and 6 percent (545, 367, and 147 kg per hectare) for the heavily, moderately, and lightly browsed pastures, respectively; removal rates of 77, 38, and 19 percent (1164, 582, and 291 kg per hectare) were projected.

Statistically significant differences in body weight loss (P=0.052) were noted for goats browsing in different replications. Goats lost an average of 14 and 19 percent of body weight in replications one and two, …

Evaluation Of Some Soil Loss Equations For Predicting Sheet Erosion, Douglas Joseph Trieste

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objectives of this study were (a) to apply sediment and associated plot data from various infiltrometer studies to the parameters in the Universal Soil Loss Equation, a modified version of the original Musgrave Equation, and a modified version of the original Universal Soil Loss Equation, and compare the computed results with the measured soil loss, (b) to suggest reasons for any differences between computed and measured soil loss, and (c) to suggest improvements for each equation so that it will give results near the measured soil loss. The data used consisted of 2805 infiltrometer plots collected by previous researchers …

Leaf Epidermal Transmittance Of Ultraviolet Radiation And Its Implication For Plant Sensitivity To Ultraviolet-Radiation Injury, Ronald Robberecht

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Leaf epidermal transmittance of ultraviolet radiation (280-400 nm) was examined in several plant species to determine the capability of the epidermis to attenuate solar ultraviolet radiation. Epidermal samples were mechanically isolated and examined with a spectroradiometer/integrating sphere for transmittance. A survey of 25 species exposed to natural insolation was conducted. Although the species differed in life form, habitat type, and epidermal characteristics, epidermal transmittance was generally less than 10%. Ultraviolet radiation was attenuated 95 to 99% in more than half of the species. In 16 species, flavonoid and related pigments in the epidermis accounted for 20 to 57% of the …

Structural Geology Of Cutler Dam Quadrangle And Northern Part Of Honeyville Quadrangle, Utah, Douglas A. Sprinkel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The mapped area is located in the north-central part of Utah. The northern part of the mapped area is located in the Basin and Range province and the southern part of the mapped area is located in the Middle Rocky Mountain province. The north-south and east-west dimensions of the mapped area are 11.1 miles and 5.1 miles, respectively.

Paleozoic rocks are exposed in Bear River Narrows, in Cache Butte Divide, and in the Wellsville Mountains. Paleozoic strata, in Bear River Narrows, dip west. The Ordovician Swan Peak Formation crops out in the eastern part of Bear River Narrows. It is …

Positive Controllability Of Systems With Nearly-Non-Negative Matrices, Theodore Sonne Perry

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper analyzes the controllability of constant coefficient linear differential equations and presents two proofs of a major theorem on controllability. Properties of nearly-non-negative matrices are discussed and in particular a theorem on the behavior of the exponential matrix of nearly-non-negative matrices is proven. These results are then used to prove that the reachable set for systems with nearly-non-negative matrices is limited to the positive hyperoctant.

Interpretation And Application Of Elements Of Differential Geometry And Lie Theory, James R. Brannan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Basic concepts of differential geometry and Lie theory are introduced. Lie transformation groups are applied to linear systems of differential equations and the problem of describing rigid body orientation. Linear Hamiltonian systems are then treated as a Lie system of differential equations. This theory is applied to a particular Hamiltonian system arising from a problem in control theory, the linear state regulator problem.

Shooting Method For Two-Point Boundary Value Problems, John D. Baumann

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper is to develop the shooting method as a technique for approximating the solution to the two-point boundary value problem on the interval [a,b] with the even order differential equation {i.e. n is even)

u⁽ⁿ⁾(t) + f(t, u(t), u⁽ⁱ⁾(t, ),..., u^(n-1)(t)) = 0

and boundary conditions

u(a) = A

u(b) = B

and with at most n-2 other boundary conditions specified at either a or b. The basic proceedure will be illustrated by the following example.

