Health Services Research Commons^™

Association Of Statin Use On Survival Outcomes Of Patients With Early-Stage Her2-Positive Breast Cancer In The Aphinity Trial, Christian Maurer, Elisa Agostinetto, Lieveke Ameye, Matteo Lambertini, Samuel Martel, Noam Ponde, Mariana Brandão, Francesca Poggio, Arlindo Ferreira, Rachel Schiff, Carmine De Angelis, Richard D Gelber, Susan Dent, Christoph Thomssen, Martine Piccart, Evandro De Azambuja

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: There is evidence that statins might improve the outcome of patients with breast cancer. The role of statins in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer is unknown. Therefore, we explored the association between statin use and survival outcomes in early HER2-positive breast cancer patients in the phase III APHINITY trial (adjuvant pertuzumab/trastuzumab).

Methods: All patients (intent-to-treat population, n = 4804) were included (6.2 years median follow-up database). The primary objective was to investigate the association of statin use on invasive disease-free survival (IDFS), distant relapse-free interval (DRFI), and overall survival (OS). Patients who received statins at baseline, or started …

High Prevalence Of Strongyloides Stercoralis In People Living With Hiv: A Critical Health Challenge In The Peruvian Amazon Basin, Silvia Otero-Rodriguez, Martin Casapia-Morales, Viviana Pinedo-Cancino, Seyer Mego-Campos, Victoria-Ysabel Villacorta-Pezo, Jorge Parráguez-De-La-Cruz, Eva H Clark, Esperanza Merino, Jose-Manuel Ramos-Rincon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Strongyloidiasis is an important but underdiagnosed soil-transmitted helminthiasis, particularly in tropical areas and some vulnerable groups.

Objectives: To assess the parasitological prevalence, seroprevalence and sociodemographic factors of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) in an endemic area.

Materials and methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of strongyloidiasis in 537 PLWH in two hospitals in Iquitos, Peru, from 20 Oct 2023 to 20 May 2024. We tested patient sera using Strongyloides IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and stool via the modified Baermann technique and/or charcoal fecal culture as highly sensitive parasitological techniques. We used multivariable …

Author Reply: Investment Case For Mental Health, Cyprian Mostert

Population Health, East Africa

No abstract provided.

Inadequate Healthcare For Women In The United States, Grace Loveless

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Barriers to adequate healthcare for women stem from a lack of research on their specific health needs, gender-based biases in healthcare, and harmful societal norms. One key aspect highlighting these disparities is the menstrual cycle—a topic unique to women. Menstrual health, defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, illustrates the urgent need for greater focus on reproductive health. Despite its significance, the dialogue and knowledge about reproductive health remain limited; an issue which is exacerbated by societal attitudes of secrecy and shame. These attitudes create barriers that hinder many women in the United States from accessing …

Self-Powered Rapid Antigen-Specific T-Cell Response Assay For Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infections, Bo Ning, Sutapa Chandra, Yongchun Pan, Riti Sharan, Ngan Ha, Sanjay Singh, Alexandra Portillo Varela, Lin Li, Qingli Wu, Alexander Kay, Gugu P Maphalala, Clement Adu-Gyamfi, Santiago Carrero Longlax, Anna M Mandalakas, Smriti Mehra, Christopher J Lyon, Edward A Graviss, Andrew R Dinardo, Tony Hu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) that evaluate an individual’s T-cell activation response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb)-specific peptides serve an important role in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB). However, there are substantial challenges to the use of IGRAs in resource-limited settings. Further, IGRA diagnostic performance can also be compromised in anergic individuals. Here we describe a microfluidic chip-based antigen-specific T-cell response assay (ASTRA) that automates the detection of M.tb-specific T-cell activation responses to facilitate screening for latent M.tb infection and TB. We observe that ASTRA demonstrates high specificity for M.tb infection in independent patient cohorts. Compared with IGRA, ASTRA shows greater …

