Health Services Research Commons^™

Determinant Factors Of Unmet Need In Family Plannung (Fp): A Systematic Review, Titin Ifayanti

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Unmet Needs in family planning (FP) remain a concern in many countries worldwide and can, therefore, adversely affect women, families, and society. Around 12 percent of women worldwide have an unmet need. Such effects include widespread disease, increased maternal mortality, and psychological disorders among women. This study aimed to elucidate the factors associated with the unmet need for family planning. The research approach used was a systematic review, literature was identified through Google Scholar, PubMed, and (NLM): National Library of Medicine. A systematic review and literature analysis of 9 articles was carried out, which utilized secondary data and cross-sectional study …

Strategy For Improving Smoking Cessation Services In Primary Health Care, Evita Rosdiana Hutapea, Risky Kusuma Hartono

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Amidst the rising numbers of smokers in Indonesia and the increasing burden of smoking-related diseases on the country, the Smoking Cessation Services (SCS) still fail to operate optimally. The aim of this research is to develop a more effective strategy for the SCS model based on the challenges encountered during its implementation. The research method employed qualitative study with a case study approach. The research location was in Depok City, chosen as a national exemplary of SCS. Research period from February to May 2024. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews and observations at Community Health Centers who involved in …

Potential Of Right Ventricular Function Assessment With Echocardiography In Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, Yoshihisa Morita, Taro Kariya, Michael Dougherty, Andrew Peters, Nicholas Ruggiero

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) function assessment by echocardiography can be challenging due to its complex morphology. Also, increasing use of sedation rather than general anesthesia for transfemoral approach transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) reduces the need for intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the importance of 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography and a longitudinal strain for RV function assessment. In this study, we compared RV function echocardiographic assessment methodologies in TAVR and investigated its clinical utility.

METHODS: This was a prospective, observational study of TAVR at a large academic hospital. Inclusion criteria were adult patients undergoing TAVR requiring intraoperative …

The Role Of Social Health Insurance In Achieving Universal Health Coverage In Asia: A Systematic Review, Afaf Jauhar, Mardiati Nadjib

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Universal Health Coverage (UHC) aims to ensure that all individuals have access to essential health services without financial hardship. Social Health Insurance (SHI) is critical in achieving this goal, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This systematic review explores the role of SHI systems in advancing UHC across 14 Asian countries, focusing on healthcare access, financial protection, and equity. A comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect identified 768 articles, and 37 studies were selected after screening, following the PRISMA guidelines. The chosen studies cover countries with varying SHI models across Asia. The findings reveal that high-income countries such as …

The Percentage Of Sacroiliac Fusions Done In The U.S. By Non-Surgical Specialties Has Increased, Mathew Cyriac, Bela P. Delvadia, Julianna E. Winter, Jacob S. Budin, Olivia C. Lee, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Surgical fusion of the sacroiliac (SI) joint is often performed to manage chronic lower back or buttock pain. When Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were introduced, SI joint fusion procedures were done primarily by orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons. The purpose of this study was to examine the utilization of SI joint fusion CPT codes by physician specialty over time. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the PearlDiver database. The database was queried using CPT codes to identify patients who underwent SI joint fusion via percutaneous, open, or trauma codes. Specialties queried included surgical specialties (orthopaedic surgery and …

Bio-Preparedness In A Global Context: Multi-Site International Study Investigating Global Health Security Challenges In Egypt, Oman, And The United States, Rima M. Al Balushi

Theses & Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed myriad vulnerabilities globally within public health systems, from inadequate bio-risk management in laboratories to overwhelming utilization of hospital resources and disparities in vaccine access and uptake. The Global Health Security Index (GHSI), which critically evaluates health security domains including health systems and risk environments, reports serious weaknesses in global health security. This dissertation aims to investigate critical aspects of global health security domains by examining factors impacting biosafety and biosecurity capacities in laboratories in Egypt, healthcare resource utilization in hospitals in Oman relating to acute respiratory infections (ARI), and COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the United States. …

Deceased Donor Renal Allograft Utility In Adult Single And Multi-Organ Transplantation In The United States, Peter J. Altshuler, Adam S. Bodzin, Kenneth A. Andreoni, Pooja Singh, Anju Yadav, Jaime M. Glorioso, Ashesh P. Shah, Carlo B. Ramirez, Warren R. Maley, Adam M. Frank

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Deceased donor multiorgan transplants utilizing kidneys (MOTs) can improve outcomes for multiorgan recipients but reduces kidneys for chronic renal failure patients.

