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Articles 1 - 30 of 114
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
An Itpa Enzyme With Improved Substrate Selectivity, Nicholas E. Burgis, Kandise Vanwormer, Devin Robbins, Jonathan Smith
An Itpa Enzyme With Improved Substrate Selectivity, Nicholas E. Burgis, Kandise Vanwormer, Devin Robbins, Jonathan Smith
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Recent clinical data have identified infant patients with lethal ITPA deficiencies. ITPA is known to modulate ITP concentrations in cells and has a critical function in neural development which is not understood. Polymorphism of the ITPA gene affects outcomes for both ribavirin and thiopurine based therapies and nearly one third of the human population is thought to harbor ITPA polymorphism. In a previous site-directed mutagenesis alanine screen of the ITPA substrate selectivity pocket, we identified the ITPA mutant, E22A, as a gain-of function mutant with enhanced ITP hydrolysis activity. Here we report a rational enzyme engineering experiment to investigate the …
Tardys Quantifiers: Extracting Temporal And Reversible Dynamical Symmetries, Nhat Vu Minh Nguyen, Arjendu K. Pattanayak, Andres Aragoneses
Tardys Quantifiers: Extracting Temporal And Reversible Dynamical Symmetries, Nhat Vu Minh Nguyen, Arjendu K. Pattanayak, Andres Aragoneses
2023 Symposium
One of the great challenges in complex and chaotic dynamics is to reveal the details of its underlying determinism. This can be manifest in the form of temporal correlations or structured patterns in the dynamics of a measurable variable. These temporal dynamical structures are sometimes a consequence of hidden global symmetries. Here we identify the temporal (approximate) symmetries of a semiconductor laser with external optical feedback, based on which we define the Temporal And Reversible DYnamical Symmetry (TARDYS) quantifiers to evaluate the relevance of specific temporal correlations in a time series. We show that these symmetries are also present in …
A Confluence Of Cultural And Water History With The Seli’Š Ksanka Qlispe’ Dam Formerly Named The Kerr Dam, Allisen A. Hansen
A Confluence Of Cultural And Water History With The Seli’Š Ksanka Qlispe’ Dam Formerly Named The Kerr Dam, Allisen A. Hansen
2023 Symposium
The Seli’š Ksanka Qlispe’ Dam (SKC Dam), formerly known as the Kerr Dam is the first Native American tribally owned dam in the United States. Located on the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes(CSKT) of the Flathead Reservation, on the Flathead River in Montana, the dam was once considered the blight of the Whiteman’s landgrab and genocide of culture and language. Now it is a source of hope to the tribe to help its members and improve its future. Completed in 1938, it is one of two dams on the Flathead River, just south of the Flathead Lake. By following the …
Arginine-178 Is An Essential Residue For Itpa Function, Nicholas E. Burgis, Caitlin April, Kandise Vanwormer
Arginine-178 Is An Essential Residue For Itpa Function, Nicholas E. Burgis, Caitlin April, Kandise Vanwormer
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
The inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA) enzyme plays a critical cellular role by removing noncanonical nucleoside triphosphates from nucleotide pools. One of the first pathological ITPA mutants identified is R178C (rs746930990), which causes a fatal infantile encephalopathy, termed developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 35 (DEE 35). The accumulation of noncanonical nucleotides such as inosine triphosphate (ITP), is suspected to affect RNA and/or interfere with normal nucleotide function, leading to development of DEE 35. Molecular dynamics simulations have shown that the very rare R178C mutation does not significantly perturb the overall structure of the protein, but results in a high level of structural …
Baseline Data For Assessing Beaver Dam Analogs As A Restoration Tool In Fire-Affected Tributaries Of The Methow And Okanogan Watersheds, Katelin Killoy
Baseline Data For Assessing Beaver Dam Analogs As A Restoration Tool In Fire-Affected Tributaries Of The Methow And Okanogan Watersheds, Katelin Killoy
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
Incised streams are disconnected from their floodplains and no longer store water effectively. This leads to diminished ecosystem function, loss of critical riparian and aquatic habitats, and reduced biodiversity. Beaver dams improve incised streams by raising surface and groundwater levels, leading to reconnected floodplains. When beaver establishment is not feasible, Beaver Dam Analogs (BDAs) may be used to mitigate damage from stream incision and facilitate beaver establishment. However, it is unclear how effective BDAs are at mimicking natural beaver dams, especially on streams affected by high-intensity wildfires. The objective of my research is to collect baseline data needed to assess …
A Hierarchical Approach To Improve The Ant Colony Optimization Algorith, Bryan J. Fischer
A Hierarchical Approach To Improve The Ant Colony Optimization Algorith, Bryan J. Fischer
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
The ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) is a fast heuristic-based method for finding favorable solutions to the traveling salesman problem (TSP). When the data set reaches larger values however, the ACO runtime increases dramatically. As a result, clustering nodes into groups is an effective way to reduce the size of the problem while leveraging the advantages of the ACO algorithm. The method for recombining groups of nodes is explored by treating the graph as a hierarchy of clusters, and modifying the original ACO heuristic to operate on a hypergraph. This method of using hierarchical clustering is significantly faster than the …
Solitons And Their Applications In Physics, B. A. Yount
Solitons And Their Applications In Physics, B. A. Yount
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
No abstract provided.
