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Veterinary Medicine Commons

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2020

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Articles 301 - 330 of 508

Full-Text Articles in Veterinary Medicine

Tissue Tropisms Of Avian Influenza A Viruses Affect Their Spillovers From Wild Birds To Pigs, Xiaojian Zhang, Fred L. Cunningham, Lei Li, Katie Hanson-Dorr, Liyuan Liu, Kaitlyn Waters, Minhui Guan, Alicia K. Olivier, Brandon S. Schmit, Jacqueline M. Nolting, Andrew S. Bowman, Mia Kim Torchetti, Thomas J. Deliberto, Xiu-Feng Wan Jan 2020

Tissue Tropisms Of Avian Influenza A Viruses Affect Their Spillovers From Wild Birds To Pigs, Xiaojian Zhang, Fred L. Cunningham, Lei Li, Katie Hanson-Dorr, Liyuan Liu, Kaitlyn Waters, Minhui Guan, Alicia K. Olivier, Brandon S. Schmit, Jacqueline M. Nolting, Andrew S. Bowman, Mia Kim Torchetti, Thomas J. Deliberto, Xiu-Feng Wan

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Wild aquatic birds maintain a large, genetically diverse pool of influenza A viruses (IAVs), which can be transmitted to lower mammals and, ultimately, humans. Through phenotypic analyses of viral replication efficiency, only a small set of avian IAVs were found to replicate well in epithelial cells of the swine upper respiratory tract, and these viruses were shown to infect and cause virus shedding in pigs. Such a phenotypic trait of the viral replication efficiency appears to emerge randomly and is distributed among IAVs across multiple avian species and geographic and temporal orders. It is not determined by receptor binding preference …


Using Bioenergetics And Radar-Derived Bird Abundance To Assess The Impact Of A Blackbird Roost On Seasonal Sunflower Damage, Bonnie A. Clark, Page E. Klug, Phillip M. Stepanian, Jeffrey F. Kelly Jan 2020

Using Bioenergetics And Radar-Derived Bird Abundance To Assess The Impact Of A Blackbird Roost On Seasonal Sunflower Damage, Bonnie A. Clark, Page E. Klug, Phillip M. Stepanian, Jeffrey F. Kelly

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Methods aimed at reducing avian damage to agricultural crops are routinely implemented in situations where efficacy can be assessed by quantifying blackbird (Icteridae) abundance relative to environmental variables and extrapolating to ensuing crop damage. Concomitantly, Weather Surveillance Radar (WSR) data may have potential to enhance crop damage mitigation through improved monitoring of nuisance wildlife populations. We used WSR to derive daily abundance estimates of blackbirds at a fall roost in North Dakota, USA from 2012 to 2019. We integrated these estimates with previously developed bioenergeticseconomic models to estimate local sunflower (Helianthus annuus) damage. The greatest losses usually occurred during …


Historic And Contemporary Use Of Catfish Aquaculture By Piscivorous Birds In The Mississippi Delta, Paul C. Burr, Jimmy L. Avery, Garrett M. Street, Bronson K. Strickland, Brian S. Dorr Jan 2020

Historic And Contemporary Use Of Catfish Aquaculture By Piscivorous Birds In The Mississippi Delta, Paul C. Burr, Jimmy L. Avery, Garrett M. Street, Bronson K. Strickland, Brian S. Dorr

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Piscivorous birds are the primary source of catfish (Ictalurus spp.) depredation at aquaculture facilities in northwestern Mississippi. Of particular concern is the Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), which can cost aquaculture producers millions of dollars annually through the depredation of cultured fish. Historical research conducted in the early 2000s estimated cormorant use of aquaculture ponds in the region, but aquaculture area has decreased by more than 70% since those estimates were made. With less aquaculture available, we predicted cormorant densities on aquaculture would be greater today than historically. Applying a similar methodology as in historical studies, we used …


Invasive Species Control And Resolution Of Wildlife Damage Conflicts: A Framework For Chemical And Genetically Based Management Methods, Larry Clark, John Eisemann, John Godwin, Katherine Horak, Kevin Oh, Jeanette R. O'Hare, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Kim M. Pepin, Emily W. Ruell Jan 2020

