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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Investigation Of The Influence Of Thiocarbamide In The Process Of Carbamide Deparaffinization, Sevi̇l Veli̇yeva Jan 2000

Investigation Of The Influence Of Thiocarbamide In The Process Of Carbamide Deparaffinization, Sevi̇l Veli̇yeva

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The influence of thiocarbamide in the process of carbamide dewaxing was investigated. The dependence of separated paraffins on the quantity of thiocarbamide was examined experimentally. It was determined that the separation of paraffins becomes equal to zero when moles of carbamide and thiocarbamide in water-isopropyl alcohol solution are equal. The low-temperature qualities (the temperature of dimness and freezing) of dewaxed fuels were also examined. By using infrared spectroscopy methods, the compound of received paraffins was investigated.


Biostratigraphic Data (Mammalia And Palynology) From The Upper Miocene İncesu Formation At Düzyayla (Hafik-Sivas, Central Anatolia), Funda Akgün, Tanju Kaya, Ann Forsten, Zeki̇ Atalay Jan 2000

Biostratigraphic Data (Mammalia And Palynology) From The Upper Miocene İncesu Formation At Düzyayla (Hafik-Sivas, Central Anatolia), Funda Akgün, Tanju Kaya, Ann Forsten, Zeki̇ Atalay

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Upper Miocene İncesu formation, widely exposed in Düzyayla (Hafik-Sivas), consists of mudstones, conglomerates, lacustrine limestones and lignite. The İncesu formation overlies the gypsiferous Hafik formation of controversial Middle Miocene or Oligocene ages. The mammalian fauna of the lignite horizon includes Hipparion sp., Ceratotherium neumayri (Osborn), Deinotherium giganteum Kaup, Choerolophodon pentelici (Gaudry & Lartet), Adcrocuta cf. eximia (Roth & Wagner), Oioceros wegneri Andree, Helladotherium duvernoyi Gaudry & Lartet and Microstonyx erymanthius (Roth & Wagner), which indicate a Turolian (Late Miocene) age. The palynological assemblage of the lignite is apparently represented by 27 genera and 39 species. Four genera and four …


The Lattice Dynamics Of Bcc Titanium, Kemal Çolakoğlu, Yasemi̇n Özteki̇n Çi̇ftçi̇ Jan 2000

The Lattice Dynamics Of Bcc Titanium, Kemal Çolakoğlu, Yasemi̇n Özteki̇n Çi̇ftçi̇

Turkish Journal of Physics

Using in measurements of the phonon frequencies of bcc Titanium, the lattice dynamical calculations are performed on the same phase by using the Third-neighbour Clark-Gazis-Wallis(CGW) model. The theory is used to compute the phonon dispersion curves, the frequency spectra and the lattice spesific heat of the studied phase. The obtained results are compared with the available experimental data.


A Detour In De Sitter Space While Calculating Vacuum Fluctuatins, M. Hortaçsu Jan 2000

A Detour In De Sitter Space While Calculating Vacuum Fluctuatins, M. Hortaçsu

Turkish Journal of Physics

{We study vacuum fluctuations of different gravitational waves by taking a detour in de Sitter space in the intermediate steps. We find finite contributions when the coupling constant is dimensionless, whereas null result persists in the cases with dimensional coupling constants. We also test our method for exactly solvable cases, and show that no spurious perturbative effects are introduced through our method.


Chaos In Closed Isotropic Cosmological Models With Steep Scalar Field Potential, A. V. Toporensky Jan 2000

Chaos In Closed Isotropic Cosmological Models With Steep Scalar Field Potential, A. V. Toporensky

Turkish Journal of Physics

The dynamics of closed scalar field FRW cosmological models is studied for several types of exponentially and more than exponentially steep potentials. The parameters of scalar field potentials which allow a chaotic behaviour are found from numerical investigations. It is argued that analytical studies of equation of motion at the Euclidean boundary can provide an important information about the properties of chaotic dynamics. Several types of transition from chaotic to regular dynamics are described.