Do Minorities Attend Culturally Competent Hospitals? The Case Of Minority-Serving And Safety-Net Hospitals, Rumel Mahmood

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Minorities disproportionately attend minority-serving hospitals (MSHs) and safety-net hospitals (SNHs). This study examines whether MSHs or SNHs are more culturally competent than their counterparts. No research to date has examined the cultural competency of MSHs and SNHs with hospitals outside of these categories. The literature on the determinants of hospital-level cultural competence is sparse, with limited measures used nationally and a robust measure used in a single U.S. state. I calculated a 100-point score of hospital cultural competence from a nationally representative survey of hospitals (N = 849 respondents). Using multilevel regression models, I found that MSHs are culturally …

Retrospective Study Of Elective Intracranial Tumor Surgery Waiting Time At A National Referral Hospital In Indonesia, Sayyid Abdil Hakam Perkasa, Habibah Nurul Rahmah, Abrar Arham

Jurnal ARSI : Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia

Elective surgery waiting times are a key measure of healthcare system performance and service quality. Long wait times can lower patients’ quality of life, worsen symptoms, reduce treatment effectiveness, and increase financial stress. We aimed to provide a descriptive analysis of elective surgery waiting time for Intracranial Tumors at Mahar Mardjono National Brain Center Hospital in 2023. This study is a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study using data from Electronic Health Records (EHR). The study sample included all elective intracranial tumor surgeries performed in 2023. A total of 371 elective intracranial tumor surgeries were analyzed. The median age of patients was …

Do Female Patients Experience Worse Outcomes Than Male Patients After Inguinal Hernia Repair? An Analysis Of The Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative Database, Amrita Iyer, Sunjay Kumar, Martina Rama, Sourav Podder, Li-Ching Huang, Sami Tannouri, Talar Tatarian, Francesco Palazzo

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common general surgery operations. Some evidence suggests that female patients are at greater risk of chronic postoperative pain and hernia recurrence. We investigated rates of chronic inguinal pain and recurrence after inguinal hernia repair in both male and female patients using the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative database.

METHODS: The Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative database was queried for patients undergoing elective, unilateral inguinal hernia repair who completed 30-day clinical follow-up and baseline and 1-year European Registry for Abdominal Wall Hernias Survey surveys. Both open and minimally invasive cases were included. …

Healthy Moms/Healthy Babies Of Mississippi Initial Provider Engagement And Student Feedback Loop Project, Corban Jackson Mph, Jillian Harper-Peavy Lmsw, Imh-E, Starica Harper, Vernesia Wilson Phd, Mph

Journal of Public Health in the Deep South

Background Between 2017 and 2022, 83% of maternal deaths in Mississippi were preventable. Unfortunately, there is a persistent shortage of OB-GYNs in Mississippi, feeding the rise of maternal care deserts and the lapse in collaboration between providers and state maternal health organizations. Purpose Healthy Moms/Healthy Babies of Mississippi, a care management program for high-risk mothers and infants, has partnered with the Mississippi Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health initiative (AIM) to improve maternal health outcomes through building healthcare networks with existing providers. Methods 33 medical students from the University of Mississippi Medical Center School of Medicine and William Carey University …

The Case For Compulsory Dna Testing At Birth To Confirm Paternity: Ethical, Legal, And Social Considerations, Michael Mncedisi Willie

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Compulsory paternity testing at birth has sparked significant legal, ethical, and social debate due to its potential impact on family dynamics, child well-being, and parental responsibility. This review explores the ethical, legal, and societal implications of such testing, using Bioecological Systems Theory and Rawls' Theory of Justice to frame the discussion. This review evaluates the benefits and challenges of mandatory DNA testing at birth, particularly in reducing paternity fraud, ensuring fairness in child support allocation, and enhancing socio-economic outcomes, especially in low-income households. This qualitative review draws on multidisciplinary literature from family law, genetic counseling, social policy, and fathers' rights …