Investigation Of Small Mammal Species Richness, Abundance, And Genetic Population Structure On And Around The Eastern Washington University Prairie Restoration Site, Sarah Deshazer
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
Small mammals are an ecologically important component of every landscape on Earth. They are a food source for higher trophic level animals, disperse plant seed and mycorrhizal fungi spore, engineer the landscape through burrowing and foraging activities, and alter plant community composition through selective predation of seed and grain. Studies have shown that small mammals may help facilitate the transition between successive stages in prairie restoration. Eastern Washington University has dedicated 120 acres of campus land to restoration of native prairie habitat. Small mammals can play both a positive and a negative role in restoration, therefore it is important to …
Reconstructing The Ecological Relationships Of The Latest Cretaceous Antarctic Dinosaurs And How Functional Tooth Morphology Influenced Diet And Ecological Niche Among Basal Ornithopod Dinosaurs, Ian Broxson
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
Of the final three connected Gondwanan landmasses, the dinosaur fossil record of Antarctica in the Cretaceous is the least complete. Most dinosaur faunas in this time period (145 Ma to 66.0 Ma) are widely separated geographically and temporally from one another by million years. However, a group of non-avian dinosaurs from the James Ross Basin (JRB) of the Antarctic Peninsula, composed of two elasmarians, a parankylosaurian ankylosaur, a hadrosaur and a suspected megaraptor, all are represented by fragmentary remains have emerged from the same horizon of the Sandwich Bluff Member (SBM) of the López de Bertodano Formation and were thus, …
Modeling Repairable System Failure Data Using Nhpp Realiability Growth Mode., Eunice Ofori-Addo
Modeling Repairable System Failure Data Using Nhpp Realiability Growth Mode., Eunice Ofori-Addo
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
Stochastic point processes have been widely used to describe the behaviour of repairable systems. The Crow nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) often known as the Power Law model is regarded as one of the best models for repairable systems. The goodness-of-fit test rejects the intensity function of the power law model, and so the log-linear model was fitted and tested for goodness-of-fit. The Weibull Time to Failure recurrent neural network (WTTE-RNN) framework, a probabilistic deep learning model for failure data, is also explored. However, we find that the WTTE-RNN framework is only appropriate failure data with independent and identically distributed interarrival …
Examining The Effects Of Seed Mix Diversity And Composition, Biochar Application, Seeding Rate, Species Identity, And Topography On Palouse Prairie Restoration, Thurman Johnson
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
With over 99.9% of the Palouse prairie lost to land conversion, restoring native plant communities is crucial for ecological function, however, research on Palouse prairie restoration methods is sparse. Seed-based restoration uses a mix of seeded species to enhance competition against weeds, diversify vegetation, and adapt to environmental conditions. However, many factors can be varied, such as seed mix diversity and composition, the proportion of forbs to grasses, and seeding rate, and the most effective levels of each are not clear. Further, soil amendments, such as biochar, may benefit properties of tilled soils, but have not explored in Palouse Prairie …
Fairy Shrimp (Anostraca) In The Vernal Pools Of Eastern Washington, Megan Garvey
Fairy Shrimp (Anostraca) In The Vernal Pools Of Eastern Washington, Megan Garvey
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
Vernal pools are ephemeral wetlands that retain water annually from winter and spring precipitation and snowmelt but are dry the rest of the year. Though important habitats and sources of freshwater biodiversity, they are little accounted for in wetland conservation and restoration practices. Like much of the world’s wetlands, they have seen a significant decline from anthropogenic impacts and conversion for alternative land use. Pools are also at significant risk due to the impacts of climate change and invasive species. These small temporary water bodies perform vital ecosystem services and are host to rare and endemic species. Anostraca, or fairy …
Multimodal Game-Based Learning In Post-Secondary Education, Nathan A. Vanos
Multimodal Game-Based Learning In Post-Secondary Education, Nathan A. Vanos
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
