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Veterinary Medicine Commons™

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2012

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Articles 151 - 180 of 271

Full-Text Articles in Veterinary Medicine

Optimum Temperature And Growth Performance Of Hatchery Reared Black Sea Flounder (Platichthys Flesus Luscus Pallas, 1814), İlhan Aydin, Orhan Ak, Ercan Küçük, Hamza Polat, Bi̇nnur Ceylan Jan 2012

Optimum Temperature And Growth Performance Of Hatchery Reared Black Sea Flounder (Platichthys Flesus Luscus Pallas, 1814), İlhan Aydin, Orhan Ak, Ercan Küçük, Hamza Polat, Bi̇nnur Ceylan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study focused on the effect of water temperature on growth and feed conversion ratio of juvenile Black Sea flounder (Platichthys flesus luscus; initial weight: 2.0 g ± 0.01 g). The experiment was carried out for 84 days with the following range of water temperatures: 13, 17, 21, and 25 °C. Growth, food consumption, and feed conversion ratio were the highest at 21 °C and the lowest at 13 °C. The growth rate of the fish increased with water temperatures up to 21 °C and it decreased significantly with a further increase in temperature. The conclusion of this study …

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Full Length Cdna Synthesis Of Differentially Displayed Ests During Lactation In The Indian Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis), Ajai Tripathi, Krishna M. Singh, Makrand N. Vaze, Umed V. Ramani, Dharamsi N. Rank, Chaitanya G. Joshi Jan 2012

Full Length Cdna Synthesis Of Differentially Displayed Ests During Lactation In The Indian Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis), Ajai Tripathi, Krishna M. Singh, Makrand N. Vaze, Umed V. Ramani, Dharamsi N. Rank, Chaitanya G. Joshi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study, antisense primers were designed from 7 differentially displayed expressed sequence tags (ESTs) previously identified at our laboratory. Total RNA was isolated from the mammary gland tissue of lactating buffalo to carry out 5' rapid amplification cDNA ends (RACE) PCR. 5' RACE PCR amplicons, ranging from 161 bp to 336 bp, were cloned and sequenced. These 5' RACE sequences were analyzed using the blastn (Megablast) bioinformatics tool available from NCBI. Of these 7, only one 5' mRNA sequence did not show a match in the available database and another 1 failed to show a match with any …

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Seasonal And Group Effects On Dairy Cow Behavior In Large Yards, Akbar Nikkhah, Rasool Kowsar Jan 2012

Seasonal And Group Effects On Dairy Cow Behavior In Large Yards, Akbar Nikkhah, Rasool Kowsar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In mechanized modern dairy facilities with competitive environments, monitoring behavior provides opportunities to manipulate and optimize the nutritional, health, and social status of high-merit cows. The objective of the current study was to determine seasonal and cow group effects on the eating, ruminating, standing, and lying behaviors of dairy cows in large yards. Seasonal data on various behaviors of lactating cows in different production and lactation stages were collected continuously for 26 months, from December 2006 through February 2008. The herd had approximately 3000 dairy cattle housed in groups within specific yards. A total of 415 multiparous high-producing cows (MH), …

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A Retrospective Study Of Anaplasma In Minnesota Cattle, Aneela Durrani, Sagar Goyal Jan 2012

A Retrospective Study Of Anaplasma In Minnesota Cattle, Aneela Durrani, Sagar Goyal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

To determine the seroprevalence of Anaplasma in Minnesota cattle, the database of the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (VDL), University of Minnesota was searched over a 10 year period (2001 to July 2010). A total of 438,407 bovine serum samples were tested by complement fixation test (CFT) and competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent test (cELISA). The positive rate of seroprevalence by CFT was 2.4% out of 211,484 samples, with a 0.13% anticomplementary result. The VDL at the University of Minnesota started using cELISA after 2002, and CFT application was suspended as diagnostic test for anaplasmosis after 2005 due to its complexity. With cELISA, …

