Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Polynomial Bundles And Generalised Fourier Transforms For Integrable Equations On A.Iii-Type Symmetric Spaces, Vladimir Gerdjikov, Georgi Grahovski, Alexander V. Mikhailov, Tihomir Valchev

Articles

A certain class of integrable nonlinear differential equations related to A.III-type symmetric spaces and having additional reductions is analysed via the Inverse Scattering Method (ISM). The class contains systems of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) associated with a Lax operator (for the time-evolution) polynomial in the spectral parameter. Using the Wronskian relations, the mapping between the potential and the minimal sets of scattering data is constructed. Furthermore, completeness relations for the `squared solutions' (generalised exponentials) are derived. Next, expansions of Q and its variation are obtained. This demonstrates that the interpretation of the inverse scattering method as a generalized Fourier transform …

Water-Soluble Cuii And Mnii Bis-Phenanthroline Octanedioate Complexes With Unprecedented Nano And Picomolar In Vitro Cytotoxicity As Promising Leads For Chemotherapeutic Drug Development, Andrew Kellett, Mark O'Connor, Malachy Mccann, Orla L. Howe, Alan Casey, Pauric Mccarron, Kevin Kavanagh, Mary Mcnamara, Sean Kennedy, Donald D. May, Philip S. Skell, Denis O'Shea, Michael Devereux

Articles

Dinuclear Cu^II and Mn^II bis-phenanthroline octanedioate complexes exhibit rapid, unprecedented nano and picomolar in vitro cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer lines and are less toxic than cisplatin when examined in vivo. The complexes are potent generators of cellular reactive oxygen species, avid DNA binders and induce O₂ dependent cleavage of DNA. The Cu(II) complex was found to have self-cleaving nuclease activity.

Nonlinear Behaviour Of Sea Surface Waves Based On Low-Gradient Phase-Only Scattering Effects, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle, Derek Kearney

Conference papers

Nonlinear sea waves generated by the wind, including freak waves, are considered to be phenomena that can be modelled using the nonlinear (cubic) Schrodinger equation, for example. However, there is a problem with this approach which is that sea surface waves, driven by wind speeds of varying strength, must be considered to be composed of two distinct types, namely, linear waves and nonlinear waves. In this paper, we consider a different approach to modelling ‘nonlinear’ waves that is based on a solution to the linear wave equation under a low-gradient, phase-only condition. This approach is entirely compatible with the fluid …

On Socle-Regularity And Some Notions Of Transitivity For Abelian P-Groups, Brendan Goldsmith, Peter Danchev

Articles

In the present work the interconnections between various notions of transitivity for Abelian p-groups and the recently introduced concepts of socle-regular and strongly socle-regular groups are studied.

Bayesian Inference For Exponential Random Graph Models, Alberto Caimo, Nial Friel

Articles

Exponential random graph models are extremely difficult models to handle from a statistical viewpoint, since their normalising constant, which depends on model parameters, is available only in very trivial cases. We show how inference can be carried out in a Bayesian framework using a MCMC algorithm, which circumvents the need to calculate the normalising constants. We use a population MCMC approach which accelerates convergence and improves mixing of the Markov chain. This approach improves performance with respect to the Monte Carlo maximum likelihood method of Geyer and Thompson (1992).

Now For The Science Bit: Implementing Community-Based Learning In Chemistry, Claire M. Mcdonnell, Patricia Ennis, Leslie Shoemaker

Articles

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of student learning from community engagement by critically assessing the implementation of this pedagogical approach in the context of teaching and learning chemistry and also evaluating the role of personal development in student-community engagement.

Design/methodology/approach – A case study on the implementation since 2007 of community-based learning (also called service-learning) projects in an academic department in Ireland is presented. Analysis of assessment grades, student reflective accounts and evaluation questionnaires informs this work as does a recently completed self-assessment of our activities using Shumer’s Self-Assessment for Service Learning. …

Estimating The Efficacy Of Mild Heating Processes Taking Into Account Microbial Non-Linearities: A Case Study On The Thermisation Of A Food Simulant, Vasilis Valdramidis, Brijesh Tiwari, Patrick J. Cullen, Alain Kondjoyan, Jan Van Impe

