Health Services Research Commons^™

What Is The Evidence? Updates In The Use Of Antenatal Corticosteroids For Patients At Risk Of Preterm Birth, Moti Gulersen, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Antenatal corticosteroids have long been considered one of the most important antenatal therapies available for pregnant patients at risk of preterm birth based on the associated reduction of neonatal morbidity and mortality following their administration. However, despite decades of research since their incorporation into routine clinical practice, a number of key questions related to antenatal corticosteroid use remain. These include evaluating the impact of antenatal corticosteroids at gestational ages outside of the previously recommended window of 24 0/7–33 6/7 weeks of gestation, determining factors associated with optimal steroid timing in order to reduce unnecessary exposure, alterations in its dosing regimen, …

Trends In Family Planning Uptake In Tanzania: An Analysis Of National Survey Data 2021-2022, Harun Yussuf Ayoub, Sabarinah Prasetyo

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

The purpose of this study is to uncover the socioeconomic and demographic factors that influence the usage of contraceptives by analysing trends and patterns in Tanzania's family planning uptake using data from national surveys. The results show that while Tanzania has made progress in increasing contraceptive prevalence from 27% in 2010 to 39% in 2021-22, disparities persist across socioeconomic and demographic lines. Women in urban areas, from higher wealth quintiles, and with higher educational attainment have significantly higher contraceptive prevalence rates compared to their counterparts. The study also reveals that the majority of women are aware of family planning methods, …

Gambaran Perilaku Merokok Siswa Smp Negeri, R Nasrullah Nur Nugroho

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Remaja mudah terjerumus pada perilaku berisiko, seperti merokok, karena mereka tidak tahu banyak, mudah dipengaruhi, dan ingin mencoba hal-hal baru. Pada tahun 2018, proporsi merokok pada remaja berusia 10–14 tahun adalah 2,1%, dan mereka rata-rata menghisap 6–7 batang setiap hari. Dengan menggunakan konsep penelitian cross-sectional dari 406 siswa laki-laki SMP negeri di kelurahan Kebayoran Lama Utara, penelitian ini memberikan gambaran tentang perilaku merokok siswa SMP negeri. Besar sampel yang digunakan adalah 117 orang yang menjawab. Dalam penelitian ini, teknik quota sampling digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang diisi langsung oleh responden. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa …

Faktor Kontributor Prevalensi Stunting: Studi Kasus Jawa Timur Tahun 2022, Sofiyulloh Sofiyulloh, Martya Rahmaniati

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Malnutrisi, termasuk stunting, masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang mempengaruhi kemajuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Stunting, akibat kekurangan gizi berkepanjangan dan infeksi berulang, menghambat pertumbuhan anak. Di Indonesia, prevalensi stunting pada tahun 2022 adalah 21,6% dan masih belum mencapai target. Dan Jawa timur, angka stunting di 2022 adalah 19,2%, mendekati angka nasional pun masih belum mencapai target. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap stunting di Jawa Timur, dengan fokus pada faktor soial ekonomi dan kesehatan. Data sekunder dari Kementerian Kesehatan, dan Dinas Kesehatan Jawa Timur dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) dan rata-rata lama sekolah memiliki …

Keunggulan Dan Tantangan Dalam Penggunaan Computer Vision Untuk Diagnosis Pneumonia Pediatri: A Systematic Review, Hafshah Farah Fadhilah, Rico Kurniawan

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Pneumonia pediatrik merupakan penyebab utama kematian anak-anak di bawah usia lima tahun. Teknologi computer vision menawarkan potensi besar untuk meningkatkan diagnosis pneumonia pediatrik dengan menganalisis gambar radiografi dada secara otomatis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic literature review dengan pendekatan PRISMA, meninjau artikel dari database IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, dan Scopus yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2024. Studi ini menemukan bahwa algoritma deep learning seperti Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) menunjukkan akurasi tinggi dalam diagnosis pneumonia pediatrik. Namun, tantangan seperti kebutuhan akan data berkualitas tinggi, interpretasi hasil AI, dan integrasi teknologi ini dengan sistem kesehatan yang ada masih perlu diatasi. Penggunaan …

