Other Public Health Commons^™

Point Of Care Spirometry Assessment For Pediatric Asthma Prevalence In A Family Homeless Shelter In Omaha, Nebraska, Nathaniel Mattison, Dale Agner, Breanne Parets, Haley Mathews, Emily Saliga, Maria Vacha, Jamicah Harris, Ryan Saliga

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Abstract:

Introduction: The few studies on pediatric asthma in US homeless shelters describe a 27.9 – 39.8% prevalence, and historically Omaha has had a high incidence of fatal pediatric asthma. Thereby, Clarkson Family Medicine (CFM) residency began a pediatric asthma outreach to a local family-homeless shelter to assess the prevalence of pediatric asthma and follow-up appointment attendance.

Methods: We obtained a voluntary parent-child assessment of the child’s respiratory history and an Asthma Control Test (ACT) between ages 4-18 for children residing at the family-homeless shelter. We obtained a pre-albuterol and post-albuterol mobile spirometer assessment using the Global Initiative for …

"I Felt What Was Happening In Our Country [Usa] With Race Was So Much Scarier Than The [Covid-19] Virus.” Black Lives Matter Protesters’ Beliefs And Practices During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Evelyn Arana-Chicas, Brooke D. Jones, Francisco Cartujano-Barrera, Ana Paula Cupertino

Journal of Health Ethics

This study describes the COVID-19 prevention practices and beliefs of Black Lives Matter protesters in the U.S. Participants completed a survey on following COVID-19 guidelines and answered interview questions. Twenty participants were enrolled. Mean age was 29 and most were female (80%) and black (75%). Participants almost always wore their masks (75%) and washed their hands (85%) while protesting. Most reported rarely social distancing (55%) and not being concerned about COVID-19 (55%). Themes included: 1) Fighting for social justice, 2) Protesting is more important than COVID-19, 3) Unable to social distance, 4) Masks mostly worn, 5) Protests sparked global movement, …

The Yearly Financing Need Of Providing Paid Maternity Leave In The Informal Sector In Indonesia, Adiatma Y. M. Siregar, Pipit Pitriyan, Donny Hardiawan, Paul Zambrano, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Graciela Ma Teruel Belismelis, Meztli Moncada, David Tamayo, Grace Carroll, Rafael Perez-Escamilla, Roger Mathisen

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: The economic cost of not breastfeeding in Indonesia is estimated at US$1.5–9.4 billion annually, the highest in South East Asia. Half of the 33.6 million working women of reproductive age (WRA) in Indonesia (15–49 years) are informal employees, meaning they are working as casual workers or they are self-employed (small scale business) and assisted by unpaid/family worker(s). No specific maternity protection entitlements are currently available for WRA working informally in Indonesia. This study aims to estimate the financing need of providing maternity leave cash transfer (MCT) for WRA working in the informal sector in Indonesia. Method: The costing methodology …

Breastfeeding Media Coverage And Beliefs During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Mexico: Implications For Breastfeeding Equity, Mireya Vilar-Compte, P. Gaitán‐Rossi, E. C. Rhodes, V. Cruz‐Villalba, R. Pérez‐Escamilla

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: Because breastfeeding offers short- and long- term health benefits to mothers and children, breastfeeding promotion and support is a public health priority. Evidence shows that SARS-CoV-2 is not likely to be transmitted via breastmilk. Moreover, antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are thought to be contained in breastmilk of mothers with history of COVID-19 infection or vaccination. WHO recommends direct breastfeeding as the preferred infant feeding option during the COVID-19 pandemic, even among women with COVID-19; but conflicting practices have been adopted, which could widen existing inequities in breastfeeding. This study aims to describe how information about breastfeeding was communicated in Mexican …

Responding To Domestic Violence With Transformative Justice And Community Accountability, Anaiis Nysether

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Walnut Avenue Family & Women’s Center (WAFWC) wanted to create a survivor-driven transformative justice program for survivors of domestic violence and the people who caused them harm. The program needed to be customizable enough to suit the specific needs and individual safety considerations of the participants, but also needed enough structure that it could be reproducible from case to case. In order to design a program that was based on these ideas and able to be used in the context of a non-profit organization, WAFWC researched ways other communities had been using transformative justice and community accountability to address issues …

