Psychiatry and Psychology Commons^™

Dance Therapy, Darcy Gene Feuerbach

Graduate Research Papers

"The arts, often a source of joy and expression, have helped us to say what we could not say in words" says Fran Levy, who is a psychotherapist and creative arts therapist. Whether it is music or drama, art or dance, all of the arts can have implications for the counseling process. This project focuses specifically on Dance Movement Therapy. Dance/movement therapy has been developing ever since the early 1900s and it is based on the notion that mind and body are inseparable. (Levy 1)

Multi-Uav Supervisory Control Interface Technology, Michael Patzek Ph.D., Doug Zimmer, Gregory Feitshans, Mark Draper Ph.D., Tom Huges, John Flach

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

The Air Force Research Laboratory’s Supervisory Control Interfaces Branch (711HPW/RHCI) is conducting an advanced technology development program, entitled Multi-UAV Supervisory Control Interface Technology (MUSCIT). This program is focused on human systems integration; developing and integrating controls, displays, and decision support aids that enable a single operator control station to control multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the performance of dynamic intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) tasks as well as close air support (CAS) missions. This 5-year program, which began in 2007, employs a spiral development approach that consists of repeated analysis, design, development, virtual simulations, and flight tests to evaluate, …

Promoting, Prescribing, And Pushing Pills: Understanding The Lessons Of Antipsychotic Drug Litigation, Douglas Mossman Md, Jill L. Steinberg

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

Ineffectiveness of prescription drugs, hidden drug hazards, and advertising violations have led to several drug recalls and numerous lawsuits against pharmaceutical companies in recent years. These suits have involved several varieties of medications, but psychoactive medications have figured especially prominently. A recent $1.4 billion settlement by Eli Lilly & Company related to improper promotion of its top-selling drug olanzapine included the largest individual corporate criminal fine in U.S. history.

Improper promotion is far from the sole reason why olanzapine and other “second-generation” antipsychotic (SGA) drugs have become so successful. Rather, the widespread adoption of SGAs represents a collective judgment error …

New Genomic Structure For Prostate Cancer Specific Gene Pca3 Within Bmcc1: Implications For Prostate Cancer Detection And Progression, Raymond A. Clarke, Zhongming Zhao, An-Yuan Guo, Kathrein Roper, Linda Teng, Zhi-Ming Fang, Hema Samaratunga, Martin F. Lavin, Robert A. Gardiner

Psychiatry Publications

Background

The prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3/DD3) gene is a highly specific biomarker upregulated in prostate cancer (PCa). In order to understand the importance of PCA3 in PCa we investigated the organization and evolution of the PCA3 gene locus.

Methods/Principal Findings

We have employed cDNA synthesis, RTPCR and DNA sequencing to identify 4 new transcription start sites, 4 polyadenylation sites and 2 new differentially spliced exons in an extended form of PCA3. Primers designed from these novel PCA3 exons greatly improve RT-PCR based discrimination between PCa, PCa metastases and BPH specimens. Comparative genomic analyses demonstrated that PCA3 has …

Olanzapine Vs. Conventional And Other Atypical Antipsychotics In Response And Side Effects For The Treatment Of Schizophrenia, Jade A. Knutson

Graduate Research Papers

The efficacy and side effects of olanzapine (an atypical antipsychotic) for the treatment of Schizophrenia were compared over ten different studies. The methods, findings, and limitations of olanzapine treatment when compared to conventional antipsychotics, monotherapy atypical antipsychotics, and combination atypical antipsychotics were addressed. These studies looked at populations of people with first-episode Schizophrenia, chronic cases, and resistant positive and negative symptoms. Olanzapine showed to have an equal to or greater decrease in negative symptoms and also an equal to or greater reduction in positive symptoms. Olanzapine also showed to have a reduction in extrapyramidal symptoms and an increase in neurocognitive …