METHODS: We reviewed the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network database from 2015 through 2019, for adult deceased donor kidney transplants. Recipients were classified as kidney transplant alone (KTA) (n = 62,252) or MOTs pancreas-kidney, simultaneous pancreas-kidney (n = 3,976), liver-kidney, simultaneous liver-kidney (n = 3,212), heart-kidney, simultaneous heart-kidney (n = 808), and "other"-kidney, simultaneous "other" kidney (n = 73).

RESULTS: Liver, heart, and lung-alone transplants were at least 7 times more frequent than their MOT correlate, whereas the …

Utility Of Colposcopy For The Screening And Management Of Cervical Cancer In Africa: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Providers’ Training And Practices, Joël Fokom Domgue, Issimouha Dille, Freddy Gnangnon, Sharon Kapambwe, Celine Bouchard, Nomonde Mbatani, Elodie Gauroy, Nathalie Ledaga Ambounda, Robert Yu, Fatoumata Sidibe, Joseph Kamgno, Bangaly Traore, Pierre-Marie Tebeu, Gregory Halle-Ekane, Mohenou Isidore Diomande, Jean-Marie Dangou, Fabrice Lecuru, Isaac Adewole, Marie Plante, Partha Basu, Sanjay Shete

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a public health issue in Africa with devastating socioeconomic consequences due to the lack of organized screening programs. The success of screening programs depends on the appropriate investigation and management of women who test positive for screening. Colposcopic assessment following positive screening results is a noteworthy issue in Africa. This study aimed to assess the utilization of colposcopy by providers in the region.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021-2022 among healthcare providers involved in cervical cancer prevention activities in Africa. They were invited to report prior colposcopy training, whether they performed colposcopy and the …

Large-Scale Crispr/Cas9 Deletions Within The Wfdc Gene Cluster Uncover Gene Functionality And Critical Roles In Mammalian Reproduction, Katarzyna Kent, Kaori Nozawa, Rachel Parkes, Laura Dean, Frey Daniel, Mei Leng, Antrix Jain, Anna Malovannaya, Martin M Matzuk, Thomas X Garcia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Despite 96 million years of evolution separating humans and rodents, 11 closely related reproductive tract-specific genes in humans—SPINT3, WFDC6, EPPIN, WFDC8, WFDC9, WFDC10A, WFDC11, WFDC10B, WFDC13, SPINT4, and WFDC3—and the 13 reproductive tract-specific orthologous genes in mice, form highly conserved syntenic gene clusters indicative of conserved, combined critical functions. Further, despite significant progress toward a nonhormonal male contraceptive targeting the protein encoded by one of these genes, epididymal peptidase inhibitor (EPPIN), and associations found between mutations in EPPIN and an increased risk of male infertility, neither EPPIN nor …

After-Hours, Severity, And Distance Are Associated With Non-Vha Emergency Department Use For Older Veterans: Insights From A Regional Health Information Exchange, Elina Kurkurina, Kimberly M. Judon, Ula Hwang, Kenneth S. Boockvar, Juan Wisnivesky, Matthew R. Augustine

Journal of Geriatric Emergency Medicine

Background: Older adults treated in emergency departments (EDs) are at higher risk for adverse outcomes. Using multiple facilities can worsen this issue through service duplication and poor care transitions. Veterans with dual insurance coverage can access both Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and non-VHA EDs. This study aimed to identify factors associated with non-VHA ED use among veterans.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients aged ≥ 65 who had primary care at the James J Peters VA Medical Center and at least one VHA or non-VHA ED visit between October 2017 and February 2020. Data were collected from …

Determinants Of Pediatric Tuberculosis In Dki Jakarta During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Chandrayani Simanjorang, Rana Zahra Raniyah Wangsawinangun, Ulya Qoulan Karima, Fajaria Nurcandra