Consider the two-point boundary value problem (0.1) (0.2) (0.3) with the additional boundary conditions …

Quaternary Geomorphic Features Of The Bear River Range, North-Central Utah, Jerome Vernon Degraff

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Bear River Range, in north-central Utah, contains a variety of geomorphic elements influenced by the geologic setting and events. Controlling factors of the geologic setting include: (1) a syncline (west) and an anticline with a crestal graben (east) within the part of the mountain range studied, and an adjacent graben valley along the west side of the range; and (2) bedrock of Precambrian and Paleozoic age in the core of the range, predominantly of shallow-marine carbonates and covered in the graben by shaly and conglomeratic rocks of early Cenozoic age, with fanglomerates and lake deposits of later Cenozoic age. …

Some Aspects Of The Salinity Of Mancos Shale And Mancos Derived Soils, James C. Whitmore

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Initial studies to determine the thermodynamic solubility product (K_sp) of gypsum and CaCO₃ were conducted. The influence of different electrolyte salts at different concentrations upon the solubility of gypsum and CaCO₃ was then tested. Analytical data was utilized in conjunction with a computer to calculate the activity of CaCO₃ and gypsum, the ion pair concentration and the solubility product. Indifferent salts increased the solubility of gypsum and CaCO₃, and salts with a common ion decreased the solubility of gypsum and CaCO₃.

Lithium was found to be the dominant monovalent cation present …

Dikes Of The Clear Creek Area, Wasatch Plateau, Utah, William Dennis Thomas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The area, covered by this report, includes about 108 square miles in the northeastern part of the Wasatch Plateau in central Utah. Clear Creek, Utah, is near the center of the area.

Stratigraphy of the area is characterized by 18,000 to 20,000 feet of sedimentary rocks above the Precambrian basement. The oldest exposed stratigraphic unit is the 11ancos Formation of late Cretaceous age; the youngest exposed stratigraphic unit is the North Horn Formation of Cretaceous-Tertiary age. The sedimentary rocks are mainly sandstone, shale, and coal. Sandstone and shale are the most abundant.

Structure of the area is characterized by folds …

Population Dynamics And Harvest Of Canada Geese In Utah, John Tautin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A twenty-one year (1952-72) accumulation of banding data for Canada geese in Utah was studied to determine the distribution and chronology of the harvest of the geese and the effects that hunting regulations have had upon harvests and population parameters. The banding data were also used in an attempt to develop a population model capable of predicting population trends and desirable survival rates.

Within Utah, the bulk of the annual harvest (78 percent) takes place in the northern portion of the State in the vicinity of the Great Salt Lake marshes. In Northern Utah the harvest peaks on the opening …

Modeling Spring Wheat Production As Influenced By Climate And Irrigation, V. Philip Rasmussen Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A model has been developed that predicts spring wheat grain and dry matter yield. Preliminary tests show very favorable results when predicting grain yield in two different climatic regimes, one being a dryland and another being an irrigated area. The strengths of the model lie in its simplicity, relatively available input data, and low computer processing time cost. Weakness of the model stem from the assumptions that allow its simplicity. The basic assumption in the model is that grain and dry matter yield can be related to the ratio of actual to potential transpiration, computed for each of five phenological …

Albedo Of The Earth's Surface -- A Comparison Of Measurements Taken On The Ground And From Flying Platforms, Frank D. Eaton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The main objectives of this study were to develop the intricacies of reflected solar radiation from different natural surfaces and to show comparisons between values sensed in space of emergent radiation to ground values obtained from accounting for anisotropic reflection and estimating the effect of the intervening atmosphere. Thus, this study demonstrated that a prior knowledge of the angular distribution of reflected radiation allows determining the true hemispherical reflected radiation from a narrow field of view instrument such as found on a flying platform. Measurements for determining the indicatrices were made from a tower-mounted Nimbus MRIR and, in one case, …

A Model For Designing Surface Drainage Systems In Nearly Level Agricultural Lands, Rafael Maria Rojas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The increasing demand for reclamation of periodically waterlogged nearly level agricultural lands in humid tropical areas and the hazard of soil deterioration and soil moisture balance disturbances by current land forming methods suggests the need for investigations of new surface drainage design procedures. This report presents a rainfall-runoff model for simulating hydrographs from ungaged agricultural plots. The model is based on routing procedures and utilizes common soil and hydrologic data. Tests made with several small agricultural water-sheds indicate that the model could be a useful tool in simulating surface drainage design.

