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Articles 1 - 30 of 412
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
On A Tower Of Garcia And Stichtenoth, Seher Tutdere
On A Tower Of Garcia And Stichtenoth, Seher Tutdere
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In 2003, Garcia and Stichtenoth constructed a recursive tower F = (F_n)_{n \geq 0} of algebraic function fields over the finite field F_q, where q = l^r with r \geq 1 and l > 2 is a power of the characteristic of F_q. They also gave a lower bound for the limit of this tower. In this paper, we compute the exact value of the genus of the algebraic function field F_n/F_q for each n \geq 0. Moreover, we prove that when q = 2^k, with k \geq 2, the limit of the tower F attains the lower bound given by …
Homological Dimensions Of Complexes Related To Cotorsion Pairs, Chongqing Wei, Limin Wang, Husheng Qiao
Homological Dimensions Of Complexes Related To Cotorsion Pairs, Chongqing Wei, Limin Wang, Husheng Qiao
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Let (A, B) be a cotorsion pair in R-Mod. We define and study notions of A dimension and B dimension of unbounded complexes, which is given by means of dg-projective resolution and dg-injective resolution, respectively. As an application, we extend the Gorenstein flat dimension of complexes, which was defined by Iacob. Gorenstein cotorsion, FP-projective, FP-injective, Ding projective, and Ding injective dimension are also extended from modules to complexes. Moreover, we characterize Noetherian rings, von Neumann regular rings, and QF rings by the FP-projective, FP-injective, and Ding projective (injective) dimension of complexes, respectively.
Highly Nonconcurrent Longest Paths And Cycles In Lattices, Yasir Bashir
Highly Nonconcurrent Longest Paths And Cycles In Lattices, Yasir Bashir
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We investigate here the connected graphs with the property that any pair of vertices are missed by some longest paths (or cycles), embeddable in n-dimensional lattices L^n where L denotes the set of integers.
On Transformations Of Index 1, Leyla Bugay, Osman Kelekci̇
On Transformations Of Index 1, Leyla Bugay, Osman Kelekci̇
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The index and the period of an element a of a finite semigroup are defined as the smallest values of m \geq 1 and r \geq 1 such that a^{m+r}=a^m, respectively. If m=1 then a is called an element of index 1. The aim of this paper is to find some properties of the elements of index 1 in T_n, which we call transformations of index 1.
Horizontally Submersions Of Contact Cr-Submanifolds, Fortune Massamba, Tshikunguila Tshikuna-Matamba
Horizontally Submersions Of Contact Cr-Submanifolds, Fortune Massamba, Tshikunguila Tshikuna-Matamba
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we discuss some geometric properties of almost contact metric submersions involving symplectic manifolds. We show that the structures of quasi-K-cosymplectic and quasi-Kenmotsu manifolds are related to (1, 2)-symplectic structures. For horizontally submersions of contact CR-submanifolds of quasi-K-cosymplectic and quasi-Kenmotsu manifolds, we study the principal characteristics and prove that their total spaces are CR-product. Curvature properties between curvatures of quasi-K-cosymplectic and quasi-Kenmotsu manifolds and the base spaces of such submersions are also established. We finally prove that, under a certain condition, the contact CR-submanifold of a quasi Kenmotsu manifold is locally a product of a totally geodesic leaf …
Moment Equalities For Sums Of Random Variables Via Integer Partitions And Faà Di Bruno's Formula, Dietmar Ferger
Moment Equalities For Sums Of Random Variables Via Integer Partitions And Faà Di Bruno's Formula, Dietmar Ferger
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We give moment equalities for sums of independent and identically distributed random variables including, in particular, centered and specifically symmetric summands. Two different types of proofs, combinatorial and analytical, lead to 2 different types of formulas. Furthermore, the combinatorial method allows us to find the optimal lower and upper constants in the Marcinkiewicz--Zygmund inequalities in the case of even moment-orders. Our results are applied to give elementary proofs of the classical central limit theorem (CLT) and of the CLT for the empirical bootstrap. Moreover, we derive moment and exponential inequalities for self-normalized sums.