Btp2 Restricts Tulane Virus And Human Norovirus Replication Independent Of Store-Operated Calcium Entry, Francesca J Scribano, J Thomas Gebert, Kristen A Engevik, Nicole M Hayes, Jorge Villanueva, Son Pham, Soni Kaundal, Janam J Dave, B V Venkataram Prasad, Mary K Estes, Sasirekha Ramani, Joseph M Hyser

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Human norovirus is the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis across all age groups. While there is a need for human norovirus antivirals, therapeutic development has been hindered by a lack of cell culture systems and animal models of infection. Surrogate viruses, such as Tulane virus (TV), have provided tractable systems to screen potential antiviral compounds. Our previous work demonstrated that TV encodes a viral ion channel, which dysregulates cytosolic calcium signaling. We set out to investigate whether host pathways triggered by viral ion channel activity, including store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), play a role in virus replication. Using pharmacologic inhibitors and …

How Do Montessori-Based Activities Affect Behaviors For Older People With Dementia: A Literature Review, Isabel Quigley

University Honors Theses

Objectives: This literature review is meant to analyze the development on the research on Montessori-based activities for adults with dementia.

Introduction: Baby Boomers are the largest generation to enter senior age (65+) in history due to the advancement in medicine to increase life expectancy. Dementia is a neurocognitive disease that affects parts of the brain related to memory and signs typically surface around 65 years old. Dementia is not considered healthy aging. Montessori-based activities have been recently developed as an intervention to encourage a feeling of accomplishment and success for adults with dementia.

Methods: Two electronic databases …

Community Perspectives On Cancer And Cancer Research: Findings From Listening Sessions With Diverse Groups In Philadelphia, Karen Glanz, Emma A. Soliva, Krista Scheffey, Yawei Song, Charnita Zeigler-Johnson, Evelyn T. González, Thierry Fortune, Nilsa Graciani, Amy E. Leader

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Listening sessions are useful for understanding community perspectives on cancer disparities. The Philadelphia Communities Conquering Cancer (PC3) coalition conducted listening sessions to identify community priorities for cancer prevention and control research among diverse communities in Philadelphia.

METHODS: Guided by a Stakeholder Advisory Committee, PC3 partnered with community-based organizations to conduct 8 listening sessions with diverse communities (including Black, Hispanic, Asian, Russian, LGBTQ + , and veterans) to learn about perceptions of cancer, research priorities, and training and communication preferences. Sessions were facilitated by community members or PC3 members in the primary language of participants. Sessions were audio recorded, transcribed, …

Regulation Of Myogenesis By Mechanomir-200c/Foxo3 Axis, Junaith S Mohamed, Aladin M Boriek

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cyclic mechanical stretch has been shown to inhibit myoblast differentiation while promoting proliferation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report that mechanical stretch inhibits the differentiation of mouse primary myoblasts by promoting the cell cycle program and by inhibiting the expression of the myogenic regulator MyoD. Stretch alters the miRNA expression profile as evidenced by miRNA microarray analysis. We identified miR-200c as one of the highly downregulated mechanosensitive miRNAs (mechanomiRs) whose expression level was increased during differentiation. This suggests that mechanomiRs-200c is a myogenic miRNA. Overexpression of mechanomiR-200c revoked the effect of stretch on myoblast …

Development Of Recommendations For The Future Of Telehealth Use Among Sexual And Gender Minorities (Sgm), Jeffrey A. Wilhite

Dissertations and Theses

It is now well-documented that sexual and gender minoritized individuals (SGMs) face consistent stigmatization from not just the health care system, but also from overarching community, federal, and societal entities. Subsections of the SGM community, like gay men for example, face higher rates of eating disorders, certain cancers, alcoholism, mental illness and even obesity, when compared to heterosexual counterparts. Many of these challenges could be exacerbated by current political administration efforts to silence the community. Ensuring access to clinical care is one way of preserving the health and livelihood of the community. Telehealth, or synchronous, remote based clinical care, can …

Career Impact Of The National Interprofessional Fellowship In Patient Safety: An Alumni Evaluation, Bradley V Watts, Kathleen Carluzzo, Blake F Webb, Kelley Arredondo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: There has been a proliferation of health professions training programmes focused on quality and patient safety, but little information regarding the outcomes of these programmes. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an interprofessional quality and patient safety curriculum on career outcomes of interprofessional healthcare learners for the Veterans Affairs Patient Safety Fellowship.

