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Articles 1801 - 1830 of 1941

Full-Text Articles in Veterinary Medicine

Bovine Tuberculosis In Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer From Michigan, Stephen M. Schmitt, Scott D. Fitzgerald, Thomas M. Cooley, Colleen S. Bruning-Fann, Larry Sullivan, Dale Berry, Thomas Carlson, Richard B. Minnis, Janet B. Payeur, James Sikarskie Jan 1997

Bovine Tuberculosis In Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer From Michigan, Stephen M. Schmitt, Scott D. Fitzgerald, Thomas M. Cooley, Colleen S. Bruning-Fann, Larry Sullivan, Dale Berry, Thomas Carlson, Richard B. Minnis, Janet B. Payeur, James Sikarskie

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

A 4.5 yr-old male white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) killed by a hunter during the 1994 firearm hunting season in northeastern Michigan (USA) had lesions suggestive of tuberculosis and was positive on culture for Mycobacterium bovis the causative agent for bovine tuberculosis. Subsequently, a survey of 354 hunter-harvested white-tailed deer for tuberculosis was conducted in this area from 15 November 1995 through 5 January 1996. Heads and/or lungs from deer were examined grossly and microscopically for lesions suggestive of bovine tuberculosis. Gross lesions suggestive of tuberculosis were seen in 15 deer. Tissues from 16 deer had acid-fast bacilli on …

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Phosphorylation Within The Amino-Terminal Acidic Domain I Of The Phosphoprotein Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Is Required For Transcription But Not For Replication, Asit K. Pattnaik, Leroy Hwang, Tong Le, Nathan Englund, Manjula Mathur, Tapas Das, Amiya Banerjee Jan 1997

Phosphorylation Within The Amino-Terminal Acidic Domain I Of The Phosphoprotein Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Is Required For Transcription But Not For Replication, Asit K. Pattnaik, Leroy Hwang, Tong Le, Nathan Englund, Manjula Mathur, Tapas Das, Amiya Banerjee

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Phosphorylation by casein kinase II at three specific residues (S-60, T-62, and S-64) within the acidic domain I of the P protein of Indiana serotype vesicular stomatitis virus has been shown to be critical for in vitro transcription activity of the viral RNA polymerase (P-L) complex. To examine the role of phosphorylation of P protein in transcription as well as replication in vivo, we used a panel of mutant P proteins in which the phosphate acceptor sites in domain I were substituted with alanines or other amino acids. Analyses of the alanine-substituted mutant P proteins for the ability to support …

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Current Issues In Rabies Prevention In The United States: Health Dilemmas, Public Coffers, Private Interests, Charles E. Rupprecht, Jean S. Smith, John Krebs, Michael Niezgoda, James E. Childs Sep 1996

Current Issues In Rabies Prevention In The United States: Health Dilemmas, Public Coffers, Private Interests, Charles E. Rupprecht, Jean S. Smith, John Krebs, Michael Niezgoda, James E. Childs

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Over the last 100 years, rabies in the United States has changed dramati~ally. More than 90% of all animal rabies cases reported annually to the CDC now occur in wildlife, whereas before 1960 the majority were in domestic animals. The principal rabies hosts today are wild carnivores and bats infected with several viral variants. Annual human deaths have fallen from more than a hundred at the turn of the century to one to two per year despite major outbreaks of animal rabies in several geographic areas. Modem day prophylaxis has proven nearly 100% successful; most human fatalities now occur in …

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Intestinal Lesions Caused By Two Swine Chlamydial Isolates In Gnotobiotic Pigs, Douglas G. Rogers, Arthur A. Andersen Sep 1996

Intestinal Lesions Caused By Two Swine Chlamydial Isolates In Gnotobiotic Pigs, Douglas G. Rogers, Arthur A. Andersen

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine whether 2 distinct chlamydial isolates recovered from the intestines and feces of diarrheic nursery pigs could cause intestinal lesions in gnotobiotic pigs. Both isolates share biological characteristics with Chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydial isolates R27 and R19 were propagated in Vero cells or embryonated eggs, respectively, and suspended in sucrose-phosphate-glutamine buffer with 10% fetal bovine serum for inoculation. Sham inocula were prepared from uninfected cell culture lysates and from uninfected eggs. Each piglet was fed 1 ml of inoculum or sham inoculum at 3-4 days of age. Ten piglets were each fed 10 …