Self-Mutilation : A Growing Concern, Sarah M. Meiners

Graduate Research Papers

According to an article by Nock and Prinstein, "Self-mutilation behavior is a pervasive public health problem occurring at a rate of 40% in the general adult population and 21 % in adult clinical populations. Adolescence is a period of significantly increased risk for self-mutilation behavior, as evidenced by rates of 14%-39% in adolescent community samples" (Nock & Prinstein, 2005, p.140). Raising awareness about the behaviors and emotions involved with individuals who self-mutilate may help counselors and school administrators understand better methods of treatment for adolescents. The following is a review of current research and literature regarding the nature of adolescents …

Towards A Meaningful Presentation Of Fms Trajectory Information For Tactical Self-Separation, S.B.J. Van Dam, M. Mulder, M.M. (René) Van Paassen

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In the context of future airspace management concepts, the flight crew will need tactical navigation support for airborne self-separation. Applying ecological interface design principles, a state-based navigation tool was designed that uses functional information overlays that show how traffic and aircraft performance constrain the horizontal maneuvering. The state-based system has been enhanced with a visualization of intent information from the flight plan trajectory (Van Dam, Paassen, & Mulder, 2007). This paper discusses in detail the exchange of intent information using ADS-B. It presents some promising ideas to show intent in a more meaningful and pilot-intuitive way, particularly focusing on the …

Transfer Of Skills From Microsoft Flight Simulator X To An Aircraft, Mark N. Callender, Wayne A. Dornan, Wendy S. Beckman, Paul A. Craig, Steve Gossett

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In the spring of 2008, with funding from the Aircraft Owner’s and Pilot’s Association, Middle Tennessee State University performed a study to evaluate the transferability of skills from Microsoft Flight Simulator X (MSFSX) to an aircraft for novice flight students. Nine students practiced tasks in six MSFSX Flight Lesson modules until the modules were successfully completed. The number of iterations required by students to accomplish each module satisfactorily was recorded. These students, along with nine others which comprised the control group, received flight training in a DA-40 for the same six maneuvers. They were subsequently evaluated on the number of …

Designing Work-Centered Support For Dynamic Multi-Mission Synchronization, Emilie Roth, Randall Whitaker, Robert Truxler, Ronald Scott, Thomas Kazmierczak, John Ostwald, Jeffrey Wampler

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

We describe recent developments in an ongoing program to design work-centered C2 support for a military airlift organization. Work-centered design tailors support to the cognitive and collaborative demands of the work. A coordinated suite of visualizations was developed to support synchronized replanning in response to dynamically changing conditions by revealing the interrelationships and constraints across multiple missions distributed in time and space. Support included the ability to perform ‘what if’ simulations across multiple missions so as to assess the impact of a change in one mission on other missions. An empirical evaluation was conducted comparing target user replanning performance on …

Attitudes Toward Automation And Information Requirements Of Experienced Predator Operators, William P. Marshak, John Hudson, Jeff Collier

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Two simulation studies were conducted using the Multiple Uninhabited Air Vehicle Agency (MAGE) software with nine Predator experienced pilots and sensor operators. In one study, MAGE's situation awareness and decision support elements were employed as supplemental information displays to a Predator crew station simulation within the Air Force's SIMAF facility. In the second simulation, each pilot controlled two autonomous UAVs during a complex multi-target mission scenario using the MAGE software suite. After the simulations were complete, the crewpersons answered questions about their attitudes concerning automated features and what kinds of non-vehicle information (weather, air spaces, intelligence, etc.) they felt they …

Airport Departure Flow Management (Dfm): Findings From Field Trial Testing, Amy Spencer, Ted Carniol, Jason Pepper, Philip J. Smith

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In this paper, we discuss the field testing of a Departure Flow Management (DFM) capability that has been developed by the FAA to reduce manual airport Call For Release (CFR) coordination requirements and workload, while increasing airport departure throughput and reducing delays. This field test consisted of shadow and operational phases and utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods. This study took place February and March 2008 at the Los Angeles (ZLA) Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) and Burbank (BUR), Las Vegas (LAS), Los Angeles (LAX), Ontario (ONT), and San Diego (SAN) airports. This test provided insights into how this …

Multidimensional Evaluation Of Pilot`S Threat And Error Management Performance During Complex Flight Maneuvers, Ioana Koglbauer, K. Wolfgang Kallus, Reinhard Braunstingl, Wolfram Boucsein