Telemedicine Adoption In Developing Economies: A Systematic Review On The Enablers And Barriers, Zaidbren Macabato, Lemuel Clark Velasco, Art Brian Escabarte, Mae-Lanie Ong Poblete, Armando Isla Jr., Rentor Cafino, Sarah Lizette Aquino-Cafino, Frevy Teofilo-Orencia

Kesmas

Telemedicine’s adoption has been effective in certain contexts despite being controversial in certain settings because of its tendency to cause misdiagnosis and concerns about data privacy. This study aimed to synthesize the research findings on the factors leading to the adoption of telemedicine among developing economies. The study utilized Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis methodology to analyze 27 related literature and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology to map out the factors considered enablers and barriers in adopting telemedicine. Results showed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions were significant predictors. …

Host Dna Depletion On Frozen Human Respiratory Samples Enables Successful Metagenomic Sequencing For Microbiome Studies, Minsik Kim, Raymond C Parrish, Michael J Tisza, Viral S Shah, Thi Tran, Matthew Ross, Juwan Cormier, Aribah Baig, Ching-Ying Huang, Laura Brenner, Isabel Neuringer, Katrine Whiteson, J Kirk Harris, Amy D Willis, Peggy S Lai

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Most respiratory microbiome studies use amplicon sequencing due to high host DNA. Metagenomics sequencing offers finer taxonomic resolution, phage assessment, and functional characterization. We evaluated five host DNA depletion methods on frozen nasal swabs from healthy adults, sputum from people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from critically ill patients. Median sequencing depth was 76.4 million reads per sample. Untreated nasal, sputum, and BAL had 94.1%, 99.2%, and 99.7% host reads, respectively. Host depletion effects varied by sample type, generally increasing microbial reads, species and functional richness; this was mediated by higher effective sequencing depth. Rarefaction curves showed …

Gut Microbiota Profiling In Injection Drug Users With And Without Hiv-1 Infection In Puerto Rico, Nirosh Aluthge, Seidu Adams, Carmen A. Davila, Nova R. Gocchi Carrasco, Kathy S. Chiou, Roberto Abadie, Sydney J. Bennett, Kirk Dombrowski, Angel M. Major, Aníbal Valentín-Acevedo, John T. West, Charles Wood, Samodha C. Fernando

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The full extent of interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, injection drug use, and the human microbiome is unclear. In this study, we examined the microbiomes of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals, both drug-injecting and non-injecting, to identify bacterial community changes in response to HIV and drug use. We utilized a well-established cohort of people who inject drugs in Puerto Rico, a region with historically high levels of injection drug use and an HIV incidence rate disproportionately associated with drug use. METHODS: Using amplicon-based 16S rDNA sequencing, we identified amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) that demonstrated significant variations in the …

Nature Healing Mental Stress: What U.S. Healthcare Can Learn From Other Nations, Shannon Frank-Richter, Lindsay Gietzen

Pacific Journal of Health

The United States healthcare system lags many developed nations in healthcare access and practices, especially surrounding ecotherapy [1]. Ecotherapy is the practice of mindfulness in tandem with intentional immersion among natural spaces or with natural elements. Research from Asia, Europe and Canada indicate immense benefits from ecotherapy, or mindful nature immersion, as an effective treatment for burnout and stress. By adopting regular nature engagement, the U.S. could significantly improve mental health and reduce occupational stress. This literature review examines how nature immersion, especially with mindfulness, positively affects the brain and nervous system. Key components in nature are identified, such as …

Who Cares For The Caregiver? Exploring Extension’S Role In Informal Caregiving Support, Mckenzie R. Tuttle, Erin L. Martinez, Aimee Fox

Journal of Extension

Family caregivers provide invaluable service by taking on the responsibility of caring for older adults in the United States. With a growing aging population, the need for family caregivers and demands on their time and resources will continue to increase. Although a variety of caregiving resources and support services exist, family caregivers often lack the awareness, time, transportation, or financial resources to connect to services. There is a critical need to address the barriers that prevent caregivers from accessing services. In this commentary, we highlight barriers and make recommendations for improving conversations, research, and practice to meet this growing problem.