Central Configurations In The Collinear 5-Body Problem, Muhammad Shoaib, Anoop Sivasankaran, Abdulrehman Kashif
Central Configurations In The Collinear 5-Body Problem, Muhammad Shoaib, Anoop Sivasankaran, Abdulrehman Kashif
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
We study the inverse problem of central configuration of collinear general 4- and 5-body problems. A central configuration for n-body problems is formed if the position vector of each particle with respect to the center of mass is a common scalar multiple of its acceleration. In the 3-body problem, it is always possible to find 3 positive masses for any given 3 collinear positions given that they are central. This is not possible for more than 4-body problems in general. We consider a collinear 5-body problem and identify regions in the phase space where it is possible to choose positive …
Coloring Hypercomplete And Hyperpath Graphs, Yusuf Ci̇van, Demet Taylan
Coloring Hypercomplete And Hyperpath Graphs, Yusuf Ci̇van, Demet Taylan
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Given a graph G with an induced subgraph H and a family F of graphs, we introduce a (hyper)graph H_H(G;F)=(V_H, E_H), the hyper-H (hyper)graph of G with respect to F, whose vertices are induced copies of H in G, and \{H_1,H_2,\ldots,H_r\} \in E_H if and only if the induced subgraph of G by the set \cup_{i=1}^r H_i is isomorphic to a graph F in the family F, and the integer r is the least integer for F with this property. When H is a k-complete or a k-path of G, we abbreviate H_{K_k}(G;F) and H_{P_k}(G;F) to H_k(G;F) and HP_k(G;F), respectively. …
Euler-Seidel Matrices Over F_P, Nesri̇n Tutaş
Euler-Seidel Matrices Over F_P, Nesri̇n Tutaş
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
A Euler--Seidel matrix is determined by an infinite sequence whose elements are given by recursion. The recurrence relations are investigated for numbers and polynomials such as hyperharmonics, Lucas numbers, and Euler and Genocchi polynomials. Linear recurring sequences in finite fields are employed, for instance, in coding theory and in several branches of electrical engineering. In this work, we define the period of a Euler--Seidel matrix over a field F_p with p elements, where p is a prime number. We give some results for the matrix whose initial sequence is \{s_r(n)\}_{n=0}^{\infty}, where s_r(n)=\sum_{k=0}^n {\binom{n}{k}}^r, n \geq 0, and r is a …
On Betti Series Of The Universal Modules Of Second Order Derivations Of \Frac{K[X_1,X_2,...,X_S]}{(F)}, Ali̇ Erdoğan, Hali̇se Meli̇s Teki̇n Akçi̇n
On Betti Series Of The Universal Modules Of Second Order Derivations Of \Frac{K[X_1,X_2,...,X_S]}{(F)}, Ali̇ Erdoğan, Hali̇se Meli̇s Teki̇n Akçi̇n
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Let R be a coordinate ring of an affine irreducible curve represented by \frac{k[x_1,x_2,...,x_s]}{(f)} and m be a maximal ideal of R. In this article, the Betti series of \Omega_2(R_m) is studied. We proved that the Betti series of \Omega_2(R_m), where \Omega_2(R_m) denotes the universal module of second order derivations of R_m, is a rational function under some conditions.