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric tuberculosis (TB), which can pose a public health burden if not properly treated. This study aims to find out the risk factors for pediatric TB. The design of this study was cross-sectional, using TB surveillance data extracted from maintenance cards of individuals who underwent TB screening in 2020–2022 at health facilities in DKI Jakarta. The independent variables in this study are age, gender, contact history, BCG immunization, and nutritional status. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with childhood TB after bivariate analysis using chi-square to determine …

Improving Health Equity: Integrating Mental Health Services Into Mobile Health Clinics For Unhoused And Low-Income Populations In The United States, Tiffany Lynn Wong

Master's Projects and Capstones

Mental health disparities among homeless and low-income populations in the United States highlight significant challenges in access and quality of care. This literature review explores the integration of mental health services into Mobile Health Clinics (MHCs) as a promising recommendation to address these disparities. I used various search engines, extracting 10 articles published from 2013 to 2023 focused on the U.S. MHCs show its effectiveness in improving healthcare access and quality of care, covering different services like mammography, reproductive health, COVID-19 testing, and diabetes care. Building on these successful models, this paper proposes extending MHCs to include mental health screenings, …

Assessing The Reach Of Health Access Resources In Indianapolis For Populations With Low Income, Kyler A. Casbon, Kai J. Gatting, Simran Nadig, Isabella K. Peckinpaugh, Alexandre A. Sauquet, Kourtney A. D. Byrd, Megan E. Conklin, Gicella Garcia, Mitchell L. Struewing, Omolola A. Adeoye-Olatunde

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Two public health crises that the United States are contending with are diabetes and the prevalence of opioid overdoses, both of which have a significant impact on communities nationwide. Inequities in social conditions contribute to health disparities amidst these diabetes and opioid overdose public health crises nationally and locally. To address these health inequities in Indianapolis, Indiana, the the Purdue University Center for Health Excellence, Quality and Innovation (CHEQI) shaped relationships through their CHAMP (Community Health Access Model Partnerships) services with local food pantries and homeless shelters, providing Indianapolis residents pre-diabetes screening and resources and convenient access to and education …

Impact Of Prior Inotuzumab Ozogamicin Treatment On Brexucabtagene Autoleucel Outcomes In Adults With B-Cell All, Ibrahim Aldoss, Gregory W Roloff, Rawan Faramand, Noam E Kopmar, Chenyu Lin, Anjali S Advani, Simone E Dekker, Vishal K Gupta, Timothy E O'Connor, Nikeshan Jeyakumar, Ibrahim N Muhsen, Yannis Valtis, Amy Zhang, Katharine Miller, Katherine Sutherland, Kaitlyn C Dykes, Mohamed Ahmed, Evan Chen, Hector Zambrano, Danielle Bradshaw, Santiago Mercadal, Marc Schwartz, Sean Tracy, Bhagirathbhai Dholaria, Michal Kubiak, Akash Mukherjee, Navneet Majhail, Minoo Battiwalla, Luke Mountjoy, Shahbaz A Malik, John Mathews, Paul Shaughnessy, Aaron C Logan, Abdullah Ladha, Maryann Stefan, Caitlin Guzowski, Rasmus T Hoeg, Talal Hilal, Jozal Moore, Matthew Connor, Kristen M O'Dwyer, Laquisa C Hill, Stephanie B Tsai, Joshua Sasine, Melhem M Solh, Catherine J Lee, Vamsi K Kota, Divya Koura, Muthu Veeraputhiran, Betsy Blunk, Caspian Oliai, Jessica T Leonard, Noelle V Frey, Jae H Park, Marlise R Luskin, Veronika Bachanova, Ahmed Galal, Michael R Bishop, Wendy Stock, Ryan D Cassaday, Vinod Pullarkat, Bijal D Shah, Lori S Muffly

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The effect of prior inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) treatment on brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel) outcomes remains unclear in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We conducted a retrospective multicenter analysis of 189 patients with relapsed/refractory ALL treated with brexu-cel. Over half of the patients received InO before brexu-cel (InO exposed). InO-exposed patients were more heavily pretreated (P = .02) and frequently had active marrow disease before apheresis (P = .03). Response rate and toxicity profile after brexu-cel were comparable for InO-exposed and InO-naïve patients; however, consolidation therapy after brexu-cel response was used at a higher rate in InO-naïve patients (P = .005). …