Internal Photoemission Spectroscopy For A Ptsi/P-Si Schottky Junction, Bülent Aslan, Raşi̇t Turan Jan 2000

Internal Photoemission Spectroscopy For A Ptsi/P-Si Schottky Junction, Bülent Aslan, Raşi̇t Turan

Turkish Journal of Physics

Properties of internal photoemission in a PtSi-Si Schottky junction have been studied. The traditional Fowler plot of a detector's photoyield is found to be nonlinear for values close to the barrier height of the junction. It is shown that the model that takes all scattering mechanisms into account provides a successful description for the experimental results. It is also shown that the photoemission spectrum is independent of temperature in agreement with this model. The properties of detector's ambient influence the photoemission spectrum for wavelength of 3 $\mu$m or less. A strong loss in the detector's response is observed at around …


Borate Deposits Of Turkey And Argentina; A Summary And Geological Comparison, Cahi̇t Helvaci, Ricardo R. Alonso Jan 2000

Borate Deposits Of Turkey And Argentina; A Summary And Geological Comparison, Cahi̇t Helvaci, Ricardo R. Alonso

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

No abstract provided.


Geochemistry And Significance Of Mafic Dyke Swarms In The Pozantı-Karsantı Ophiolite (Southern Turkey), Osman Parlak Jan 2000

Geochemistry And Significance Of Mafic Dyke Swarms In The Pozantı-Karsantı Ophiolite (Southern Turkey), Osman Parlak

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Pozantı-Karsantı ophiolite, which is one of a number of the Late Cretaceous oceanic lithospheric remnants in southern Turkey, is situated in the eastern Tauride belt and consists of three distinct thrust sheets: an ophiolitic melange, a metamorphic sole, and an ophiolitic stratigraphic sequence. These units (except the ophiolitic melange) are intruded by isolated microgabbro-diabase dykes at all structural levels. The dykes from the lower crustal rocks (cumulates) are subalkaline in character and chemically similar to island arc tholeiitic basalts and basaltic andesites. They are enriched in some LIL elements (Rb, Ba, K and Sr) and depleted in HFS elements …


Late Devonian Conodont Fauna Of The Gümüşali Formation, The Eastern Taurides, Turke, Şenol Çapkinoğlu, İsmet Gedi̇k Jan 2000

Late Devonian Conodont Fauna Of The Gümüşali Formation, The Eastern Taurides, Turke, Şenol Çapkinoğlu, İsmet Gedi̇k

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Late Devonian Gümüşali formation of the eastern Taurides is a terrigenous-carbonate rock sequence about 600 m thick, consisting mainly of quartz sandstone, quartz siltstone, shale, and carbonate rocks. Palaeontologic and sedimentologic data mainly indicate a shallow subtidal depositional environment. This sequence generally represents the shallow-water polygnathid-icriodid biofacies, and contains conodont faunas that range from the Upper falsiovalis Zone into the Upper praesulcata Zone. However, they do not correlate well to the Late Devonian standard conodont zonation because of the lack of zonally diagnostic species and the irregular vertical distributions of the present taxa. Herein, 54 taxa belonging to nine …


Late Devonian (Famennian) Conodonts From Denizliköyü, Gebze, Kocaeli, Northwestern Turkey, Şenol Çapkinoğlu Jan 2000

Late Devonian (Famennian) Conodonts From Denizliköyü, Gebze, Kocaeli, Northwestern Turkey, Şenol Çapkinoğlu

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Late Devonian (Famennian) conodont faunas have been described from two incomplete stratigraphic sections (GD and GB) of the Ayineburnu member of the Tuzla formation, Denizliköyü, Gebze, Kocaeli, northwestern Turkey. The section GD comprises the Lower and Middle expansa Zones, and the section GB contains the Middle and Upper expansa Zones. Zonal indices for the Middle expansa Zone are identified in the section GB, whereas this zone is recognized on the basis of other key taxa in the section GD. Also, a new species of the Genus Branmehla, Branmehla gediki n.sp. is described from the section GD.