In this age of unprecedented technological proliferation, educators have been given a unique opportunity to enhance classroom engagement. That opportunity is multimodal game-based learning (MGBL): classroom instruction through a combination of games and multiple modalities of information. Using today’s 3D systems and virtual reality tools, this concept can be explored to depths never before possible. The aim of this project was to design and implement an application that could be used to evaluate how MGBL could impact student engagement and learning, specifically at the post-secondary level. The application implemented during this work was a 3D and virtual reality Simulator for …
Using Geologic Principles And Data To Create A Symphony For Wind Ensemble, Thomas J. Davis
Using Geologic Principles And Data To Create A Symphony For Wind Ensemble, Thomas J. Davis
2022 Symposium
Geology and geologic processes have featured in many pieces of classical music such as Alan Hovhaness’ symphonic works after Mt. St. Helens and Glacier Peak but these pieces are impressionistic and only take general inspiration from the geology of their subjects. This paper describes the creation of Tectonics (2021) a piece which incorporates and describes many geologic principles and processes, such as mantle convection, through the musical form of cannon, the formation of fold and thrust belts whose cross sections are directly visually recreated in the score, and the physical dynamics of earthquake waves demonstrated through variations of pitch and …
Using Lidar To Estimate Carbon Sequestration Of Evergreen Trees At Eastern Washington University (Ewu) Campus, Cheney, Washington, Kristy A. Snyder
Using Lidar To Estimate Carbon Sequestration Of Evergreen Trees At Eastern Washington University (Ewu) Campus, Cheney, Washington, Kristy A. Snyder
2022 Symposium
EWU contains a variety of deciduous and evergreen trees across its campus, providing several benefits. However, no comprehensive record exists of the total number, location, species, or ages of these trees. This knowledge can inform facilities of proper care for individual trees and can be used to estimate carbon sequestration on campus. Traditional on-the-ground methods for assessing trees require tree cores or clinometers, making trees susceptible to pests or disease and leading to inaccurate results. Remote sensing using lidar data is a noninvasive, more precise method to measure tree height and subsequently assess tree age. This poster explores using point …
Reconstructing The Ecological Relationships Of Late Cretaceous Antarctic Dinosaurs And How Functional Tooth Morphology Influenced These Relationships, Ian D. Broxson
2022 Symposium
The Sandwich Bluff Formation of the James Ross Basin of Antarctica has recently yielded a group of five late Cretaceous dinosaurs that lived contemporaneously with each other, a first for Antarctica. These five dinosaurs include fragmentary remains of two differently sized elasmarian ornithopods, a possible megaraptor, a hadrosaur, and a nodosaur. In this study we will construct a model of the ecological relationships of late Cretaceous Antarctica. Additionally, we will look at what specific factors allowed this group of four herbivores and a carnivore to coexist in a restricted locality and what niches were filled by each species. Methods to …
Groundwater Modeling Of The West Plains, Wa, Erin L. Toulou, Chad Pritchard Phd, Lauren Stachowiak Phd
Groundwater Modeling Of The West Plains, Wa, Erin L. Toulou, Chad Pritchard Phd, Lauren Stachowiak Phd
2022 Symposium
Located in Eastern Washington in the West Plains Region sits a plateau of Columbia River Basalts between Deep Creek, Hangman Creek, and south of the Spokane River. Primarily in Airway Heights, the amount of drinking water as well as the quality of the water has affected residents in the area. The most recent issue is PFAS contamination, which is thought to negatively affect human health and is found in drinking water wells across the West Plains. We can interpret subsurface geology using new well logs from Fairchild Air Force Base and in the Palisades area. When using ArcGIS PRO, well …
Enhanced Study Of Complex Systems By Unveiling Hidden Symmetries With Dynamical Visibility, Nhat Vu Minh Nguyen
Enhanced Study Of Complex Systems By Unveiling Hidden Symmetries With Dynamical Visibility, Nhat Vu Minh Nguyen
2022 Symposium
One of the great challenges in complex and chaotic dynamics is to reveal its deterministic structures. These temporal dynamical structures are sometimes a consequence of hidden symmetries. Detecting and understanding them can allow the study of complex systems even without knowing the full underlying mathematical description of the system. Here we introduce a new technique, called Dynamical Visibility, that quantifies temporal correlations of the dynamics based upon some symmetry conditions. This visibility measures the departure of the dynamics from internal symmetries. We apply this technique to well-known chaotic systems, such as the logistic map and the circle map, as well …