Multidisciplinary Travel Health Education: Current Status And Rationale For Standardized Competencies, Karl M Hess, Sheila M Seed, Eva H Clark, Tara Lombardo, Francesca F Norman, Gerard Flaherty

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This perspective highlights the inconsistent integration of travel health education across medical, nursing and pharmacy educational programmes globally and calls for standardized travel health competencies based on the International Society of Travel Medicine’s (ISTM) Body of Knowledge to help improve patient care outcomes as global travel returns to pre-pandemic levels.

Factors Associated With Receipt Of Tobacco Treatment Integrated With Nurse Navigation In A Centralized Lung Cancer Screening Program At An Urban Academic Medical Center, Christine S. Shusted, Sarah Mukhtar, James Lee, Brooke Ruane, Emily Muse, Lawrence Emeigh-Mcbride, Eboni Gatson-Anderson, Gregory C. Kane, Kuang-Yi Wen, Hee-Soon Juon, Julie A. Barta

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Optimal approaches for tobacco treatment counseling among individuals who currently smoke and are undergoing shared decision-making (SDM) and lung cancer screening (LCS) are unknown. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the rate of reported interest in tobacco treatment counseling and pharmacotherapy among individuals who currently smoke and are receiving integrated nurse navigation for LCS and tobacco treatment in a centralized LCS Program.

METHODS: We identified individuals undergoing SDM through our centralized LCS Program between March 2021 and March 2022. The LCS Program tobacco treatment protocol includes counseling both in-person and via telephone during SDM, LCS results …

Understanding Provider Competency In Gender Affirming Care, Vanessa Castle, Lindsay Gietzen

Pacific Journal of Health

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, and asexual plus (LGBTQ+) individuals, especially transgender patients, face many healthcare disparities. It is extremely important for them to have access to high-quality healthcare, particularly Gender Affirming Care (GAC), to support their well-being and mental health. However, many healthcare providers, including clinical social workers, NPs, PAs, and MDs lack proper training to offer GAC. The current training opportunities available are often basic and lack comprehensive, detailed information. To reduce healthcare barriers for the transgender and gender-diverse community, we must have comprehensive training on GAC available for providers so they can treat their patients with …

Reflections From The Pandemic: Is Connectivism The Panacea For Clinicians?, Jennifer Benjamin, Tyson Pillow, Heather Macneill, Ken Masters, Anoop Agrawal, Neil Mehta

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic and the recent increased interest in generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) highlight the need for interprofessional communities' collaboration to find solutions to complex problems. A personal narrative experience of one of the authors compels us to reflect on current approaches to learning and knowledge acquisition and use solutions to the challenges posed by GenAI through social learning contexts using connectivism. We recognize the need for constructivism and experiential learning for knowledge acquisition to establish foundational understanding. We explore how connectivist approaches can enhance traditional constructivist paradigms amid rapidly changing learning environments and online communities. Learning in connectivism includes …

Service Provider Perceptions Of Systems Serving Individuals Experiencing Homelessness: A Needs Assessment And Strategic Plan In Johnson City, Tn, Opal Frye-Clark

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This Integrated Learning Experience (ILE) investigates service providers' perceptions of Johnson City, Tennessee's homelessness services, aiming to inform a city-wide strategic plan for reduction. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study gathered qualitative data through in-depth interviews with service providers in 2022 and quantitative data via a 2024 survey. The research focused on those directly involved in serving or significantly influencing the lives of individuals experiencing homelessness (IEH). Three key aims guided the investigation: (1) To analyze provider perspectives to identify community assets, opportunities, barriers, and unmet needs, informing a comprehensive needs assessment; (2) To refine these findings through SWOT analysis …

Comprehensive Community Medicine, Alexander Walther

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Comprehensive Community Medicine (CCM) is a theoretical framework designed to address the complex needs of individuals with dual diagnoses of mental illness and substance use disorders (SUDs). Dual diagnosis is highly prevalent, particularly among populations experiencing homelessness, and is associated with poorer health outcomes and increased healthcare service utilization. Structural inequities, including a fractured healthcare system, exacerbate the challenges faced by this vulnerable group. Research indicates that effective care for dually diagnosed individuals requires a layered approach addressing clinical, systemic, legal, and housing barriers.

