Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Distribution Of Tm 3+ And Ni 2+ In Chalcogenide Glass Ceramics Containing Ga2s3 Nanocrystals: Influence On Photoluminescence Properties, Xiaosong Lu, Zhiqiang Lai, Jing Ren, Lukas Strizik, Tomas Wagner, Yanqiu Du, Gerald Farrell, Pengfei Wang

Articles

The distribution of Tm3+ and Ni2+ ions is unambiguously exhibited in 80GeS2-20Ga2S3 chalcogenide glass ceramics (GCs) containing Ga2S3 nanocrystals (NCs) by using advanced analytical transmission electron microscopy. Distinctively different distribution patterns of Tm3+ and Ni2+ ions are observed in the GCs obtained by controlled crystallization. The distribution of the dopants imposes strong influence on their optical properties which are revealed by absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. Detailed discussions are given of the mechanisms of the crystallization-induced PL enhancement and quenching of the Tm3+ mid-infrared and Ni2+ near-infrared emissions, respectively.

Sensing Of Multiple Parameters With Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Fiber Micro-Resonators, Arun Kumar Mallik Dr, Vishnan Kavungal, Gerald Farrell, Yuliya Semenova

Conference Papers

Monitoring of multiple physical parameters, such as humidity, temperature, strain, concentrations of certain chemicals or gases in various environments is of great importance in many industrial applications both for minimizing adverse effects on human health as well as for maintaining production levels and quality of products. In this paper we demonstrate two different approaches to the design of multi-parametric sensors using coupled whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical fiber micro-resonators. In the first approach, a small array of micro-resonators is coupled to a single fiber taper, while in the second approach each of the micro-resonators within an array is coupled to …

Self-Cleaning Hydrophobic Nanocoating On Glass: A Scalable Manufacturing Process, Surendra Maharjan, Kang-Shyang Liao, Alexander J. Wang, Killian Barton, Amrita Haldar, Nigel J. Alley, Hugh Byrne, Seamus A. Curran

Articles

A method of forming a self-cleaning hydrophobic coating (SCHN) on glass substrates utilizing a scalable manufacturing process is described. The process initiates with roughening of planar glass surfaces using diamond micro-/nano-particle abrasives, which creates microscopic tortuous grooves. After cleaning the substrates, the roughened surface is vapor deposited with trichloro(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl)silane (TCPFOS) under enclosure with controlled humidity. TCPFOS chemically binds with the substrate via covalent linkage. Due to the greatly reduced surface tension between water and the self-cleaning surface, the water droplet slides down leaving no trail (sliding angle of 14° for 0.1 mL water droplet). Due to the reduced adhesion of …

Raman Spectroscopy As A Potential Tool For Label Free Therapeutic Drug Monitoring In Human Serum: The Case Of Busulfan And Methotrexate, Drishya Parachalil, Franck Bonnier, Deirdre Commerford, Igor Chourpa, Jennifer Mcintyre, Hugh Byrne

Articles

A methodology is proposed, based on Raman spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis, to determine the Limit of Detection (LOD) and Limit of Quantification (LOQ) for therapeutic drug monitoring in human serum, using the examples of Busulfan, a cell cycle non-specific alkylating antineoplastic agent, and, Methotrexate, a chemotherapeutic agent and immune system suppressant. In this study, ultrafiltration is employed to fractionate spiked human pooled serum to efficiently recover the drug in the filtrate prior to performing Raman analysis. The drug concentration ranges were chosen to encompass the recommended therapeutic ranges and toxic levels in patients. Raman spectra were collected from the …

On The Use Of Vibrational Spectroscopy And Scanning Electron Microscopy To Study Phenolic Extractability Of Cooperage Byproducts In Wine, Berta Baca‑Bocanegra, Julio Nogales‑Bueno, Brian Gorey, Francisco José Heredia, Hugh Byrne, José Miguel Hernández‑Hierro

Articles

Wood is an important source of phenolic compounds, which can be transferred to wine during aging process, improving its properties, from an organoleptic point of view. Therefore, understanding and optimizing the extractability of phenolic compounds from wood are crucial in the oenological field. The structural composition of oak wood samples has been evaluated using Raman and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR–FTIR) spectroscopies, and their main spectral features have been linked to phenolic compound extractabilities, as measured by classic chemical analyses. To support the analysis, microscopic images of the samples were also recorded using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The …

On The Determination Of The Number Of Positive And Negative Polynomial Zeros And Their Isolation, Emil Prodanov

