Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Three Waves: The United States Opioid Crisis, Ryan B. Santoro

Senior Scholars Papers in Science, Technology, and Society

The past two and a half decades have witnessed widespread suffering, addiction, and death at the hands of the opioid crisis. This paper analyzes the crisis through a series of time periods, broken down into “waves.” Drawing upon primary material in relation to OxyContin advertisements in the 1990’s, this research takes aim at the origin of widespread opioid abuse disorder. By building upon analysis done on the Sackler Family, Purdue Pharma, heroin abuse, fentanyl overdoses, the COVID-19 pandemic and opioids and addiction in modern pop culture, this thesis shows how despite constant change in public policy, the opioid crisis continues …

Bill Gatton College Of Pharmacy Viewbook - 2022, Bill Gatton College Of Pharmacy, East Tennessee State University

Bill Gatton College of Pharmacy Miscellaneous Publications

No abstract provided.

Methamphetamine Use: A Narrative Review Of Adverse Effects And Related Toxicities., Amber N. Edinoff, Sarah E. Kaufman, Keionne M. Green, Daniel A. Provenzano, Jesse Lawson, Elyse M. Cornett, Kevin S. Murnane, Adam M. Kaye, Alan David Kaye

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Methamphetamine has been labeled "America's most dangerous drug" and has received significant public health attention. Stimulant addiction and tolerance are heavily documented in the literature; increasingly larger doses maintain euphoria in short time periods to withstand stimulant tolerance. Stimulant deaths are high in the United States and abroad. Between 2013 and 2019, deaths related to methamphetamine use quadrupled from 3,616 to 16,127. Methamphetamine use increased four-fold from 2015 to 2016. Due to this increase in methamphetamine use and its associated medical complications, the mortality rate associated with methamphetamine use has doubled over the past ten years. Cardiopulmonary symptoms include chest …

Research News, Grants, 2022, Volume 1, Soumyajit Majumdar

Grants (2015-)

Grants and contracts awarded during January - March 2022.

Research News, Grants, 2022, Volume 4, Soumyajit Majumdar

Grants (2015-)

Grants and contracts awarded during October - December 2022

Educational Initiative In An Ncats Tl1 Training Program To Address The Impact Of Systemic Racism On Human Health, Biomedical Research, And The Translational Scientist, Martha D. Gay, Kimberly A. Bell, Emily A. Bujold, Marilla Geraci, Dexter L. Lee, Kathryn Sandberg, Robert C. Speth

HPD Articles

INTRODUCTION: The goal of clinical and translational science (CTS) is to fill gaps in medical knowledge toward improving human health. However, one of our most pressing challenges does not reside within the biological map we navigate to find sustainable cures but rather the moral compass to recognize and overcome racial and ethnic injustices that continue to influence our society and hinder diverse research rigor. The Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science includes an inter-institutional TL1-funded training program for predoctoral/postdoctoral trainees in Translational Biomedical Science (TBS). METHODS: In the fall of 2020, the TBS program responded to the national …

An Opinion On The Impacts Of Covid-19 Worldwide, Robert C. Speth

HPD Articles

No abstract provided.

Adjunctive Midodrine To Facilitate Weaning Of Intravenous (Iv) Vasopressor Agents In Critically Ill Adult Patients, Khalil Ford, Laura Blackburn, Hanna Ehrenfeld

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of A Medicare Public Health Emergency Policy Change For Continuous Glucose Monitors On Utilization And Total Cost Of Care For Diabetes, Momoka Abe, Katie Norton, Jenifer Smith

Providence Pharmacy PGY1 Program at Providence Portland and Providence St. Vincent Medical Centers 2022

Home glucose monitoring was revolutionized in 1999 when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first professional continuous glucose monitor (CGM). With the advancements in technology, newer CGMs are available for personal use and have greatly impacted the way diabetes is managed. Although there are data regarding the benefits of CGMs in lowering hemoglobin A1c, data is currently lacking regarding whether the use of CGM affects the number of hospitalization/emergency department visits as well as the effect on cost of care. In addition, while CGMs have been traditionally used in patients with type 1 diabetes due to their …

Nanorings To Probe Mechanical Stress Of Single-Stranded Dna Mediated By The Dna Duplex, Karen Zagorski, Tommy Stormberg, Mohtadin Hashemi, Anatoly B. Kolomeisky, Yuri L. Lyubchenko

