Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Formulations And Evaluation Of Mucoadhesive Buccal Tablets Of Anti-Histamine Drug Using Natural Polymers, Shardor Ambarish Ghalappa Shardor Mr, Siddramappa Basavaraj Shirsand Dr, Shailashri Siddramappa Shirsand Mrs, Chandrakant C. Patil Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: The present investigation highlights the formulation of buccoadhesive tablets of Ketotifen fumarate, a second-generation H1-antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer. The properties of Ketotifen may contribute to its antiallergic activity. Method: The mucoadhesive buccal tablets of Ketotifen fumarate were prepared by direct compression method using natural polymers like sodium alginate, xanthan gum, karaya gum, and gaur gum along with carbopol 934P in different ratios. Ethyl cellulose is used as a backing layer to promote the unidirectional flow of drugs in the buccal region. Results: After examining the flow properties of the powder blends the results were found to be within …

Behavioral Intention Factors For Prescription Deliveries By Small Unmanned Aircraft In Rural Communities, Sarah M. Talley

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Nearly half of the U.S. population regularly use and depend on prescription medications; however, pharmacy availability and access to pharmacy services are often lacking, particularly in rural communities. In an effort to meet local healthcare needs, delivery by sUAS is proposed to ensure the nearly 60 million rural residents have access to their prescription medications.

As an emerging technology with little research into home delivery applications, the successful implementation of sUAS for prescription medication delivery requires public acceptance and positive behavioral intention toward its use. At the time of the current research, no prior studies have specifically focused on the …

Dimethyl Fumarate Is Associated With Lower Rates Of Infection And Lower Infection-Related Healthcare Costs When Compared With Ocrelizumab., Jacqueline A Nicholas, Mark Gudesblatt, Meghan Garabedian, Nicholas Belviso, Changyu Shen, Caroline Geremakis, Sai L Shankar, Jason P Mendoza, James B Lewin

Pharmacy Articles

BACKGROUND: Infections in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) may have a detrimental effect on disease progression, risk of hospitalization, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU). The infection risk and HRU costs may vary between disease-modifying therapies (DMTs); however, the individual risks and differences associated with DMTs are not well characterized. Some DMTs may increase the risk for infections in PwMS; however, previous studies have reported an intact humoral immune response in dimethyl fumarate (DMF)-treated patients. The objective was to compare infection-related HRU and healthcare costs (HCCs) between PwMS treated with DMF or ocrelizumab (OCR).

METHODS: Eligible patients were identified from the …

Correlates Of Zero-Dose Vaccination Status Among Children Aged 12–59 Months In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multilevel Analysis Of Individual And Contextual Factors, Chamberline E. Ozigbu, Bankole Olatosi Ph.D., Zhenlong Li, James W. Hardin, Nicole L. Hair

Faculty Publications

Despite ongoing efforts to improve childhood vaccination coverage, including in hard-to-reach and hard-to-vaccinate communities, many children in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remain unvaccinated. Considering recent goals set by the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030), including reducing the number of zero-dose children by half, research that goes beyond coverage to identify populations and groups at greater risk of being unvaccinated is urgently needed. This is a pooled cross-sectional study of individual- and country-level data obtained from Demographic and Health Surveys Program and two open data repositories. The sample includes 43,131 children aged 12–59 months sampled between 2010 and 2020 in 33 SSA countries. …

Jatropha Tanjorensis A Flora Of Southeast Nigeria: Isolation And Characterization Of Naringenin And Validation Of Bio-Enhanced Synergistical Activity Of Α- Tocopherol Toward Clinical Isolates Of Resistant Bacterial, Ikechukwu Kingsley Ijoma, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe

Makara Journal of Science

Jatropha tanjorensis is among the rich floras of Southeast Nigeria and used by ethnic people to treat infections and manage health conditions. Ethnomedicine has long been employed in the treatment of ailments caused by bacterial pathogens. Studies showed that the incorporation of synthetic α-tocopherol to an antibacterial agent improves its activity. However, knowledge about the antibacterial-enhanced activity of plant-based α-tocopherols, especially those isolated from Jatropha tanjorensis, is limited because of the different bioactivities of synthetic and natural α-tocopherols. To determine the phytochemicals in J. tanjorensis, we carried out the structural elucidation of its leaf extracts. Naringenin and α-tocopherol …

Podium Presentation: Covid And Antidepressants: Ongoing Use Of Ssris And The Hospital Course Of Covid-19 Patients: A Retrospective Outcome Analysis, Sherri Mendelson

2022 Providence Nurse Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Evolving Opioid Administration Practices Among Adults Hospitalized With Cellulitis: An Evidence-Based Practice Project, Nonna Dobyns, Teresa Bigand, Kenn Daratha, Denise Ogorek, K Colorafi

2022 Providence Nurse Research Conference

No abstract provided.