Lung Tissue Multilayer Network Analysis Uncovers The Molecular Heterogeneity Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Nuria Olvera, Jon Sánchez-Valle, Iker Núñez-Carpintero, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Guillaume Noell, Sandra Casas-Recasens, Alen Faiz, Philip Hansbro, Angela Guirao, Rosalba Lepore, Davide Cirillo, Alvar Agustí, Francesca Polverino, Alfonso Valencia, Rosa Faner

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition. Objectives: We hypothesized that the unbiased integration of different COPD lung omics using a novel multilayer approach might unravel mechanisms associated with clinical characteristics.

Methods: We profiled mRNA, microRNA and methylome in lung tissue samples from 135 former smokers with COPD. For each omic (layer), we built a patient network on the basis of molecular similarity. The three networks were used to build a multilayer network, and optimization of multiplex modularity was used to identify patient communities across the three distinct layers. Uncovered communities were related to clinical features.

Measurements …

A Case Study On The Impact Of An Adapted Community Jury In Shaping The Nutrition Standards For Hospital Menus In New South Wales Australia, Tara L. Dimopoulos-Bick, Melanie Schier, Kim Crawley, Kim Sutherland

Patient Experience Journal

Community juries are a form of deliberative democracy and can engage community groups in decision-making about healthcare and service delivery issues and priorities. They can provide insights and value-based perspectives from community groups and are particularly important in resolving perennial and complex system challenges. One such challenge is nutrition in hospitals–where there is a need to balance nutrition support, variety, taste and cost. The New South Wales (NSW) public health system in Australia operates more than 200 public hospitals. When revising the Nutrition Standards in 2021, stakeholders debated the upper limits of sodium (salt) and saturated fat in food products …

Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction With Zambia's National Health Insurance Scheme: A Systematic Literature Review Using Empirical Evidence From Nigeria And Ghana, Wesley Kapaya Mwambazi, Abubaker Qutieshat

Patient Experience Journal

Universal Health Coverage (UHC) has become important for African nations as they strive to provide equitable healthcare access to all citizens. Implementing a successful National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) is crucial to achieving this goal. In pursuit of achieving UHC, Zambia launched the NHIS in 2019 with the ambitious goal of reaching 100% coverage by 2021. Some of those enrolled had reported varying levels of satisfaction with the NHIS services. Understanding patient satisfaction with NHIS-provided services is therefore essential for improving its implementation and enhancing NHIS patient satisfaction. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review of empirical studies from Nigeria and …

Quality Of Outpatient Care In Lebanon: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Georges Choueiry, Anna Maria Henaine, Rayan Darwish, Pascale Salameh

Patient Experience Journal

Patient experience is an important driver of healthcare improvement. Yet, in Lebanon, there is a lack of studies focusing on the satisfaction of outpatients with healthcare quality. This study aims to assess the quality of outpatient care in Lebanon from the patient’s perspective and identify its determinants. A cross-sectional survey was administered, between December 2023 and January 2024, to 265 participants over 18 years old who consulted a healthcare provider, excluding dentists. We used linear regression to determine factors affecting consultation quality as perceived by the participants. Waiting time before consultations typically ranged from 5 to 15 minutes, the average …

An Exploratory Qualitative Study Of Perinatal Experiences In An Acute Setting During Early Phases Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Sharon Hoosein, Pamela Winchester, Stephanie Babinski, Naomi Smith, Payalben Bhavsar, Susan Law

Patient Experience Journal

The COVID-19 pandemic was highly disruptive for people delivering babies in-hospital and for obstetrical healthcare professionals. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of people with or without COVID-19 giving birth in a community-based hospital to provide patient insight to obstetrical care providers regarding the services/policies used during the pandemic. Nine interviews were conducted with participants within six months of giving birth in-hospital – four who tested positive for COVID-19 and five who tested negative. Seven themes were identified in the analysis: conflicting emotions; experiences of COVID-related protocols; altered experiences of pregnancy and birth; other aspects of …

Co-Developing A Paediatric Patient Reported Experience Measure: The Perspectives Of Children And Young People, Karlen R. Barr, Jessica Nikolovski, Les White, Sarah Elliott, Lynn Mccartney, Claire Treadgold, Barb Vernon, James R. John, Valsamma Eapen

Patient Experience Journal

NOTE: A minor correction was made to this article. It was revised on August 6, 2025.