Invasive Species Control And Resolution Of Wildlife Damage Conflicts: A Framework For Chemical And Genetically Based Management Methods, Larry Clark, John Eisemann, John Godwin, Katherine Horak, Kevin Oh, Jeanette R. O'Hare, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Kim M. Pepin, Emily W. Ruell

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Vertebrate wildlife damage management relates to developing and employing methods to mitigate against damage caused by wildlife in the areas of food production, property damage, and animal or human health and safety. Of the many management tools available, chemical methods (e.g., toxicants) draw the most attention owing to issues related to environmental burden, species specificity, and humaneness. Research and development focusing on RNA interference and gene drives may be able to address the technical aspects of performance goals. However, there remain many questions about regulation, environmental risk, and societal acceptance for these emerging biological technologies. Here we focus on the …


Repellent Surface Applications For Pest Birds, Shelagh T. Deliberto, James C. Carlson, Hailey E. Mclean, Caroline S. Olson, Scott J. Werner Jan 2020

Repellent Surface Applications For Pest Birds, Shelagh T. Deliberto, James C. Carlson, Hailey E. Mclean, Caroline S. Olson, Scott J. Werner

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Common pest birds in the United States include the non-native European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), house sparrow (Passer domesticus), and the pigeon (Columba livia domestica), as well as native birds including Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and gull species (Laridae). Large concentrations of pest birds can create human health hazards and monetary losses due to consumption of crops, depredation, and fecal contamination and accumulation. Fecal contamination hazards include the potential spread of zoonotic diseases including antimicrobial-resistant zoonoses and human injury due to the accumulation of fecal material on walking surfaces. Additionally, fecal accumulation causes …


Black Vulture Conflict And Management In The United States: Damage Trends, Management Overview, And Research Needs, Bryan M. Kluever, Morgan Pfeiffer, Scott C. Barras, Brett Dunlap, Lee A. Humberg Jan 2020

Black Vulture Conflict And Management In The United States: Damage Trends, Management Overview, And Research Needs, Bryan M. Kluever, Morgan Pfeiffer, Scott C. Barras, Brett Dunlap, Lee A. Humberg

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Contrary to rapid declines of many vulture (Accipitridae, Cathartidea) species worldwide, black vulture (Coragyps atratus) populations are increasing and expanding their range in North America. Vultures exhibit complex behaviors and can adapt to any human-dominated landscape or land use. These traits, combined with population growth and range expansion, have contributed to increased human–vulture conflicts. Our goal was to summarize the current status and trends in human–black vulture conflicts (hereafter human– vulture conflicts), review available management strategies, identify knowledge gaps, and provide recommendations to enhance management and understanding of this species and the associated conflicts. We found human–vulture conflicts …


Review Of Ospreys: The Revival Of A Global Raptor, By Alan F. Poole. 2019., Lisa Fields, Brian E. Washburn Jan 2020

Review Of Ospreys: The Revival Of A Global Raptor, By Alan F. Poole. 2019., Lisa Fields, Brian E. Washburn

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

For the past three decades, Alan Poole’s (1989) Ospreys: A Natural and Unnatural History has provided a solid foundation for those seeking a primer on the basic biology and ecology of Ospreys (Pandion haliaetus). Poole’s summary of knowledge about Ospreys was written at a time when these amazing birds were recovering from their DDTinduced population crash, but this important book has long been out of print. In the intervening decades, much has been learned regarding Ospreys. In his new book, Ospreys: The Revival of a Global Raptor, Poole guides the reader through a tour of Ospreys’ worldwide distribution and population …


Population Increases Of Large Birds In North America Pose Challenges For Aviation Safety, Richard A. Dolbeer Jan 2020

Population Increases Of Large Birds In North America Pose Challenges For Aviation Safety, Richard A. Dolbeer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

There is a strong correlation between bird mass and the likelihood of aircraft damage during a bird–aircraft collision. Thus, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has established airworthiness standards related to bird mass for engines, airframes, and windshields. Most standards use large (1.8 kg) and medium (1.1 kg) birds as benchmarks (the empennage and certain large turbofan engines use a 3.6-kg bird). There are 20 large (≥1.8 kg) and 16 medium (1.1–1.7 kg) bird species in North America with ≥20 strikes reported for civil aircraft (FAA National Wildlife Strike Database), 1990 to 2018. I analyzed the population changes of these …