Articles

A novel method with two variations is proposed with which the number of positive and negative zeros of a polynomial with real co-efficients and degree $n$ can be restricted with significantly better determinacy than that provided by the Descartes' rule of signs and also isolate quite successfully the zeros of the polynomial. The method relies on solving equations of degree smaller than that of the given polynomial. One can determine analytically the exact number of positive and negative zeros of a polynomial of degree up to and including five and also fully isolate the zeros of the polynomial analytically and …

Van Der Waals Universe With Adiabatic Matter Creation, Emil Prodanov, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

A FRWL cosmological model with perfect fluid comprising of van der Waals gas and dust has been studied in the context of dynamical analysis of a three-component autonomous non-linear dynamical system for the particle number density $n$, the Hubble parameter $H$, and the temperature $T$. Perfect fluid isentropic particle creation at rate proportional to an integer power $\alpha$ of $H$ has been incorporated. The existence of a global first integral allows the determination of the temperature evolution law and hence the reduction of the dynamical system to a two-component one. Special attention is paid to the cases of $\alpha = …

Injective Tensor Products Of Tree Spaces, Milena Venkova, Christopher Boyd, Costas Poulios

Articles

We study tensor products on tree spaces; in particular, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the n-fold injective tensor product of tree spaces to contain a copy of l_1.

Equatorial Wave–Current Interactions, Adrian Constantin, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

We study the nonlinear equations of motion for equatorial wave–current interactions in the physically realistic setting of azimuthal two-dimensional inviscid flows with piecewise constant vorticity in a two-layer fluid with a flat bed and a free surface. We derive a Hamiltonian formulation for the nonlinear governing equations that is adequate for structure-preserving perturbations, at the linear and at the nonlinear level. Linear theory reveals some important features of the dynamics, highlighting differences between the short- and long-wave regimes. The fact that ocean energy is concentrated in the long-wave propagation modes motivates the pursuit of in-depth nonlinear analysis in the long-wave …

A Multilayer Exponential Random Graph Modelling Approach For Weighted Networks, Alberto Caimo, Isabella Gollini

Articles

A new modelling approach for the analysis of weighted networks with ordinal/polytomous dyadic values is introduced. Specifically, it is proposed to model the weighted network connectivity structure using a hierarchical multilayer exponential random graph model (ERGM) generative process where each network layer represents a different ordinal dyadic category. The network layers are assumed to be generated by an ERGM process conditional on their closest lower network layers. A crucial advantage of the proposed method is the possibility of adopting the binary network statistics specification to describe both the between-layer and across-layer network processes and thus facilitating the interpretation of the …

Current Source Density Approaches Improve Spatial Resolution In Event Related Potential Analysis In People With Parkinson's Disease, Conor Fearon, John Butler, Saskia M. Waechter, Isabelle Killane, Richard B. Reilly, Timothy Lynch

Articles

No abstract provided.

On The Reidemeister Spectrum Of An Abelian Group, Brendan Goldsmith, Fatemeh Karimi, Noel White

Articles

The Reidemeister number of an automorphism ϕ of an Abelian group G is calculated by determining the cardinality of the quotient group G/(ϕ − 1G)(G), and the Reidemeister spectrum of G is precisely the set of Reidemeister numbers of the automorphisms of G. In this work we determine the full spectrum of several types of group, paying particular attention to groups of torsion-free rank 1 and to direct sums and products. We show how to make use of strong realization results for Abelian groups to exhibit many groups where the Reidemeister number is infinite for all automorphisms; such groups then …

Image-Based Malware Classification: A Space Filling Curve Approach, Stephen O Shaughnessy

Conference Papers

Anti-virus (AV) software is effective at distinguishing between benign and malicious programs yet lack the ability to effectively classify malware into their respective family classes. AV vendors receive considerably large volumes of malicious programs daily and so classification is crucial to quickly identify variants of existing malware that would otherwise have to be manually examined. This paper proposes a novel method of visualizing and classifying malware using Space-Filling Curves (SFC's) in order to improve the limitations of AV tools. The classification models produced were evaluated on previously unseen samples and showed promising results, with precision, recall and accuracy scores of …

Multi-Spectral Visual Crop Assessment Under Limited Data Constraints, Patricia O'Byrne, Patrick Jackman, Damon Berry, Hector-Hugo Franco-Penya, Michael French, Robert J. Ross

Conference papers

In an era of climate change and global population growth, deep learning based multi-spectral imaging has the potential to significantly assist in production management across a wide range of agricultural and food production domains. A key challenge however in applying state-of-the-art methods is that they, unlike classical hand crafted methods, are usually thought of as being only useful when significant amounts of data are available. In this paper we investigate this hypothesis by examining the performance of state-of-the-art deep learning methods when applied to a restricted data set that is not easily bootstrapped through pre-trained image processing networks. We demonstrate …