Paediatric Patient Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) are tools that capture what children and young people (CYP) value in their healthcare and promote their involvement in clinical decision-making. A standardised paediatric PREM could improve quality of care for CYP across hospital settings, but CYP are rarely included in the development of PREMs. This study aimed to explore CYP's perspectives regarding their experiences of hospitals as the initial stage of developing the first self-reported paediatric PREM for use in Australia, including the perspectives of vulnerable populations. …

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Perceived Health Status Among Patients With Cardiovascular Disease, Marjan Zakeri, Lincy S Lal, Susan M Abughosh, Shubhada Sansgiry, E James Essien, Sujit S Sansgiry

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Understanding health outcomes among people with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is crucial for improving treatment strategies and patient quality of life. This study investigated racial and ethnic disparities in perceived health status among non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White adults with CVD.

Methods: The study had a retrospective cross-sectional design and used data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey spanning 8 calendar years (2014-2021). The study population consisted of adults diagnosed with various CVDs. We used ordinal logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, CVD severity, comorbidities, and health care expenditures to assess racial and ethnic differences in …

A Qualitative Evaluation Of Huntington’S Disease Perspectives On Social Media, Paige Conrad, Heather Sterchele, Ryan Wong, Sahar Sarrami Amini

HCA-NSU MD Research Day

A Qualitative Evaluation of Huntington’s Disease Perspectives on Social Media Paige Conrad OMS-III Nova Southeastern University Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Heather Sterchele OMS-III Nova Southeastern University Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ryan Wong OMS-III Nova Southeastern University Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sahar S Amini D.O. Objective: The objective of this study is to qualitatively examine the content of the most watched videos related to HD on the social media application Tik Tok and explore how social media is being utilized to discuss the disease. Background: Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder …

Short-Term Effects Of Opioids During Therapeutic Hypothermia For Neonatal Encephalopathy, Tina Jumani, Priya Mishra, Tonya Robinson, Jeffrey Shenberger, Jonathan Davis, Benjamin Sweigart, Rodica Turcu

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of opioids during therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on short-term outcomes in neonates with neonatal encephalopathy (NE).

METHODS: Multicenter retrospective study of neonates with moderate/severe NE from Jan. 2013-Feb 2021. Opioid exposure was classified as positive (>0.1 mg/kg) or negative (no exposure or ≤0.1 mg/kg) based on cumulative morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Negative binomial regression models were used to evaluate clinical outcomes.

RESULTS: One hundred and twenty neonates were included. Adjusted analyses indicated that opioid exposure was associated with an increase in (1) length of hospitalization, (2) hypotension/use of vasopressors, and (3) need for and longer …

A Contemporary Review Of Robotic Resection For Hepatocellular Carcinoma, William A. Preston, Nina R. Spitofsky, Adam S. Bodzin

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Background: Robotic hepatectomy represents an appealing treatment modality for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A contemporary review of robotic hepatectomy compared to laparo- scopic/open hepatectomy is necessary. Methods: We performed a literature review to identify studies between 2018–2024 comparing robotic to laparoscopic/open hepatectomy for HCC with measurable outcomes. Results: A total of 10 studies were identified, including 943 patients undergoing robotic hepatectomy compared to 1678 patients undergoing laparoscopic/open hepatectomy. Generally, while similar short/long-term survival was noted across all resection modalities, robotic hepatectomy was associated with longer operative time, shorter length of stay, and less post-operative compli- cations. An additional 4 studies …

Stroke Pada Lansia Di Indonesia: Gambaran Faktor Risiko Berdasarkan Gender (Ski 2023), Annisa Darmawati, Sabarinah Prasetyo, Miftahun Najah

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Stroke merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia dengan prevalensi 8,3 kasus per seribu penduduk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran faktor risiko stroke pada lansia berdasarkan gender, dengan fokus pada faktor yang dapat dimodifikasi seperti aktivitas fisik, pola makan, kebiasaan merokok, dan pemeriksaan tekanan darah rutin. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 yang dirancang potong lintang. Sampel studi ini adalah subjek berusia ≥60 tahun (lansia) yang melaporkan diri atau didiagnosis stroke. Hasilnya memperlihatkan subyek laki – laki (54,7%) dan perempuan (45,3%) pada sampel lansia penderita stroke. Lansia stroke yang termasuk kategori lansia muda pada laki – …