Detrital Zircon Ages In Heavily Folded Quartzite Compared To Steptoe Butte, Travis A. Morton, Chad Pritchard
Detrital Zircon Ages In Heavily Folded Quartzite Compared To Steptoe Butte, Travis A. Morton, Chad Pritchard
2022 Symposium
Folded and altered quartzite along Interstate 90 and the Palouse to Cascades Trail out of Rosalia, WA preserves a record of the region’s tectonic past. The working hypothesis is that the sandstone is Cambrian (roughly 500 million years old) and was metamorphosed and deformed during the Sevier orogeny (roughly 150 to 50 million years ago), and then uplifted about 50 million years ago. The first step to address the hypothesis is to determine the age of the rocks using detrital zircon U/Pb analyses. The second step is for a detailed field study to identify relationships between metamorphic grades and geologic …
Deciphering Regional Geology Using The New Usgs-Ewu Mineral Separation Lab, Zachary Shimp, Katlin Gamache, Travis Morton, Chad Pritchard
Deciphering Regional Geology Using The New Usgs-Ewu Mineral Separation Lab, Zachary Shimp, Katlin Gamache, Travis Morton, Chad Pritchard
2022 Symposium
U/Pb radiometric dating of zircon is one of the most widely used methods to determine the crystallization ages of igneous and metamorphic rocks and the provenance of sedimentary rocks. Eastern Washington University (EWU) has collaborated with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to build a mineral separation lab for isolating zircon (and other) minerals for analysis. This lab was completed in Fall 2022 and is currently being transferred to the new ISC for future use. Graphically illustrated below are the methods used for sampling and pulverizing the rock, as well as grain mount preparation techniques. One of the EWU projects that …
Exceptional Agate Formation Found In Spokane Basalt, Matthew J. Markus
Exceptional Agate Formation Found In Spokane Basalt, Matthew J. Markus
2022 Symposium
People don’t normally associate semi-precious gems with basalt or the “boring black rock” that dominates the Eastern Washington landscape. However, a site just northeast of Cheney in the West Planes of Spokane, shows where a system of gem-filled veins can be found nestled into the 16-million-year-old (Kasbohm and Schoene, 2018) Priest Rapids Member of the Wanapum Basalt that is a part of the greater Columbia River Basalt. The volcanic rocks are the host to millimeter - 10 cm wide fractures with variable colored agate and opal.
Empirical Comparison Of Machine Learning Methods For Wind Power Predictions, Sidny M. Stewart
Empirical Comparison Of Machine Learning Methods For Wind Power Predictions, Sidny M. Stewart
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
No abstract provided.
Ductile And Brittle Deformation Of Slackwater Deposits In The Tucannon River Valley, Chelsi K. Howard
Ductile And Brittle Deformation Of Slackwater Deposits In The Tucannon River Valley, Chelsi K. Howard
Geosciences Student Work
The Tucannon River valley in eastern Washington is home to a number of ductile and brittle soft-sediment deformation. This project aims to look at ductile deformation by classifying and comparing styles of clastic dikes in the field and to look at brittle deformation by analyzing small faults in localized outcrops. Clastic dikes are sedimentary intrusions into other sedimentary strata. There are three main types of clastic dikes: injection, extrusion, and sugtrusion. In addition, two subcategories of clastic dikes are described as sheeted dikes and fault injection dikes. Ductile and brittle deformation occurs in “slackwater” deposits associated with margins of glacial …
Geologic Study Of The Palisades Park, Spokane, Washington, Ethan Jeffrey Ducken, Alex Michael Navarra
Geologic Study Of The Palisades Park, Spokane, Washington, Ethan Jeffrey Ducken, Alex Michael Navarra
Geosciences Student Work
The Palisades Park is a large City owned tract of land located on the western bluffs above Spokane. The purpose of this project was to create a geologic map and assess the features within the park for the benefit of a public conservation group, Friends of the Palisades. There are 3 main units identified by previous research in the vicinity. Volcanic rock units are part of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG), which erupted primarily between 16.5 to 15.6 MA (Hammond 2013). Large sedimentary interbeds identified as Latah formation present between CRB flows (Swanson et al 1979a, 1979b). Latah formation …
Analysis Of Dishman Hills Structure And Hydrogeology, Cole R. Mcgregor
Analysis Of Dishman Hills Structure And Hydrogeology, Cole R. Mcgregor
Geosciences Student Work