Articles

Traditional and novel approaches for the calculation of the heat treatment efficiency are compared in this work. The Mild Heat value (MH-value), an alternative approach to the commonly used sterilisation, pasteurisation and cook value (F, P, C–value), is calculated to estimate the efficiency of a mild heat process. MH-value is the time needed to achieve a predefined microbial reduction at a reference temperature and a known thermal resistant constant, z, for log-linear or specific types of non log-linear microbial inactivation kinetics. An illustrative example is given in which microbial inactivation data of Listeria innocua CLIP 20-595 are used for estimating …

Automatic Annotation Of Referring Expression In Situated Dialogues, Niels Schütte, John D. Kelleher, Brian Mac Namee

Articles

To apply machine learning techniques to the production and interpretation of natural language, we need large amounts of annotated language data. Manual annotation, however, is an expensive and time consuming process since it involves human annotators looking at the data and explicitly adding information that is implicitly contained in the data, based on their judgment. This work presents an approach to automatically annotating referring expressions in situated dialogues by exploiting the interpretation of language by the participants in the dia- logue. We associate instructions concerning objects in the environment with automatically detected events involving these objects and predict the referents …

Enhancing The Learning Experience: Learning For The Unknown Future, Barry Ryan

Conference papers

In this presentation the effects of an altered teaching methodology, in which the "student as producer" approach was adopted, are outlined. Currently, many students exist as knowledge consumers; however, Neary and Winn (2009) have suggested the positive effect on students learning through the inclusion of research-like activities at the core of the undergraduate curriculum; the students act as "producers" of knowledge.

Comparative Imaging Study In Ultrasound Mri, Ct And Dsa Using A Multi-Modality Renal Artery Phantom, Deirdre King, Andrew Fagan, Carmel Moran, Jacinta Browne

Articles

A range of anatomically-realistic multi-modality renal artery phantoms consisting of vessels with varying degrees of stenosis was developed and evaluated using four imaging techniques currently used to detect renal artery stenosis (RAS). The spatial resolution required to visualize vascular geometry and the velocity detection performance required to adequately characterize blood flow in patients suffering from RAS is currently ill-defined, with the result that no one imaging modality has emerged as a gold standard technique for screening for this disease.

Methods: The phantoms, which contained a range of stenosis values (0, 30, 50, 70 and 85%), were designed for use with …

Comparative Imaging Study In Ultrasound, Mri, Ct And Dsa Using A Multi-Modality Renal Artery Phantom, Deirdre King, Andrew Fagan, Carmel Moran, Jacinta Browne

Articles

A range of anatomically realistic multimodality renal artery phantoms consisting of vessels with varying degrees of stenosis was developed and evaluated using four imaging techniques currently used to detect renal artery stenosis (RAS). The spatial resolution required to visualize vascular geometry and the velocity detection performance required to adequately characterize blood flow in patients suffering from RAS are currently ill-defined, with the result that no one imaging modality has emerged as a gold standard technique for screening for this disease.

Methods:

The phantoms, which contained a range of stenosis values (0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 85%), were designed for use …

Novel Tissue Mimicking Materials For High Frequency Breast Ultrasound Phantoms, Louise Cannon, Andrew Fagan, Jacinta Browne

Articles

The development and acoustical characterisation of a range of novel agar-based tissue mimicking material (TMMs) for use in clinically relevant, quality assurance (QA) and anthropomorphic breast phantoms are presented. The novel agar-based TMMs described in this study are based on a comprehensive, systematic variation of the ingredients in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) TMM. A novel, solid fat-mimicking material was also developed and acoustically characterised. Acoustical characterisation was carried out using an in-house scanning acoustic macroscope at low (7.5 MHz) and high frequencies (20 MHz), using the pulse-echo insertion technique. The speeds of sound range from 1490 to 1570 m. …

Water-Soluble Bis(1,10-Phenanthroline) Octanedioate Cu2+ And Mn2+ Complexes With Unprecedented Nano And Picomolar In Vitro Cytotoxicity: Promising Leads For Chemotherapeutic Drug Development, Andrew Kellett, Mark O'Connor, Malachy Mccann, Orla Howe, Alan Casey, Pauraic Mccarron, Kevin Kavanagh, Mary Mcnamara, Sean Kennedy, Donald May, Philip Skell, Denis O'Shea, Michael Devereux

Articles

Dinuclear Cu^II and Mn^II bis-phenanthroline octanedioate complexes exhibit rapid, unprecedented nano and picomolar in vitro cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer lines and are less toxic than cisplatin when examined in vivo. The complexes are potent generators of cellular reactive oxygen species, avid DNA binders and induce O₂ dependent cleavage of DNA. The Cu(II) complex was found to have self-cleaving nuclease activity.