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

The interplay between the mechanical properties of double-stranded and single-stranded DNA is a phenomenon that contributes to various genetic processes in which both types of DNA structures coexist. Highly stiff DNA duplexes can stretch single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) segments between the duplexes in a topologically constrained domain. To evaluate such an effect, we designed short DNA nanorings in which a DNA duplex with 160 bp is connected by a 30 nt single-stranded DNA segment. The stretching effect of the duplex in such a DNA construct can lead to the elongation of ssDNA, and this effect can be measured directly using atomic …

Medication Use Evaluation Of Vancomycin And Clindamycin For Group B Streptococcus Prophylaxis In Labor And Delivery Patients, Michelle Gronski Pharmd, Katelin Kimler Pharmd, Bcpps

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Medication Use Evaluation Of Antipsychotic Use In Use In Trauma Intensive Care Patients, Kimberly Sharpe Pharmd, Jason Laskosky Pharmd, Bcps

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of The Extrapulmonary Benefits After Initiation Of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor In Pediatric Patients, Sara Frey Pharmd, Shae Duka Mph, Lauren Greenawald Do, Katelin Kimler Pharmd, Bcpps

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors And Associated Bleeding Risks: A Narrative And Clinical Review., Amber N. Edinoff, Keerthiga Raveendran, Marc A. Colon, Bennett H. Thomas, Katie A. Trettin, Grace W. Hunt, Adam M. Kaye, Elyse M. Cornett, Alan David Kaye

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a major cause of disability worldwide and is associated with serious lasting impairment. A leading hypothesis of the pathophysiology of MDD is the monoamine deficiency hypothesis which suggests that depression is caused by depletion of serotonin, norepinephrine, or dopamine in the central nervous system. Serotonin is the most widely studied neurotransmitter in the pathophysiology of depression, with studies showing that reduced central serotonin synthesis leads to depressive symptoms in individuals at risk for depression. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) inhibit serotonin reuptake and subsequently increase the amount of serotonin available in synapses. Common side effects …

Viloxazine, A Non-Stimulant Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor, For The Treatment Of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A 3 Year Update., Hannah W. Haddad, Paul B. Hankey, Jimin Ko, Zahaan Eswani, Pravjit Bhatti, Amber N. Edinoff, Adam M. Kaye, Alan David Kaye

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood. Current treatment options for ADHD include pharmacological treatment (stimulants, non-stimulants, anti-depressants, anti-psychotics), psychological treatment (behavioral therapy with or without parent training, cognitive training, neurofeedback), and complementary and alternative therapies (vitamin supplementation, exercise). Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants are the primary pharmacological therapy used in treatment; however, these stimulant drugs carry a high potential for abuse and severe psychological/physical dependence. Viloxazine, a non-stimulant medication without evidence of drug dependence, is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that has historically been prescribed as an anti-depressant medication. The extended-release (ER) form …

Buprenorphine And Its Formulations: A Comprehensive Review., Salomon Poliwoda, Nazir Noor, Jack S. Jenkins, Cain W. Stark, Mattie Steib, Jamal Hasoon, Giustino Varrassi, Ivan Urits, Omar Viswanath, Adam M. Kaye, Alan David Kaye

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Buprenorphine, a novel long-acting analgesic, was developed with the intention of two purposes: analgesia and opioid use disorder. Regarding its pharmacodynamics, it is a partial agonist at mu receptors, an inverse agonist at kappa receptors, and an antagonist at delta receptors. For the purpose of analgesia, three formulations of buprenorphine were developed: IV/IM injectable formulation (Buprenex®), transdermal patch formulation (Butrans®), and buccal film formulation (Belbuca®). Related to opioid dependence, the formulations developed were subcutaneous extended release (Sublocade®), subdermal implant (Probuphine®), and sublingual tablets (Subutex®). Lastly, in order to avoid misuse of buprenorphine for opioid dependence, two combination formulations paired with …

Midazolam Nasal Spray To Treat Intermittent, Stereotypic Episodes Of Frequent Seizure Activity: Pharmacology And Clinical Role, A Comprehensive Review., Elyse M. Cornett, Meskerem A. Nemomsa, Bailey Turbeville, Matthew A. Busby, Jessica S. Kaye, Aaron J. Kaye, Joohee Choi, Giovanni F. Ramírez, Giustino Varrassi, Adam M. Kaye, Alan David Kaye, James Wilson, Latha Ganti

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

An intranasal formulation of midazolam, Nayzilam, has been FDA-approved to treat intermittent, stereotypic episodes of frequent seizure activity. Nayzilam is easy to administer and can quickly treat seizures that occur outside of the hospital. The intra-nasal route of administration allows non-medical personal to administer the drug which makes it more accessible and user-friendly in the event of a seizure. Many studies have indicated quick cessation of seizures with Nayzilam compared to rectal diazepam, which has been the standard of care treatment. Nayzilam has been proven to be safe and effective for acute seizures in children, deeming it a revolutionary alternative …