Method: We conducted a survey-based assessment of 117 alumni of the Interprofessional Fellowship in Patient Safety assessing their satisfaction with the training program and career impacts.

Results: 84 of 117 alumni were located and participated in the assessment. Fellows entered the training …

Impact Of Sociodemographic Determinants On Enrollment Into Contemporary Lymphoma Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review, Jun Yang Jiang, Ang Li, Alexis Romero, Christopher R Flowers, Chijioke Nze

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

While the incidence and survival associated with lymphoma have improved in recent years, outcome disparities related to sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and other social determinants of health (SDOH) remain prevalent in the modern era. Clinical trials are crucial for further improving outcomes, yet not all sociodemographic groups are equally represented in contemporary lymphoma trials. We conducted a systematic review of the literature evaluating the impact of SDOH on enrollment into clinical trials in the United States and identified 21 relevant studies. We confirmed that Black and Hispanic individuals are underrepresented in lymphoma clinical …

Phage-Induced Protection Against Lethal Bacterial Reinfection, Yikun Xing, Haroldo J Hernandez Santos, Ling Qiu, Samantha R Ritter, Jacob J Zulk, Rachel Lahowetz, Kathryn A Patras, Austen L Terwilliger, Anthony W Maresso

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that target and infect bacteria. Due to a worldwide rise in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), phages have been proposed as a promising alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of resistant bacterial infections. Up to this point in history, phage use in preclinical animal studies, clinical trials, and emergency-use compassionate care cases has centered around the original observation from 1915 showing phage as lytic agent, and thus a treatment that kills bacteria. Here, we describe an activity associated with phage therapy that extends beyond lytic activity that results in long-term protection against reinfection. This activity is potent, …

Adipocyte/Tumor Cell Crosstalk Via Igf-1/Txnip Axis Promotes Malignancy And Endocrine Resistance In Breast Cancer, Amanda Caruso, Felice Maria Accattatis, Cinzia Giordano, Luca Gelsomino, Piercarlo Del Console, Maria Francesca Fiorita, Balazs Gyorffy, Laura Bianchi, Alfonso Carleo, Rossana De Salvo, Bruno M Simões, Robert B Clarke, Lorenzo Memeo, Cristina Colarossi, Eleonora Aiello, Francesco Conforti, Suzanne A W Fuqua, Matilde Todaro, Giorgio Stassi, Catia Morelli, Diego Sisci, Daniela Bonofiglio, Stefania Catalano, Sebastiano Andò, Ines Barone

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Despite significant improvements in the outcome of Estrogen Receptor (ER) α-positive breast cancer (BC) following the use of endocrine therapies, resistance remains a major challenge. Clinical studies proved that obesity, in addition to promote BC progression, is associated with a reduced efficacy to these treatments, but mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: We used co-culture systems followed by validation through an ‘ex vivo’ model of human mammary obese (Ob) adipocytes and obese endocrine-resistant metastatic Patient-Derived Organoids (PDOs). Transcriptomics with MixOmics-MINT and MetaCore Functional Tools along with lentiviral and pharmacological approaches provide insights into mechanisms. Clinical relevance was investigated using public datasets, …

The Evolvement Of The 100 Most Cited Articles In Spine Surgery In The Last Decade Compared To All-Time, Mark Miller, Matthew Meade, Ruchir Nanavati, William T Diciurcio, Maneesha Palakurthi, Adam Kohring, Justin Le, Christopher Giuditta, Christopher Kepler, Barrett Woods

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: Decision-making in spine surgery is continuously shaped by advancements in the field through evidence-based medicine. This is demonstrated through the evolution of the quality and impact of scientific research within the field of spine surgery. To date, there is limited literature investigating interval changes in methodological rigor of scientific investigation within the field of spine surgery.