In Vitro Analysis Of Immersed Human Tissues By Raman Microspectroscopy, Franck Bonnier, A. Mehmood, Peter Knief, Aidan Meade, Helen Lambkin, Kathleen Flynn, V. Mcdonagh, C. Healy, T. C. Lee, Fiona Lyng, Hugh Byrne

Articles

Raman microspectroscopy is a powerful tool for the analysis of tissue sections, providing a molecular map of the investigated samples. Nevertheless, data pre-processing and, particularly, the removal of the broad background to the spectra remain problematic. Indeed, the physical origin of the background has not been satisfactorily determined. Using 785 nm as source in a confocal geometry, it is demonstrated for the example of the protein kappa-elastin that the background and resulting quality of the recorded spectrum are dependent on the morphology of the sample. Whereas a fine powder yields a dominant broad background, compressed pellets and solution-cast thin films …

A Practical Photoelectrochemical Cell Using Nonprecious Metal Electrodes, Patrick Enright, Tony Betts, John Cassidy

Articles

Abstract: Photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) can be used to harvest light from the oxidation of dissolved organic matter. Similar to fuel cells but requiring light to operate, PECs contain a light assisted electrode that oxidises electron rich materials (anode); these electrons then flow to a typically Pt cathode where O₂ is normally the electron acceptor. In this work a PEC cell containing inexpensive materials was shown to (a) mineralise typical organic compounds present in waste water and (b) produce electricity from their decomposition. The PEC cell consisted of a TiO₂ coated conducting ink anode exposed to a light source, …

Non Aggregated Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles For Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy, Aoife Power, John Cassidy, Tony Betts

Articles

Silver nanoparticles with a tuneable l max were produced as colloids by heterogeneous nucleation. The synthesis process is both fast and repeatable, producing stable PVA capped nanoparticles. The colloid’s effectiveness in the SERRS system was investigated using Rhodamine 6G, R6G, Crystal Violet, CV, and Malachite Green, MG, as probe molecules. A clear sensing trend was observed, where the Raman signal emitted was significantly enhanced by the addition of silver nanoparticles. A build up of signal intensity is observed until an optimum ratio is achieved, followed by a decline in signal intensity as the concentration of nanoparticles is further increased. The …

Chromium Salen, Gráinne Hargaden, Pier Giorgio Cozzi

Articles

No abstract provided.

Di-Tert Butyl Chlorosilane, Gráinne Hargaden, Timothy O'Sullivan

Articles

No abstract provided.

On Adjoint Entropy Of Abelian Groups, Brendan Goldsmith, Ketao Gong

Articles

The theory of endomorphism rings of algebraic structures allows, in a natural way, a systematic approach based on the notion of entropy borrowed from dynamical systems. In the present work we introduce a \lq dual\rq \ notion based upon the replacement of the finite groups used in the definition of algebraic entropy, by subgroups of finite index. The basic properties of this new entropy are established and a connection to Hopfian groups is investigated.

Holomorphic Liftings From Infinite Dimensional Spaces, Sean Dineen, Milena Venkova

Articles

We obtain a number of positive solutions to a holomorphic lifting problem on a domain in a locally convex space.

Integrating Formative Feedback Into Individual And Group Assessments In A First Year Organic Chemistry Module, Barry Ryan, Julie Dunne

Conference papers

It is common for science undergraduates, particularly first year students, to remark that they do not receive appropriate support in their transition from second level to third level education; particularly in effective scientific laboratory report writing, new subject area preparedness and technical ‘know-how’ [1]. This is compounded by the insufficient, or inappropriate, feedback offered to students in these problem areas. The pedagogical emphasis often focuses on quantity rather than quality; both in report writing and content delivered. This publication describes an assessment methodology redesign to, firstly, incorporate on-line formative feedback and; secondly, to introduce one-to-one and one-to-group lab report feedback …

A Review Of Situation Identification Techniques In Pervasive Computing, Juan Ye, Simon Dobson, Susan Mckeever

Conference papers

No abstract provided.

Feeling The Ambiance: Using Smart Ambiance To Increase Contextual Awareness In Game Agents, Colm Sloan, John D. Kelleher, Brian Mac Namee

Conference papers

The behaviour of non-player character game agents can be made more interesting and believable through the use of increased contextual awareness. In this paper, we present smart ambiance which allows information about the am- biance of an environment (determined by the environment itself, objects in the environment and recent events) to be used in agent plan generation. We demonstrate how this leads to contextually in uenced action selection and, in turn, more interesting and believable character behaviour.

