Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Potential Cost Savings With Terrestrial Rabies Control, Sergio Recuenco, Bryan Cherry, Millicent Eidson

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Background: The cost-benefit of raccoon rabies control strategies such as oral rabies vaccination (ORV) are under evaluation. As an initial quantification of the potential cost savings for a control program, the collection of selected rabies cost data was pilot tested for five counties in New York State (NYS) in a three-year period.

Methods: Rabies costs reported to NYS from the study counties were computerized and linked to a human rabies exposure database. Consolidated costs by county and year were averaged and compared.

Results: Reported rabies-associated costs for all rabies variants totalled $2.1 million, for human rabies postexposure prophylaxes (PEP) (90.9%), …

The Infected Cell Protein 0 Encoded By Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (Bicp0) Induces Degradation Of Interferon Response Factor 3 And, Consequently, Inhibits Beta Interferon Promoter Activity, Kazima Saira, You Zhou, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The ICP0 protein (bICP0) encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 is the major viral regulatory protein because it stimulates all viral promoters and, consequently, productive infection. Like other ICP0 analogues encoded by Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily members, bICP0 contains a zinc RING finger near its amino terminus that is necessary for activating transcription, regulating subcellular localization, and inhibiting interferon-dependent transcription. In this study, we discovered that sequences near the C terminus, and the zinc RING finger, are necessary for inhibiting the human beta interferon (IFN- β) promoter. In contrast to herpes simplex virus type 1-encoded ICP0, bICP0 reduces interferon response factor 3 (IRF3), …

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

Head/Director's Message [Page] 1- Specimens in| Results out Diagnostic News [Page] 1- BVD Tests Available at SDSU ADRDL [Page] 3- The Scoop on Scoops [Page] 3- Top Ten Tips for Submissions to the Olson Biochemistry Lab [Page] 3- Holiday Hours [Page] 4- New DOT Shipping Regulations in Effect Research News [Page] 4- Research Spotlight: Dr. Philip Hardwidge Extension News [Page] 6- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Veterinary Personnel [Page] 6- Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium Associated with Pet Rodents [Page] 6- Pieces and Parts [Page] 7- Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia – Emerging Fish Disease [Page] 8- Calendar of Events

Fisheries Research Contract Report No. 18 - Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: Current And Future Needs For Aquatic Animal Health Training And For Systems For Merit-Based Accreditation And Competency Assessments (Frdc Project No. 2005/641) Final Report, Matt Landos, Navneet Dhand, Brian Jones, Richard Whittington

Fisheries Research Contract Reports

To scope and clearly define current and future needs for aquatic animal health training and for systems for merit-based accreditation and competency assessments.

Provision of high quality aquatic animal health (AAH) services is a complex multidisciplinary activity. Hence, training programs must address all discipline areas to achieve the desired outcome of robust service delivery to meet all stakeholder group needs. The current and future needs for AAH training have been identified across many sectors through survey work and direct interviews with key stakeholders. There is a shortfall in both total capacity and more prominently, in the availability of high skill …

Body Weight Formulation In Asian Elephant, Sumolya Kanchanapangka, Sunisa Supawong, Klinsukon Koedlab, Jirasak Kaewpannarai, Puttipong Khawnual, Padet Tummaruk, Kriengyot Sajjarengpong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Accurate estimation of body weight is useful for feeding program evaluation, assessing nutritional status and general health, and for accurate dose calculation in medical treatment. However, it is impractical to weigh elephants due to their enormous size and tremendous weight, and also due to the lack of a suitable weighing machine. The objective of the present study was to correlate various body measurements and actual body weight of the elephant in order to formulate a regression model to approximate the body weight of the elephant from body measurements. Seventy-eight Asian elephants (Elephas maximus indicus) comprising 18 males and 60 females, …

Editor’S Note, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Strategies For The Control Of Respiratory Disease, Stanley Done

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This is a paper about common sense and respiratory disease using information that has been known for some time i.e. historical, and which is not accessed when a literary search is supplied by a computer. Respiratory disease in pigs has its most serious effects in the finishing stages, when the sequelae to progressive atrophic rhinitis, enzootic pneumonia and Actinobacillosis are most severe. Nowadays this relatively simple position is even more complicated by the worldwide occurrence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2)-associated diseases principally PMWS where no vaccination is practised. Up to 80% of …