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Effect Of Fermented Protein Feedstuffs On Pig Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, And Fecal Microbes, Juan Chang, Qingqiang Yin, Pengpeng Wang, Weimin Wang, Ruiyu Zuo, Qiuhong Zheng, Junxi Liu Jan 2012

Effect Of Fermented Protein Feedstuffs On Pig Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, And Fecal Microbes, Juan Chang, Qingqiang Yin, Pengpeng Wang, Weimin Wang, Ruiyu Zuo, Qiuhong Zheng, Junxi Liu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In order to determine the availability of fermented protein feedstuffs (FPFS)-such as cottonseed, blood, and feather meals—with Aspergillus oryzae, 2 phases of feeding experiments were adopted for 7 weeks. Sixty 58-day-old crossbred pigs were assigned to 6 groups, 10 pigs per group. Group 1 was the control; groups 2, 3, and 4 were supplemented with 6%-7%, 12%-14%, and 18%-21% FPFS, respectively, by replacing the same percentage of soybean meal (SBM); group 5 was supplemented with 12%-14% unfermented protein feedstuffs (UFPFS) by replacing the same percentage of SBM; group 6 was on the same base as group 3 with digestive energy …

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Detection, Cloning, And Sequencing Of The Enterotoxin Gene Of Clostridium Perfringens Type C Isolated From Goat, Yuan Tang, Ming Wen, Bin Lian, Jianzhong Cheng, Kaigong Wang, Bijun Zhou Jan 2012

Detection, Cloning, And Sequencing Of The Enterotoxin Gene Of Clostridium Perfringens Type C Isolated From Goat, Yuan Tang, Ming Wen, Bin Lian, Jianzhong Cheng, Kaigong Wang, Bijun Zhou

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) is an important virulence factor involved in C. perfringens food poisoning and other gastrointestinal illnesses. In our experiment a Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin gene (cpe) positive type C strain was obtained by multiplex PCR from 34 C. perfringens isolates from goat in Guizhou Province, China. Then a pair of specific primers was designed and synthesized according to the published cpe gene, and the complete cpe gene was amplified from the genomic DNA of the cpe-positive C. perfringens isolate. The PCR product was cloned into pMD18-T vectors and transformed into competent cell DH5a. The recombinant plasmid was identified …

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Effects Of Cold Stress During Transportation On Hatchability And Chick Quality Of Broiler Breeder Eggs, Ahmad Salahi, Mozhdeh Moosanezhad Khabisi, Abbas Pakdel, Ali Baghbanzadeh Jan 2012

Effects Of Cold Stress During Transportation On Hatchability And Chick Quality Of Broiler Breeder Eggs, Ahmad Salahi, Mozhdeh Moosanezhad Khabisi, Abbas Pakdel, Ali Baghbanzadeh

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this experiment 72,000 broiler breeder eggs (Ross 308 strain) collected from 36-week-old flocks were subjected to cold stress during transportation. Eggs were allocated to 4 temperature groups (treatments): 1.2 °C, 1-2 °C, 2.5-3.9 °C, 4-6 °C, and a control group, 21-22 °C. Each treatment had 14,400 eggs, and data were analyzed in a completely randomized design. The results of this study showed that cold stress had a significant effect on percentage of egg weight loss (P < 0.001), and minimal egg weight loss occurred in the control group. The percentage of exploders and early hatched chicks and chick weight were higher in the below zero temperature treatment than the other groups (P < 0.01). Cold stress had a significant effect on chick length, hatchability, and the hatching of fertile eggs (P < 0.001). The effects of cold stress on chick yield and body weight uniformity were significant (P < 0.01). The effect of cold stress on hatchery byproduct efficiency was significant (P < 0.001), but did not affect fertility. Cold stress also had significant effects on early (1-8 days), middle (9-17 days), and late mortality (20-21 days); total embryo mortality; and exposed brain. Ectopic viscera was significant (P < 0.001), and most mortality was observed in below 4 °C treatments. Total percentages of malpositions and deformity (P < 0.001) and egg contamination at 1-9 days (first stage) and 10-21 days (second phase) were affected by cold stress (P < 0.001). Cold stress also had a significant impact on the number of cull chicks; percent of string navel, button navel, total string, and button; omphalitis; full body cavity; red hocks; dehydration; dirty chickens; and stubby down. Cold stress affects performance during incubation and overall chick quality.