High Dose Opioid Administration For Adults Hospitalized With Acute Pancreatitis, Sharaya Hundeby, Brenda Senger, Teresa Bigand

2022 Providence Nurse Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Medication Administration Error Reporting And Just Culture: Ana And Nln Perspectives, Venisa Morgan, Janice Miles

2022 Providence Nurse Research Conference

Background: Former Vanderbilt University Medical Center nurse, RaDonda Vought, was charged with criminally negligent homicide in March 2022 for a fatal drug error. Ms. Vought’s license was revoked and she was sentenced to three years of probation.

Purpose/aim: This poster presentation aims to inform attendants of the ethical principles involved in medication administration error reporting and the concepts of a Just Culture. This poster also aims to inform attendants of the American Nurses Association’s (ANA’s) and National League for Nursing’s (NLN’s) perspectives on the RaDonda Vought case, outcomes, error reporting, and Just Culture.

Methods/Approach: A search was completed for the …

Dna - Chemistry Of Life, Abdulrazzak Hammody Al-Qaraghuli, Ayad Ahmed Al-Taweel

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The chemical structure of DNA, RNA, telomeres, and mitochondria and their principal components are reviewed based on the type of chemical bonds and interactions between those components. This study also briefly outlines the types of chromosomes and genes in the cells of some living species, including humans. An approach regarding the polymeric nature of DNA is introduced, including the number of units or molecules in the polymer based on the unit cell dimensions of crystalline DNA material. Furthermore, the mechanism of protein synthesis inside the living cell, including the role of DNA and RNA in this process, is discussed.

Correlation Between Anatomical Variations Radiological Appearance Of Sella Turcica And Mastoid Process Density Among Cleft Palate And Non Cleft Palate Individuals, Sajad Khaldoun Al-Tamimi, Ahmed Sinan Elias, Lamia Hamid Al-Nakib

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Craniofacial development is complex, and to enhance the quality of life and surgical outcomes for individuals with craniofacial anomalies, understanding the basic cell and developmental biology behind pathological craniofacial development is crucial. The aim of this study is to correlate the morphology of the Sella Turcica and mastoid process density among cleft and non-cleft Iraqi subjects. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images of 110 Iraqi individuals (80 with cleft palate and 30 non-cleft subjects) were automatically analyzed by a software program on a desktop computer by an expert Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologist. The Sella Turcica in the sagittal …

The Utility Of Cbct In Assessment Of Man-Dibular Bone Cortex In Osteoporotic And Non- Osteoporotic Females, Raya M. Al Bayati, Saif S. Saliem, Lamia H. Al Nakib, Maisaa Q. Mohammed Ali

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Bone is a living tissue that undergoes continuous modeling and remodeling to support growth and functional demands. Variations in female hormones can impact bone quality and quantity, particularly post-menopause, increasing susceptibility to osteoporosis. This study aims to assess the effect of osteoporosis on mandibular cortical width in post-menopausal females, distinguishing it from the effects of aging using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Aims: The goal is to differentiate the effects of osteoporosis from aging on mandibular cortical bone using CBCT. Materials and Methods: The study included a sample group of 60 Iraqi females divided into 3 groups based on …

Prevalence Of Entamoeba Histolytica In Human From Baghdad City, Lina A. Jebur, Athmar K. Abbas

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The result of microscopic examination of 100 human stool samples showed that 33% of them were infected with Entamoeba histolytica. The rate of infection with Entamoeba histolytica in the males was 21% while in the females was 12% with a significant differences at (P6-10 years, while the lowest rate 4% was found at age group ≥20 years. The highest infection rate 54.54% occurred in July/2021, while, the lowest 18.18% was reported in January and February/2021 with significant differences at (P

Anemia And Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women In Al Karkh Health Directorate, Baghdad / Iraq, Fawzi Hashim Atshan, Ibtisam Faraj Hasan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Introduction: Anemia in pregnancy is one of the most common public health problems in developing country,it is commonly associated with poor pregnancy outcome and can result in complications that threaten the life of both mother and fetus. The main risk factors associated with anemia during pregnancy are low body storage of iron ,low intake of iron, poor absorption of iron from diet, chronic infections, and parasitic diseases . Objective: To determine the prevalence of anemia and associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care units in Baghdad Al Karkh Heath Directorate, Baghdad/Iraq . Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study, …