Input data for the model consists of (a) rainfall …

Feeding Behavior Of Pen Reared Mule Deer Under Winter Range Conditions, Michael A. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined the feeding responses of mule deer to a system of spring livestock grazing. The specific purposes were 1) to determine botanical composition of diets selected by mule deer on a winter range subjected to previous spring grazing by sheep compared to one with no sheep grazing and 2) to develop a basis for predicting selection of individual plants by deer, based on physical characteristics of the plants and the species and physical proximity of associated plants.

The study was conducted within the framework of a completely randomized experimental design with two treatments. Variables controlled for each unit …

Forage Selection And Nutrition Of Sheep And Goats Grazing In The Tunisian Pre-Sahara, Rudolfo Ricardo Griego

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nomadic pastoralism has been the traditional method of utilizing grazing resources in arid and semi-arid regions of Africa. However, increased sedentarization accompanied by growing human and animal populations during the past two decades is thought to be accelerating the desertification process, or desert expansion. The specific interactions of the grazing animal with this process has been speculated upon but not studied in detail. A comparative study was initiated during the spring grazing season of 1974 to determine sheep and goat nutritional and production responses, as well as patterns of vegetative selection and utilization under the pastoral system currently employed in …

The Accuracy Of Soil Mapping Units Of Certain Pachic And Cumulic Soils In Northern Utah, Behjat Badamchian

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of mapping of pachic and cumulic soils in Cache County. The soil maps that were used for this study as the basemap were the Atlas sheets of the published soil survey of Cache County.

Five map units from Mendou, Nebeker, Avon, Hendricks and Winn which include almost 52 percent of the pachic and cumulic soils in the survey area were selected for this study. These five soils cover large areas when compared to other soil series and they are distributed throughout the county. All these map units were recognized as …

Irrigation Scheduling Program For Sugarcane, Terence L. Pearse

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An estimate of potential evapotranspiration is acquired to implement an irrigation scheduling program. Four equations, which estimate potential evapotranspiration (evaporation) were evaluated for prediction of Class "A" Pan evaporation. The equations used were Penman's combination equation, the Jensen-Haise temperature and radiation equation, and two of the Christiansen-Hargreaves polynomial regression type equations. Measured and calculated radiation was used together with two values of albedo. Four years of daily climate data from Rhodesia was evaluated by general linear regression methods.

Despite the significant variations between the four annual regression lines of each equation, the use of confidence intervals indicate that the Penman …

Nutritional Quality And Herbage Production Of Intermediate Wheatgrass (Agropyron Intermedium [Host] Beauv.) When Infested With Black Grass Bugs (Labops Hesperius Uhler), Alan M. Gray

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two intermediate wheatgrass seedings with different levels of grass bug infestation were evaluated for herbage production, seedhead production, percent dry matter, crude protein, and cell contents. Study sites were located at different elevations on mountain summer ranges in northern (Site I) and central (Site II) Utah. Study plots at Site I and Site II were infested with 113 and 210 bugs per sweep, respectively. Herbage production appeared to be reduced in early spring on the site with the higher infestation; however, no effect on season-long herbage production could be detected on either site. Seedhead production on infested plots was reduced …

Structural Geology Of Eastern Part Of The Malad Summit Quadrangle, Idaho, Jay Nevin Shearer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The mapped area represents the eastern three-fourths of the Malad Summit Quadrangle, Idaho. It lies mainly in the Bannock Range of southeastern Idaho. The northern and southern margins of the area are 25.5 miles and 17.0 miles, respectively, north of the Idaho-Utah State Line.

The Caddy Canyon Formation of Late Precambrian age is the oldest exposed stratigraphic unit. The youngest unit, exclusively of Precambrian age, is the Mutual Formation. The Brigham Formation is considered to be of Late Precambrian to Early Cambrian(?) age. Younger formations of Cambrian to Silurian age are present. The Precambrian units, as well as the Brigham, …

An Evaluation Of Truncated Sequential Test, Ryh-Thinn Chang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The development of sequential analysis has led to the proposal of tests that are more economical in that the Average Sample Number (A. S. N.) of the sequential test is smaller than the sample size of the fixed sample test. Although these tests usually have a smaller A. S. N. than the equivelent fixed sample procedure, there still remains the possibility that an extremely large sample size will be necessary to make a decision. To remedy this, truncated sequential tests have been developed.