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Lung And Nasal Lesions Caused By A Swine Chlamydial Isolate In Gnotobiotic Pigs, Douglas G. Rogers, Arthur A. Andersen, Breck D. Hunsaker Sep 1996

Lung And Nasal Lesions Caused By A Swine Chlamydial Isolate In Gnotobiotic Pigs, Douglas G. Rogers, Arthur A. Andersen, Breck D. Hunsaker

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine whether a chlamydial isolate recovered from nasal swabs from swine with pneumonia could cause pneumonia and rhinitis in gnotobiotic pigs. The identity of the isolate currently is unknown, but it shares characteristics with Chlamydia trachomatis. After propagation in Vero cells and preparation of the inoculum (2.5 x 1010 inclusion-forming units/ml), Chlamydiae were instilled into nostrils (1.0 ml/nostril) and lungs (2.0 ml intralaryngeally) of 15 anesthetized 3-day-old gnotobiotic piglets. Five age-matched gnotobiotic piglets were anesthetized and sham infected with uninfected cell culture lysates. Two treated piglets were moribund and 2 were severely …

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The Latency-Related Gene Of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Encodes A Product Which Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression, L. M. Schang, Ashfaque Hossain, Clinton J. Jones Jun 1996

The Latency-Related Gene Of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Encodes A Product Which Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression, L. M. Schang, Ashfaque Hossain, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) establishes a latent infection in the sensory ganglionic neurons of cattle. The exclusive viral RNA expressed in a latent infection is the latency-related (LR) RNA, suggesting that it regulates some aspect of a latent infection. During the course of a productive infection, alphaherpesviruses induce certain events which occur during cell cycle progression. Consequently, we hypothesized that a BHV-1 infection might induce events in neurons which occur during cell cycle progression. In agreement with this hypothesis, cyclin A was detected in neurons of trigeminal ganglia when rabbits were infected. Neuronal cell cycle progression or inappropriate expression of …

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Comparison Of Gross Pathology, Histopathology, And Mycobacterial Culture For The Diagnosis Of Tuberculosis In Elk (Cervus Elaphus), Elizabeth B. Rohonczy, Arumuga V. Balachandran, Thomas W. Dukes, Janet B. Payeur, Jack C. Rhyan, Dennis A. Saari, Terry L. Whiting, Susan H. Wilson, Jerald L. Jarnagin Jan 1996

Comparison Of Gross Pathology, Histopathology, And Mycobacterial Culture For The Diagnosis Of Tuberculosis In Elk (Cervus Elaphus), Elizabeth B. Rohonczy, Arumuga V. Balachandran, Thomas W. Dukes, Janet B. Payeur, Jack C. Rhyan, Dennis A. Saari, Terry L. Whiting, Susan H. Wilson, Jerald L. Jarnagin

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Using the isolation of Mycobacterium bovis as the reference standard, this study evaluated the sensitivity, specificity and kappa statistic of gross pathology (abattoir postmortem inspection), histopathology, and parallel or series combinations of the two for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in 430 elk and red deer. Two histopathology interpretations were evaluated: histopathology I, where the presence of lesions compatible with tuberculosis was considered positive, and histopathology II, where lesions compatible with tuberculosis or a select group of additional possible diagnoses were considered positive. In the 73 animals from which M. bovis was isolated, gross lesions of tuberculosis were most often in …

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Bovine Cell Line Resistant To In Vtro Infection By Bovine Viral Darrheavirus And All Other Known Pestiviruses, Ruben O. Donis, Eduardo F. Flores Jan 1996

Bovine Cell Line Resistant To In Vtro Infection By Bovine Viral Darrheavirus And All Other Known Pestiviruses, Ruben O. Donis, Eduardo F. Flores

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Bovine cell line resistant to infection by the pestiviruses Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), Hog Cholera Virus (HCV) and Border Disease Virus (BDV) and all progeny and mutants thereof. A bovine cell line (CRIB) that is resistant to infection by cytopathic and non-cytopathic BVDV and by other Pestiviruses due to a stable, recessive genetic defect which blocks infection at the level of viral entry.

