Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Interface Design Requirements For Playing Pong With A Single Switch Device, Brian Mac Namee, John Gilligan

Conference papers

Motivated by a desire for increased accessibility in digital games, in this paper we consider the design requirements for an interface to a variation of the game Pong for single-switch users. We consider the issues in the design of accessible interfaces for games and propose a set of interface configurations for playing Pong, using this as a proof of concept for more elaborate games.

Electronic And Optical Processes In Fullerene Films, Naomi Brant

Masters

This work primarily focuses on the archetypal fullerene, which is C60. C60 is electron rich and yet can be six fold reduced, taking on up to six additional electrons. Interest in the electrical properties of the solid state C60 were intensified when it was observed that it could be chemically doped with alkali metals, producing a metallic state A1C60, and even a superconducting state A3C60, where A indicates an alkali metal such as potassium or rubidium. Previous work has demonstrated that such a conductive state can also be achieved by optical pumping or by electron injection. The electronic properties of …

Characterization Of An Acrylaminde Based Photopolymer For Fabrication Of Liquid Crystal Devices, Pavani Kotakonda

Conference Papers

Photopolymers are increasingly interesting as new materials for the fabrication of electro optical liquid crystal devices. Photoinduced surface relief gratings in dry, self developing acrylamide based photopolymers can be used to align liquid crystals (LCs) as an alternative to the rubbing technique. These optically recorded surface relief patterns can be used to fabricate electro-optical switchable LC Bragg gratings. An investigation of the dependence of photoinduced surface relief gratings on recording intensity and thickness of the photopolymer layer is reported. The surface relief gratings were filled with E7 LCs and a switchable LC diffraction grating was fabricated.

Holographic Recording In Nanoparticle-Doped Photopolymer, Izabela Naydenova, Hosam Sherif, Svetlana Mintova, Suzanne Martin, Vincent Toal

Conference Papers

A nanoparticle-doped acrylic photopolymer is characterised as a material for holographic recording. The influence of nanoparticles on the photopolymer dynamic range, dynamics of recording, temporal stability and mechanical stability in terms of shrinkage has been studied. The dynamics of recording and the temporal stability are investigated by real time monitoring of the build up of diffraction gratings of spatial frequencies of 200 to 2000 l/mm. The shrinkage has been characterised by recording slanted transmission gratings and observation of the change in the Bragg angle.

Two Way Diffusion Model For The Recording Mechanism In A Self-Developing Dry Acrylamide Photopolymer, Suzanne Martin, Izabela Naydenova, Raghavendra Jallapuram, Robert Howard, Vincent Toal

Conference Papers

In our most recent study [1] diffusion constants were measured in the simplified monoacrylamide version of a dry acrylamide based photopolymer holographic recording material developed in the Centre for Industrial and Engineering Optics. In this paper we report diffusion constants for the commonly used photopolymer formulation, which also contains the crosslinker bisacrylamide. A physical model for the recording mechanism is proposed which explains the two way diffusion observed in both systems, and is in agreement with much of the previously observed behaviour of the material, particularly in regard to dependence of diffraction efficiency growth on spatial frequency and persistence of …

Using Sketches And Knowledge Bases For Geo-Spatial Image Retrieval, Michela Bertolotto, James Carswell, E Mcloughlin, D O'Sullivan, C Wilson

Articles

This paper presents research in the field of knowledge management for geo-spatial imagery including scanned aerial photos and satellite images. We have developed a web-based system that allows users to query a database of images not only using metadata, but also drawing sketches of configurations of objects they are interested in as well as inputting textual descriptions of their intended task. Our system integrates case-based reasoning techniques to form a knowledge base from previously issued queries that can be exploited to improve future query processing and to build organizational memory through experience capture. The effective design and implementation of a …

Incremental Generation Of Spatial Referring Expressions In Situated Dialogue, John D. Kelleher, Geert-Jan Kruijff

Conference papers

This paper presents an approach to incrementally generating locative expressions. It addresses the issue of combinatorial explosion inherent in the construction of relational context models by: (a) contextually defining the set of objects in the context that may function as a landmark, and (b) sequencing the order in which spatial relations are considered using a cognitively motivated hierarchy of relations, and visual and discourse salience.

Bluetooth Assassin: A Location-Based Game For Mobile Devices, Miao Wang, Brian Mac Namee

Conference papers

This short paper will describe Bluetooth Assassin, a location-based game developed for mobile devices.