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The Effect Of Bleeding On Peripheral Blood And Head Kidney Hematopoietic Tissue In Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio), Elzbieta Kondera, Aneta Dmowska, Monika Rosa, Malgorzata Witeska Jan 2012

The Effect Of Bleeding On Peripheral Blood And Head Kidney Hematopoietic Tissue In Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio), Elzbieta Kondera, Aneta Dmowska, Monika Rosa, Malgorzata Witeska

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Adverse environmental conditions (contamination of water with nitrite, pesticides, or other pollutants), nutritional deficiencies, bacterial and viral infections, and parasitic invasions may induce anemia in fish, in both natural and aquaculture conditions. Changes in hematological values and cellular composition of peripheral blood and head kidney hematopoietic tissue of bled common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were evaluated over a 4 week period post-bleeding (30% blood loss). The results showed that fish very quickly compensated for anemia. Erythrocyte count (RBC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht) gradually increased to values significantly higher than they were before bleeding; this was accompanied by an …

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The Effect Of Different Extenders On The Motility And Morphology Of Ram Sperm Frozen Or Stored At 4 °C, Recai̇ Kulaksiz, Çi̇ğdem Çebi̇, Ergün Akçay Jan 2012

The Effect Of Different Extenders On The Motility And Morphology Of Ram Sperm Frozen Or Stored At 4 °C, Recai̇ Kulaksiz, Çi̇ğdem Çebi̇, Ergün Akçay

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects on sperm motility and abnormality in ram semen extended with skimmed milk (M), sodium citrate (SC), Tris (T), and Bioxcell® (B) after storage in liquid form at 4 °C and in frozen form. Ejaculates were collected from 3 Akkaraman rams by artificial vagina twice a week during the non-breeding season. After pooling, each pooled ejaculate was split into 4 equal aliquots and diluted with skimmed milk (M), sodium citrate (SC), Tris (T), and Bioxcell® (B) extenders. Sperm motility was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in M compared with B, SC, and T on the first and second days (48 h) of storage. With regard to the percentage of total abnormal spermatozoa, the results in M were different from (P < 0.05) from those of SC and T on the first day (24 h) of storage but no different from B. Differences among extenders were found to be significant post-thawing for spermatozoa motility and the percentage of total abnormal spermatozoa. The total abnormality of semen diluted with M was significantly lower than that observed in the other extenders. Consequently, it was found that skimmed milk was better than the other extenders in terms of the sperm parameters evaluated during liquid storage and post-thaw.

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Dust And Endotoxin In Laying Hen Dwellings, Kristina Matkovic, Marija Vucemilo, Bara Vinkovic Jan 2012

Dust And Endotoxin In Laying Hen Dwellings, Kristina Matkovic, Marija Vucemilo, Bara Vinkovic

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Only healthy laying hens are capable of producing an average of 280 eggs in 1 year of exploitation. Production of consume eggs takes place in intensive housing systems where the laying hens are still mainly kept in cages under controlled conditions. Technical infrastructure and hygiene quality do not guarantee a production atmosphere completely free from pollutants, including potential pathological risk factors. Laying hens and farm workers are exposed to large quantities of bioaerosols in henhouses. Bioaerosols represent a mixture of different biological particles which can, under certain circumstances, cause health and welfare problems in animals. The most important components are …

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Reproductive Performance Of Primiparous And Multiparous Saanen Goats After Laparoscopic Intrauterine Insemination: A Field Study, Recai̇ Kulaksiz, Ali̇ Daşkin Jan 2012