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Cytokines In Pigs Bred Selectively For High And Low Immune Response [Abstract Only], Jay Reddy, Bruce N. Wilkie, Bonnie A. Mallard, Soren Rosendal Jan 1996

Cytokines In Pigs Bred Selectively For High And Low Immune Response [Abstract Only], Jay Reddy, Bruce N. Wilkie, Bonnie A. Mallard, Soren Rosendal

Jay Reddy Publications

Yorkshire pigs have been bred for high (H) and low (L) immune response based on selection for multiple antibody (Ab) and cell mediated immune response traits. High responders have better production and larger litter size when compared with controls and low responders. The ability of high and low line pigs to resist M. hyorhinis infection has been tested. The high responders had more rapid and higher Ab response and the severity of the disease was less, as judged by clinical and postmortem signs. However, arthritis was found to be relatively more severe in high responders. We hypothesized that the immune …

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Microevolutionary Patterns And Molecular Markers: The Genetics Of Geographic Variation In Ascaris Suum, Steven A. Nadler Jan 1996

Microevolutionary Patterns And Molecular Markers: The Genetics Of Geographic Variation In Ascaris Suum, Steven A. Nadler

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Molecular markers have been used only rarely to characterize the population genetic structure of nematodes. Published studies have suggested that different taxa may show distinct genetic architectures. Isoenzyme and RAPD markers have been used to investigate geographic variation of Ascaris suum at the level of infrapopulations (nematodes within individual hosts), within localities, and among geographic regions. Independent estimates of genetic differentiation among population samples based on isoenzyme and RAPD data showed similar patterns and substantial correlation. Heterozygote deficiencies within infrapopulations and large values for inbreeding coefficients among infrapopulations suggested that the composition of these populations was not consistent with a …

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Cervical Cancer: Is Herpes Simplex Virus Type Ii A Cofactor?, Clinton J. Jones Oct 1995

Cervical Cancer: Is Herpes Simplex Virus Type Ii A Cofactor?, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Approximately 1.6% of all women will develop cancer of the cervix during their lifetime (4). Cervical cancer is the second leading type of cancer in women and accounts for approximately one-sixth of all cancer deaths in females. In many ways, cervical cancer behaves as a sexually transmitted disease. The major risk factors associated with cervical cancer are the early onset of sexual intercourse, multiple sexual partners, and/or sexual contact with promiscuous partners (66, 94). The disease is composed of several pathological stages ranging from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to invasive squamous carcinoma. Substantial evidence suggests that CIN is a precursor …

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Phage Infection, Transfection And Transformation Of Mycobacterium Avium Complex And Mycobacterium Paratuberculosis, Ellen M. Foley-Thomas, Diane L. Whipple, Luiz M. Bermudez, Raul G. Barletta Oct 1995

Phage Infection, Transfection And Transformation Of Mycobacterium Avium Complex And Mycobacterium Paratuberculosis, Ellen M. Foley-Thomas, Diane L. Whipple, Luiz M. Bermudez, Raul G. Barletta

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Mycobacterium avium complex strains and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis are closely related intracellular pathogens affecting humans and animals. M. avium complex infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in AIDS patients, and M. paratuberculosis is the agent of Johne's disease in ruminants. Genetic manipulation of these micro-organisms would facilitate the understanding of their pathogenesis, the construction of attenuated vaccine strains and the development of new drugs and treatment methods. This paper describes the replication of mycobacterial shuttle phasmids and plasmids, and the expression of the firefly luciferase reporter gene in M. avium complex and M. paratuberculosis. The mycobacteriophage TM4 …

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EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia Coli O157:H7 Requires Intimin To Colonize The Gnotobiotic Pig Intestine And To Adhere To Hep-2 Cells, Marian L. Mckee, Angela R. Melton-Celsa, Rodney A. Moxley, David H. Francis, Alison D. O'Brien Sep 1995

EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia Coli O157:H7 Requires Intimin To Colonize The Gnotobiotic Pig Intestine And To Adhere To Hep-2 Cells, Marian L. Mckee, Angela R. Melton-Celsa, Rodney A. Moxley, David H. Francis, Alison D. O'Brien

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

In a previous study, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 with a deletion and insertion in the eaeA gene encoding intimin was used to establish that intimin is required for the organism to attach to and efface microvilli in the piglet intestine (M. S. Donnenberg, S. Tzipori, M. L. McKee, A. D. O’Brien, J. Alroy, and J. B. Kaper, J. Clin. Invest. 92:1418–1424, 1993). However, in the same investigation, a role for intimin in EHEC adherence to HEp-2 cells could not be definitively demonstrated. To analyze the basis for this discrepancy, we constructed an in-frame deletion of eaeA and compared the …