Distance Spectra For Trellis Coded Modulation Schemes On Channels With Intersymbol Interference, Sabi̇re Haciömeroğlu, Melek D. Yücel Jan 2000

Distance Spectra For Trellis Coded Modulation Schemes On Channels With Intersymbol Interference, Sabi̇re Haciömeroğlu, Melek D. Yücel

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The effect of intersymbol interference on distance spectra for trellis coded 8-PSK, 16-QAM and 32-AMPM modulation schemes is evaluated using the methods proposed by Schlegel. Distance spectra of 16-state 8-PSK scheme are computed for different intersymbol interference channels. It is seen that on channels with intersymbol interference the spectral lines are spread into a nearly continuous spectrum and the minimum Euclidean distance between codewords decreases severely. Hence, although the main contribution at large signal to noise ratios comes from the minimum Euclidean distance ( d_{free} ) , higher spectral components also become very important at moderate values of the signal …


Control Chart Pattern Recognition Using Artificial Neural Networks, Şeref Sağiroğlu, Erkan Beşdok, Mehmet Erler Jan 2000

Control Chart Pattern Recognition Using Artificial Neural Networks, Şeref Sağiroğlu, Erkan Beşdok, Mehmet Erler

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Precise and fast control chart pattern (CCP) recognition is important for monitoring process environments to achieve appropriate control and to produce high quality products. CCPs can exhibit six types of pattern: normal, cyclic, increasing trend, decreasing trend, upward shift and downward shift. Except for normal patterns, all other patterns indicate that the process being monitored is not functioning correctly and requires adjustment. This paper describes a new type of neural network for speeding up the training process and to compare three training algorithms in terms of speed, performance and parameter complexity for CCP recognition. The networks are multilayered perceptrons trained …


Thickness Dependence Of C/A Polytwin Structures Observed In Epitaxial Oxide Ferroelectric Thin Films, S. Pami̇r Alpay, Alexander L. Roytburd Jan 2000

Thickness Dependence Of C/A Polytwin Structures Observed In Epitaxial Oxide Ferroelectric Thin Films, S. Pami̇r Alpay, Alexander L. Roytburd

Turkish Journal of Physics

Ferroelectric or ferroelastic epitaxial films undergoing a cubic-to-tetragonal phase transformation usually relax the resultant strain energy due to lattice misfit by forming a polytwin (polydomain) structure. Polydomain formation occurs at the expense of building interdomain interfaces and microstresses which develop at the film-substrate interface due to the periodic deviation of the strain. The interplay between these components results in a critical thickness for domain formation below which the polydomain structure is not stable. In this article, we investigate the film thickness dependence of a polydomain structure using a thermodynamical approach.


Interaction Between Cesium Chloride Molecules And Metal Atoms Under Coadsorption On A Single Graphite Layer On Iridium, N. M. Nasrullaev Jan 2000

Interaction Between Cesium Chloride Molecules And Metal Atoms Under Coadsorption On A Single Graphite Layer On Iridium, N. M. Nasrullaev

Turkish Journal of Physics

Using the method of continuos flow to investigate the kinetics of reaction between atoms and molecules, the efficiency of substitution reactions (K, Na, Li)+ CsCl is shown to decrease. The efficiency is found to strongly depend on temperature tending to saturation with decreasing temperature. This fact is in accordance with Bonzel's concept.


Thermal Stability Of Fe_{85.5}B_{14.5} Metallic Glass, Asghari Maqsood, Ashfaq Ahmad Jan 2000

Thermal Stability Of Fe_{85.5}B_{14.5} Metallic Glass, Asghari Maqsood, Ashfaq Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Physics

The thermal stability and crystallization behaviour of metallic glass Fe\( _{85.5} \)B\( _{14.5} \) were investigated by Dynamic Temperature Resistivity Measurement (DTRM) technique from room temperature to 1050K in forward and reverse mode at a heating rate of 40 K/hr. The slope of Resistivity-Temperature-Curve (RTC) changes sign and magnitude at the temperature where the transition takes place. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) was carried out at the heating rates of 10, 20, 30 \& 40 K/min. A comparison of the results of DTRM and DTA measurements shows that crystallization in this alloy is two-stage process. Activation energy for two crystallization steps …


K-Vacancy Production In The Collision Of Highly Charged Relativistic Ions With Heavy Atoms, P. K. Khabibullaev, V. I. Matveev, D. U. Matrasulov Jan 2000

K-Vacancy Production In The Collision Of Highly Charged Relativistic Ions With Heavy Atoms, P. K. Khabibullaev, V. I. Matveev, D. U. Matrasulov

Turkish Journal of Physics

A general expression for the cross section of the inelastic collision of relativistic highly charged ion with heavy (relativistic) atoms is obtained using the generalized eikonal approximation. In the ultrarelativistic limit, the obtained formula coincides with a known exact one. As an application of the obtained result, probability and cross section of the K-vacany production in the $U^{92+} - U^{91+}$ collision are calculated.