Some Results On T-Noncosingular Modules, Rachid Tribak
Some Results On T-Noncosingular Modules, Rachid Tribak
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The notion of T-noncosingularity of a module has been introduced and studied recently. In this article, a number of new results of this property are provided. It is shown that over a commutative semilocal ring R such that Jac(R) is a nil ideal, every T-noncosingular module is semisimple. We prove that for a perfect ring R, the class of T-noncosingular modules is closed under direct sums if and only if R is a primary decomposable ring. Finitely generated T-noncosingular modules over commutative rings are shown to be precisely those having zero Jacobson radical. We also show that for a simple …
A Class Of Uniquely (Strongly) Clean Rings, Orhan Gürgün, Ayşe Çi̇ğdem Özcan
A Class Of Uniquely (Strongly) Clean Rings, Orhan Gürgün, Ayşe Çi̇ğdem Özcan
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper we call a ring R \delta_r-clean if every element is the sum of an idempotent and an element in \delta(R_R) where \delta(R_R) is the intersection of all essential maximal right ideals of R. If this representation is unique (and the elements commute) for every element we call the ring uniquely (strongly) \delta_r-clean. Various basic characterizations and properties of these rings are proved, and many extensions are investigated and many examples are given. In particular, we see that the class of \delta_r-clean rings lies between the class of uniquely clean rings and the class of exchange rings, and …
On The Structure Of Some Modules Over Generalized Soluble Groups, Leonid Andreevich Kurdachenko, Igor Yakov Subbotin, Vasiliy Anatolievich Chupordya
On The Structure Of Some Modules Over Generalized Soluble Groups, Leonid Andreevich Kurdachenko, Igor Yakov Subbotin, Vasiliy Anatolievich Chupordya
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
Let R be a ring and G a group. An R-module A is said to be Artinian-by-(finite rank) if Tor_R(A) is Artinian and A/ Tor_R(A) has finite R-rank. We study a module A over a group ring RG such that A/C_A(H) is Artinian-by-(finite rank) (as an R-module) for every proper subgroup H.
On 2 Nonsplit Extension Groups Associated With Hs And Hs:2, Jamshid Moori, Thekiso Seretlo
On 2 Nonsplit Extension Groups Associated With Hs And Hs:2, Jamshid Moori, Thekiso Seretlo
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
The group HS:2 is the full automorphism group of the Higman--Sims group HS. The groups 2^{4.}S_6 and 2^{5.}S_6 are maximal subgroups of HS and HS:2, respectively. The group 2^{4.}S_6 is of order 11520 and 2^{5.}S_6 is of order 23040 and each of them is of index 3 850 in HS and HS:2, respectively. The aim of this paper is to first construct \overline{G} = 2^{5.}S_6 as a group of the form 2^{4.}S_6.2 (that is, \overline{G} = G_1.2) and then compute the character tables of these 2 nonsplit extension groups by using the method of Fischer--Clifford theory. We will show that …
On Finsler Metrics With Vanishing S-Curvature, Akbar Tayebi, Hassan Sadeghi, Esmaeil Peyghan
On Finsler Metrics With Vanishing S-Curvature, Akbar Tayebi, Hassan Sadeghi, Esmaeil Peyghan
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper, we consider Finsler metrics defined by a Riemannian metric and a 1-form on a manifold. We study these metrics with vanishing S-curvature. We find some conditions under which such a Finsler metric is Berwaldian or locally Minkowskian.
Conformally Parallel Spin(7) Structures On Solvmanifolds, Selman Uğuz
Conformally Parallel Spin(7) Structures On Solvmanifolds, Selman Uğuz
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
In this paper we review the Spin(7) geometry in relation to solvmanifolds. Starting from a 7-dimensional nilpotent Lie group N endowed with an invariant G_2 structure, we present an example of a homogeneous conformally parallel Spin(7) metric on an associated solvmanifold. It is thought that this paper could lead to very interesting and exciting areas of research and new results in the direction of (locally conformally) parallel Spin(7) structures.