Clinical Diagnosis, Ultrastructural Study And Antigenic Characterization Of Platynosomum Fastosum In Cats, Babi Kyi Soe Jan 2020

Clinical Diagnosis, Ultrastructural Study And Antigenic Characterization Of Platynosomum Fastosum In Cats, Babi Kyi Soe

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Platynosomum fastosum is a cat liver fluke causing hepatobiliary diseases in cats. To evaluate the criterior to support the suspicion index for early disease detection during subclinical infection, the biochemical parameters composed of liver, pancreatic enzymes, tumor markers were evaluated in 14 P. fastosum naturally-infected cats. As a result, alanine transaminase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were found elevated in 57.8% (8/14) of infected cats. For the diagnostic imaging, bile sediments were present in 85.7% (12/14) of infected cats in their gallbladders. Since the number of bile-derived P. fastosum eggs were significantly higher than that from fecal samples (p=0.001), …


Fabrication Of Three-Dimensional (3-D) Corneal Transplantable Model From Silk Fibroin/Gelatin-Based Biomaterial, Chutirat Torsahakul Jan 2020

Fabrication Of Three-Dimensional (3-D) Corneal Transplantable Model From Silk Fibroin/Gelatin-Based Biomaterial, Chutirat Torsahakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Canine corneal blindness is a common cause of vision loss and visual impairment worldwide. While the demand of canine corneal graft is continuously elevated, the clinical useable grafts are limited to acellular biomaterials and allograft. This study aimed to generate the tissue-engineered canine cornea in the part of corneal epithelium and underlying stroma based on cLESCs (canine limbal epithelial stem cells) seeded silk fibroin and gelatin (SF/G) film and cCSSCs (canine corneal stromal stem cells) seeded SF/G scaffold respectively. Both cell types were successfully isolated by collagenase I. SF/G films and scaffolds served as the prospective substrates for cLESCs and …


Comparison Of Canine Urinary Bacterial Population In Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis And Healthy Conditions, Nichamon Rakprakobkij Jan 2020

Comparison Of Canine Urinary Bacterial Population In Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis And Healthy Conditions, Nichamon Rakprakobkij

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Urolithiasis is one of the most common lower urinary tract diseases in dogs. Struvite is the most canine uroliths reported, and the second reported is calcium oxalate (CaOx). However, the proportion of CaOx urolithiasis tends to be increased. CaOx urolithiasis has high incidence of recurrence after the treatment and the pathogenesis of the stone formation is uncleared. Recent studies revealed that oxalate degrader bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract has important roles in CaOx stone formation but no research has been done to study the composition and the role of microbiome in the urinary tract of dogs with CaOx urolithiasis. This …


Development Of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Clove Oil As Anesthetic Agent In White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei), Somrudee Kaewmalun Jan 2020

Development Of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Clove Oil As Anesthetic Agent In White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei), Somrudee Kaewmalun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Clove oil is an essential oil extracted from the dried buds and leaves of the clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum). Clove oil contains eugenol as the main active ingredient. Clove oil used as an anesthesia functions as calming effect, loss of equilibrium, non-reactivity and consciousness in lead to reduce activity, physiological stress, mortality rate, and preventing cannibalism method during handling and transportation. However, the component of clove oil is insoluble in water and must be dissolved in ethanol. So, clove oil ethanolic solution leading to toxic and irritation in animal and user. In this study, to avoid this side effect, the …


Antimicrobial Resistance In Salmonella Enterica Isolated From Dogs And Cats In Northern And Northeastern Thailand, Thanich Chantharothaiphaichit Jan 2020

Antimicrobial Resistance In Salmonella Enterica Isolated From Dogs And Cats In Northern And Northeastern Thailand, Thanich Chantharothaiphaichit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is One Health issue involved in humans, animals and environment and a unified One Health approach is required to contain this problematic issue. However, data on AMR in companion animals is limited. Dogs and cats are popular pet animals and are known to carry many bacterial pathogens that are of public health importance, including Salmonella. This study aimed to identify serovars of Salmonella and phenotypically and genetically characterize AMR in Salmonella isolated from dogs and cats in Northern and Northeastern Thailand. A total of 178 S. enterica isolates from dogs (n= 159) and cats (n= 19) collected …


One Welfare, The Role Of Health Professionals, And Climate Change, Anne Fawcett Jan 2020

One Welfare, The Role Of Health Professionals, And Climate Change, Anne Fawcett

Animal Sentience

Wiebers & Feigin argue that the COVID-19 crisis is a call for humanity to rethink our relationships with animals and the environment. This One Welfare approach has implications for the role of health care professionals and demands that we address climate change.