Vitamin D Deficiency, Its Relation To Bone, Back Pain, Tiredness And Mood Improving In Adult Sample Collected From Baghdad City, Abass T. Al Joudi, Mohammed Raad Khalaf

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem. With all the medicall advances of the century, vitamin D deficiency is still prevailing. Over a billion people worldwide are Vitamin D deficient or insufficient. In this study data collected from 58 outpatients Clinic from Bagdad citw/Iraq, suffering from Vitamin D deficiency at different rate. They were either suffer from Vitamin D deficiency (10-19) ng/ml, insufficient (20-29) ng/ml or some sutfer with sever deficiency< 10ng/ml. This study covered random samples of different gender (male and female) and from different life style, which include different symptoms (bone and back pain, tiredness, hair loss and mood improving). Results showed that women were more accessible than men for Vitamin D deficiency due to woman loss more Vitamin Dthrough menopause, pregnancy and lactation period and results showed that patients with age (40 to 59) year old and (60 to 69) year old were suffering from bone and back bone pain, were 25% of the sample study were suffering from hair loss. Most people covered in this study were felling tiredness and headache. Inthisstudy samplescollected from patients with Vitamin D deficiencies were treated by giving dosages of supplement medicine (like Cholecalciferoll and Colecaliciferol) to optimize level of 25-OH Vitamin D3. To increase Vitamin D rate in these patients. Results also showed that the supplement medicine help and improve reducing hair loss, bone and back pain within two months of taken it, were 25% of the sample study suffering from felling tiredness and headache which they start to recovered their health gradually after taken medication within first and second month of treatment. In relation to depression, it was concluded that depression was associated with low Vitamin D level in patients' especially old peoples and from the results, medical supplement found to be improves mood and reduce depression in a sample of people study especially in women.

A Highly Effective Natural Herbal Mixture That Helps To Normalize The Sugar Level For People With Chronic Diabetes, Isam Shaker Hamza, Aziz Latif Jarallah, Tariq Yaseen Mahmoud

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The effect of a herbal mixture consisting of (Portulaca oleracea seeds or the so-called berberine, Curcuma, Lepidium sativum seeds and Trigonella) was investi- gated as a treatment for high blood sugar. Three groups of twenty mice were used in each of these groups. The first part of this investigation was to study the chemical properties of these herbs mixture and appeared to us that this herbal mixture con- tain the following chemicals Saponins, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Tannins in different proportions. The second part of the investigation concentrated on prepar- ing three groups of mice each with 20 mouse. The first …

Abuse Of Benzodiazepines Among The Elderly Population, Sofia A. Padilla

College of Pharmacy Student Research

Throughout the years, benzodiazepines are safe drugs to treat several conditions among the elderly population, including anxiety, mixed anxiety-depression, and insomnia. However, inappropriate use of this drug, together with known risks such as cognitive impairment, delirium, and falls, is on the rise in these recent years, making the elderly population more inclined to suffer adverse effects when using them. The literature review paper will examine the use of benzodiazepines among the elderly population and their abuse through various published articles that addressed these concerns. The paper will also examine some potential solutions that will reduce the inappropriate use of benzodiazepine …

17Β-Estradiol Treatment Improves Acetylcholine-Induced Relaxation Of Mesenteric Arteries In Ovariectomized Uc Davis Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats In Prediabetic State, Md Rahatullah Razan, Farjana Akther, Rifat Ara Islam, James L. Graham, Kimber L. Stanhope, Peter J. Havel, Roshanak Rahimian

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

We recently reported sex differences in mesenteric arterial function of the UC Davis type-2 diabetes mellitus (UCD-T2DM) rats as early as the prediabetic state. We reported that mesenteric arteries (MA) from prediabetic male rats exhibited a greater impairment compared to that in prediabetic females. However, when females became diabetic, they exhibited a greater vascular dysfunction than males. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the female sex hormone, estrogen preserves mesenteric arterial vasorelaxation in UCD-T2DM female rats at an early prediabetic state. Age-matched female Sprague Dawley and prediabetic (PD) UCD-T2DM rats were ovariectomized (OVX) and subcutaneously implanted …