Geometry Of Almost Cliffordian Manifolds: Classes Of Subordinated Connections, Jaroslav Hrdina, Petr Vasik
Geometry Of Almost Cliffordian Manifolds: Classes Of Subordinated Connections, Jaroslav Hrdina, Petr Vasik
Turkish Journal of Mathematics
An almost Clifford and an almost Cliffordian manifold is a G--structure based on the definition of Clifford algebras. An almost Clifford manifold based on O:= Cl (s,t) is given by a reduction of the structure group GL(km, R) to GL(m, O), where k=2^{s+t} and m \in N. An almost Cliffordian manifold is given by a reduction of the structure group to GL(m, O) GL(1, O). We prove that an almost Clifford manifold based on O is such that there exists a unique subordinated connection, while the case of an almost Cliffordian manifold based on O is more rich. A class …
Early Pleistocene Freshwater Communities And Rodents From The Pasinler Basin (Erzurum Province, North-Eastern Turkey), Davit Vasilyan, Simon Schneider, Memet Sali̇h Bayraktutan, Şevket Şen
Early Pleistocene Freshwater Communities And Rodents From The Pasinler Basin (Erzurum Province, North-Eastern Turkey), Davit Vasilyan, Simon Schneider, Memet Sali̇h Bayraktutan, Şevket Şen
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
An Early Pleistocene lacustrine faunal assemblage from Pasinler (Erzurum Province, north-eastern Turkey) is described, which encompasses 13 mollusc, 5 fish, 2 amphibian, 1 reptile, and 1 mammal species. The autochthonous freshwater mollusc fauna indicates shallow stagnant waters and a fine-sandy to muddy lake bottom, grown with submersed plants. The fish community (Leuciscus sp., Rutilus sp., Chondrostoma sp., Leuciscinae sp. 1 and 2, and Capoeta sp.) and autochthonous herpetofauna (Latonia sp. and Natrix sp.) provide evidence of a well-oxygenised palaeolake with rich periphyton and partially rocky to gravelly bottom. Moreover, the presence of the terrestrial snail Caspicyclotus cf. akramowsii, the peri- …
On The Reconstruction Of Plant Photosynthetic And Stress Physiology Across The Triassic-Jurassic Boundary, Matthew Haworth, Angela Gallagher, Elysia Sum, Marlene Hill-Donnelly, Margret Steinthorsdottir, Jennifer Mcelwain
On The Reconstruction Of Plant Photosynthetic And Stress Physiology Across The Triassic-Jurassic Boundary, Matthew Haworth, Angela Gallagher, Elysia Sum, Marlene Hill-Donnelly, Margret Steinthorsdottir, Jennifer Mcelwain
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Triassic-Jurassic boundary (TJB) coincides with major disruption to the carbon cycle and global warming as the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province developed. This resulted in both marine and terrestrial extinctions, with terrestrial plants thought to experience thermal stress as global temperatures and atmospheric CO_2 levels rose. As plant compression fossils typically only preserve external morphological features, it has not been possible to reconstruct plant paleophysiology in order to elucidate the mechanisms underlying plant stress and extinction. Here we present a new approach allowing us to infer the photosynthetic performance and stress physiology of fossil plants, applied to fossil Ginkgoales across …
Ree Geochemical Characteristics Of Titanium-Rich Bauxites: The Permian Kanigorgeh Horizon, Nw Iran, Ali Abedini, Ali Asghar Calagari
Ree Geochemical Characteristics Of Titanium-Rich Bauxites: The Permian Kanigorgeh Horizon, Nw Iran, Ali Abedini, Ali Asghar Calagari
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Permian Kanigorgeh bauxite horizon is one of the typical titanium-rich bauxite deposits in the northeast of Bukan, West Azerbaijan Province, NW Iran. It is a part of the Irano-Himalayan karst bauxite belt and was developed as discontinuous stratified layers and lenses in Upper Permian carbonates. Mineralogically, diaspore and kaolinite are 2 major mineral phases accompanied by boehmite, smectite, illite, rutile, anatase, hematite, goethite, chlorite, quartz, and plagioclase as minor phases. Geochemical considerations for a selected profile indicate that the concentration values of rare earth elements (REEs) in the bauxite ores range from 8.9 to 200.4 ppm. Eu and Ce …
Geochemistry Of Sands Along The San Nicolás And San Carlos Beaches, Gulf Of California, Mexico: Implications For Provenance And Tectonic Setting, John Selvamony Armstrong Altrin, Ramasamy Nagarajan, Yong Il Lee, Juan José Kasper Zubillaga, Leslie Patricia Córdoba Saldaña
Geochemistry Of Sands Along The San Nicolás And San Carlos Beaches, Gulf Of California, Mexico: Implications For Provenance And Tectonic Setting, John Selvamony Armstrong Altrin, Ramasamy Nagarajan, Yong Il Lee, Juan José Kasper Zubillaga, Leslie Patricia Córdoba Saldaña