Serum Chemistry Values In Wild Black Vultures In Mississippi, Usa, Fred L. Cunningham, Sherman W. Jack, Amanda R. Deese, Eric R. Wengert, Kyle Van Why, Carla L. Huston, Scott Lemmons, Richard B. Minnis Jan 2020

Serum Chemistry Values In Wild Black Vultures In Mississippi, Usa, Fred L. Cunningham, Sherman W. Jack, Amanda R. Deese, Eric R. Wengert, Kyle Van Why, Carla L. Huston, Scott Lemmons, Richard B. Minnis

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Vultures (Cathartidae and Accipitridae) play an important role in ecosystem balance by rapidly disposing animal carcasses and thus preventing the potential spread of pathogens. Blood chemistry values provide a means of assessing the health of wildlife and wild animal populations; however, there are significant differences in chemistries among species and when comparing captive and free-living New and Old World vultures. In 2007, we collected blood serum from 30 female and 14 male wild, healthy black vultures (Coragyps atratus) live-trapped by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services from a power substation in …


Mapping Of Diabetes Susceptibility Loci In A Domestic Cat Breed With An Unusually High Incidence Of Diabetes Mellitus, Lois Balmer, Caroline Ann O’Leary, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, Victor David, Stephen O’Brien, Belinda Penglis, Sher Hendrickson, Mia Reeves-Johnson, Susan Gottlieb, Linda Fleeman, Dianne Vankan, Jacquie Rand, Grant Morahan Jan 2020

Mapping Of Diabetes Susceptibility Loci In A Domestic Cat Breed With An Unusually High Incidence Of Diabetes Mellitus, Lois Balmer, Caroline Ann O’Leary, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond, Victor David, Stephen O’Brien, Belinda Penglis, Sher Hendrickson, Mia Reeves-Johnson, Susan Gottlieb, Linda Fleeman, Dianne Vankan, Jacquie Rand, Grant Morahan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Genetic variants that are associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D) are important for identification of individuals at risk and can provide insights into the molecular basis of disease. Analysis of T2D in domestic animals provides both the opportunity to improve veterinary management and breeding programs as well as to identify novel T2D risk genes. Australian-bred Burmese (ABB) cats have a 4-fold increased incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to Burmese cats bred in the United States. This is likely attributable to a genetic founder effect. We investigated this …


Possible Ensiling Of Pumpkin (Cucurbita Pepo) Residues, İsmai̇l Ülger, Mahmut Kali̇ber, Selma Büyükkiliç Beyzi̇, Yusuf Konca Jan 2020

Possible Ensiling Of Pumpkin (Cucurbita Pepo) Residues, İsmai̇l Ülger, Mahmut Kali̇ber, Selma Büyükkiliç Beyzi̇, Yusuf Konca

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the current study was to determine the feasibility of ensiling pumpkin residues alone and with forage. For this purpose, chemical composition, nutritive values, and in vitro gas production of pumpkin residue silages were investigated. Pumpkin residue (PR), maize fodder (M), sugar beet pulp (SBP), and pomegranate pulp (PP) were ensiled alone, and pumpkin residues were ensiled with maize (PRM), sugar beet pulp (PRSB), and pomegranate pulp (PRP) in 50% (50:50 w:w) of each, as well as with 5% wheat straw (PRS) and alfalfa hay (PRA). After 2 months of storage, chemical compositions and Fleig scores of the …


Investigation Of Propolis In Terms Of Hygienic Quality, Some Pathogenic Bacteria And Nosema Spp., Hayretti̇n Akkaya, Gülay Merve Bayrakal, Emek Dümen Jan 2020