Reproductive Performance Of Primiparous And Multiparous Saanen Goats After Laparoscopic Intrauterine Insemination: A Field Study, Recai̇ Kulaksiz, Ali̇ Daşkin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of primiparous and multiparous Saanen goats after intrauterine laparoscopic artificial insemination with frozen semen. Twenty-four Saanen goats, divided in 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 11 primiparous goats and group 2 consisted of 13 multiparous goats. Estrus was synchronized by 20 mg fluorogestone acetate (FGA)-impregnated intravaginal sponges and the IM administration of 125 mg of cloprostenol (PGF2\alpha) and eCG (400 IU), 48 h before sponge removal. Intrauterine fixed time artificial insemination (AI) was carried out 55 h after removal of the FGA sponges. Results of the present study indicate …

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A Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) Assay For Rapid Detection Of Anaplasma Phagocytophilum Infection In Dogs, Chungchen Lee, Yungchang Lin, Chauloong Tsang, Yangtsung Chung Jan 2012

A Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) Assay For Rapid Detection Of Anaplasma Phagocytophilum Infection In Dogs, Chungchen Lee, Yungchang Lin, Chauloong Tsang, Yangtsung Chung

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A simple and rapid diagnostic method of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection was established, employing the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction. With 1 set of 4 specific primers targeting the citrate synthase (gltA) gene of A. phagocytophilum, the LAMP assay rapidly amplified the target DNA sequence in a single tube in 1 h, requiring only a water bath for reaction. When visualized by gel electrophoresis, the LAMP products appeared as a ladder-like pattern, with many bands of different sizes from 180 base pairs up to the loading well. The results obtained from testing 32 clinical blood samples of dogs demonstrated that the …

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Evaluation Of Elevated Bait Trays For Attracting Blackbirds (Icteridae) In Central North Dakota, George M. Linz, Jamison B. Winter, William J. Bleier Jan 2012

Evaluation Of Elevated Bait Trays For Attracting Blackbirds (Icteridae) In Central North Dakota, George M. Linz, Jamison B. Winter, William J. Bleier

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) became an economically important crop in North Dakota in the 1970s, providing a major source of food for post-breeding blackbirds (Icteridae). Reducing local blackbird populations with rice grains treated with an avicide is one proposed alternative for reducing sunflower damage. In fall 2007 and 2008, we evaluated the idea of attracting blackbirds to rice-baited trays attached to wire cages supplied with live blackbirds. During our observations (1011 h), we saw 3888 birds, consisting of 25 species and 12 families, on the bait trays. Blackbirds made up 90.4% of the bird observations, whereas sparrows (Emberizidae) made …

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Copper–Zinc Superoxide Dismutase-Deficient Mice Show Increased Susceptibility To Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Induced With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein 35–55, Chandirasegara Massilamany, Arunakumar Gangaplara, Heejeong Kim, Charlotte Standord, Govardhan Rathnaiah, David Steffen, Jaekwon Lee, Jay Reddy Jan 2012

Copper–Zinc Superoxide Dismutase-Deficient Mice Show Increased Susceptibility To Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Induced With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein 35–55, Chandirasegara Massilamany, Arunakumar Gangaplara, Heejeong Kim, Charlotte Standord, Govardhan Rathnaiah, David Steffen, Jaekwon Lee, Jay Reddy

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

In this report, we have addressed the role of copper–zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) deficiency in the mediation of central nervous system autoimmunity. We demonstrate that SOD1-deficient C57Bl/6 mice develop more severe autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35–55, compared with wild type mice. This alteration in the disease phenotype was not due to aberrant expansion of MOG-specific T cells nor their ability to produce inflammatory cytokines; rather lymphocytes generated in SOD1-deficient mice were more prone to spontaneous cell death when compared with their wild type littermate controls. The data point to a role for SOD1 in the maintenance …

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Rhodotorula Minuta Fungemia In A Ewe Lamb, C G. Chitko-Mckown, K A. Leymaster, M. P. Heaton, D D. Griffin, J K. Veatch, S A. Jones, M. L. Clawson Jan 2012