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

The present research attempts a multidimensional threat and error management performance analysis of pilots flying according to visual flight rules, during the recovery from four unusual aircraft states: extreme pitch, overbanked attitude, full stall and spin. An anticipative training program was developed based on flight mechanical and psychophysiological analysis of an expert’s performance. Training took place in a flight simulator and was preceded and followed by check flights with an aerobatic aircraft, a Pitts S-2B, supervised by an expert aerobatic flight instructor. In a between-groups design, a multidimensional assessment was applied, comprising psychophysiological measures of arousal, emotion, subjective, workload and …

Preparing For The Future Of Collaborative Air Traffic Management, Phillip J. Smith, Charles Billings

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

One of the key areas identified in the NextGen Concept of Operations focuses on Collaborative Air Traffic Management (CATM). Within the NextGen Concept of Operations, this collaboration is expected to continue to occur in a highly distributed environment where operational staff are distributed across many locations and organizations, including flight operations centers, pilots, the Air Traffic Control Systems Command Center, Enroute Centers, TRACONs and Airport ATC Towers (or their future functional equivalents). Significant changes can be expected, however, due to the introduction of new decision support technologies which will enable different approaches to traffic management. These changes in CATM require …

Psychological Fidelity Of Simulator Human Performance Limitation Training, K. Wolfgang Kallus

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Fidelity of simulators for training of pilots has to be judged from the final end of the training goal. This conclusion can be derived from the overview of Hays & Singer (1989), which has been published a considerable time ago. Nevertheless, an ongoing debate questions the need of simulator features like motion for the training of pilots – partly without giving attention to the training goals at hand. Especially in the area of threat and error management requirements for the simulators differ markedly from operational recurrence training. For experienced ATPL- pilots we can assume that a high fidelity visual simulation …

Gene–Environment Interactions Across Development: Exploring Drd2 Genotype And Prenatal Smoking Effects On Self-Regulation, Sandra A. Wiebe, Kimberly Andrews Espy, Christian Stopp, Jennifer Respass, Peter Stewart, Travis R. Jameson, David G. Gilbert, Jodi I. Huggenvik

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Genetic factors dynamically interact with both pre- and postnatal environmental influences to shape development. Considerable attention has been devoted to gene–environment interactions (G × E) on important outcomes (A. Caspi & T. E. Moffitt, 2006). It is also important to consider the possibility that these G × E effects may vary across development, particularly for constructs like self-regulation that emerge slowly, depend on brain regions that change qualitatively in different developmental periods, and thus may be manifested differently. To illustrate one approach to exploring such developmental patterns, the relation between variation in the TaqIA polymorphism, related to D2 dopamine receptor …

Epistatic Interaction Between Comt And Dat1 Genes On Eating Behavior: A Pilot Study, Samantha L. Hersrud, Scott F. Stoltenberg

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Problems related to food and weight in women may be influenced by the (DA) dopamine system. Catechol-o-methyl transferase (COMT) and the dopamine transporter (DAT) exert control on concentrations of extracellular DA. High and low functioning alleles of the COMT Val158Met and DAT1 3’ UTR VNTR polymorphisms have been identified, and their associations with reward and cognition suggest a role in the modulation of eating behavior. A sample of undergraduate college women (N = 71) was characterized for binge eating and eating psychopathology and genotyped for the COMT and DAT1 markers. Results revealed a significant epistatic interaction between COMT and DAT1 …

How Should The Effectiveness Of The Eppp Be Judged?, David Dilillo, George C. Tremblay

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

We join Brian A. Sharpless and Jacques P. Barber (2009) in calling for strengthening the evidence base supporting the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), particularly in the areas of criterion and predictive validity. Although 1 clear purpose of the EPPP is to assess core areas of knowledge, materials from the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards are less clear as to whether the EPPP is also intended to predict future performance as a psychologist. If the EPPP is expected to protect the public from poorly trained psychologists, then data supporting its use for that purpose are urgently …

The Receptor Mechanisms Underlying The Disruptive Effects Of Haloperidol And Clozapine On Rat Maternal Behavior: A Double Dissociation Between Dopamine D2 And 5-Ht2a/2c Receptors, Zhao Changjiu, Ming Li