A Self Healing Microservices Architecture: A Case Study In Docker Swarm Cluster, Basel Magableh, Muder Almiani

Conference papers

One desired aspect of a self-adapting microservices architecture is the ability to continuously monitor the operational environment, detect and observe anomalous behaviour as well as implement a reasonable policy for self-scaling, self-healing, and self-tuning the computational resources in order to dynamically respond to a sudden change in its operational environment. Often the behaviour of a microservices architecture continuously changes over time and the identification of both normal and abnormal behaviours of running services becomes a challenging task. This paper proposes a self-healing Microservice architecture that continuously monitors the operational environment, detects and observes anomalous behaviours, and provides a reasonable adaptation …

Towards Linked Data For Wikidata Revisions And Twitter Trending Hashtags, Paula Dooley, Bojan Bozic

Conference papers

This paper uses Twitter as a microblogging platform to link hashtags, which relate the message to a topic that is shared among users, to Wikidata, a central knowledge base of information relying on its members and machine bots to keeping its content up to date. The data is stored in a highly structured format, with the added SPARQL Protocol And RDF Query Language (SPARQL) endpoint to allow users to query its knowledge base. Our research, designs and implements a process to stream live Twitter tweets and to parse existing Wikidata revision XML files provided by Wikidata. Furthermore, we identify if …

An Evaluation Of The Reliability, Validity And Sensitivity Of Three Human Mental Workload Measures Under Different Instructional Conditions In Third-Level Education, Luca Longo, Giuliano Orru

Conference papers

Although Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) has been researched for many years, it has been criticised for its theoretical clarity and its methodological approach. A crucial issue is the measurement of three types of cognitive load conceived in the theory, and the assessment of overall human cognitive load during learning tasks. This research study is motivated by these issues and it aims to investigate the reliability, validity and sensitivity of three existing self-reporting mental workload instruments, mainly used in Ergonomics, when applied to Education and in particular to the field of Teaching and Learning. A primary research study has been designed …

We Have Always Been Virtual: Gilles Deleuze And The Computer-Generated Image, Hugh Mccabe

Conference papers

The use of computer-generated imagery is becoming increasingly ubiquitous across many fields including media, advertising, architecture and art. This represents a fundamental shift within visual culture, as imagery can now be produced routinely by means of rendering algorithms based on spatial representations. We propose that the account of the image provided by Gilles Deleuze in his books on cinema provides a rich philosophical framework for understanding such contemporary imaging practices. By providing a Deleuzian reading of James Kajiya's 1986 rendering equation we argue that there is a tacit ontology of the image underwriting both Deleuze’s work on cinema and current …

Comparing Procedural Content Generation Algorithms For Creating Levels In Video Games, Zina Monaghan

Dissertations

Procedural Content Generation (PCG) is used frequently in games to increase replayability by introducing variety to playghrough of a game and reduce development time by allowing complex game worlds to be developed by a smaller team over a more limited amount of time.

An Evaluation Of The Information Security Awareness Of University Students, Alan Pike

Dissertations

Between January 2017 and March 2018, it is estimated that more than 1.9 billion personal and sensitive data records were compromised online. The average cost of a data breach in 2018 was reported to be in the region of US$3.62 million. These figures alone highlight the need for computer users to have a high level of information security awareness (ISA). This research was conducted to establish the ISA of students in a university. There were three aspects to this piece of research. The first was to review and analyse the security habits of students in terms of their own personal …

An Investigation Into The Predictive Capability Of Customer Spending In Modelling Mortgage Default, Donal Finn [Thesis]

Dissertations

The mortgage arrears crisis in Ireland was and is among the most severe experienced on record and although there has been a decreasing trend in the number of mortgages in default in the past four years, it still continues to cause distress to borrowers and vulnerabilities to lenders. There are indications that one of the main factors associated with mortgage default is loan affordability, of which the level of disposable income is a driver. Additionally, guidelines set out by the European Central Bank instructed financial institutions to adopt measures to further reduce and prevent loans defaulting, including the implementation and …

Noise Reduction In Eeg Signals Using Convolutional Autoencoding Techniques, Conor Hanrahan

Dissertations

The presence of noise in electroencephalography (EEG) signals can significantly reduce the accuracy of the analysis of the signal. This study assesses to what extent stacked autoencoders designed using one-dimensional convolutional neural network layers can reduce noise in EEG signals. The EEG signals, obtained from 81 people, were processed by a two-layer one-dimensional convolutional autoencoder (CAE), whom performed 3 independent button pressing tasks. The signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the signals before and after processing were calculated and the distributions of the SNRs were compared. The performance of the model was compared to noise reduction performance of Principal Component Analysis, with …

English Wikipedia Corpus Chunks, Filip Klubicka, Alfredo Maldonado, Abhijit Mahalunkar, John D. Kelleher

Datasets

This archive contains a collection of language corpora. These are text files that contain samples of text collected from English Wikipedia.