Phenothiazines And Their Evolving Roles In Clinical Practice: A Narrative Review., Amber N. Edinoff, Grace Armistead, Christina A. Rosa, Alexandra Anderson, Ronan Patil, Elyse M. Cornett, Kevin S. Murnane, Adam M. Kaye, Alan David Kaye

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Phenothiazines, a diverse class of drugs, can be used to treat multiple mental health and physical conditions. Phenothiazines have been used for decades to treat mental illnesses, including schizophrenia, mania in bipolar disorder, and psychosis. Additionally, these drugs offer relief for physical illnesses, including migraines, hiccups, nausea, and vomiting in both adults and children. Further research is needed to prove the efficacy of phenothiazines in treating physical symptoms. Phenothiazines are dopaminergic antagonists that inhibit D2 receptors with varying potency. High potency phenothiazines such as perphenazine are used to treat various psychiatric conditions such as the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, the …

Aduhelm, A Novel Anti-Amyloid Monoclonal Antibody, For The Treatment Of Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review., Hannah W. Haddad, Garett W. Malone, Nicholas J. Comardelle, Arielle E. Degueure, Salomon Poliwoda, Rachel J. Kaye, Kevin S. Murnane, Adam M. Kaye, Alan David Kaye

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia affecting millions of individuals, including family members who often take on the role of caregivers. This debilitating disease reportedly consumes 8% of the total United States healthcare expenditure, with medical and nursing outlays accounting for an estimated $290 billion. Cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists have historically been the most widely used pharmacologic therapies for patients with AD; however, these drugs are not curative. The present investigation describes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, presentation, and current treatment of AD followed by the role of the novel monoclonal antibody, Adulhelm, in …

Rimegepant For The Treatment Of Migraine., Amnon A. Berger, Ariel Winnick, Austin H. Carroll, Alexandra Welschmeyer, Nathan Li, Marc Colon, Antonella Paladini, Giovanni F. Ramírez, Jamal Hasoon, Elyse M. Cornett, Jaehong Song, Giustino Varrassi, Adam M. Kaye, Alan David Kaye, Latha Ganti

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Migraine is a common form of primary headache, affecting up to 1 in every 6 Americans. The pathophysiology is an intricate interplay of genetic factors and environmental influence and is still being elucidated in ongoing studies. The trigeminovascular system is now known to have a significant role in the initiation of migraines, including the release of pain mediators such as CGRP and substance P. Traditional treatment of migraine is usually divided into acute and preventive treatment. Acute therapy includes non-specific therapy, such as NSAIDs and other analgesics, which may provide relief in mild to moderate migraines. 5-HT1 agonists may provide …

Peroxide Antimalarial Drugs Target Redox Homeostasis In Plasmodium Falciparum Infected Red Blood Cells, Ghizal Siddiqui, Carlo Giannangelo, Amanda De Paoli, Anna Katharina Schuh, Kim C. Heimsch, Dovile Anderson, Timothy G. Brown, Christopher A. Macraild, Jianbo Wu, Xiaofang Wang, Yuxiang Dong, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Katja Becker, Darren J. Creek

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

Plasmodium falciparum causes the most lethal form of malaria. Peroxide antimalarials based on artemisinin underpin the frontline treatments for malaria, but artemisinin resistance is rapidly spreading. Synthetic peroxide antimalarials, known as ozonides, are in clinical development and offer a potential alternative. Here, we used chemoproteomics to investigate the protein alkylation targets of artemisinin and ozonide probes, including an analogue of the ozonide clinical candidate, artefenomel. We greatly expanded the list of proteins alkylated by peroxide antimalarials and identified significant enrichment of redox-related proteins for both artemisinins and ozonides. Disrupted redox homeostasis was confirmed by dynamic live imaging of the glutathione …

Closing The Documentation Loop: Pharmacist-Led Impact On Sepsis Fluid Documentation And Quality Measures, Ross Singletary, Alex Stabler, Shalyn Cox, Larry J Pineda

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Swosu Research And Scholarly Activity Fair 2022, Swosu Office Of Sponsored Programs

SWOSU Research and Scholarly Activity Fair Programs

On behalf of Southwestern Oklahoma State University, welcome to the Thirtieth Research and Scholarly Activity Fair! We are proud to host students and faculty from universities and community colleges from across the state at this meeting of scholars. Research and scholarly activity ranging from Business Administration, Education and Professional Studies, Fine Arts and Design, Liberal Arts, and Mathematics and Science.
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Sincerely, SWOSU Office of Sponsored Programs and URSAC

The Challenges Of Combatting Antimicrobial Resistance In The Philippines, Janine Patricia G. Robredo, Michelle Ann B. Eala, Joseph A. Paguio, Maria Sonia S. Salamat, Leo Anthony G. Celi

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

No abstract provided.