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Many antipsychotic drugs disrupt active components of maternal behavior such as pup approach, pup retrieval and nest building at clinically relevant doses in postpartum female rats. However, the neurochemical mechanisms underlying such a disruptive effect remain to be determined. This study examined the neurochemical mechanisms that mediate the disruptive effects of haloperidol (a typical antipsychotic) and clozapine (an atypical antipsychotic) on rat maternal behavior. Postpartum rats were administered with haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg, sc) or clozapine (10.0 mg/kg, sc) together with either vehicle (saline or water), quinpirole (a selective dopamine D₂/D₃ agonist, 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg, sc), or …

Nonoffending Parent Expectations Of Sexually Abused Children: Predictive Factors And Influence On Children’S Recovery, Haig Kouyoumdjian, Andrea R. Perry, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study examined the influence of parental expectations on the functioning of sexually abused children. Participants included 67 sexually abused youth and 63 of their nonoffending primary caregivers. Parental expectations about how sexual abuse will impact children were predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior at pretreatment, while parental expectations of children’s overall future functioning were not predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior. Parental expectations about how sexual abuse will impact their children and about their children’s overall future functioning were not predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior at posttreatment. Results highlight the influential role the sexual abuse …

Social Phobia, Sarah S. Cosley

Graduate Research Papers

Social phobia is a common diagnosis for people of all ages. In the United States alone millions of people suffer from Social Phobia. People who suffer from social phobia can have problems in many areas of their life including: work, school, relationships, and daily functioning. Symptoms associated with social phobia can range from general fears to specific fears. A discussion of the definition of social phobia, symptoms, treatment, and application will be explored in the following paper.

Simulator Motion…It Rocks! (Or Maybe Not), Bob Jacobs

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

I want to briefly share some of our early work at the University of Illinois Aviation Research Laboratory relating to the nature and role of motion cueing and its relationship to pilot performance in flight training, skill evaluation, and flight instrument utilization. First, though, I’d like to offer some personal testimony about Stan Roscoe, the director of the Lab, so that you can appreciate the extraordinary environment we were provided in which to pursue our research and to learn.

An Interface For Inbound Traffic Route Planning, Ewout S. Van Dijk, M.M. (René) Van Paassen, Max Mulder, Mariska I. Roerdink

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

It is expected that, with increasing automation, the emphasis in the air traffic controllers’ work will shift from tactical control towards supervision and planning of aircraft trajectories. To support this work, a planning interface for area controllers has been developed. The interface uses a normal Plan View Display (PVD) supplemented with a Time-Space Diagram (TSD), that visualizes the travel of the incoming aircraft across their planned track. With the constraints on speed and timing as given in the TSD, the interface permits direct manipulation of the arrival time within these constraints. Using a simulation of air traffic, the interface was …

The Effect Of Video Weather Training Products On General Aviation Pilots’ Flight Behavior, William Knecht, Jerry Ball

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

This study examined the effect of video weather training products on general aviation (GA) pilot flight behavior. Fifty pilots participated. Training products were two popular GA weather training videos, plus a non-weather video as control. Pilots watched one video. Then, in the CAMI flight simulator, they flew a challenging 1.5-h visual flight rules (VFR) mission. Along the route, terrain rose slowly, with cloud bases squeezing pilots between ground and clouds. The control group penetrated significantly farther into the deteriorating weather. Otherwise, no significant safety differences were observed for time spent in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), time scud running, or time …

Solution Space-Based Complexity Analysis Of Atc Aircraft Merging Tasks, Patrick Hermes, Max Mulder, M.M. (René) Van Paassen, Hans Huisman, J.H.L. (Harjan) Boering

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Air traffic controller workload is considered to be a limiting factor in the growth of air traffic. In this paper a new method of assessing controller task demand load will be developed and tested. Based on the hypothesis that workload is primarily caused by the complexity of the task to be conducted, the concept of the “solution space” is described. For any particular air traffic control problem, the solution space describes the constraints in the environment that limit (and therefore, guide) air traffic controller decisions and actions. The complexity of that particular control problem can then be analyzed by considering …