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Identification Of Gene Products Encoded By The Latency-Related Gene Of Bovine Herpesvirus 1, Ashfaque Hossain, L. M. Schang, Clinton J. Jones Sep 1995

Identification Of Gene Products Encoded By The Latency-Related Gene Of Bovine Herpesvirus 1, Ashfaque Hossain, L. M. Schang, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) establishes a latent infection in sensory ganglionic neurons of infected animals. Expression of latency-related (LR) gene products is controlled by a 980-bp fragment (LR promoter). DNA sequence analysis revealed that two major open reading frames (ORFs) are in the LR gene. Antibodies directed against both ORFs were generated in rabbits by using synthetic peptides. Antibody P2, which is directed to sequences near the amino terminus of ORF 2, recognized a 41-kDa protein in lytically infected cells, suggesting that ORF 2 encodes a protein. When the LR gene was inserted into a mammalian expression vector and subsequently …

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Heterozygosity Mapping Of Partially Congenic Lines: Mapping Of A Semidominant Neurological Mutation, Wheels ( Whl), On Mouse Chromosome 4, Patrick M. Nolan, Patricia J. Sollars, Barbara A. Bohne, Warren J. Ewens, Gary E. Pickard, Maja Bucan May 1995

Heterozygosity Mapping Of Partially Congenic Lines: Mapping Of A Semidominant Neurological Mutation, Wheels ( Whl), On Mouse Chromosome 4, Patrick M. Nolan, Patricia J. Sollars, Barbara A. Bohne, Warren J. Ewens, Gary E. Pickard, Maja Bucan

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

We identified a semidominant, chemically induced, mouse use mutation with a complex array of abnormal behaviors including bidirectional circling and hyperactivity, abnormal circadian rhythmicity and abnormal responses to light. In this report, we genetically and phenotypically characterized the circling/ waltzing component of the abnormal behavior. We mapped the locus controlling this trait by heterozygosity mapping of partially congenic lines carrying the mutagenized chromosome outcrossed to different inbred strains for three generations. Analysis of 68 PCR-based markers in 13 affected individuals indicated that the mutant locus, named Wheels (Whl), resides in the subcentromeric portion of mouse chromosome 4. The …

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Restoration Of Circadian Behavior By Anterior Hypothalamic Heterografts, Patricia J. Sollars, Daniel P. Kimble, Gary E. Pickard Mar 1995

Restoration Of Circadian Behavior By Anterior Hypothalamic Heterografts, Patricia J. Sollars, Daniel P. Kimble, Gary E. Pickard

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus (AH) is a circadian oscillator and an important component of the mammalian circadian system. To determine whether the SCN is the dominant circadian pacemaker responsible for generating a species-typical characteristic of circadian rhythms [i.e., period length (T)], neural transplantation was conducted using fetal AH donors of different species and SCN-lesioned (SCNx) hosts. The circadian behavior of each of the three donor species is clearly distinguishable by its species-typical T. The extent of SCN pacemaker autonomy was assessed by noting whether the period of the restored circadian rhythm following heterograft transplantation was characteristic …

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Infections Associated With Bartonella Species In Persons Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Russell L. Regnery, James E. Childs, Jane E. Koehler Jan 1995

Infections Associated With Bartonella Species In Persons Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Russell L. Regnery, James E. Childs, Jane E. Koehler

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Two members of the genus Bartonella, Bartonella quintana (formerly Rochalimaea quintana) and Bartonella henselae (formerly Rochalimaea henselae), have recently been recognized as agents of severe or fatal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiencyv irus (HIV). The development of infection with B. henselae in HIV-infected individuals has been associated with traumatic contact with cats (scratches or bites), and domestic cats have been identified as a major reservoir for this organism. Specific information regarding the transmission of B. henselae to humans is not yet available, but common-sense precautions that minimize exposure to cat-associated organisms are appropriate. Preliminary accounts suggest that …

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Rabies--Epidemiology, Prevention, And Future Research, John W. Krebs, Mark L. Wilson, James E. Childs Jan 1995

Rabies--Epidemiology, Prevention, And Future Research, John W. Krebs, Mark L. Wilson, James E. Childs

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Rabies is caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus, maintained in nature by a variety of animal reservoirs. Rabies virus infects the central nervous system, resulting in progressive encephalopathy and ultimately death in an infected human. Globally, the risk of contracting rabies for humans is greatest in regions of the developing world where dog rabies is enzootic. Where rabies in dogs has been eliminated or otherwise controlled through vaccination programs, the disease can be maintained by wildlife. Wildlife primarily involved in maintenance of transmission cycles are carnivores and bats. Persons having frequent contact with wildlife, such as mammalogists, are at …