The development of CCM has been informed by interviews with local stakeholders, including County EMS board …

Personal Protective Equipment For Minoritized U.S. Agricultural Farmworkers: Community-Based Efforts During The Pandemic & Implications For Extension, Helen Trejo

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

There are an estimated 2 million farmworkers who are essential to the food system in the United States; however, they are exposed to hazardous environmental conditions with limited access and/or use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). The primary purpose of this research is to evaluate community-based organizational efforts to provide farmworkers with apparel-textile basic needs, such as face masks. A primary goal is to address the research gap regarding common environmental factors that impact farmworkers, including pesticides and the pandemic, their use of available PPE, and community-based efforts to improve access to face masks as basic PPE. We consider the …

Public Health Implications Of State-Level Public Health Organizational And System Structures, Cameron Ferguson Hays

Dissertations

Public health thought leaders such as the Institute of Medicine and National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine have long been concerned about the lack of standardization among state-level public health systems (IOM, 1988; NASEM, 2023). However, little research studies these systems, their structures, and whether structural constructs affect population health outcomes.

This study attempted to examine the structural constructs that make up these systems and the impact of those constructs using an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design. Variables from management science were qualitatively extracted from materials describing all 50 state-level public health systems. Those variables were then analyzed using a …

Infant-Derived Human Nasal Organoids Exhibit Relatively Increased Susceptibility, Epithelial Responses, And Cytotoxicity During Rsv Infection, Gina M Aloisio, Divya Nagaraj, Ashley M Murray, Emily M Schultz, Trevor Mcbride, Letisha Aideyan, Erin G Nicholson, David Henke, Laura Ferlic-Stark, Anubama Rajan, Amal Kambal, Hannah L Johnson, Elina Mosa, Fabio Stossi, Sarah E Blutt, Pedro A Piedra, Vasanthi Avadhanula

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially in young children. Why RSV infection in children is more severe compared to healthy adults is not fully understood.

Methods: We used ex-vivo human nasal organoid platforms from infants and adults to investigate the underlying mechanism of this disease disparity at the initial site of RSV replication, the nasal epithelium.

Results: Infant-derived human nasal organoid-air liquid interface (HNO-ALIs) lines were more susceptible to early RSV replication. Moreover, infant-derived HNO-ALIs elicited a statistically significant greater overall cytokine response, enhanced mucous production, and greater cellular damage compared to their adult counterparts. …

Veterans' Experiences Of And Preferences For Patient-Centered, Measurement-Based Ptsd Care, Marcela C Weber, Ashlyn M Jendro, Ellen P Fischer, Karen L Drummond, Trenton M Haltom, Natalie E Hundt, Michael A Cucciare, Jeffrey M Pyne

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Up to 50% of veterans drop out of trauma-focused evidence-based psychotherapies (TF-EBP) without completing treatment or recovering; evidence suggests this is in part because their posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) care is insufficiently patient-centered. There is also evidence that measurement-based care (MBC) for mental health should be personalized to the patient, yet this is not common practice in VA PTSD care.

Objectives: To explore veterans' experiences and preferences for aligning measurement-based PTSD care with their own treatment goals.

Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with veterans (n=15) with PTSD who had received at least 2 sessions of a TF-EBP.

Measures: Survey …

Percutaneous Mechanical Aspiration For Infective Endocarditis: Proceedings From An Inaugural Multidisciplinary Summit And Comprehensive Review, Lucas X Marinacci, Sanjum S Sethi, Molly L Paras, Abdallah El Sabbagh, Eric A Secemsky, M Rizwan Sohail, Christoph Starck, Benjamin Bearnot, Evin Yucel, Raymond H M Schaerf, Yasir Akhtar, Ahmad Younes, Marquand Patton, Pedro Villablanca, Seenu Reddy, Daniel Enter, John M Moriarty, William Brent Keeling, Stephanie El Hajj Younes, Charles Kiell, Kenneth Rosenfield