The Effect Of Human Factors In Aviation Maintenance Safety, Andrea M. Georgiou

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Even with the increasing rate of technology innovation, the ultimate responsibility for the safety of a flight lies with humans. According to Boeing, human error accounts for 70% of commercial airplane accidents. This research aims to investigate the human factors that exist in aviation maintenance as well as the extent to which these factors affect safety. Utilizing the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) online accident database, the researcher reviewed accidents between 1996 through 2006 caused by maintenancerelated errors. The results indicate the top four maintenance errors with the highest number of fatalities were: a).failure to properly complete tasks, b).improper maintenance, …

Countermeasures To Mitigate Effects Of Fatigue Among Flight Attendants: To Improve Transportation Safety And Productivity, Lori J. Brown, John Niehaus

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

As airlines restructure and cut corners to make ends meet, flight attendants are experiencing a new industry trend that must be put to rest. At many carriers, flight attendants are forced to work to the point of exhaustion because of poorly scheduled duty time, lengthened duty days, or flagrant company violations of schedules. Research efforts on human factors: including the effects of fatigue, sleepiness, sleep disorders and circadian rhythms—on transportation safety has become a top priority. Research has identified key findings concerning fatigue in the flight attendant occupation, where sleep deprivation and disruption of circadian rhythms are known to occur …

Situational Awareness Assessment In Flight Simulator Experiment, Henk Van Dijk, Koen Van De Merwe, Rolf Zon

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Within the HILAS (Human Integration into the Lifecycle of Aviation Systems) project a flight simulator experiment was performed. The aim of the experiment was to study and select relevant Human Factors tools for pilot Situational Awareness assessment. One specific scenario was designed in which a malfunction of the aircraft was simulated: an Indicated Air Speed discrepancy. The malfunction was introduced during flight and slowly progressed over time while researchers monitored if and how pilots detected the discrepancy. Pilot behaviour was studied during the scenario; i.e. pilots’ Situational Awareness was assessed via eye trackers and rating scales.

Implementation Issues For Uav Camera View Transition Display Aid, Nicholas Wright, Heath Ruff, Brian Mullins, Antonio Ayala, Gloria Calhoun, Mark Draper

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

An operator supervising multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) will be required to switch attention between UAVs, each potentially involving different scenario environments and task requirements. A transition aid is now under evaluation that employs synthetic vision technology to enhance an operator’s situation awareness when switching between UAVs. Instead of discretely switching from the camera view of one UAV to the camera view of another, the algorithms driving the transition automatically provide a display format that uses a “fly out, fly in” metaphor over several seconds to transition between the two camera views. This paper will describe the many parameters that …

A Pc Based Methodology For Crm – Corporate Resource Management Practice Training, Lisia Maria Espinola Da Silva Pacheco Cabral, Selma Selma Leal De Oliveira Ribeiro, Luiz Landau, Cunha Gerson

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

On 2003, the National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC – Agência Nacional de Aviação Civil) elaborated the Civil Aviation Instruction (IAC - Instrução de Aviação Civil) 060-1002A, reviewed on 2005, about the CRM Training, based on the AC – Advisor Circular 120-51 A-E of FAA - Federal Aviation Administration, aiming at giving a standard direction about the subject for civil aviation organizations. The purpose of the study is to use a PC Based Methodology for the CRM Training / 2nd. Phase - Recurrent Practice and Feedback, in a low cost artificial environment differently from the LOFT – Line Oriented Flight Training, …

Training Interventions To Reduce Air Force Predator Mishaps, Robert Nullmeyer, Gregg Montijo

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

The use of unmanned aerial systems (UASs) is expanding rapidly. In military operations, this increased use has been accompanied by relatively high mishap rates compared with rates across more mature manned aircraft. These higher rates led to multiple high-level reviews of unmanned operations, but surprisingly little consensus emerged across reports regarding root causes. To help close this gap, Air Force Predator Class A mishap reports through FY 2008 were analyzed in detail. Mishap rates, counts, and causal factors appeared to shift systematically over time, with an increase in mishap reports citing shortfalls in several skill and knowledge areas in FY …