Effectiveness Of Mailed Outreach And Patient Navigation To Promote Hcc Screening Process Completion: A Multicentre Pragmatic Randomised Clinical Trial, Amit G Singal, Manasa Narasimman, Darine Daher, Sruthi Yekkaluri, Yan Liu, Minjae Lee, Vanessa Cerda, Aisha Khan, Karim Seif El Dahan, Jennifer Kramer, Purva Gopal, Caitlin Murphy, Ruben Hernaez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is plagued by failures across the cancer care continuum, leading to frequent late-stage diagnoses and high mortality. We evaluated the effectiveness of mailed outreach invitations plus patient navigation to promote HCC screening process completion in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods: Between April 2018 and September 2021, we conducted a multicentre pragmatic randomised clinical trial comparing mailed outreach plus patient navigation for HCC screening (n=1436) versus usual care with visit-based screening (n=1436) among patients with cirrhosis at three US health systems. Our primary outcome was screening process completion over a 36-month period, and our secondary outcome was the …

Evaluation Of A Trauma-Informed Care (Tic) Training Program Across Community Health Centers In Texas: A Qualitative Study, Jihye Choi, Efrat K Gabay, Aimee Rachel, Aniela Brown, Roxana Cruz, Qiheng Yan, Paula M Cuccaro

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: In April 2019, Texas Association of Community Health Centers launched the Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) program in community health centers across Texas. This initiative aimed to transform organizational culture for consistent delivery of TIC by providing training and coaching opportunities for Trainers and Champions in each health center. This study is an interim qualitative evaluation to gain participants' insights into their experiences of and perceptions about TIC training as part of the TIC initiative.

METHODS: We conducted semi-structured key informant interviews via Zoom with Trainers across four cohorts of participating health centers between February 2020 and April 2023. We used …

Validation Of An Artificial Intelligence-Based Prognostic Biomarker In Patients With Oligometastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer, Jarey H. Wang, Matthew P. Deek, Adrianna A. Mendes, Yang Song, Amol Shetty, Soha Bazyar, Kim Van Der Eecken, Emmalyn Chen, Timothy N. Showalter, Trevor J. Royce, Tamara Todorovic, Huei-Chung Huang, Scott A. Houck, Rikiya Yamashita, Ana P. Kiess, Daniel Y. Song, Tamara Lotan, Theodore Deweese, Luigi Marchionni, Lei Ren, Amit Sawant, Nicole L. Simone, Alejandro Berlin, Cem Onal, Andre Esteva, Felix Y. Feng, Phuoc T. Tran, Philip Sutera, Piet Ost

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: There is a need for clinically actionable prognostic and predictive tools to guide the management of oligometastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (omCSPC).

METHODS: This is a multicenter retrospective study to assess the prognostic and predictive performance of a multimodal artificial intelligence biomarker (MMAI; the ArteraAI Prostate Test) in men with omCSPC (n = 222). The cohort also included 51 patients from the STOMP and ORIOLE phase 2 clinical trials which randomized patients to observation versus metastasis-directed therapy (MDT). MMAI scores were computed from digitized histopathology slides and clinical variables. Overall survival (OS) and time to castration-resistant prostate cancer (TTCRPC) were …

Evaluation Of Sirtuin 1 As A Predictor Of Cardiovascular Outcomes In Diabetic Patients With Limb-Threatening Ischemia, Federico Biscetti, Maria Margherita Rando, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Enrica Rossini, Michele Santoro, Flavia Angelini, Roberto Iezzi, Luis H. Eraso, Paul J. Dimuzio, Dario Pitocco, Massimo Massetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Andrea Flex

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) significantly increases the risk of major adverse limb events (MALE) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) after lower extremity revascularization (LER). This study aims to identify novel biomarkers that help to further reduce the risk of postoperative cardiovascular complications. In this prospective, nonrandomized, observational study, baseline serum levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) were assessed in 147 diabetic patients scheduled for LER due to CLTI, and participants were followed for the occurrence of MALE and MACE over 12 months. Fifty-three patients experienced MALE, and 33 experienced MACE within the follow-up period. Lower baseline SIRT1 levels were significantly …