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The clinical presentation and epidemiology of infective endocarditis (IE) have evolved over time. While the cornerstones of IE treatment remain antimicrobial therapy and surgery, percutaneous mechanical aspiration (PMA) has emerged as an option for carefully selected patients as a complementary modality, based on retrospective data, case series, and expert experience. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the proceedings from an inaugural summit dedicated to the discussion of PMA in the global management of IE, consisting of experts across multiple disciplines from diverse geographic regions and care environments. After conceptualizing the 3 major roles of PMA as a bridge to decision, …

Exploring Fibroblast Interactions On Nanocrystalline Surfaces In Physiological Environments Through A Phenomenological Lens, R D K Misra, Aladin M Boriek

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The cytological behaviour and functional dynamics (adhesion, spreading, synthesis of proteins) of fibroblasts when interacting with biomedical surfaces are intricately influenced by the inherent nature of surface (nanocrystalline or microcrystalline), where the nanocrystalline (NC) surface is preferred in relation to the microcrystalline (MC) surface. This preference is a direct consequence of the distinct differences in physical and chemical characteristics between NC and MC surfaces, which include crystal boundary bio-physical attributes, electron work function, surface energy, and charge carrier density. The observed variances in cytological behaviour at the interfaces of NC and MC bio-surfaces can be attributed to these fundamental differences, …

Chemogenetic Neuronal Silencing Decouples C-Jun Activation From Cell Death In The Temporal Cortex, Caleb A Wood, Preethi Somasundaram, Jacob M Dundee, Melissa A Rudy, Trent A Watkins, Joanna L Jankowsky

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Initial symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases are often defined by the loss of the most vulnerable neural populations specific to each disorder. In the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, vulnerable circuits in the temporal lobe exhibit diminished activity prior to overt degeneration. It remains unclear whether these functional changes contribute to regional vulnerability or are simply a consequence of pathology. We previously found that entorhinal neurons in the temporal cortex undergo cell death following transient suppression of electrical activity, suggesting a causal role for activity disruption in neurodegeneration. Here we demonstrate that electrical arrest of this circuit stimulates the injury-response transcription …

Bst2 Facilitates Activation Of Hematopoietic Stem Cells Through Erk Signaling, Marcus A Florez, Apoorva Thatavarty, Duy T Le, Holly A Hill, Youngjae Jeong, Brian M Ho, Pawel Kus, Trisha K Wathan, Bailee N Kain, Shixia Huang, Dongsu Park, Katherine Y King

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFNγ) is upregulated in a variety of infections and contributes to bone marrow failure through hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) activation and subsequent exhaustion. The cell surface protein, bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST2), is a key mediator of this process, as it is induced upon interferon stimulation and required for interferon-dependent HSC activation. To identify the mechanism by which BST2 promotes interferon-dependent HSC activation, we evaluated its role in niche localization, immune cell function, lipid raft formation, and intracellular signaling. Our studies indicated that knock out (KO) of BST2 in a murine model does not disrupt …

Patient, Provider, And Health System Characteristics Leading To The Delivery Of Low Value Health Care Services And Outcomes Of An Intervention For Mitigating Low Value Care., Philip Ray Rohrer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The United States spends more on health care than any other country, and Medicare accounted for nearly one-quarter of total personal health care spending in 2019. Waste within the health care system in the United States is estimated to represent approximately 25% of total U.S. health care expenditures. Low value care includes health care services that provide little or no benefit to patients, have potential to cause harm, incur unnecessary costs to patients, or waste limited healthcare resources. Low value care is estimated to represent roughly 10% of total health care waste, or between $75.7 billion and $101.2 billion dollars …

Understanding Carceral Pathways And Outcomes Of Marginalized Adults Who Use Drugs., Carmen Renee Mitchell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is an examination of outcomes among substance users at various stages of the incarceration process divided among five chapters. Chapter One provides an overview of substance use disorder (SUD), incarceration, and wider justice system-involvement, and explores how the political economy of health theoretical framework can be applied to examine how the criminal justice system creates and perpetuates inequality among marginalized people who use substances. Chapter Two examines post-release health outcomes among the population of incarcerated people who use substances using a scoping review and finds that people in reentry with SUD have poorer overall outcomes that without transitional …