Rhodotorula Minuta Fungemia In A Ewe Lamb, C G. Chitko-Mckown, K A. Leymaster, M. P. Heaton, D D. Griffin, J K. Veatch, S A. Jones, M. L. Clawson

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

An 8-month-old crossbred ewe, normal upon physical examination, was humanely euthanized for tissue collection. After approximately 3 weeks in tissue culture, fungi began budding out of cells obtained from the choroid plexus. After an additional 3 weeks, budding was observed in kidney cell cultures and eventually in monocyte cultures as well. Serum from the lamb was submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Colorado State University for fungal diagnosis and was found negative for Aspergillus, Blastomyces, Coccidioidomycosis and Histoplasmosis. DNA was isolated from fungi collected from tissue culture supernatants and used in a set of pan-fungal PCR assays with DNA …

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Posttranslational Modification Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Glycoprotein, But Not Jnk Inhibition, Is The Antiviral Mechanism Of Sp600125, Sabrina Marozin, Jennifer Altomonte, Sibylle Apfel, Phat X. Dinh, Enrico De Toni, Antonia Rizzani, Andreas Nüssler, Nobuyuki Kato, Roland M. Schmid, Asit K. Pattnaik, Oliver Eberta Jan 2012

Posttranslational Modification Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Glycoprotein, But Not Jnk Inhibition, Is The Antiviral Mechanism Of Sp600125, Sabrina Marozin, Jennifer Altomonte, Sibylle Apfel, Phat X. Dinh, Enrico De Toni, Antonia Rizzani, Andreas Nüssler, Nobuyuki Kato, Roland M. Schmid, Asit K. Pattnaik, Oliver Eberta

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a negative-sense single-stranded-RNA rhabdovirus, is an extremely promising oncolytic agent for cancer treatment. Since oncolytic virotherapy is moving closer to clinical application, potentially synergistic combinations of oncolytic viruses and molecularly targeted antitumor agents are becoming a meaningful strategy for cancer treatment. Mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors have been shown to impair liver cell proliferation and tumor development, suggesting their potential use as therapeutic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this work, we show that the impairment of MAPK in vitro did not interfere with the oncolytic properties of VSV in HCC cell lines. Moreover, the administration …

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Identification Of Amino Acid Residues Important For Anti-Ifn Activity Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Non-Structural Protein 1, Lalit Beura, Sakthivel Subramaniam, Hiep Vu, Byungjoon Kwon, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fernando A. Osorio Jan 2012

Identification Of Amino Acid Residues Important For Anti-Ifn Activity Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Non-Structural Protein 1, Lalit Beura, Sakthivel Subramaniam, Hiep Vu, Byungjoon Kwon, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fernando A. Osorio

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The non-structural protein 1 (nsp1) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is partly responsible for inhibition of type I interferon (IFN) response by the infected host. By performing alanine-scanning mutagenesis, we have identified amino acid residues in nsp1α and nsp1β~ (the proteolytic products of nsp1) that when substituted with alanine(s) exhibited significant relief of IFNsuppression. A mutant virus (16-SA, in which residues 16-20 of nsp1β were substituted with alanines) encoding mutant nsp1β recovered from infectious cDNA clone was shown to be attenuated for growth in vitro and induced significantly higher amount of type I IFN transcripts in infected macrophages. …

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Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositol (Gpi)-Anchored Membrane Association Of The Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Gp4 Glycoprotein And Its Co-Localization With Cd163 In Lipid Rafts, Yijun Du, Asit K. Pattnaik, Cheng Song, Dongwan Yoo, Gang Li Jan 2012

Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositol (Gpi)-Anchored Membrane Association Of The Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Gp4 Glycoprotein And Its Co-Localization With Cd163 In Lipid Rafts, Yijun Du, Asit K. Pattnaik, Cheng Song, Dongwan Yoo, Gang Li