Investigation Of Propolis In Terms Of Hygienic Quality, Some Pathogenic Bacteria And Nosema Spp., Hayretti̇n Akkaya, Gülay Merve Bayrakal, Emek Dümen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Propolis collected from plants by honeybees is used for the construction and protection of hives. In addition, propolis has been used in the treatment of many diseases since ancient times because of its antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. Despite all these positive health effects, propolis can be microbiologically risky for many reasons such as environmental contamination and insufficient personnel hygiene. Therefore, chemical, physical, antimicrobial properties as well as microbiological properties are among the parameters to be investigated. This study aims to explore propolis?s initial bacteriological and parasitological flora using 5 different parameters (total coliform group, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, …


Genetic Polymorphism Of Alpha S1-Casein In Bulgarian Sheep Breeds And Its Effect On Milk Composition, Deyana Gencheva, Petya Veleva, Nikolina Naidenova, Darina Pamukova Jan 2020

Genetic Polymorphism Of Alpha S1-Casein In Bulgarian Sheep Breeds And Its Effect On Milk Composition, Deyana Gencheva, Petya Veleva, Nikolina Naidenova, Darina Pamukova

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The genetic polymorphism of the alpha S1-casein (CSN1S1) was investigated in five sheep breeds reared in Bulgaria: Sofia (Elin-Pelin, SEPL), Copper-Red Shumen (CRSH), Local Karnobat (LKNB), Pleven Blackhead (PLBH), and Stara Zagora (STZG) sheep with an aim to establish the possible effect of a particular genotype on ovine milk composition. Based on nucleotide variation in exon III of the CSN1S1gene, two genetic variants (A and C) and three genotypes (AA, AC, and CC) have been identified using PCR-RFLP analysis on a total of 217 unrelated ewes. The allele frequencies determined a prevalence of the allele C (0.886) over the allele …


Anatomical And Histological Studies On The Eyes Of Brown Bear (Ursus Arctos Horribilis), Gülseren Kirbaş Doğan, Serap Koral Taşçi, Semi̇ne Dalga, Serap İlhan Aksu Jan 2020

Anatomical And Histological Studies On The Eyes Of Brown Bear (Ursus Arctos Horribilis), Gülseren Kirbaş Doğan, Serap Koral Taşçi, Semi̇ne Dalga, Serap İlhan Aksu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The studied animals belong to the horribilis subspecies, Ursus arctos species, Ursidae family, and Carnivora order. The eyes of 2 brown bears were used. Anatomic examinations demonstrated that the dorsoventral length of the lens was 9.03 ± 0.37 mm for the right eye and 8.54 ± 0.11 mm for the left eye. The dorsoventral length of the cornea measured 12.58 ± 0.46 mm for the right eye and 13.16 ± 0.27 mm for the left eye. In the histological examination of the tissues, the textures of the tunica fibrosa bulbi, tunica vasculosa bulbi, and tunica interna bulbi layers were evaluated. …


A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Mycoplasma Strains Circulating In Sheep Pneumonia In Thekars Region Of Turkey, Olcay Öztürkler, Sali̇h Otlu Jan 2020

A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Mycoplasma Strains Circulating In Sheep Pneumonia In Thekars Region Of Turkey, Olcay Öztürkler, Sali̇h Otlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to investigate Mycoplasma species by cultural and molecular methods in 250 pneumonics and 30 healthy appearance sheep lungs brought from slaughterhouse and butcheries in the Kars region of Turkey. The phylogenetic positioning of the bacterial strains to be obtained in the present study was another remarkable outcome of the study. Mycoplasma isolation was achieved solely in 26 (10.4%) of 250 sheep lungs with pneumonia. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae was found predominant species in 12 (46.15%) of samples and that was followed by Mycoplasma arginini in 4 (15.38%) of strains. Moreover, two samples were found to be co-infected with the …


Awareness And Adoption Level Of Subclinical Mastitis Diagnosis Among Dairy Farmers Ofpunjab, India, Vidya Nimbalkar, Harish Kumar Verma, Jaswinder Singh, Suresh Kumar Kansal Jan 2020