Digital Divide In Monterey County, Vanessa Diaz

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

The Monterey County Health Department Planning, Evaluation and Policy (PEP) Unit's goals are to empower the community, enhance public health and safety, ensure access to care, and engage the workforce. MCHD encourages all employees to understand social justice and equity for low-income and communities of color. Understanding and addressing health inequalities and justice in the county can improve overall health for everyone. The digital divide during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted too many Monterey County residents. The lack of computer access, computer literacy, and internet access may have impacted vaccination rates and even delayed COVID-19 resources. Utilizing the Monterey County COVID-19 …

Understanding Blue Light Retinal Damages And The Methods Of Prevention, Amelia Lee

Senior Honors Theses

Light emitting diode (LED) lights that comprise television screens, phone displays, laptops, and tablets have been studied by scientists in order to understand the implications of blue light radiation and the effects that it has on the human body—especially the retina of the eye. The retina is comprised of highly metabolic cells, and when those cells are placed under oxidative stress, death occurs causing ocular disease. Additionally, excess blue light exposure causes shifts in biological rhythms that govern patterns of alertness and sleep. Recently scientists began studying the methods of blue light prevention. Some studies show that blue light radiation …

Spatial Distribution Of Pm2.5-Related Premature Mortality In China, Sheng Zheng, Uwe Schlink, Kin-Fai Ho, Ramesh P. Singh, Andrea Pozzer

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

PM_2.5 is a major component of air pollution in China and has a serious threat to public health. It is very important to quantify spatial characteristics of the health effects caused by outdoor PM_2.5 exposure. This study analyzed the spatial distribution of PM_2.5 concentration (45.9 μg/m³ national average in 2016) and premature mortality attributed to PM_2.5 in cities at the prefectural level and above in China in 2016. Using the Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM), the total premature mortality in China was estimated to be 1.55 million persons, and the per capita mortality was 11.2 …

The Nature Of Anti-Asian American Xenophobia During The Coronavirus Pandemic: A Preliminary Exploration Into Envy As A Key Motivator Of Hate, Daisuke Akiba

Publications and Research

Background. The current Coronavirus pandemic has been linked to a dramatic increase in anti-Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) hate incidents in the United States. At the time of writing, there does not appear to be any published empirical research examining the mechanisms underlying Asiaphobia during the current pandemic. Based on the stereotype content model, we investigated the idea that ambivalent attitudes toward AAPIs, marked primarily with envy, may be contributing to anti-AAPI xenophobia. Methods. Study 1 (N = 140) explored, through a survey, the link between envious stereotypes toward AAPIs and Asiaphobia. Study 2 (N = 167), …

Geriatric Emergency Medicine Fellowship Journal Club: Frailty, Sarah Keene, Rebecca Fisher, Lauren Cameron-Comasco

Journal of Geriatric Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Managing Covid-19: Legal And Institutional Issues, Yon-Shik Lee

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Responding To The Pandemic: A Multicountry Study On Social-Political Factors And Health Outcomes Of Covid-19, Lan Yao

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Introduction. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a major global threat to human beings, which has caused devastating consequences of population health, political, and economic crises in many countries. This dissertation was composed of three research activities to study the following aims: (1) review the existing literature focusing on political factors and health outcomes of COVID-19; (2) assess the relationship between democracy and case fatality rate of COVID-19 by controlling for the effect of age, comorbidity, health expenditure, healthcare workforce, and population density; and (3) identify the trajectory pattern cases peak days, deaths peak days, and peak periods.

Methods. We accessed …

Analisis Hubungan Kebisingan Terhadap Keluhan Gangguan Pendengaran Pada Pekerja Di Departemen Spinning, Weaving, Dan Dyeing Pt X Tahun 2020, Kota Jakarta Timur, Dki Jakarta, Adelia Hanita Dewi, Haryoto Kusnoputranto

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. PT X is a textile industry in Indonesia with a variety of machinery and equipment generating high-intensity noise in several areas. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between noise intensity higher than 85 dBA with hearing loss complain on workers of spinning, weaving, and dyeing department at PT X. Methods. The method used in this study was quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional study design. The number of samples in this study was 84 workers chosen by proportionate stratified random sampling method. The independent variable in this study was noise level while the dependent variable was hearing loss complaints, …