METHODS: The top 100 cited articles were recorded for manuscripts from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2023, and the top 100 most cited manuscripts of all time for spine surgery, via the Scopus abstract and citation database. Data collected included year of …

How Do Health Insurer Practices Affect Health Equity For Gay And Bisexual Men And Transmasculine Individuals? A Qualitative And Health Policy Assessment, Alexa D'Angelo

Dissertations and Theses

In the U.S. there continue to be stark disparities in health that affect LGBTQ+ communities. These disparities include those related to mental health, sexually transmitted infections, along with chronic illnesses and some cancers. Higher health needs across diagnostic categories mean that LGBTQ+ individuals require access to the healthcare system both to prevent conditions disproportionately affecting the community, and to treat conditions as they arise. In the U.S., access to healthcare often requires either reliable insurance coverage or another payer to cover costs associated with care. Thus, health insurance status and coverage of care, along with coverage regulations and health policies …

Aged Regulatory T Cells Fail To Control Autoimmune Lacrimal Gland Pathogenic Cd4+ T Cells, Kaitlin K Scholand, Laura Schaefer, Gowthaman Govindarajan, Zhiyuan Yu, Jeremias G Galletti, Cintia S De Paiva

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

CD25KO mice are a model of Sjögren disease. CD25KO mice have severe inflammation and infiltrating lymphocytes to the lacrimal glands (LG). Whether the pathogenicity of CD25KO CD4+ T cells can be controlled in vivo by Tregs is unknown. Eight-week-old B6 and CD25KO mice LGs were submitted for RNA bulk sequencing. A total of 3481 genes were differentially expressed in CD25KO LG compared to B6. Tear washing analysis identified CD25KO mice had elevated protein levels of TNF, IFN-γ, and CCL5 and decreased protein levels of IL-12p40 and VEGF-A. Co-adoptive transfer of CD25KO CD4+ T cells with either young or aged B6 …

Dietary Interventions To Support And Improve Sleep Disturbances And Insomnia Disorder In Menopause: From Bench To Bedside, Rosie H Musgrave, Sara Nowakowski, Tamlyn J Watermeyer, Emily J Arentson-Lantz, Greg J Elder

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Sleep is essential for maintaining physical and psychological health, and also cognitive health (referred to as 'brain health'). However, the transition to menopause has a direct impact upon sleep. Sleep disturbances are reported by approximately 40%-60% of menopausal women, and insomnia disorder is also prevalent. Diet-based interventions could potentially be used to improve subjective sleep quality in this population, and although there are several promising interventions which have been used in other groups that could be trialled, the evidence base is currently lacking. One particularly promising area for future research is that these interventions might be used alongside, or instead …

Performance Of Stool-Based Molecular Tests And Processing Methods For Paediatric Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Lucía Carratalà-Castro, Shilzia Munguambe, Belén Saavedra-Cervera, Petra De Haas, Alexander Kay, Olivier Marcy, Pamela Nabeta, Willy Ssengooba, Elisabetta Ghimenton-Walters, Sozinho Acácio, Maryline Bonnet, Joanna Ehrlich, Andrew R Dinardo, Anca Vasiliu, Christoph Lange, Sabine Hermans, Anna M Mandalakas, Elisa López-Varela, Alberto L García-Basteiro

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: There has been a global pursuit to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis in young children by applying diagnostic methods on accessible biospecimens such as stool. We aimed to conduct a systematic review on the accuracy of stool-based molecular tests for tuberculosis diagnosis in children and to assess the impact of the available pre-processing methods and other design characteristics.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated studies in children younger than 16 years with presumptive tuberculosis that were published in English, Spanish, French, and Portuguese from Jan 1, 2000, to May 3, 2024, in MEDLINE, Embase, and Embase …