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Rodent-Borne Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses: A Special Risk For Mammalogists?, James E. Childs, James N. Mills, Gregory E. Glass Jan 1995

Rodent-Borne Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses: A Special Risk For Mammalogists?, James E. Childs, James N. Mills, Gregory E. Glass

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

We review two groups of taxonomically unrelated viruses that share similarities in host preference and transmission routes to humans and pose a risk for mammalogists working with rodents. The rodent-borne hemorrhagic fever viruses in the Arenaviridae and Bunyaviridae are widely distributed on most continents where rodents occur. Their geographic distribution usually exceeds the distribution of the recognized human diseases they cause and has resulted from either natural coevolutionary events or the dissemination of viral passengers traveling with introduced mammalian hosts. Diseases of humans caused by these agents are among the most severe and most frequently fatal of zoonotic diseases. These …

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A Case-Control Study Of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome During An Outbreak In The Southwestern United States, Paul S. Zeitz, Jay C. Butler, James E. Cheek, Michael C. Samuel, James E. Childs, Lee A. Shands, Richard E. Turner, Ronald E. Voorhees, John Sarisky, Pierre E. Rollin, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Louisa Chapman, Susan E. Reef, Kenneth K. Komatsu, Craig Dalton, John W. W. Krebs, Gary O. Maupin, Kenneth Gage, C. Mack Sewell, Robert F. Breiman, C. J. Peters Jan 1995

A Case-Control Study Of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome During An Outbreak In The Southwestern United States, Paul S. Zeitz, Jay C. Butler, James E. Cheek, Michael C. Samuel, James E. Childs, Lee A. Shands, Richard E. Turner, Ronald E. Voorhees, John Sarisky, Pierre E. Rollin, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Louisa Chapman, Susan E. Reef, Kenneth K. Komatsu, Craig Dalton, John W. W. Krebs, Gary O. Maupin, Kenneth Gage, C. Mack Sewell, Robert F. Breiman, C. J. Peters

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

In May 1993, an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome( HPS) occurred in the south-western United States. A case-control study determined risk factors for HPS. Seventeen case-patients were compared with 3 groups of controls: members of case-patient households( household controls), members of neighboring households( near controls), and members of randomly selected households ≥ 24 km away ( far controls). Investigators trapped more small rodents at case households than at near ( P = .03) or far control households( P = .02). After the number of small rodents was controlled for,case-patients were more likely than household controls to hand plow (odds ratio …

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Guidelines For Working With Rodents Potentially Infected With Hantavirus, James N. Mills, Terry L. Yates, James E. Childs, Robert R. Parmenter, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Pierre E. Rollin, C.J. Peters Jan 1995

Guidelines For Working With Rodents Potentially Infected With Hantavirus, James N. Mills, Terry L. Yates, James E. Childs, Robert R. Parmenter, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Pierre E. Rollin, C.J. Peters

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and the possibility of aerosol transmission of hantaviruses, persons handling known reservoir species in the field, laboratory, or classroom should take special precautions to minimize the risk of infection. We provide specific guidelines for personal safety while trapping, handling and releasing, transporting, sampling, and performing necropsy on potentially infected rodents or teaching field classes in areas occupied by reservoir species. Special consideration should be given to respiratory protection, choice and use of disinfectants, decontamination of instruments and traps, proper disposal of infectious wastes, and preservation and shipment of …

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Bovine Tuberculosis In A Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) From Montana, Jack Rhyan, Keith Aune, Brian Hood, Ryan Clarke, Janet Payeur, Jerald Jamagin, Larry Stackhouse Jan 1995

Bovine Tuberculosis In A Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) From Montana, Jack Rhyan, Keith Aune, Brian Hood, Ryan Clarke, Janet Payeur, Jerald Jamagin, Larry Stackhouse

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

A survey of 41 mule deer (Odocolleus hemionus) and three white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) for bovine tuberculosis was conducted on a Montana (USA) cattle ranch from 2 November 1993 through January 1994. Gross and microscopic lesions typical of tuberculosis were present in tonsil and lymph nodes of the head, thorax, and abdomen of one adult female mule deer. Additionally, a single microgranuloma considered morphologically suggestive of tuberculosis was present in one lymph node of the head of a second mule deer. Mycobacterial isolates from lymph nodes of the head and thorax of the first deer were …