Awareness And Adoption Level Of Subclinical Mastitis Diagnosis Among Dairy Farmers Ofpunjab, India, Vidya Nimbalkar, Harish Kumar Verma, Jaswinder Singh, Suresh Kumar Kansal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a major and silent problem of public health concern. It causes higher economic losses with no initial visible changes in the appearance of milk or udder. Subclinically affected animals always remain a continuous source of infection. Most of the clinical mastitis (CM) cases start as subclinical; hence controlling SCM is the best way to reduce the incidence of diseases. A crosssectional study was carried out during 2018?19 in six districts from different agroclimatic zones of Punjab, India to describe awareness about various technologies and its adoption to diagnose SCM. The multistage random technique was used to …


Evaluation Of Hemodynamic, Hematological Parameters And The Clinical Effects Ofdexmedetomidine-Ketamine And Xylazine-Ketamine Anesthesia In Rabbits, Esra Ki̇razoğlu, Ünal Yavuz, Şükrü Gürler Jan 2020

Evaluation Of Hemodynamic, Hematological Parameters And The Clinical Effects Ofdexmedetomidine-Ketamine And Xylazine-Ketamine Anesthesia In Rabbits, Esra Ki̇razoğlu, Ünal Yavuz, Şükrü Gürler

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

With this study, it was aimed to assess the effects of experimentally induced dexmedetomidine-ketamine (DK) and xylazineketamine (XK) combinations on clinical parameters and hemodynamic and hematological parameters in rabbits. In the study, 16 male New Zealand breed rabbits were divided into two groups. Group DK (n = 8) was administered dexmedetomidine (25 μg/kg) and ketamine (30 mg/kg) in the same injector, and Group XK (n = 8) was administered xylazine (4 mg/kg) and ketamine (30 mg/kg) in the same injector through the intramuscular (IM) route. Following the injection, the rabbits' reflexes were tested approximately every 30 s. Hemodynamic parameters were …


Assessment Of Genetic Gain And Its Simulation For Performance Traits In Sahiwal Cattle, Poonam Ratwan, Atish Kumar Chakravarty, Manoj Kumar Jan 2020

Assessment Of Genetic Gain And Its Simulation For Performance Traits In Sahiwal Cattle, Poonam Ratwan, Atish Kumar Chakravarty, Manoj Kumar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study was conducted to estimate the expected genetic gain (ΔG) for first lactation performance traits in Sahiwal cattle as a result of direct selection of animals maintained at the ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute in India. Data pertaining to 305-day milk yield (305DMY), wet average (WA), and calving to first insemination interval (CFI) of the animals considering 13 counts of progenies/ sire were initially analyzed. The ΔG through direct selection was 43.68 kg/year, 0.13 kg/year, and 1.68 days/year for 305DMY, WA, and CFI, which was 1.97%, 1.65%, and 2.02% of herd average, respectively. In addition, ΔG was estimated by simulating …


In Vitro Investigation Of Netosis Reaction Developing From Dog Polymorphonuclearneutrophils To Toxoplasma Gondii, Güneş Karakurt, Kader Yildiz Jan 2020

In Vitro Investigation Of Netosis Reaction Developing From Dog Polymorphonuclearneutrophils To Toxoplasma Gondii, Güneş Karakurt, Kader Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Toxoplasma gondii is known to develop extracellular traps from neutrophils in some animal species such as mice, cattle, sheep, cats, and donkeys. This study aimed to investigate the extracellular trap structures formed in dog polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Dog PMN was isolated using Percoll dilutions (45%, 54%, 63%, and 72%). After incubation with tachyzoites, the extracellular traps originating from the dog PMNs were observed in the extracellular areas. Histones (H3), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and neutrophil elastase (NE), the characteristic features of NETosis reaction, were detected in extracellular areas. The tachyzoites were observed between the extracellular trap …


Assessment Of Polymorphism On Kappa-Casein Gene Of Anatolian Water Buffalo Breedusing The Pcr-Rflp Method, Yusuf Özşensoy Jan 2020

Assessment Of Polymorphism On Kappa-Casein Gene Of Anatolian Water Buffalo Breedusing The Pcr-Rflp Method, Yusuf Özşensoy