A method of truncation for testing a composite hypotheses is studied. This method is formed by mixing …

A Study Of Four Statistics, Used In Analysis Of Contingency Tables, In The Presence Of Low Expected Frequencies, Jane R. Post

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Four statistics used for the analysis of categorical data were observed in the presence of many zero cell frequencies in two way classification contingency tables. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of many zero cell frequencies upon the distribution properties of each of the four statistics studied. It was found that Light and Margolin's C and Pearson's Chi-square statistic closely approximated the Chi-square distribution as long as less than one-third of the table cells were empty. It was found that the mean and variance of Kullbach's 2I were larger than the expected values in the presence …

Geology And Mineralization Of The Southeastern Part Of The Black Pine Mountains, Cassia County, Idaho, Don E. French

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The southeastern part of the Black Pine Mountains is located in the southeastern part of Cassia County, southern Idaho. The Utah-Idaho state line is three miles south of the studied area and the Cassia-Oneida county line bounds it on the east. The area is nearly square and encompasses about 30 square miles.

Devonian, Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, Permian, Tertiary and Quaternary sedimentary rocks are exposed within the area. Limestone, dolomitic limestime, quartzite, and bedded chert represent the Jefferson (?) Formation of Devonian age. It is 400 feet thick, however, the base is not exposed. The Milligen Formation is Early Mississippian in age …

Structural Geology Of Eastern Part Of Richmond And Western Part Of Naomi Park Quadrangles, Utah-Idaho, Arthur J. Mendenhall

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The mapped area, which includes the eastern part of the Richmond and the western part of the Naomi Peak quadrangles, Utah-Idaho, is located in the central part of northern Utah and southeastern Idaho. It is located along the eastern side of Cache Valley and western side of the Bear River Range. Cache Valley is in the Basin and Range province and the Bear River Range is in the Middle Rocky Mountain province. The mapped area is about 8.6 miles long, in the north-south direction, and 7.8 miles long, in the east-west direction.

The Mutual Formation of Precambrian age is the …

Some Aspects Of Geochemistry Of The Water And Sediment Of Bear Lake, Idaho-Utah, Richard H. Fuller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Development by man through the last half century has caused a number of changes in Bear Lake. These changes include the diversion of Bear River water into Bear Lake, the pumping of lake water back into the river, and the building of breakwaters and other obstructions along the shore of Bear Lake.

The diversion of Bear River water into the lake has resulted in a yearly addition of an estimated 36,000 metric tons of calcium into the lake, which has caused the precipitation of an estimated minimum 90,000 metric tons of aragonite. The pumping of Bear Lake water back into …

Mineralization In The Bear River Range, Utah-Idaho, John C. Chappelle

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this thesis is t o describe the occurrences, interrelationships, and possible origin of the metallic mineral deposits of the Bear River Range. In this study, 21 mineral deposits containing minerals of lead, iron, copper, manganese, and zinc with quartz and carbonate gangue minerals, are described and classified as low temperature epigenetic hydrothermal deposits. The deposits predominantly occur in Cambrian limestone and dolomite formations located below formations with a high shale content. The deposition occurred as fracture filling and replacement along fractures associated with Teritary Basin and Range normal faults and joints which generally trend northerly in the …

Structural Geology Of The Southern Part Of Clarkston Mountain, Malad Range, Utah, Wayland E. Gray

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The mapped area, in north-central Utah, is located west of Clarkston, Utah. It includes the southern part of Clarkston Mountain and part of the Junction Hills, which extend southward from Clarkston Mountain. The area is represented on the southeastern part of the Portage quadrangle, Utah-Idaho, and the southwestern part of the Clarkston quadrangle, Utah-Idaho. It measures about 8.3 miles in the east-west direction and 4.0 miles in the north-south direction.

The southern part of Clarkston Mountain consists of stratigraphic units that range in age from Cambrian to Silurian. The Nounan Formation of Cambrian age is the oldest. The St. Charles …