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) glycoprotein 4 (GP4) resembles a typical type I membrane protein in its structure but lacks a hydrophilic tail at the C-terminus, suggesting that GP4 may be a lipid-anchored membrane protein. Using the human decay-accelerating factor (DAF; CD55), a known glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) lipid-anchored protein, chimeric constructs were made to substitute the GPI-anchor domain of DAF with the putative lipid-anchor domain of GP4, and their membrane association and lipase cleavage were determined in cells. The DAF-GP4 fusion protein was transported to the plasma membrane and was cleaved by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), indicating that …

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A Single Amino Acid Change Resulting In Loss Of Fluorescence Of Egfp In A Viral Fusion Protein Confers Fitness And Growth Advantage To The Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Phat X. Dinh, Debasis Panda, Phani B. Das, Subash C. Das, Anshuman Das, Asit K. Pattnaik Jan 2012

A Single Amino Acid Change Resulting In Loss Of Fluorescence Of Egfp In A Viral Fusion Protein Confers Fitness And Growth Advantage To The Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Phat X. Dinh, Debasis Panda, Phani B. Das, Subash C. Das, Anshuman Das, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Using a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus encoding eGFP fused in-frame with an essential viral replication protein, the phosphoprotein P, we show that during passage in culture, the virus mutates the nucleotide C289 within eGFP of the fusion protein PeGFP to A or T, resulting in R97S/C amino acid substitution and loss of fluorescence. The resultant non-fluorescent virus exhibits increased fitness and growth advantage over its fluorescent counterpart. The growth advantage of the non-fluorescent virus appears to be due to increased transcription and replication activities of the PeGFP protein carrying the R97S/C substitution. Further, our results show that the R97S/C mutation …

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Amino Acid Residues In The Non-Structural Protein 1 Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Involved In Down-Regulation Of Tnf-Cx Expression In Vitro And Attenuation In Vivo, Sakthivel Subramaniam, Lalit Beura, Byungjoon Kwon, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fernando A. Osorio Jan 2012

Amino Acid Residues In The Non-Structural Protein 1 Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Involved In Down-Regulation Of Tnf-Cx Expression In Vitro And Attenuation In Vivo, Sakthivel Subramaniam, Lalit Beura, Byungjoon Kwon, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fernando A. Osorio

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) suppresses tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels by its non-structural proteins 1α and 1β (Nsp1α and Nsp1β). To identifY the amino acid residues responsible for this activity, we generated several alanine substitution mutants of Nsp1α and Nsp1β. Examination of the mutant proteins revealed that Nsp1α residues Gly90, Asn91 , Arg97, Argl 00 and Arg124 were necessary for TNF-α promoter suppression, whereas several amino acids spanning the entire Nsp1β ~ were found to be required for this activity. Two mutant viruses, with mutations at Nsp1α Gly90 or Nsp1β residues …

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Fusion Of A Fluorescent Protein To The Pul25 Minor Capsid Protein Of Pseudorabies Virus Allows Live-Cell Capsid Imaging With Negligible Impact On Infection, Kevin P. Bohannon, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, Gregory A. Smith Jan 2012

Fusion Of A Fluorescent Protein To The Pul25 Minor Capsid Protein Of Pseudorabies Virus Allows Live-Cell Capsid Imaging With Negligible Impact On Infection, Kevin P. Bohannon, Patricia J. Sollars, Gary E. Pickard, Gregory A. Smith

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

In order to resolve the location and activity of submicroscopic viruses in living cells, viral proteins are often fused to fluorescent proteins (FPs) and visualized by microscopy. In this study, we describe the fusion of FPs to three proteins of pseudorabies virus (PRV) that allowed imaging of capsids in living cells. Included in this study are the first recombinant PRV strains expressing FP–pUL25 fusions based on a design applied to herpes simplex virus type 1 by Homa and colleagues. The properties of each reporter virus were compared in both in vitro and in vivo infection models. PRV strains expressing FP–pUL25 …

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Staphylococcal Response To Oxidative Stress, Rosmarie Gaupp, Nagender Ledala, Greg A. Somerville Jan 2012