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The Role Of Aidose Reductase In Diabetic Retinopathy: Prevention And Intervention Studies, W. Gerald Robinson Jr., Nora M. Laver, Marjorie F. Lou Jan 1995

The Role Of Aidose Reductase In Diabetic Retinopathy: Prevention And Intervention Studies, W. Gerald Robinson Jr., Nora M. Laver, Marjorie F. Lou

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Diabetic retinopathy is the major ocular complication of diabetes, both in terms of incidence and irreversible visual impairment. In spite of modern procedures for strict blood glucose control (DCCT, 1993), laser treatment (ETDRS, 1991f; Aiello, 1994), vitrectomy (Gardner and Blankenship, 1994; Glaser, 1994b), and classical pituitary ablation (Kohner et al., 1976; Speakman et al., 1966; Poulsen, 1953), it is a serious threat to normal vision. It is mainly a vascular disorder, primarily involving microvessels (Garner, 1970). Retinal capillaries undergo multiple, extremely complex structural alterations in response to the unavoidable hyperglycemia of long-term diabetes. Because many of the angiopathies occur on …

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Certain Canine Weakly Β-Hemolytic Intestinal Spirochetes Are Phenotypically And Genotypically Related To Spirochetes Associated With Human And Porcine Intestinal Spirochetosis, Gerald E. Duhamel, Nagaraja Muniappa, Michelle R. Mathiesen, J. L. Johnson, J. Toth, R. O. Elder, A. R. Doster Jan 1995

Certain Canine Weakly Β-Hemolytic Intestinal Spirochetes Are Phenotypically And Genotypically Related To Spirochetes Associated With Human And Porcine Intestinal Spirochetosis, Gerald E. Duhamel, Nagaraja Muniappa, Michelle R. Mathiesen, J. L. Johnson, J. Toth, R. O. Elder, A. R. Doster

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Four canine weakly β-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes associated with intestinal spirochetosis (IS-associated WBHIS) were compared with IS-associated human and porcine WBHIS and the type species for Serpulina hyodysenteriae and S. innocens by using phenotypic and genotypic parameters. The IS-associated canine, human, and porcine WBHIS belonged to a phyletic group distinct from but related to previously described Serpulina type species.

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An Abattoir Study Of Tuberculosis In A Herd Of Farmed Elk, Terry L. Whiting, Stacy V. Tessaro Aug 1994

An Abattoir Study Of Tuberculosis In A Herd Of Farmed Elk, Terry L. Whiting, Stacy V. Tessaro

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and distribution of grossly visible lesions of tuberculosis in a herd of 344 North American elk (Cervus elaphus) depopulated during a three-month period in 1991. Abattoir inspection detected mycobacterial lesions in 134 (39.8%) of the 337 animals received for slaughter. The prevalence of lesions increased with the age of the animals. Lesions were predominantly suppurative rather than caseous, and mineralization was less evident than in tuberculous lesions in cattle. Lesions occurred predominantly -in lymph nodes, and lungs were the only organs in which mycobacterial lesions were found. The …

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Identification And Characterization Of A Human Herpesvirus 6 Gene Segment Capable Of Transactivating The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat In An Spl Binding Site-Dependent Manner, Jinhai Wang, Clinton J. Jones, Michael Norcross, Ernst Bohnlein, Abdur Razzaque Mar 1994

Identification And Characterization Of A Human Herpesvirus 6 Gene Segment Capable Of Transactivating The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat In An Spl Binding Site-Dependent Manner, Jinhai Wang, Clinton J. Jones, Michael Norcross, Ernst Bohnlein, Abdur Razzaque

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) is transactivated by various extracellular signals and viral cofactors that include human herpesviruses. These transactivators are capable of transactivating the HIV-1 LTR through the transactivation response element, NF-KB, or other regulatory binding elements. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a potential cofactor of HIV-1. Here, we report that an HHV-6 gene segment, ZVH14, which can neoplastically transform NIH 3T3 and human keratinocytes, is capable of transactivating HIV-1 LTR chloramphenicol acetyltransferase constructs in an Spl binding site-dependent manner. Transactivation increased synergistically in the presence of multiple Spl sites and was dramatically …