Hubungan Kepadatan Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti Di Rumah Dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (Dbd) Di Kelurahan Tegal Alur Kecamatan Kalideres, Jakarta Barat, Tahun 2019, Alifia Daariy, R Budi Haryanto

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the main public health concerns in Indonesia. Aedes aegypti mosquito abundance is a risk factor for DHF. This condition is also influenced by individual characteristics and worsened by environmental factors, eradication of mosquito nests and prevention of mosquito bites practice. Metode. This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design aims to analyze the correlation of adult Ae. aegypti density in houses with DHF in Tegal Alur, Kalideres, 2019. The data were obtained from interviewing 152 study subjects and collecting adult mosquitoes in 55 selected houses in 4 high incidence RW. Adult Ae. aegypti …

Hubungan Tingkat Kebisingan Di Lingkungan Kerja Dengan Tekanan Darah Pada Pekerja Di Unit Utilities Dan Oil Movement Pt Pertamina (Persero) Refinery Unit Vi Balongan, Jawa Barat Tahun 2020, Cheryl Khairunnisa Miyanda, Ema Hermawati

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. This study aims to analyze the relationship of noise levels in the work environment, factors of worker characteristics (age, length of work, duration of work, hereditary history, and BMI), worker behavior (use of PPE, smoking behavior, and physical activity) with blood pressure on workers in Utilities and Oil Movement Units of PT Pertamina (Persero) Refinery Unit VI Balongan in 2020. Methods. This study uses quantitative research methods with cross sectional study design. The number of samples of this study are 72 workers in the Utilities and Oil Movement Units. Data of noise is obtained from direct measurements using a …

Hubungan Faktor Individu, Lingkungan Dan Komputer Dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome (Cvs) Pada Staf Polres Metro Jakarta Pusat Tahun 2020, Achmad Fachri, Ririn Arminsih Wulandari

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is one of the emerging diseases in the 21st century because of advanced technology with the global prevalence around 60 million from various population characteristics and could cause an economic burden equivalent to 192 trillion rupiah. To determine the relationship of individual, environmental, and computer factors as well as the dominant risk factor with the occurrence of CVS in the Central Jakarta Metropolitan Police Officers in 2020. Methods. This study uses a cross-sectional study approach with sample of 92 police officers who are serving at the headquarters. Data were collected through questionnaire and direct environmental …

Analisis Spasial Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue Di Kabupaten Cirebon Tahun 2014-2018, Irwin Umi Latifah, Laila Fitria

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Background. Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a arbovirus disease transmitted by Aedes sp. throughout the world including Indonesia. This disease is endemic in several regions such as West Java, one of regions is Cirebon regency whose cases are always in the region. This study aims to spatially analyze the incidence of dengue fever in Cirebon regency in 2014-2018. This study uses an ecological study design, which analyzes the population between climate variables (air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and wind speed), population density, and larval free numbers using secondary data. Methods. This study uses graphical relationship analysis, statistical analysis that is statistical …

Factors Determining Successful Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Working Mothers In Indonesia: An Exploration By Using Positive Deviance Concept: Analysis Of Secondary Data Of Demographic Health Survey Indonesia 2017, Melinda Mastan, Endang Laksminingsih Achadi

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Despite the fact that exclusive breastfeeding brings a lot of benefits for infants and mothers, breastfeeding rates in Indonesia remain low, at 42% of all infants aged 0-5 months in 2012. This study aims to apply the positive deviance concept to explore the factors determining the success of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in a high-risk group in Indonesia. The study used the cross-sectional, DHS 2017 data of 1.178 mothers with 0-5 months old infants in Indonesia. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests with 95% confidence intervals are used in identifying the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Maternal working status is …

An Effective Method To Predict Low Birth Weight In Indonesia Rural Area, Asyifa Robiatul Adawiyah, Kusharisupeni Djokosujono, Nur Alam, Novita Arie Setiawati

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Antenatal care (ANC) is a compulsory program in Indonesia with minimally 4 times visits, unfortunately, regular Antenatal care visit at Kanjillo health center, South Sulawesi, Indonesia is still low. Most of the Low Birth Weight (LBW) cases in Indonesia happened in a rural-areas, where most of the women conducted the first visit ANC on the third trimester. This study aimed to determine the cut-off point of mother’s last trimester pregnancy weight for predicting as well as preventing low birthweight outcomes in the community. The research design was cross-sectional with secondary data taken from the Kanjilo health center, with 150 pregnant …