The structural and hydrogeology of Dishman Hills Conservation Area was interpreted to gain a better picture of its interaction with the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie aquifer. The rock in this area is Precambrian Ravalli Group with granitic migmatites. This is due to exhumation causing decompression melting in between the bed layers. Other rocks such as amphibolite, gneiss, schist, quartzite, and phyllite are seen along with granitic dikes (WSDNR). This rock type covers all of the Dishman area and is Precambrian in age. Due to tectonic forces in the Spokane area, fractures have also formed within the Precambrian rock. Water will concentrate …
Bryozoan Taxa Of The Toroweap Formation Of Clark County, Nevada, Amy Joy Hess
Bryozoan Taxa Of The Toroweap Formation Of Clark County, Nevada, Amy Joy Hess
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Beaver Dam Analogs On Stream Ecosystem Function Of Crab Creek, Washington State, Nicholas D. Broderius
Effects Of Beaver Dam Analogs On Stream Ecosystem Function Of Crab Creek, Washington State, Nicholas D. Broderius
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
This study documents the effects of beaver dam analogs (BDAs) on nutrient transport, fish community composition, macroinvertebrate drift, and benthic macroinvertebrate communities of Crab Creek, WA, USA. In 2019, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), and Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) placed 25 BDAs in Crab Creek on a section of private land near Harrington, WA. Beaver dam analogs are structures placed in streams to mimic the ecosystem effects of beaver activity and are increasingly used as a stream restoration technique. The primary goals of placing these BDAs in the stream was to impound sediment and create a new …
Password-Less Two-Factor Authentication Using Scannable Barcodes On A Mobile Device, Grant M. Callant Ii
Password-Less Two-Factor Authentication Using Scannable Barcodes On A Mobile Device, Grant M. Callant Ii
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
Currently, passwords are the default method used to authenticate users. As hardware continues to advance in speed, breaking these passwords becomes easier. The traditional solution to this problem is ever increasing password complexity and two-factor authentication. However, users become strained under overly complex login systems and often circumvent them. Two-factor authentication also adds to this complexity and many forms of two-factor authentication are inherently insecure. In answer to these problems, this project proposes a password-less multi-factor authentication system, which leverages the tried-and-proven existing technologies, asymmetric cryptography, digital signatures, and biometric authentication. Simulated user testing shows promising results, suggesting that registration …
Beaver Moderated Fire Resistance In The North Cascades And Potential For Climate Change Adaptation, Joseph John Weirich Iii
Beaver Moderated Fire Resistance In The North Cascades And Potential For Climate Change Adaptation, Joseph John Weirich Iii
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
Climate change and fire suppression have altered historic fire regimes, creating conditions for larger, more intense fires. Intense burns can alter watershed hydrology, increasing the potential for harmful channel incision, which impairs riparian ecosystem function by lowering the water table, disconnecting floodplains from aquatic environments. However, wetlands and functioning riparian zones can reduce burn intensity. Beaver, with their unique ability to build dams, can restore incised and degraded streams, store water, and expand wetland environments, potentially decreasing wildfire intensity, fire spread and create fire breaks across the landscape. My objective was to test the hypothesis that beaver impoundments increase landscape …
Moving The Needle On Prairie Conservation: A Palouse Prairie Restoration/Reconstruction Needs Assessment And The Effect Of Intra-Annual Soil Moisture Changes On Balsamroot Seedling Establishment, Sarah Hill
EWU Masters Thesis Collection
The Palouse prairie of Eastern Washington and Western Idaho is one of the most endangered ecosystems in the United States. After 140 years of intensive agriculture, less than 1% of prairie habitat remains, making Palouse prairie conservation and restoration a critical need. This study sought to: 1) conduct a thorough needs assessment for Palouse prairie restoration and reconstruction, identifying challenges and opportunities that when addressed, could increase Palouse prairie restoration successes, and 2) gain insight into the effects of intra-annual soil moisture fluctuations on the seedling establishment of Arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata), since establishment of slow growing perennial species like …