Spirobicyclic Diamines 1: Synthesis Of Proline-Derived Spirolactams Via Thermal Intramolecular Ester Aminolysis, Fintan Kelleher, Sinead Kelly

Articles

Proline derived [4.4]-spirolactams have been synthesised in good yields by a reductive-amination reaction followed by thermal cyclisation of the resulting amine onto the proline ester group in refluxing toluene. The synthesis of the corresponding [4.5]-spirolactams by the same method gave much reduced yields.

Spirobicyclic Diamines 2: Synthesis Of Homochiral Diastereoisomeric Proline Derived [4,4]-Spirolactams, Fintan Kelleher, Sinead Kelly

Articles

L-Proline derived diastereoisomeric [4.4]-spirolactams have been prepared by a reductive-amination reaction of (R)- or (S)-alanine methyl ester followed by thermal cyclisation of the resulting amine onto the proline ester group in refluxing toluene. Under similar conditions (R)- or (S)-phenylalanine methyl ester gave no cyclisation products, while R- or S-a-methylbenzylamine required treatment with NaNH₂ in refluxing toluene to induce cyclisation giving diastereoisomeric [4.4]-spirolactams

Impact Of Dietary Carotenoid Deprivation On Macular Pigment And Serum Concentrations Of Lutein And Zeaxanthin, James Loughman, John Nolan, Stephan Beatty

Articles

No abstract provided.

A Critical Appraisal Of The Opportunities Currently Available For A More Energy Conscious Approach To Residential Building In Ireland, John Mcdonagh, Louis Gunnigan

Conference papers

This paper focuses on the particular advantages which off-site housing construction has over the more traditional methods of building especially where the efficient use and conservation of energy is concerned. It will explain why modern innovative methods of house construction not only have a clear advantage environmentally (big reductions in CO2 emissions) but also deliver substantial benefits to the end user or householder especially in the form of lower energy bills.

The ecological argument for off-site systems is a very powerful one but on its own is still unlikely to be the prime driver for widespread implementation. That growth is …

Triangle Grouping And Structure Recovery For 3d Building Modelling And Visualization, Joe Hegarty, James Carswell

Conference papers

Location based and spatial technologies research for the web has endless application for mobile/position content delivery (m-commerce or pcommerce). By exploiting the inherent location-based intelligence of the underling spatial component, relevant examples can include geometrically accurate and photo realistic virtual representations for: property assessments; land/marine information systems; routing information; on-line shopping; cultural heritage/tourist information/sites; etc. A major challenge for this technology is its reliance on professional developers when creating the virtual worlds used for web-based navigation of these services. This paper describes SAMATS, a Semi-Automated Modeling And Texturing System, which has the capability of producing geometrically accurate and photorealistic VR …

Samats: Edge Highlighting And Intersection Rating Explained, Joe Hegarty, James Carswell

Conference papers

The creation of detailed 3D buildings models, and to a greater extent the creation of entire city models, has become an area of considerable research over the last couple of decades. The accurate modeling of buildings has LBS (Location Based Services) applications in entertainment, planning, tourism and e-commerce to name just a few. Many modeling systems created to date require manual correspondences to be made across the image set in order to determine the models 3D structure. This paper describes SAMATS, a Semi-Automated Modeling And Texturing System, which has the capability of producing geometrically accurate and photorealistic building models without …

Interaction Of Carbon Nanotubes With Sugar Complexes, Alan Casey, Gordon Farrell, Mary Mcnamara, Hugh Byrne, Gordon Chambers

Articles

The interaction of carbon nanotubes with soft organic molecules such as cyclodextrins and other saccarides has recently been shown to produce water soluble composites. Such systems offer considerable advantages over polymer based composites due to their biocompatibility and noncovalent coupling which can potentially preserve the unique properties of the tubes. The mechanism of interaction for such systems has been proposed to be dominated by hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions along the surface of the tube. However efforts to characterise and rationalise such noncovalent interactions between the sugar-based materials and the carbon nanotubes have been slow to emerge. In this study a …

A Simple Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry System Using Holographic Optical Elements, Guntaka Tulasi Sridhar Reddy

Doctoral

The aim of the work reported in this thesis is to develop a simple electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) system by combining holographic optical element technology with speckly interferometry. A holographic optical element is used in an ESPI system instead of the lenses, mirrors, beam splitters and beam combiners which are usually required in a conventional system. The final ESPI system consists only of a single holographic element, laser and CCD camera. Many currently available systems are complicated and consist of expensive optics that can be difficult to align. Even the simplest require several conventional optical elements to manipulate the …

Promoting Learning Through Peer Group Work, Christine O'Connor, Renli Ma

Conference Papers

The session aimed to help the Summer School participants develop tasks and assessment strategies of peer group work in their own teaching.