Staphylococcal Response To Oxidative Stress, Rosmarie Gaupp, Nagender Ledala, Greg A. Somerville

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Staphylococci are a versatile genus of bacteria that are capable of causing acute and chronic infections in diverse host species. The success of staphylococci as pathogens is due in part to their ability to mitigate endogenous and exogenous oxidative and nitrosative stress. Endogenous oxidative stress is a consequence of life in an aerobic environment; whereas, exogenous osidative and nitrosative stress are often due to the bacteria's interaction with host immune systems. To overcome the deleterious effects of oxidative and nitrosative stress, staphylococci have evolved protection, detoxification, and repair mechanisms that are controlled by a network of regulators. In this review, …

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Koutango: Under Reported Arboviral Disease In West Africa, Jaime Matias De Araujo Lobo Jan 2012

Koutango: Under Reported Arboviral Disease In West Africa, Jaime Matias De Araujo Lobo

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are among the most common agents of human febrile illnesses worldwide. As crucially important emerging pathogens, they have caused multiple, notable epidemics of human disease and unnoticed epizootics over recent decades. Despite the public health relevance, very little is known about the geographic distribution of the agents and vectors, relative impact, and risk factors associated to the arboviral infection in many regions of the world and in the tropics in particular. Presented in this dissertation is an experimental study that explores the serology screening of serum samples from 151 patients whom were diagnosed with undifferentiated febrile illness …

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Development And Characterization Of A Murine Model Of Rickettsia Parkeri Rickettsiosis, Britton Grasperge Jan 2012

Development And Characterization Of A Murine Model Of Rickettsia Parkeri Rickettsiosis, Britton Grasperge

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Rickettsia parkeri, a member of the spotted fever group of Rickettsia, is the agent of an emerging rickettsiosis in the southeastern United States and South America. Despite increased recognition of human cases, limited information is available regarding infection of invertebrate and vertebrate hosts for this emerging tick-borne disease. Towards development of a viable transmission model and to further characterize the pathology associated with R. parkeri infection, inbred mouse strains (A/J, Balb/C, C3H/HeJ, and C3H/HeN) were intravenously and intradermally inoculated with R. parkeri. The C3H/HeJ strain of mice were identified as the most susceptible to R. parkeri infection and were found …

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Fractures In Young, Single-Humped Camels (Camelus Dromedarius), Ahmed F. Ahmed, Fahd Abdullah Al-Sobayil Jan 2012

Fractures In Young, Single-Humped Camels (Camelus Dromedarius), Ahmed F. Ahmed, Fahd Abdullah Al-Sobayil

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objectives were to study the frequencies and classification of fractures in young camels and to evaluate the clinical relevance of external fixation as a method of treatment. Cases of fractures (n = 75) in young camels (less than 2 years old) were studied. On admission, the cause, site, classification, and radiography of the fractures as well as the methods of treatment were investigated. Factors affecting fracture healing after treatment were investigated and analyzed. The frequencies of fracture were affected by breed (P = 0.001) and age (P = 0.01) but not sex. Trauma was the most common cause of …

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Serum Protein Fractions In Brazilian-Breed Donkeys Using Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Paulo Henrique Cavalcante, Andrea Cristina Silva, Sidnei Sakamoto, Benito Soto-Blanco Jan 2012

Serum Protein Fractions In Brazilian-Breed Donkeys Using Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Paulo Henrique Cavalcante, Andrea Cristina Silva, Sidnei Sakamoto, Benito Soto-Blanco

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The values for the serum protein profiles of horses are available in many studies. However, only one study has characterized the electrophoretic migration profile of plasma protein in donkeys. The present study aimed to determine by agarose gel electrophoresis the normal values for serum protein fractions in erratic Brazilian-breed donkeys and to compare these values with those of the serum proteins of horses. Serum samples were collected from 26 donkeys of the Brazilian-breed and from 10 healthy horses. The serum levels of the total proteins were determined by the biuret method. The separation and determination of the values of serum …