Financial Feasibility Study Of Incremental Modified Drugs Development By Domestic Pharmaceutical Industry, Manthana Laichapis

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The Thai pharmaceutical industry aims to achieve self-reliance in vaccines, drugs, and biologics as per the National Strategic Master Plan. Challenges include low research capacity and higher drug imports compared to domestic production. To promote self-reliance, more research on incrementally modified drugs (IMDs) is essential. This study analyzes the financial feasibility of developing IMD dosage forms for policy and investment decisions. A mixed-method approach, including type selection, investment models, cost structures, and financial analysis, was employed. Results favor sustained release, oro-dispersible tablet, and nasal spray formulations. IMD research and development took 7 to 13 years due to formulation complexity and …

Production Of Pd-L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor In Nicotiana Benthamiana, Thareeya Phetphoung

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Immune checkpoint antibodies disrupt the binding of receptor-ligand pairs which regulate immune response in cancer treatment. PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has become one target of the cancer immunotherapy approaches. Atezolizumab, the first FDA-approved antibody to PD-L1 in the treatment of metastatic urothelial, non-small cell lung, small cell lung, and hepatocellular cancers, is expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines with several limitations, i.e., high costs of production, limited-capacity yields, and pathogen risks. To overcome these drawbacks, the transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, which provide expandable scalability and inexpensive costs, was investigated by co-infiltration of Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 cultures harboring Atezolizumab …

Budget Impact Analysis Of Upadacitinib For The Management Of Moderate-To-Severe Atopic Dermatitis In Patients Treated With Systemic Therapies In The United States, Haya O. Alobaid

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: This study evaluated the budget impact of introducing upadacitinib for patients with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) from a United States (U.S.) private payer perspective.

Methods: The model estimated costs before and after the adoption of upadacitinib for a hypothetical one million covered lives over 3 years. The model included immunosuppressant agents and dupilumab. Market uptake was assumed to be 2% per year. Treatments incur a cost for drug acquisition, and the costs associated with drug administration, laboratory testing, and clinic visits. The model calculated the impact on the budget in 2022 U.S. dollars. Various assumptions on market …

The Economic Value Of Pharmacist-Physician Collaborative Care Models In Hypertension Management, Jessica S. Jay

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Hypertension is highly prevalent in the United States, affecting nearly half of all adults (43%). Studies have shown that pharmacy-physician collaborative care models (PPCCM) for hypertension management significantly improve blood pressure (BP) control rates and provide consistent control of BP. Time in target range (TTR) for systolic BP is a novel measure of BP control consistency that is independently associated with decreased cardiovascular (CV) risk. There is no evidence observed improvement in TTR for systolic BP with PPCCM is cost effective.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of PPCCM with usual care for the management of hypertension …

Biomarkers Of Inflammation And Oxidative Stress In The Prediction And Management Of Acute Coronary Syndrome, Udaya Ralapanawa, Sivakanesan R

Health Sciences

The assessment of patients presenting with chest pain or symptoms indicative of cardiac ischemia remains a diagnostic challenge. Many types of research have focused on the search for ideal biological markers for the rapid detection of cardiac cell injuries. Markers of inflammation and oxidative stress are the way forward. At present, the biomarker most widely used for diagnosing acute coronary syndrome is cardiac troponin though it has some limitations. Apart from cardiac troponin, several other biomarkers, especially inflammation and oxidative stress markers in acute coronary syndrome, have been investigated. However, most of them still require validation in further studies. As …

Immune-Related Adverse Events Of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Incidence, Risk Factors, Clinical Outcomes, And Economic Burden In Older Adults With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Yiran Rong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To fill the gap in existing literature related to immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), this dissertation focused on: 1) assessing the incidence, spectrum and risk factors for the development of irAEs; 2) assessing the clinical impact of irAE occurrence on survival and treatment discontinuation; 3) analyzing and estimating the incremental economic burden of irAEs among an older population in the United States (US). A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the SEER-Medicare 2020 linkage database in order to evaluate the three study objectives. The dissertation included 8,175 patients diagnosed …