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Water buffalo breeding is practiced in various provinces of Turkey, and is also included in the National Breeding Project. It was aimed in this study to investigate polymorphisms on exon 4?intron 5 and exon 4 only of the kappa-casein (CSN3) gene for milk yields of water buffalo bred in Sivas Province. Blood samples were taken from 135 water buffaloes. The phenol/chloroform method for DNA extraction was conducted on collected blood. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify CSN3-specific regions, and amplified products were run using 2% agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE). Various restriction endonucleases (RE) were utilized in respect to …


Evaluation Of Animal Models For Genetic Analysis Of Growth Performance In Landlly Pigs, Snehasmita Panda, Gyanendra Kumar Gaur, Nihar Ranjan Sahoo, Sheikh Firdous Ahmad, Pruthviraj Devamma Ramachandrappa, Panch Kishor Bharti Jan 2020

Evaluation Of Animal Models For Genetic Analysis Of Growth Performance In Landlly Pigs, Snehasmita Panda, Gyanendra Kumar Gaur, Nihar Ranjan Sahoo, Sheikh Firdous Ahmad, Pruthviraj Devamma Ramachandrappa, Panch Kishor Bharti

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Selection of the most appropriate animal model for the estimation of genetic parameters for body weight was carried out using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedure at birth and thereafter at 3, 6, and 8 weeks of age in Landlly pigs. Six different models were fitted for each trait; by inclusion or exclusion of maternal additive genetic effect, maternal permanent environmental effect, and covariance between direct and maternal additive genetic effects. Records on 1968 piglets, born in 4 parities of 131 gilts/sows, sired by 68 boars during a period of 5 years from 2014 to 2018 were used. In order to …


Effect Of Breed On Growth Performance And Carcass Quality Attributes Of Apparentlyhealthy Male Weanling Rabbits Under A Conventional Housing System, Sahar Suleman, Shahid Ali Khan, Muhammad Haris Aziz Jan 2020

Effect Of Breed On Growth Performance And Carcass Quality Attributes Of Apparentlyhealthy Male Weanling Rabbits Under A Conventional Housing System, Sahar Suleman, Shahid Ali Khan, Muhammad Haris Aziz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present work was devised with an objective to assess growth performance and carcass quality attributes of male weanling rabbits of 5 different rabbit breeds (Dutch, New Zealand white rabbit, American black, wild, and dwarf brown) under a conventional housing system. Male weanling rabbits (n = 50; 10 per breed), weaned at about 4 weeks of age were studied for growth performance and carcass quality attributes at the 19th week of experimentation. The initial and slaughter weights of the animals were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) different for all breeds, with the highest values noticed in wild rabbits (940.1 ± 48.2 …


Surgical Management Of Infectious And Noninfectious Melting Corneal Ulcers In Cats, Aynur Demi̇r, Yusuf Altundağ, Gülşen Sevi̇m Karagözoğlu Jan 2020

Surgical Management Of Infectious And Noninfectious Melting Corneal Ulcers In Cats, Aynur Demi̇r, Yusuf Altundağ, Gülşen Sevi̇m Karagözoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A melting ulcer, characterized by the stromal dissolution of the cornea, is an important eye lesion that develops due to various reasons and threatens vision. Restoration of this lesion, which causes loss of corneal transparency, requires aggressive medical and surgical treatment. In medical treatment, stromal degeneration is controlled with agents that support topical antibacterial and stromal healing. Surgical treatment is applied using various techniques to remove structures damaged due to the progression of corneal melting and to promote corneal healing. In this study, lamellar keratectomy and the third eyelid flap techniques were combined with topical medical therapy in 20 cat …


Determination Of Nutritional Value Of Some Quinoa Varieties, Tugay Ayaşan Jan 2020

Determination Of Nutritional Value Of Some Quinoa Varieties, Tugay Ayaşan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritive value of 5 quinoa varieties (Inia431- Altiplano, White, Titicaca, Illpa Inia, and Carmen). As a result of the study, it was found that there were statistically significant differences between the quinoa varieties in terms of dry matter (DM), crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), neutral-detergent fiber (NDF), acid-detergent fiber (ADF), crude cellulose (CC), hemicellulose (HC), total digestible nutrients (TDN), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and net energy lactation (NEL) (P < 0.05). This is a preliminary study. In vivo and vitro studies are required.