Test: A Terminology Extraction System For Technology Related Terms, Murhaf Hossari, Soumyabrata Dev, John Kelleher

Conference papers

Tracking developments in the highly dynamic data-technology landscape are vital to keeping up with novel technologies and tools, in the various areas of Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, It is difficult to keep track of all the relevant technology keywords. In this paper, we propose a novel system that addresses this problem. This tool is used to automatically detect the existence of new technologies and tools in text, and extract terms used to describe these new technologies. The extracted new terms can be logged as new AI technologies as they are found on-the-fly in the web. It can be subsequently classified …

Presentations & Infographics, Quality Blended Learning Consortium

Open Educational Resources

This tutorial introduces the users to the fundamental concepts on how to create presentations and infographics, as well as provides guidance on the tools to be used, best practices, and mistakes to avoid. The tutorial includes quizzes for self-assessment.

High-Speed Distributed Data Process Of Photometric Astronomical Data, Paul Doyle

Other

Since the 1970s the CCD has been the principle method of measuring flux to calculate the apparent magnitude of celestial objects within astronomical photometry. Each CCD image must be digitally cleaned and calibrated prior to its use. As data archives increase in size to Petabytes, the data processing challenge requires image processing techniques to continue to exceed the rate of data capture.

This paper describes NIMBUS, a rapidly scalable, failure resilient distributed network architecture capable of processing CCD image data at a rate of hundreds of Terabytes per day. NIMBUS is implemented using a decentralized web queue to control the …

Content-Based Music Retrieval Of Irish Traditional Music Via A Virtual Tin Whistle, Pierre Beauguitte, Hung-Chuan Huang

Conference papers

We present a mobilephon eapplication associating a virtual musical instrument (emulating a tin whistle) to a content based music retrieval system for Irish Traditional Music (ITM). It performs tune recognition, following the architecture of the existing query-by-playing software Tunepal (Duggan & O’Shea, 2011). After explaining the motivation for this project in Section 2 and presenting some relatedworkinSection3,wedescribeourproposedapplicationinSection4. Section5discussescurrentshortcomings of our project and potential future directions.

Explorobot: Rapid Exploration With Chart Automation, Tamara Matthews, Rohan Goel, John Mcauley

Conference papers

General-purpose visualization tools are used by people with varying degrees of data literacy. Often the user is not a professional analyst or data scientist and uses the tool infrequently, to support an aspect of their job. This can present difficulties as the user’s unfamiliarity with visualization practice and infrequent use of the tool can result in long processing time, inaccurate data representations or inappropriate visual encodings. To address this problem, we developed a visual analytics application called exploroBOT. The exploroBOT automatically generates visualizations and the exploration guidance path (an associated network of decision points, mapping nodes where visualizations change). These …

On The Inability Of Markov Models To Capture Criticality In Human Mobility, Vaibhav Klukarni, Abhijit Mahalunkar, Benoit Garbinato, John Kelleher

Conference papers

We examine the non-Markovian nature of human mobility by exposing the inability of Markov models to capture criticality in human mobility. In particular, the assumed Markovian nature of mobility was used to establish an upper bound on the predictability of human mobility, based on the temporal entropy. Since its inception, this bound has been widely used for validating the performance of mobility prediction models. We show that the variants of recurrent neural network architectures can achieve significantly higher prediction accuracy surpassing this upper bound. The central objective of our work is to show that human-mobility dynamics exhibit criticality characteristics which …

Intelligent Intrusion Detection Using Radial Basis Function Neural Network, Alia Abughazleh, Muder Almiani, Basel Magableh, Abdul Razaque

Conference papers

Recently we witness a booming and ubiquity evolving of internet connectivity all over the world leading to dramatic amount of network activities and large amount of data and information transfer. Massive data transfer composes a fertile ground to hackers and intruders to launch cyber-attacks and various types of penetrations. As a consequence, researchers around the globe have devoted a large room for researches that can handle different types of attacks efficiently through building various types of intrusion detection systems capable to handle different types of attacks, known and unknown (novel) ones as well as have the capability to deal with …