Steady States Of Dynamically Coupled Two-Species Systems, Muntasi̇r Barma, Sri̇ram Ramaswamy Jan 2000

Steady States Of Dynamically Coupled Two-Species Systems, Muntasi̇r Barma, Sri̇ram Ramaswamy

Turkish Journal of Physics

We study the steady states of two stochastic lattice models with two species of particles, where the local mobility of one species depends on the spatial distribution of the other. The eigenvalues of a $2\times 2$ matrix of couplings can develop imaginary parts, and the question arises whether this implies an instability to a macroscopically different steady state. In the first model, where the mobility depends on the local density of the other species, we show that the system undergoes macroscopic phase separation. In the second model, where the mobility depends on the second derivative of the density of the …


An Efficient Algorithm To Determine The Periodic Steady-State Solutions Of Nonlinear Systems Using Extended Spectral Analysis, Gülay Tohumoğlu Jan 2000

An Efficient Algorithm To Determine The Periodic Steady-State Solutions Of Nonlinear Systems Using Extended Spectral Analysis, Gülay Tohumoğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A new method for the solution of nonlinear periodic systems was developed. It avoids the time domain calculations of the whole network equations. In the proposed method, by forming the augmented network as linear and nonlinear subnetworks these subnetworks are formulated in complex frequency and time domain respectively. Using spectral analysis the steady-state periodic solution of the whole nonlinear network is reached by an iterative approach. The method can be applied efficiently to weak and strong nonlinear circuits equally well. When we divide the network into a large linear subnetwork and a small nonlinear subnetwork, this method can be applied …


Efficient Presentations For Some Direct Products Of Groups, Bi̇lal Vatansever, David M. Gill Jan 2000

Efficient Presentations For Some Direct Products Of Groups, Bi̇lal Vatansever, David M. Gill

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we give efficient presentations for $A_4\times D_n$, where n is odd number, or n is even number and (n,3)=1. We also give efficient presentations for $A_5\times D_n$ where n is an even or odd number.


Some Results On Derivation Groups, Murat Alp Jan 2000

Some Results On Derivation Groups, Murat Alp

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we describe a share package XMOD of functions for computing with finite, permutation crossed modules, their morphisms and derivations; cat$^1$-groups, their morphisms and their sections, written using the GAP \cite{GAP} group theory programming language. We also give some mathematical results for derivations. These results are suggested by the output produced by the XMOD package.


Strongly Prime Ideals In Cs-Rings, Gonca Güngöroğlu Jan 2000

Strongly Prime Ideals In Cs-Rings, Gonca Güngöroğlu

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We study and characterize strongly prime right ideals in CS-rings.


On Non-Homogeneous Riemann Boundary Value Problem, Kadi̇r Kutlu Jan 2000

On Non-Homogeneous Riemann Boundary Value Problem, Kadi̇r Kutlu

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper we consider non-homogeneous Riemann boundary value problem with unbounded oscillating coefficients on a class of open rectifiable Jordan curve.


A Remark On The Asymptotic Properties Of Positive Homogeneous Maps On Homogeneous Lattices, Alp Eden Jan 2000

A Remark On The Asymptotic Properties Of Positive Homogeneous Maps On Homogeneous Lattices, Alp Eden

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

An abstract version of Lyapunov exponents is defined for positive homogeneous maps on Homogeneous Lattices and a sufficient condition is given for the asymptotic stability of the map.


Multipliers Between Orlicz Sequence Spaces, P. B. Djakov, M. S. Ramanuan Jan 2000

Multipliers Between Orlicz Sequence Spaces, P. B. Djakov, M. S. Ramanuan

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let $M, N $ be Orlicz functions, and let $D(\ell_M , \ell_N ) $ be the space of all diagonal operators (that is multipliers) acting between the Orlicz sequence spaces $\ell_M$ and $\ell_N$. We prove that the space of multipliers $D(\ell_M , \ell_N )$ coincides with (and is isomorphic to) the Orlicz sequence space $ \ell_{M_N^{*}} ,$ where $ M_N^{*} $ is the Orlicz function defined by $M_N^{*}(\lambda ) = \sup \{ N(\lambda x) - M(x), \; x \in (0,1) \}$.