Relationship Of Age, Gender, And History Of Comorbid Diseases In Tb Patients Toward Self-Stigma Tb In Surakarta, Ignes Widowati, Balgis Balgis, Sri Mulyani

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Tuberculosis (TB) infection in Indonesia has not been completely eradicated. It is challenging for those who suffer from TB to be away from self-stigma. This study aimed to determine the relationship between age factors, gender, and a history of comorbid diseases related to self-stigma. This was a cross sectional study using a Tuberculosis Stigma Assessment questionnaire. Total 50 respondents were obtained by purposive sampling technique. Inclusion criteria are TB patients or former patients aged 18 years to the elderly, male and female, without or having a history of comorbidities (HIV & DM). Quantitative-qualitative analysis, univariate and bivariate tests using Pearson …

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Di Kabupaten Lebak, Provinsi Banten, Indonesia, Ilham Ibrahim, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Triyanti Triyanti, Tria Astika Endah Permatasari

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Diarrhea is an endemic disease that has the potential to create extraordinary events in a country, including Indonesia. The highest diarrhea case was found in Banten Province, namely in Lebak Regency, the highest number was in the school-age group. This study aims to determine the relationship between the incidence of diarrhea on children's characteristics, children's behavior characteristics, mother/family characteristics, and environmental characteristics. This study uses secondary data with a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 151 elementary school children. The research was conducted in Cidahu Village RT/RW 02/01 Karangkamulyan Village, Lebak Regency, Banten Province. The dependent variable is the …

The Effect Of The Provision Of Bagea Enriched With Sea Urchin Gonads On Weight Gain In Toddlers Of The Bajo Ethnic, La Banudi, Suriana Koro, M. Anas Anasiru, Nurmiaty Nurmiaty

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Cassava starch extract and sea urchin gonads can be used as ingredients for making various kinds of food formulas. This study aimed to develop cassava starch extract as a formula for making bagea added with sea urchin gonads which are rich in nutrients to make it good for child. This study was aimed at analyzing the effect of the provision of bagea enriched by sea urchin gonads on weight gain in toddlers of the Bajo community. In making the formula of bagea, the researchers used a quasi-experimental design. After the data were collected, they were then checked for feasibility, coded, …

Menjaga Keberlangsungan Situ Pladen Dengan “Pesan Jepapah”, Zakyta P. G, Adhe F, Zakianis Zakianis, Aisya S. N, Aisya K, Dwi N. N, Hanisa P, Imelda O. D. J, Johnida A. A, Novi M. C, Rifa F, Achmad F, Harry K, Dinda C, Donny A

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

Backgrounds. Depok is one of the cities with waste production reaching 1,307 tons per day. From 1,307 tonnes of waste generated, only 850 tonnes of waste can be transported. Garbage that is not accommodated in the Final Disposal Site is eventually dumped in any place, which is Situ Pladen, which results in poor water quality because it contains toxic waste. This study aims to identify problems, determine priority problems in waste management, identify determinant factors of waste management problems, and intervene based on determinant factors of waste management problems in the Situ Pladen area. Methods. This research is a quantitative …

Access To Health Care In Appalachia: Perception And Reality, Michele Morrone, Cory E. Cronin, Kristin Schuller, Shannon E. Nicks

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Health disparities such as cancer and diabetes are well documented in Appalachia. These disparities contribute to health status, and by many indicators, Appalachian people are less healthy than those who live in other parts of the country. Access to health care is one factor that contributes to health disparities. Access to care is complex and involves both intrinsic and extrinsic aspects, including satisfaction with quality of care. This research sought to compare Appalachian to non-Appalachian communities in terms of perceptions of access to care.