Dogs Spermatozoa Labelling With 99mtc-Hmpao, Kaywalee Chatdarong, Eva Axnér, Bernt Jones, Catharina Linde Forsberg

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study was aimed at finding out whether dog sperm could be labelled using 99mTc-HMPAO and finding the optimum incubation temperature and amount of 99mTc-HMPAO to label spermatozoa from fresh ejaculates and from frozen-thawed semen. A radiopharmaceutical was prepared by reconstituting 0.5 mg of HMPAO with 5 ml pertechnetate solution containing 100 kBq 99mTc. Semen samples were obtained from three dogs, pooled and divided into aliquots containing 100x106 spermatozoa each. Fresh and frozen-thawed semen samples were used. In experiment 1, the fresh and frozen-thawed spermatozoa were incubated with 99mTc-HMPAO at 20oC or 37oC for 20 min. In experiment 2, 0.01, …

The Molecular Identification Of Mycoplasma Haemofelis And Mycoplasma Haemominutum In Cats Suffering From Haemoplasmosis In Thailand, Sudchit Chungpivat, Meena Sarikaputi, Supparin Jirasukprasert, Siriluk Jenchangkol, Nareerat Viseshakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Haemotrophic Mycoplasma is the obligatory bacteria formerly classified to the genus Haemobartonella. This blood mycoplasma is responsible for the cause of a cat disease, haemoplasmosis or feline infectious anemia (FIA). The housed cats evidenced by cachexia, high fever and a certain degree of anemic condition have been reported with FIA worldwide. However, this disease is only a presumptive case in Thailand where the disease is presumably endemic. We examined two cats suffering from FIA tested with the standard microscopic examination. With the destruction of erythrocytes, one cat had only a mild clinical condition while the other was severe. The parasitized …

Pathological Study Of Helicobacter Spp. Infection In Pig Stomachs, Nopadon Pirarat, Veerasak Sada, Supradit Wangnaitham, Boonmee Sunyasootcharee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

pathological study of Helicobacter spp. infection in pigs was performed to determine the incidence of Helicobacter spp. infection, and to define the relationship between Helicobacter spp. infection and the histopathological changes of gastric mucosa in pigs, using Warthin Starry stain and immunohistochemistry. A total of 115 biopsies of the cardia, fundus, body and pyloric antrum of swine (mean weight 150 kg) obtained from slaughterhouses in Nakornpathom province (Thailand) were investigated. Histopathological results of the cardia region showed thickening of mucosa 54.78% (63/115), vacuolated degeneration of the epithelium 83.47% (96/115), lymphoid aggregation 74.78% (86/115), inflammatory cells infiltration 38.26% (44/115) and neovascularized …

Congenital Oesophageal Stenosis In A Puppy, Churee Pramatwinai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

An extremely rare case of congenital oesophageal stenosis in a two-month-old, male, miniature pincher dog was reported. The puppy was presented at the Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, with a history of an acute onset of regurgitation at the time of weaning on to solid food. Contrast radiography of the oesophagus showed that the oesophagus at the cervical and thoracic-inlet portions was moderately dilated. Upon oesophagoscopic examination, the oesophageal lumen adjacent to the heart base showed intraluminal stenosis. The mucosa was normal and the stenotic opening was localized at the center of the lumen. Upon …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Proceedings Of The 6th Chulalongkorn University Veterinary Annual Conference 26-27 April 2007, Roongroje Thanawongnuwech

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Localization Of Period 1 Mrna In The Ruminant Oocyte And Investigations Of Its Role In Ovarian Function, R. A. Cushman, M. F. Allan, S. A. Jones, Gary P. Rupp, S. E. Echternkamp