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The weathering conditions, provenance, and tectonic setting of sands from the San Nicolás (SN) and San Carlos (SC) beaches along the Gulf of California, Mexico, have been studied using mineralogy, major element, and trace element data. The compositional similarity among 4 independent groups (each beach area consists of 2 grain-size groups, i.e. medium- and fine-grained sands) was tested statistically by the application of analysis of variance at the 99% confidence level to avoid misinterpretation. The X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS data revealed that the fine-grained SN sands were abundant in rutile and zircon minerals. The higher SiO_2/Al_2O_3 ratio of the SN …
Structural Analyses Of Şaphane Relay Ramps And Fault Linkage Evolution In Active Extensional Regime, Western Turkey, Şule Gürboğa
Structural Analyses Of Şaphane Relay Ramps And Fault Linkage Evolution In Active Extensional Regime, Western Turkey, Şule Gürboğa
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Şaphane relay ramps (SAR-I and SAR-II) are well-developed structures formed by extensional tectonic settings in western Turkey. Their formation is controlled by the configuration of 2 different breaching faults located in between and the overlapping area of 3 normal faults, which are the Şaphane, Gürlek, and Yumrutaş faults. The relay ramps form within a ~3 km-wide and ~12 km-long interaction zone between 045° and 060° trending faults on the northern boundary of the Erdoğmuş-Yenigediz graben. Some variations in structural styles and its products (for example, overlapping slip-lines (slickenlines), fractures, and antithetic-synthetic faults) are observed along the breaching faults in …
A Performance Comparison Of Linear And Nonlinear Control Of A Scig-Wind Farm Connecting To A Distribution Network, Mohamed Benchagra, Mohamed Maaroufi, Mohammed Ouassaid
A Performance Comparison Of Linear And Nonlinear Control Of A Scig-Wind Farm Connecting To A Distribution Network, Mohamed Benchagra, Mohamed Maaroufi, Mohammed Ouassaid
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
This study presents a comparison of linear and nonlinear control to regulate the DC-link voltage and power factor correction of a wind farm equipped with squirrel cage induction generators (SCIGs), connecting to a 22-kV distribution network. Both active and reactive powers are employed in 2 independent control laws. The proposed control strategies are derived from the Lyapunov approach. The aim of the control is to maximize the generated power with the lowest possible impact in the grid voltage and frequency during normal operation and under the occurrence of faults. The nonlinear backstepping controller to be used for the control of …
A Learning Method To Evaluate A Generation Company's Bidding Strategy In The Electricity Market, Shengjie Yang, Jiangang Yao
A Learning Method To Evaluate A Generation Company's Bidding Strategy In The Electricity Market, Shengjie Yang, Jiangang Yao
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In the electricity market, generation companies (GenCos) are usually faced with the problem of choosing a better bidding strategy. They often have to evaluate each possible strategy according to its potential reward. In a competitive market environment, the electricity price is stochastic and volatile, and the GenCo's mixed strategies also make the problem more complicated. In this paper, we model the market price with a Markov regime-switching model and propose the temporal difference learning method in the Markov decision process to approximate the expected reward over an infinite horizon. The simulations based on this method have achieved the evaluation of …
Coherence Analysis On Thermal Effect For Power Cables Under Different Environmental Conditions, Sezai̇ Taşkin, Şahi̇n Serhat Şeker, Özcan Kalenderli̇, Murat Karahan
Coherence Analysis On Thermal Effect For Power Cables Under Different Environmental Conditions, Sezai̇ Taşkin, Şahi̇n Serhat Şeker, Özcan Kalenderli̇, Murat Karahan
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
There are 2 important aspects of this research; these are the experimental study and the data analysis, which are based on coherence analysis. In this study, a low-voltage power cable is tested under 2 different environments, air and water, and the variations in temperature are measured for the conductor, the sheath parts of the cable, and the environment. The recorded test data are analyzed using such as coherence analysis. This in turn provides the means to determine the relationship among the sheath, conductor, and the environment. In conclusion, high correlated peaks in the frequency domain are used to determine the …