Self And On-Selfadjoint Sturm-Liouville Operators With Exponentially Decaying Potentials, Alain Kerouanton

Doctoral

In this thesis we investigate the properties of a class of linear differential operators known as Sturm-Liouville operators. Sturm-Liouville operators arise from differential equations of the form - y”+q(x)y = λy, where q is known as the potential and λ is a spectral parameter. This differential equation has been of great importance in mathematics and physics alike. We allow the potential to be real or complex valued and assume that q satisfies |q(x)|≤ce-ax, x≥0, where a >0 and c > 0. We first give a brief account of the mathematical background we will be using and then proceed to give a …

Cardiac Relaxation Dynamics Investigated By Doppler Tissue Imaging (Dti), Gerard J. King

Doctoral

Following an initial pilot study to explore the usefulness of Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) for the assessment of regional systolic dysfunction in the ischaemic heart, new techniques for the diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction have been developed

In the refinement of the techniques further evidence to support the existence of the early diastolic mechanism was obtained prior to assessing its clinical utility. For this the relationship between peak early diastolic mitral ring tissue velocity (EA) as a surrogate for recoil, and the acceleration of early transmitral flow (ventricular filling) was investigated in patients with diastolic dysfunction and in normal subjects. This …

Mems: Mobile Environmental Management System, Keith Gardiner, A Rizzini, James Carswell, Michela Bertolotto

Conference papers

This paper describes a web-based and Mobile Environmental Management System (MEMS) prototype specifically tailored to perform context-aware queries and updating of spatial datasets. Spatially enabled computing can provide situation aware assistance to both web-based and mobile users by presenting the right information at the right time, place, and situation using context-associated knowledge. Contextassociated knowledge is assembled by combining knowledge gained about information accessed in the past with the activities planned by the user, together with other situation dependencies (e.g. location) of these activities. The MEMS datasets are provided by the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) and the prototype …

The Potential Of Vibrational Spectroscopy In The Early Detection Of Cervical Cancer: An Exciting Emerging Field, Eoghan O'Faolain, Mary Hunter, Joe Byrne, Peter Kelehan, Hugh Byrne, Fiona Lyng

Conference papers

The application of vibrational spectroscopy to disease diagnosis is a relatively new, rapidly evolving scientific field. Techniques such as Raman and infrared spectroscopy have shown great promise in this regard over the past number of years. This study directly compared Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron infrared (SR-IR) spectroscopy on parallel cervical cancer samples. Both frozen and dewaxed formalin fixed paraffin preserved tissue sections were examined. Both tissue types produced good quality Raman and SR-IR spectra, although the lesser processed, frozen tissue sections displayed the most detailed spectra. Spectroscopy was shown capable of discriminating between different cell types in normal cervical tissue. …

Simple Electronic Speckle Pattern Shearing Interferometer With A Holographic Grating As A Shearing Element, Emilia Mihaylova, Izabela Naydenova, Suzanne Martin, Vincent Toal

Conference Papers

An optical set-up for electronic speckle pattern shearing interferometry (ESPSI) using a photopolymer diffractive optical element as a shearing element, is presented. A laser beam illuminates the object at an angle to the normal to the object surface. The holographic diffraction grating is placed in front of the object. The zero and the first order of diffraction form the image and the sheared image of the object. The images are imaged onto the CCD camera, whose optical axis coincides with the normal to the object surface. The field of view is limited only by the dimensions of the photopolymer plate. …

Sol–Gel Derived Organic And Inorganic Hybrid Materials For Photonic Applications: Contribution To The Correlation Between The Material Structure And The Transmission In The Near Infrared Region, Mohamed Oubaha, P. Etienne And S. Calas, P. Coudray, J.M. Nedelec, Y. Moreau

Articles

A promising way of fabricating integrated optics components is based on the sol–gel synthesis and photocuring of organic-inorganic hybrid materials. However, the main factor limiting the development of passive devices is the propagation losses. Moreover, the possibility to compensate these attenuations by optical amplification is competed with the multiphonon relaxation associated to the presence of OH groups. To our knowledge, OH groups were always shown as the main responsible for attenuation at the telecommunication wavelengths, namely at 1310 and 1550 nm, although the matrix is composed of organic species which can contribute to absorptions in this spectral range. This paper …