Why Is An Einstein Ring Blue?, Jonathan Blackledge

Articles

Albert Einstein predicted the existence of `Einstein rings' as a consequence of his general theory of relativity. The phenomenon is a direct result of the idea that if a mass warps space-time then light (and other electromagnetic waves) will be `lensed' by the strong gravitational field produced by a large cosmological body such as a galaxy. Since 1998, when the first complete Einstein ring was observed, many more complete or partially complete Einstein rings have been observed in the radio and infrared spectra, for example, and by the Hubble Space Telescope in the optical spectrum. However, in the latter case, …

A Generalized Nonlinear Model For The Evolution Of Low Frequency Freak Waves, Jonathan Blackledge

Articles

This paper presents a generalized model for simulating wave fields associated with the sea surface. This includes the case when `freak waves' may occur through an effect compounded in the nonlinear (cubic) Schrodinger equation. After providing brief introductions to linear sea wave models, `freak waves' and the linear and nonlinear Schrodinger equations, we present a unified model that provides for a piecewise continuous transition from a linear to a nonlinear state. This is based on introducing a fractional time derivative to develop a fractional nonlinear partial differential equation with a stochastic source function. In order to explore the characteristics of …

Cryptography Using Steganography: New Algorithms And Applications, Jonathan Blackledge

Articles

Developing methods for ensuring the secure exchange of information is one of the oldest occupations in history. With the revolution in Information Technology, the need for securing information and the variety of methods that have been developed to do it has expanded rapidly. Much of the technology that forms the basis for many of the techniques used today was originally conceived for use in military communications and has since found a place in a wide range of industrial and commercial sectors. This has led to the development of certain industry standards that are compounded in specific data processing algorithms together …

Development Of A Vessel Mimicking Material For Use In Anatomically Realistic Doppler Flow Phantoms, Deirdre King, Carmel Moran, John Mcnamara, Andrew Fagan, Jacinta Browne

Articles

Polyvinyl alcohol cryogel, (PVA-C) is presented as a vessel mimicking material for use in anatomically realistic Doppler flow phantoms. Three different batches of 10 % wt PVA-C containing (i) PVA-C alone, (ii) PVA-C with anti-bacterial agent and (iii) PVA-C with silicon carbide particles were produced, each with 1 to 6 freeze-thaw cycles. The resulting PVA-C samples were characterized acoustically (over a range 2.65 - 10.5 MHz) and mechanically in order to determine the optimum mixture and preparation for mimicking the properties of healthy and diseased arteries found in vivo. This optimum mix was reached with the PVA-C with anti-bacterial agent …

In-Plane Sensitive Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometer Using A Diffractive Holographic Optical Element, Raghavendra Jallapuram, Con Healy, Emilia Mihaylova, Vincent Toal

Articles

We describe a student project in electronic speckle pattern interferometry. The project includes holographic recording of diffraction gratings in thick, self-processing photopolymer layers made from off-the-shelf chemicals. The gratings are employed in a simple electronic speckle pattern interferometer to measure in-plane rotation.

Comment On C.E. Close, M.R. Gleeson And J.T. Sheridan "Monomer Diffusion Rates In Photopolymer Material Part 1. Low Spatial Frequency Holographic Gratings, Vincent Toal, Suzanne Martin, Izabela Naydenova

Articles

COMMENT: on C. E. Close, M. R. Gleeson and J. T. Sheridan “Monomer diffusion rates in photopolymer material.Part I. Low spatial frequency holographic gratings” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B / Vol. 28, No. 4 / April 2011 pp 658- 666 [1]

Increased Tolerance To Abiotic Stresses In Tobacco Plants Expressing A Barley Cell Wall Peroxidase, Philippe Pringuet, Norman Mcmillan, Greg Doyle, Stephen Smith, Sebastian Riedel

Articles

Tensiography is a technique that determines the physical and chemical properties of a liquid by illuminating a growing pendant drop from within using a source fibre. Light reflected internally at the surface of the drop is recieved by a collector fibre and is converted into an electric signal called a tensiotrace, which is a graph of reflected light as a function of drop volume. The instrument obtaining this signal is called multianalyser. A numerical model that simulates tensiotraces through a raytracing analysis (RAST - Raytracing Analysis for the Simulation of Tensiotraces) of the multianalyser as been developed to define theoretically …