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Serologic And Genetic Identification Of Peromyscus Maniculatus As The Primary Rodent Reservoir For A New Hantavirus In The Southwestern United States, James E. Childs, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Christina F. Spiropoulou, John W. Krebs, Sergey Morzunov, Gary O. Maupin, Kenneth L. Gage, Pierre E. Rollin, John Sarisky, Russell E. Enscore, Jennifer K. Frey, C. J. Peters, Stuart T. Nichol Jan 1994

Serologic And Genetic Identification Of Peromyscus Maniculatus As The Primary Rodent Reservoir For A New Hantavirus In The Southwestern United States, James E. Childs, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Christina F. Spiropoulou, John W. Krebs, Sergey Morzunov, Gary O. Maupin, Kenneth L. Gage, Pierre E. Rollin, John Sarisky, Russell E. Enscore, Jennifer K. Frey, C. J. Peters, Stuart T. Nichol

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

An outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome(H PS) in the southwestern United States was etiologically linked to a newly recognized hantavirus. Knowledge that hantaviruses are maintained in rodent reservoirs stimulated a field and laboratory investigation of 1696 small mammals of 31 species. The most commonly captured rodent, the deer mouse( Peromyscus maniculatus), had the highest antibody prevalence(3 %)to four hantavirus antigens. Antibody also was detected in 10 other species of rodent and in 1 species of rabbit. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction( RT-PCR)products of hantavirus from rodent tissues were indistinguishable from those from human H PS patients. More than 96% of …

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White-Tailed Deer As A Potential Reseroir Of Ehrlichia Spp., Jacqueline E. Dawson, James E. Childs, Kristine L. Biggie, Charla Moore, David Stalknecht, John Shaddock, John Bouseman, Erik Hofmeister, James G. Olson Jan 1994

White-Tailed Deer As A Potential Reseroir Of Ehrlichia Spp., Jacqueline E. Dawson, James E. Childs, Kristine L. Biggie, Charla Moore, David Stalknecht, John Shaddock, John Bouseman, Erik Hofmeister, James G. Olson

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

We determined the antibody prevalence to Ehrlichia spp., in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and the geographic distribution of seropositive animals in 84 counties in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia (USA). Using an indirect fluorescent antibody test we detected antibodies (≥ 1:128) to this bacterium in 544 (43%) of 1269 deer. Presence of antibodies to Ehrlichia spp. was related to a southerly latitude, low elevation, and resulting milder climatic conditions. It appears that whitetailed deer were naturally infected with Ehrlichia spp.; the infection …

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Expression Of Functional Protease And Subviral Particles By Vaccinia Virus Containing Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus Gag And 5' Pol Genes, Travis C. Mcguire, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Timothy V. Baszler, Steven R. Leib, Alberta L. Brassfield, William C. Davis Jan 1994

Expression Of Functional Protease And Subviral Particles By Vaccinia Virus Containing Equine Infectious Anaemia Virus Gag And 5' Pol Genes, Travis C. Mcguire, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Timothy V. Baszler, Steven R. Leib, Alberta L. Brassfield, William C. Davis

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Cells infected with vaccinia viruses expressing the equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) gag gene (VGag) or gag plus the 5' pol encoding protease (VGag/PR) were evaluated with monoclonal antibody to a p26 capsid protein linear epitope (QEISKFLTD). Both recombinant viruses expressed Gag precursor protein (55K) whereas only VGag/PR expressed a detectable Gag-Pol fusion protein (82K) with a functional protease, shown by subviral particles containing processed p26. Horses inoculated with VGag/PR produced antibodies reactive with EIAV Gag proteins.

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Scid Mouse Spleen Does Not Support Scrapie Agent Replication, Katherine I. O'Rourke, T. P. Huff, C. W. Leathers, M. M. Robinson, J. R. Gorham Jan 1994

Scid Mouse Spleen Does Not Support Scrapie Agent Replication, Katherine I. O'Rourke, T. P. Huff, C. W. Leathers, M. M. Robinson, J. R. Gorham

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

BALB/c and severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were inoculated intracerebrally or intraperitoneally with scrapie agent strain ME7 to examine the role of functional lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells in splenic infectivity and PrPsc accumulation. Intracerebrally inoculated BALB/c and SCID mice developed the clinical signs and microscopic lesions characteristic of scrapie. Spleens from terminally affected BALB/c mice contained PrPsc which was detectable by immunoblot analysis; SCID mouse spleens did not contain detectable PrP so. SCID mouse spleens collected during the first 90 days after intraperitoneal infection contained neither infectivity nor PrPsc.

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