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The clock gene Period 1 (Per1) may be a prolificacy gene, because it localized to the mouse oocyte and Per1-null drosophila shed fewer eggs. Because Per1 mapped to a region of mouse chromosome 11 syntenic to bovine chromosome 19 where a quantitative trait loci (QTL) for ovulation rate existed, we hypothesized that Per1 influenced folliculogenesis and ovulation rate in ruminants. Ovarian cortex was collected at slaughter on days 5, 12, 15, 17, and 20 after estrus for real-time RT-PCR evaluation of Per1mRNAexpression in Dorset (n = 18), Romanov (n = 10), Romanov/Dorset (n = 21), and Composite …

The Effect Of Cpg-Odn On Antigen Presenting Cells Of The Foal, M. Julia B.F. Flaminio, Alexandre S. Borges, Daryl V. Nydam, David W. Horohov, Rolf Hecker, Mary Beth Matychak

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) has been used successfully to induce immune responses against viral and intracellular organisms in mammals. The main objective of this study was to test the effect of CpG-ODN on antigen presenting cells of young foals.

METHODS: Peripheral blood monocytes of foals (n = 7) were isolated in the first day of life and monthly thereafter up to 3 months of life. Adult horse (n = 7) monocytes were isolated and tested once for comparison. Isolated monocytes were stimulated with IL-4 and GM-CSF (to obtain dendritic cells, DC) or not stimulated (to obtain macrophages). Macrophages and DCs …

Managing Bovine Tuberculosis In White-Tailed Deer In Northwestern Minnesota: A 2007 Progress Report, Michelle Carstensen, David Pauly, Michael Doncarlos, Lou Cornicelli

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Bovine tuberculosis (TB), first discovered in 2005, has now been found in 11 cattle operations in northwestern Minnesota. To date, all of the infected cattle herds have been depopulated and the Board of Animal Health (BAH) has continued an investigation of herds in the area as well as conducted a statewide surveillance effort. The strain has been identified as one that is consistent with bovine TB found in cattle in the southwestern United States and Mexico. In November 2007, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MNDNR) conducted bovine TB surveillance of hunter-harvested white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) within a …

South Dakota Animal Disease Research And Diagnostic Laboratory: Annual Report 2007, Animal Disease Research And Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ADRDL)

This document is the 2007 annual report of the South Dakota Veterinary and Biomedical Science Department Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory.

The Pet Food Recall Puzzle: Who, What, Why, And How Much, Roxanne Greitz Miller

Education Faculty Articles and Research

Last spring, North America was gripped in the largest pet food recall in history. News outlets reported tens of thousands of dogs and cats becoming ill, and many dying, as a result of ingesting contaminated pet food. Several pet owners have filed lawsuits against the manufacturers and distributors of the pet food products. I think this is an excellent real-life science story to use with students to show science investigation in action, and to discuss the intersections between the role of regulatory agencies and the public.

In order to understand the case, you first have to know the facts. We'll …

Coyotes As Sentinels For Monitoring Bovine Tuberculosis Prevalence In White-Tailed Deer, Todd Atwood, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Thomas Deliberto, Holly Smith, Justin Stevenson

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), is endemic in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in 5 counties (Alcona, Alpena, Montmorency, Oscoda, and Presque Isle) in the northeastern Lower Peninsula of Michigan, USA. The presence of a wildlife reservoir of tuberculosis in Michigan and the incidence of bTB in cattle (Bos taurus) resulted in Michigan losing its bTB accredited-free status. Subsequent wildlife surveillance programs identified relatively high disease prevalence in coyotes (Canis latrans), generating interest in their potential to serve as a sentinel species to detect bTB prevalence in white-tailed deer. …

An Hsus Report: Human Health Implications Of U.S. Live Bird Markets In The Spread Of Avian Influenza, The Humane Society Of The United States

Impact of Animal Agriculture

After millions of years of existing as a harmless infection of aquatic birds, some strains of avian flu have developed the ability to mutate into highly pathogenic forms that may not only be deadly for birds, but potentially more dangerous for humans as well. Experts from the World Health Organization, the World Organization for Animal Health, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations have joined leading scientists in implicating industrialized poultry production for providing fertile ground for the transformation of benign bird flu into highly pathogenic strains.