Inverse Covariance Principal Component Analysis For Power System Stability Studies, Abdullah Alodienat, Tauseef Gulrez
Inverse Covariance Principal Component Analysis For Power System Stability Studies, Abdullah Alodienat, Tauseef Gulrez
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The dominant poles (eigenvalues) of system matrices are used extensively in determining the power system stability analysis. The challenge is to find an accurate and efficient way of computing these dominant poles, especially for large power systems. Here we present a novel way for finding the system stability based on inverse covariance principal component analysis (ICPCA) to compute the eigenvalues of large system matrices. The efficacy of the proposed method is shown by numerical calculations over realistic power system data and we also prove the possibility of using ICPCA to determine the eigenvalues closest to any damping ratio and repeated …
Optimal Fuzzy Load Frequency Controller With Simultaneous Auto-Tuned Membership Functions And Fuzzy Control Rules, Abas Ali Zamani, Ehsan Bijami, Farid Sheikholeslam, Bahram Jafrasteh
Optimal Fuzzy Load Frequency Controller With Simultaneous Auto-Tuned Membership Functions And Fuzzy Control Rules, Abas Ali Zamani, Ehsan Bijami, Farid Sheikholeslam, Bahram Jafrasteh
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, an auto-tuned fuzzy load frequency controller (FLFC)-based artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is developed to quench the deviations in the frequency and tie-line power due to load disturbances in an interconnected power system. Optimal tuning of membership functions (MFs) and fuzzy control rules is very important to improve the design performance and achieve a satisfactory level of robustness for a particular operation. In this work, to reduce the fuzzy system design effort and take large parametric uncertainties into account, a new systematic and simultaneous tuning method is developed for designing MFs and fuzzy rules. For this, the …
A Novel Sms Application With Gsm Control On Numerator Systems, Ali̇ Sarikaş, Zi̇ya Ekşi̇, Cüneyt Yücelbaş, Ali̇ Buldu
A Novel Sms Application With Gsm Control On Numerator Systems, Ali̇ Sarikaş, Zi̇ya Ekşi̇, Cüneyt Yücelbaş, Ali̇ Buldu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Numerator systems are widely used in various fields, sorting, and structures to ensure regular functioning. They are used today in places such as banks and hospitals to minimize the time spent waiting in a queue, and various studies have been undertaken to achieve efficiency in the workplace. At the beginning of these studies, numerator systems, which have been integrated into the short message service (SMS) application, have been used efficiently. With this application, to supply the required information to the user in the fastest way, a numerator system is developed by utilizing radio frequency communications and the SMS message structure. …
A Methodology For Memristance Calculation, Reşat Mutlu, Ertuğrul Karakulak
A Methodology For Memristance Calculation, Reşat Mutlu, Ertuğrul Karakulak
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
A memristor is a newly found fundamental circuit element whose behavior can be predicted using either the charge-dependent function called memristance or the flux-dependent function called memductance. Therefore, it is important to find the memristance or memductance function of a memristor. To the best of our knowledge, there is no methodology describing how to obtain the memristance function or memristor characteristic in the literature for this purpose as of yet. In this work, a methodology is suggested to find the memristance or memductance functions. The methodology suggests first doing several experiments with a memristor using a square-wave signal to acquire …
Adaptive Feedback Control For Linear Singular Systems, Azita Azarfar, Heydar Toossian Shandiz, Masoud Shafiee
Adaptive Feedback Control For Linear Singular Systems, Azita Azarfar, Heydar Toossian Shandiz, Masoud Shafiee
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
An adaptive state feedback control approach for linear descriptor (or singular) systems is investigated in this paper, which makes the closed-loop dynamics of this class of systems regular, impulse-free, and stable. The proposed adaptive method is based on the Lyapunov theorem to ensure the admissibility of the descriptor system and it also provides the state tracking with the desired reference trajectory. First, a control law is generated to stabilize the equilibrium point of origin, and, after that, the method is extended to a state tracking controller. The presented controller not only gets the stable output tracking asymptotically but is also …