Epidemiology Of Intestinal Parasite Infections And Multiparasitism And Their Impact On Growth And Hemoglobin Levels During Childhood In Tropical Ecuador: A Longitudinal Study Using Molecular Detection Methods, Rojelio Mejia, Irina Chis Ster, Martha E Chico, Irene Guadalupe, Andrea Arévalo-Cortés, Andrea Lopez, Aida Y Oviedo-Vera, Philip J Cooper

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: There are few longitudinal epidemiological studies of intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) and their health effects. We studied the epidemiology and determinants of IPI and multiparasitism during childhood using molecular methods for parasite detection and analysed their effects on growth and hemoglobin levels.

Methods: Random sample of 401 children from an Ecuadorian birth cohort followed up to 8 years of age. Data on environmental and sociodemographic characteristics were collected by questionnaires. Stool samples were collected, and weight, height, and hemoglobin levels were measured at 7 and 13 months, and 2, 3, 5, and 8 years. Stool samples were analysed using …

Corrigendum To "Effects Of Dialysate Potassium Concentration Of 30 Mmol/L With Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate On Dialysis-Free Days Versus Dialysate Potassium Concentration Of 20 Mmol/L Alone On Rates Of Cardiac Arrhythmias In Hemodialysis Patients With Hyperkalemia" Kidney International 2025;107:169-179, David M Charytan, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Christopher B Granger, John P Middleton, Charles A Herzog, Glenn M Chertow, James M Eudicone, Jeremy D Whitson, James A Tumlin, Adapt Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Protein Biomarkers Of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities In Relatives Of Patients With Pulmonary Fibrosis, Jonathan A Rose, Mark P Steele, Esteban J Kosak Lopez, Gisli Thor Axelsson, Andrea G Galecio Chao, Alan Waich, Katie Regan, Swati Gulati, Anthony H Maeda, Sharmin Sultana, Claire Cutting, Ann-Marcia C Tukpah, Andrew J Synn, Mary B Rice, Hilary J Goldberg, Joyce S Lee, David A Lynch, Rachel K Putman, Hiroto Hatabu, Benjamin A Raby, David A Schwartz, Ivan O Rosas, Gary M Hunninghake

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale: First-degree relatives of patients with pulmonary fibrosis (referred to here as relatives) are at high risk for interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA), highlighting the need for biomarkers for risk prediction. We aimed to identify blood proteins associated with and predictive of ILA among relatives of patients with pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods: Relatives enrolled in two independent cohorts had protein levels measured using an aptamer-based proteomic platform. ILA were assessed with computed tomography scans as per Fleischner Society recommendations. Protein associations with ILA were assessed using regression. Significant proteins were used with clinical variables to detect ILA.

Results: Of 237 relatives from …

Targeting S1pr2 In Sepsis, One Fragmented Mitochondrion At A Time, Chao He, Jennifer L Larson-Casey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Airway Immune Signatures In Severe And Fatal Infection With Covid-19, Naresh Doni Jayavelu, Jing Jing Qi, Slim Fourati, Farrah Kheradmand, Charles R Langelier, Lauren I R Ehrlich, Joann Diray-Arce, Annmarie Hoch, Monica Kraft, Patrice M Becker, Matthew C Altman, Ruth R Montgomery

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Parp Inhibitor Response Is Enhanced In Prostate Cancer When Xrcc1 Expression Is Reduced, Kaveri Goel, Vani Venkatappa, Kimiko L Krieger, Dongquan Chen, Arun Sreekumar, Natalie R Gassman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer worldwide and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men. The emergence of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) exemplifies the complex disease management for PCa. PARP inhibitors (PARPis) are being tested to treat mCRPC in tumors with defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) to address this complexity. However, increasing resistance towards PARPi in HRR-deficient patients and the low percentage of HRR-defective mCRPC patients requires the identification of new genes whose deficiency can be exploited for PARPi treatment. XRCC1 is a DNA repair protein critical in the …