Live bird markets can be the conduit by which waterfowl …

Their Bugs Are Worse Than Their Bite: Emerging Infectious Disease And The Human-Animal Interface, Michael Greger

State of the Animals 2007

In the twenty-five years since that announcement, what we now know as AIDS has killed 20 million people (National AIDS Trust 2005). Where did the AIDS virus— and other emerging diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Ebola, mad cow— come from?

The Human/Animal Interface: Emergence And Resurgence Of Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Michael Greger

Transgenesis Collection

Emerging infectious diseases, most of which are considered zoonotic in origin, continue to exact a significant toll on society. The origins of major human infectious diseases are reviewed and the factors underlying disease emergence explored. Anthropogenic changes, largely in land use and agriculture, are implicated in the apparent increased frequency of emergence and reemergence of zoonoses in recent decades. Special emphasis is placed on the pathogen with likely the greatest zoonotic potential, influenzavirus A.

Hantavirus And Arenavirus Antibodies In Persons With Occupational Rodent Exposure, North America, Charles F. Fulhorst, Mary Louise Milazzo, Lori R. Armstrong, James E. Childs, Pierre E. Rollin, Rima Khabbaz, C.J. Peters, Thomas G G. Ksiazek

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Rodents are the principal hosts of Sin Nombre virus, 4 other hantaviruses known to cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in North America, and the 3 North American arenaviruses. Serum samples from 757 persons who had worked with rodents in North America and handled neotomine or sigmodontine rodents were tested for antibodies against Sin Nombre virus, Whitewater Arroyo virus, Guanarito virus, and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Antibodies against Sin Nombre virus were found in 4 persons, against Whitewater Arroyo virus or Guanarito virus in 2 persons, and against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in none. These results suggest that risk for infection with hantaviruses or …

Development Of An Assay To Determine Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms In The Prion Gene For The Genetic Diagnosis Of Relative Susceptibility To Classical Scrapie In Sheep, Mary Lynn Johnson, Jessica M. Evoniuk, Charles L. Stoltenow, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Dale A. Redmer

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

The objective of this study was to develop a reliable Taqman® 5' Nuclease Assay for genotyping sheep for scrapie susceptibility. The sheep prion gene contains 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that may mediate resistance to classical scrapie, one at codon 136, alanine (A) or valine (V), and another at codon 171, arginine (R) or glutamine (Q). The R allele appears to confer resistance to classical scrapie, with the AA₁₃₆ RR₁₇₁ genotype the most resistant to scrapie and QR₁₇₁ only rarely infected in the US sheep population. The Assays by Design^SM protocol was used for development of …

Cranial Duplication (Dicephalus) In A Lamb, Özkan Ünver, Mehmet Kilinç, Ni̇hat Özyurtlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A case of cranial duplication (Dicephalus) was described in a newborn lamb. The radiographic and macroscopic examination was performed after the cesarean section. The lamb´s heads were not completely separated. A complete nasopharynx, oropharynx, laringopharynx, and normal tongue were present in each head. The lamb died shortly after birth.

An Ectopic Case Of Psoroptes Cuniculi Infestation In A Pet Rabbit, Abuzer Acar, Ari̇f Kurtdede, Kerem Ural, Cenker Çağri Cingi, Mehmet Çağri Karakurum, Buğrahan Beki̇r Yağci, Bariş Sari

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A 2-year-old female New Zealand rabbit was admitted to Ankara University Veterinary Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine. Upon physical examination crustaceous auricular lesions, and erythematous and exudative pruritic skin lesions, both on the ventral abdomen and on extremities were detected. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings taken from pinnae and hair plucked from the ventral abdominal region revealed the presence of Psoroptes cuniculi. The ventral abdominal localization of P. cuniculi was evaluated as an ectopic infestation. Despite the injection of ivermectin 400 µg/kg and daily supportive therapy the rabbit died on the fifth day of hospitalization.

The Birth Of A Wild Ass (Equus Hemionus Khur) In India’S Little Rann Of Kutch, Gertrud Neumann-Denzau

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The birth of a wild ass was completely described and photographed in the wild for the first time. It happened in the daytime, in the open desert, and in the vicinity of other wild asses. The mother isolated her foal afterwards for an entire day. After birthing she drove away her male yearling, which did not join her any longer from this moment on.