Methods: We implemented a statewide survey to quantify perceptions of multiple components of …

Promoting Inclusion Of Adults With Disabilities In Local Fitness Programs: A Needs Assessment, Samantha M. Ross, Bridgette Schram, Kathleen Mccarty, Nicole Fiscella, Willie Chun Wai Leung, Kayla Lindland

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

Fit-Pals* is a university-based, service-learning program with a mission to prepare adults with disabilities to engage in lifelong physical activity. We conducted a Needs Assessment to evaluate recent programmatic partnerships with community-based fitness organizations. We aimed to (1) evaluate organizational perceptions of Fit-Pals’ partnership efforts, and (2) identify perceived organizational needs to improve inclusion practices. Representatives from each of our seven partner organizations participated in an online-survey, follow-up interviews, and a stakeholder meeting. A thematic analysis of survey and interview responses highlighted areas for programmatic growth related to training in disability awareness and fitness accommodations, and improved communication across all …

Introducing The Vpha Policy Forum, Benjamin P. Barber

Virginia Journal of Public Health

Data before and during the pandemic indicates Virginia's public health system needs reform. This article suggests that reform requires policy change, and it introduces the VPHA forum as a place to examine current policies and explore new ideas. Finally, it encourages policymakers, advocates, and the public to focus on fundamental questions about how public health is financed and delivered in Virginia. Answering these questions is necessary to creating better public health policies - and better health - for all Virginians.

Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Loneliness And Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study, Roger O’Sullivan, Annette Burns, Gerard Leavey, Iracema Leroi, Vanessa Burholt, James Lubben, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Christina Victor, Brian Lawlor, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Carla M. Perissinotto, Mark A. Tully, Mary Pat Sullivan, Michael Rosato, Joanna Mchugh Power, Elisa Tiilikainen, Thomas R. Prohaska

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

The COVID-19 global pandemic and subsequent public health social measures have challenged our social and economic life, with increasing concerns around potentially rising levels of social isolation and loneliness. This paper is based on cross-sectional online survey data (available in 10 languages, from 2 June to 16 November 2020) with 20,398 respondents from 101 different countries. It aims to help increase our understanding of the global risk factors that are associated with social isolation and loneliness, irrespective of culture or country, to support evidence-based policy, services and public health interventions. We found the prevalence of severe loneliness was 21% during …

La Migración Como Determinante De La Obesidad Infantil En Estados Unidos Y Latinoamérica, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Arturo V. Bustamante, Nancy López-Olmedo, Pablo Gaitán-Ross, Jaqueline Torres, Karen E. Peterson, Graciela Teruel, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

La migración internacional tiene consecuencias económicas y en la salud. El proceso de aculturación en el país de acogida puede estar relacionado con la obesidad infan-til. Utilizamos el marco conceptual del balance energético comunitario (CEB, por sus siglas en inglés) para analizar la relación entre migración y obesidad infantil en los hogares mexicanos con migrantes internacionales. Utilizando datos longitudinales de la Encuesta Nacional de Niveles de Vida de los Hogares de México (ENNViH), exami-namos cómo influyen las redes de migrantes sobre la obesidad infantil en las comuni-dades de origen. También revisamos programas de salud binacionales que podrían ser eficaces para …

Spatial Disparities: The Role Of Nativity In Neighborhood Exposure To Alcohol And Tobacco Retailers, Georgiana Bostean, Luis A. Sánchez, Jason A. Douglas

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Studies of retail environment, one of the social determinants of health, document racial/ethnic disparities in exposure to alcohol and tobacco (A and T) retailers, but have largely overlooked nativity. We examined associations between A and T retailer density and rates of foreign-born Latinx and foreign-born Asian residents in California census tracts (N = 7888), using spatial regressions and controlling for population and ecological confounders (e.g., population density, zoning, residential instability, urbanicity). Socio-demographic data came from the American Community Survey (2012–2016); census tract density of A and T retailers came from geocoded addresses from state license data for off-sale alcohol distributors …

Validation Of An Electronic Trigger To Measure Missed Diagnosis Of Stroke In Emergency Departments, Viralkumar Vaghani, Li Wei, Umair Mushtaq, Dean F Sittig, Andrea Bradford, Hardeep Singh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Diagnostic errors are major contributors to preventable patient harm. We validated the use of an electronic health record (EHR)-based trigger (e-trigger) to measure missed opportunities in stroke diagnosis in emergency departments (EDs).

METHODS: Using two frameworks, the Safer Dx Trigger Tools Framework and the Symptom-disease Pair Analysis of Diagnostic Error Framework, we applied a symptom-disease pair-based e-trigger to identify patients hospitalized for stroke who, in the preceding 30 days, were discharged from the ED with benign headache or dizziness diagnoses. The algorithm was applied to Veteran Affairs National Corporate Data Warehouse on patients seen between 1/1/2016 and 12/31/2017. Trained …