Linear Electronic And Optical Processes In Fullerene Thin Films, Jonathan Moghal, Naomi Brant, Siobhan Phelan, Hugh Byrne, Gordon Chambers

Conference papers

The electrical properties of C60 have been extensively studied in both the solid and solution phases. The vibrational spectroscopy of C60 is predominantly molecular in character. However electronic spectroscopy reveals features, which are specific to the solid. These features have been attributed to intermolecular charge transfer states. The relative importance of these inter – and intramolecular processes in terms of their contribution to the electronic transport is discussed. Cyclic voltammetry is employed to generate charged molecular species, which also contribute to the conduction process and comparisons to optical excited states species are drawn. The cyclic voltammetry was monitored in situ …

Minimal Modules Over Valuation Domains, Brendan Goldsmith, P. Zanardo

Articles

Let R be a valuation domain. We say that a torsion-free R-module is minimal if it is isomorphic to all its submodules of finite index. Here, the usual concept of finite index for groups is replaced by the more appropriate (for module theory) definition: a submodule H of the module G is said to be of finite index in G if the quotient G/H is a finitely presented torsion module. We investigate minimality in various settings and show inter alia that over a maximal valuation domain, all torsion-free modules are minimal. Constructions of non-minimal modules are given by utilizing realization …

Identification And Recovery Of An Asymmetric Calix[4]Arene Tetranitrile Derivative Using Liquid Chromatography And Mass Spectrometry, Benjamin Schazmann, Dermot Diamond

Articles

A simple analytical LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) method and associated instrumentation has been adapted for use by the organic chemist to yield mg quantities of target compound from a reaction mixture. Calix[4]arene 3 was identified as representing 51% of total peak area of a reaction mixture containing no less than 10 components, using LC-MS. This peak corresponded to a mass of 878.8, equivalent to a complex of 3 and an ammonium cation. Molecular models further rationalise this observation by showing that the asymmetric binding cavity of 3 is suitable for binding tetrahedral guests like the ammonium ion. By scaling …

Vibrational Coupling In Conjugated Π Systems With A View To Optimization Of Fluorescence Yield Through Phonon Confinement, Luke O'Neill, Patrick Lynch, Mary Mcnamara, Hugh Byrne

Conference papers

A series of π conjugated systems were studied by absorption, photoluminescence and vibrational spectroscopy. As is common for these systems, a linear relationship between the positioning of the absorption and photoluminescence maxima plotted against inverse conjugation length is observed. The relationships are in good agreement with the simple particle in a box method, one of the earliest descriptions of the properties of one-dimensional organic molecules. In addition to the electronic transition energies, it was observed that the Stokes shift also exhibited a well-defined relationship with increasing conjugation length, implying a correlation between the electron-vibrational coupling and chain length. This correlation …

Electronic Speckle Pattern Shearing Interferometry For Nondestructive Testing Of Thermal Sprayed Alloy Coatings, Yueqiang Xue, David Kennedy, Emilia Mihaylova

Conference Papers

Thermal sprayed coatings have wide engineering applications. There now exists a wide range of destructive and nondestructive testing (NDT) methods for surface coating inspections. This paper describes an application of Electronic Speckle Pattern Shearing Interferometry (ESPSI) for NDT of thermal sprayed surface coatings. In contrast to other conventional methods such as eddy current, ultrasonic or X-ray, ESPSI allows fast and large survey area inspection. Experimental results of shearographic measurements are presented. Thermal sprayed coatings were tested using ESPSI. Delaminations of the coatings were detected and the fringe patterns were captured using this method. It is shown that the shearography technique …

Conformal Properties And Baecklund Transform For The Associated Camassa-Holm Equation, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

Integrable equations exhibit interesting conformal properties and can be written in terms of the so-called conformal invariants. The most basic and important example is the KdV equation and the corresponding Schwarz-KdV equation. Other examples, including the Camassa-Holm equation and the associated Camassa-Holm equation are investigated in this paper. It is shown that the B¨acklund transform is related to the conformal properties of these equations. Some particular solutions of the Associated Camassa-Holm Equation are discussed also.

Asymptotic Methods In The Spectral Analysis Of Sturm-Liouville Operators, Daphne Gilbert

Articles

Gilbert, D.: Asymptotic Methods in the Spectral Analysis of Sturm-Lioville Operators.Sturm-Liouville theory : Past and Present, 2005, pp 121-136.