Test Smart, Treat Smart-Using Clinician Feedback To Adapt A Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Intervention For Spinal Cord Injury, Hilary Touchett, Kelley Arredondo, Casey Hines-Munson, Ivy Poon, Sally Ann Holmes, Barbara W Trautner, Felicia Skelton

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) prevention is a major target for hospital quality metrics because it is linked to increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Health care systems use strict protocols surrounding catheterization and maintenance, which often disregard the clinical needs of special populations (eg, spinal cord injury [SCI]). However, for populations that rely on chronic instrumentation of the bladder, asymptomatic (ie, nonpathogenic) bacterial colonization in the bladder is common but not linked to adverse outcomes. Additionally, alterations in neurologic and sensory function after SCI make it difficult for clinicians to discern asymptomatic bacteriuria from acute urinary tract …

Understanding The Impact Of Covid-19 On Yoga Instruction: Examining Teaching Methodology, Class Components, And Injury Patterns In The Northeastern Us, Sojung Kim, June Solow, Donald H Lein, Harshvardhan Singh

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the perspectives of yoga instructors (YIs) regarding teaching methodology, class components, and yoga-related injuries among their clients DESIGN: A cross-sectional design in this study.

SETTING: A total of 407 YIs from Northeastern United States completed a customized, web-based survey.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Chi-square tests were carried out to determine changes in yoga teaching format before and during the pandemic, as well as the counts of yoga related injuries between face-to-face (FtoF) and online teaching format. Independent t tests were used to compare the characteristics of yoga teaching elements.

RESULTS: …

Activation Of A Gpcr, Orl1 Receptor: A Novel Therapy To Prevent Heart Failure Progression, Saliha S Pathan, Aarthi Pugazenthi, Beverly R E A Dixon, Theodore G Wensel, Todd K Rosengart, Megumi Mathison

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The number of ischemic heart failure (HF) patients is growing dramatically worldwide. However, there are at present no preventive treatments for HF. Our previous study showed that Gata4 overexpression improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction in rat hearts. We also found that Gata4 overexpression significantly increased the expression of a Pnoc gene, an endogenous ligand for the cell membrane receptor ORL1. We hypothesized that the activation of the ORL1 receptor would suppress HF in a rat ischemic heart model. Adult Sprague Dawley rats (8 weeks old, six males and six females) underwent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Three weeks …

Kratom: A Narrative Review Of The Possible Clinical Uses And Dangers Of This Opioid-Like Plant, Amber N. Edinoff, Sarah E. Kaufman, Taylor C. Mahoney, William C. Upshaw, Jay Gong, Elyse M. Cornett, Kevin S. Murnane, Adam M. Kaye, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The term "kratom" refers to a plant species formally known as Mitragyna speciosa. Kratom is composed of over 40 alkaloids, a type of organic compound that contains nitrogen. These compounds work primarily via binding to opioid receptors expressed on neurons, where they stimulate signal transduction mechanisms involving the activation of G proteins. Kratom has been shown to cause both a stimulant-like effect and a sedative effect in humans. These studies have shown that use is highest among European-American, middle-class men living in suburban areas. Additionally, individuals who have a history of opioid misuse are also more likely to take kratom. …

Post-Artesunate Delayed Hemolysis In Pediatric Malaria Patients In The United States, Sesh A Sundararaman, Karen L Hanze Villavicencio, Brianne Roper, Ziyi Wang, Amy K F Davis, Jonathan A Mayhew, Michelle L Wang, Nina L Tang, Vijaya L Soma, Gail F Shust, Margaret E Feeney, Indi Trehan, Jill E Weatherhead, Chandy C John, Jeffrey S Gerber, Audrey R Odom John

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Post-artesunate delayed hemolysis (PADH) occurred in 6 of 24 children treated with artesunate for severe malaria in the United States; however, severe hemolysis requiring hospitalization or transfusion was rare. In children in the United States treated with artesunate, counseling, and symptom monitoring may be preferred to weekly laboratory surveillance for PADH.