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Antioxidative And Antimicrobial Effects Of Garlic In Ground Camel Meat, Hamid Reza Gheisari, Vahid Reza Ranjbar Jan 2012

Antioxidative And Antimicrobial Effects Of Garlic In Ground Camel Meat, Hamid Reza Gheisari, Vahid Reza Ranjbar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidative and antimicrobial effects of equivalent concentrations of garlic derivatives in ground camel meat during storage at 4 ± 1 °C. The addition of either garlic or butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (0.1 g/kg) significantly delayed lipid oxidation when compared with the control. The antioxidant activities of the various ingredients added followed the order of fresh garlic (FG), garlic powder (GP), BHA, and garlic oil (GO). After 14 days' storage, the aerobic plate count (APC) of both FG- and GP-formulated meat was significantly lower than that of either the control or BHA-formulated samples. …

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Performance Analysis Of A Two Stage Pad Cooling System In Broiler Houses, Meti̇n Petek, Serdal Di̇kmen, Mehmet Mustafa Oğan Jan 2012

Performance Analysis Of A Two Stage Pad Cooling System In Broiler Houses, Meti̇n Petek, Serdal Di̇kmen, Mehmet Mustafa Oğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The cooling performance of a traditional (control) and two stage evaporative pad cooling system (experiment), including pad and fan with tunnel ventilation, for poultry houses and the growth performance of broilers reared in these systems was compared in a study performed during extreme summer temperatures. The experimental unit had a two stage pad cooling system, which consisted of underground tubes and a box, followed by a pad cooling system with tunnel ventilation. The control unit had a traditional evaporative cooling system, including pad and fan with tunnel ventilation. Air temperature, relative humidity, and saturation efficiency were used to determine the …

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A Determination Of Growth Hormone Receptor Gene Polymorphisms In East Anatolian Red Cattle, South Anatolian Red Cattle, And Turkish Grey Cattle, Iraz Akiş Akad, Ahmet Mengi̇, Kemal Özdem Öztabak Jan 2012

A Determination Of Growth Hormone Receptor Gene Polymorphisms In East Anatolian Red Cattle, South Anatolian Red Cattle, And Turkish Grey Cattle, Iraz Akiş Akad, Ahmet Mengi̇, Kemal Özdem Öztabak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to determinate the genotype and allele distributions of growth hormone receptor gene polymorphisms in East Anatolian Red cattle (EAR), South Anatolian Red cattle (SAR), and Turkish Grey (TG) cattle. To this end, 50 EAR, 50 SAR, and 50 TG cattle were used in the study. DNA samples were isolated by using the standard ammonium acetate salt-out method. Target regions were amplified and digested by AluI, AccI, StuI, NsiI, and Fnu4HI restriction enzymes. The + allele frequency of growth hormone receptor (GHR)/AluI polymorphism related with milk traits in TG cattle and the - allele frequencies …

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Optimum Timing For Operation In Bitches With Pyometra Related To Endotoxemia, Meli̇h Uçmak, Çağatay Tek, Mehmet Can Gündüz, Ahmet Sabuncu, Adem Şenünver, Arzu Funda Bağcigi̇l, Tülay Bakirel Jan 2012

Optimum Timing For Operation In Bitches With Pyometra Related To Endotoxemia, Meli̇h Uçmak, Çağatay Tek, Mehmet Can Gündüz, Ahmet Sabuncu, Adem Şenünver, Arzu Funda Bağcigi̇l, Tülay Bakirel

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma levels of endotoxin in bitches with pyometra and to investigate the effects of preoperative supportive therapy on plasma endotoxin levels (LPS), the complete blood count, serum biochemistry parameters (alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, albumin, urea, and creatinine), clinical health status at the 12th, 24th, and 48th h following presentation, and to explore if they were correlated. Randomly allocated into 2 equivalent groups were 20 bitches with pyometra, aged from 3 to 16 years (mean 9.15 ± 3.65 years). After collection of the samples, bitches in ovariohysterectomy …

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