Studies On The Methylation Of 5-Nitro-Benzimidazoles, Mashooda Hasan, Farzana Shaheen, Uzma Yunus Jan 2000

Studies On The Methylation Of 5-Nitro-Benzimidazoles, Mashooda Hasan, Farzana Shaheen, Uzma Yunus

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Methylation of 2H, 5-nitro- (1) and 2-ethyl, 5-nitro- (2) benzimidazoles separately with methyl iodide in acetone in the presence of potassium carbonate yielded 2H, 5/6-nitro-(3A and 3B) and 2-ethyl, 5/6-nitro- (4A and 4B) methylbenzimidazoles respectively. Methylation of 1 and 2 in dimethylformamide in place of acetone yielded not only 3A, 3B and 4A, 4B respectively, but in addition 1,3-dimethyl-5-nitro-benzimidazol-2-one (5) was also obtained in each case. The structure of the synthesized compounds was determined with the help of mass and ^1H NMR spectroscopic analysis.


Mass-Radius Relations For Helium White Dwarfs, Ri̇kkat Ci̇velek, Ni̇lgün Kiziloğlu Jan 2000

Mass-Radius Relations For Helium White Dwarfs, Ri̇kkat Ci̇velek, Ni̇lgün Kiziloğlu

Turkish Journal of Physics

We studied the static mass-radius relation of white dwarf stars with masses greater than 0.45 $M_\odot$. We assumed pure degenerate helium interiors at a finite temperature with luminosity-mass ratio due to neutrino energy loss. We compared the obtained M-R relation with those of other writers.


An Extended Adiabatic Approach For Nuclear Reactions, Mustafa Yilmaz, Bülent Gönül Jan 2000

An Extended Adiabatic Approach For Nuclear Reactions, Mustafa Yilmaz, Bülent Gönül

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this letter, an alternative approximation is developed for the treatment of breakup process in nuclear reactions, which presents a way of evaluating non-adiabatic corrections to the adiabatic model three-body wavefunction by introducing a more consistent prescription for the continuum n-p center of mass energy. Although the present formalism goes beyond the quasi-adiabatic approach, due to the use of exact continuum channel energies, its application to deuteron involving reactions at medium energies shows that such an approach can not be used in its present form. A possible reason behind this failure is discussed.


Temperature Dependence Of Vickers Microhardness And Creep Study Of In_X Bi_{2-X} Te_3 Crystals, G. R. Pandya, S. R. Bhavsar, C. F. Desai Jan 2000

Temperature Dependence Of Vickers Microhardness And Creep Study Of In_X Bi_{2-X} Te_3 Crystals, G. R. Pandya, S. R. Bhavsar, C. F. Desai

Turkish Journal of Physics

Temperature dependence of Vickers microhardness of ln$_x$ Bi$_{2-x}$ Te$_3$ single crystals with x ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 has been studied. Loading time dependence of microhardness at different temperatures has been used for creep study in the temperature range 300 K to 400 K. The activation energy for indentation creep of the crystals has been evaluated.


Microhardness Creep In Single Crystals Of Tin-Chalcogenides, S. M. Vyas, C. F. Desai, R. C. Shah, G. R. Pandya Jan 2000

Microhardness Creep In Single Crystals Of Tin-Chalcogenides, S. M. Vyas, C. F. Desai, R. C. Shah, G. R. Pandya

Turkish Journal of Physics

SnSe and SnS have been grown by Bridgman- Stockbarger method. Loading time as a function of vickers microhardness has been measured at different temperatures in the range 303 K to 388K. Al measurement of hardness have been carried out on the cleavage planes. The activation energy for creep has been evaluated to be 2.92 and 1.75 K Cal/mole, respectively, for SnSe and SnS crystals.


Doping Of High-Temperature Superconductors, Sh. Meretliev, K. B. Sadykov, A. Berkeliev Jan 2000

Doping Of High-Temperature Superconductors, Sh. Meretliev, K. B. Sadykov, A. Berkeliev

Turkish Journal of Physics

High-temperature superconducting ceramics systems YBaCuO and BiSrCaCuO, both doped by Pb, Sb, Li, K, Na and non-doped, have been produced by the method of solid phase reaction synthesis. The principle of controlled valency by Vervey has been used to characterize high-temperature superconductors. High-temperature superconducting ceramics have been obtained with properties stable in time by single-purpose doping.