Channelopathy Of Small- And Intermediate-Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels, Young-Woo Nam, Myles Downey, Mohammad Asikur Rahman, Meng Cui, Miao Zhang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Small- and intermediate-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ (K_Ca2.x/K_Ca3.1 also called SK/IK) channels are gated exclusively by intracellular Ca²⁺. The Ca²⁺ binding protein calmodulin confers sub-micromolar Ca²⁺ sensitivity to the channel-calmodulin complex. The calmodulin C-lobe is constitutively associated with the proximal C-terminus of the channel. Interactions between calmodulin N-lobe and the channel S4-S5 linker are Ca²⁺-dependent, which subsequently trigger conformational changes in the channel pore and open the gate. KCNN genes encode four subtypes, including KCNN1 for K_Ca2.1 (SK1), KCNN2 for K_Ca2.2 (SK2), KCNN3 for K …

Channelopathy Of Small- And Intermediate-Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ Channels, Young-Woo Nam, Miles Downey, Mohammad Asikur Rahman, Meng Cui, Miao Zhang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Small- and intermediate-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ (K_Ca2.x/K_Ca3.1 also called SK/IK) channels are gated exclusively by intracellular Ca²⁺. The Ca²⁺ binding protein calmodulin confers sub-micromolar Ca²⁺ sensitivity to the channel-calmodulin complex. The calmodulin C-lobe is constitutively associated with the proximal C-terminus of the channel. Interactions between calmodulin N-lobe and the channel S4-S5 linker are Ca²⁺-dependent, which subsequently trigger conformational changes in the channel pore and open the gate. KCNN genes encode four subtypes, including KCNN1 for K_Ca2.1 (SK1), KCNN2 for K_Ca2.2 (SK2), KCNN3 for K …

Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of The Correlation Between Bispectral Index (Bis) And Clinical Sedation Scales: Toward Defining The Role Of Bis In Critically Ill Patients., Mojdeh S Heavner, Emily F Gorman, Dustin D Linn Pharm D, Siu Yan Amy Yeung, Todd A Miano

Parkview Pharmacy Department

INTRODUCTION: The bispectral index (BIS) is an attractive approach for monitoring level of consciousness in critically ill patients, particularly during paralysis, when commonly used sedation scales cannot be used.

OBJECTIVES: As a first step toward establishing the utility of BIS during paralysis, this review examines the strength of correlation between BIS and clinical sedation scales in a broad population of non-paralyzed, critically ill adults.

METHODS: We included studies evaluating the strength of correlation between concurrent assessments of BIS and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS), Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS), or Sedation Agitation Scale (SAS) in critically ill adult patients. Studies involving …

Bio-Vascular 3d, Wisdom Shadrach

ORBioM (Open Research BioSciences Meeting)

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity across the world and according to the world health organization account for 32% of mortality rate globally. There still remain a need to develop better in vitro vascular models that would aid further in-depth understanding of cardiovascular pathogenesis and proposed therapeutic intervention.

This study intends to characterize four novel medically relevant synthetic polymer scaffolds, and one hydrogel, for their biocompatibility and potential application in a tissue engineered blood vessel (TEBV). A primary human endothelial cell line derived from the vein of the umbilical cord (HUVEC), and a human primary smooth …

Biowill - Characterising Willow Bark Bio-Actives For Skin Therapies, Arnold Marisa

ORBioM (Open Research BioSciences Meeting)

Willow bark is considered as a disposable by-product when processing willow for biomass. Willow (Salix) is known to contain high value bioactive compounds which include salicin and its derivatives, and other phytochemicals of interest such as polyphenols and flavonoids. The plant is historically known as the primary source of salicylates to which the well-known drug aspirin is derived from. The work forms part of the Interreg project BioWILL, which is focused on integrated “Zero Waste” biorefinery utilising all fractions of willow feedstock for the production of biochemicals and renewable energy. This project aims to investigate the crude and …

Managing Risk And Knowledge: Frameworks To Guide Knowledge-Enabled Technology Transfer, Martin Lipa Dr, Anne Greene

Level 3

Technology transfer is not only about the transfer of technology, but also about the transfer of knowledge, as evidenced by definitions of KM within the biopharma industry and beyond. However, knowledge transfer is often not well structured and its effectiveness – in particular for tacit knowledge (i.e., know how) – is an opportunity for improvement which can lead to many benefits. This article profiles recent research into the topic of improving knowledge transfer during technology transfer and presents several recently developed frameworks for improving such. The article furthermore explains how the frameworks can be co-deployed in support of robust knowledge …

People Perspectives In The Deployment Of Data Analytics For New Knowledge Generation In Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Marcus O'Mahony Dr.

Level 3

Digital medicine manufacturing of the future will almost certainly involve greater use of advanced analytics tools for more data-driven decision-making. In this article, the role of people in the deployment of data analytics tools within the pharmaceutical manufacturing setting is explored. Some perspectives are presented for how people can make sense of working cross-functionally on the analytics journey to deliver new knowledge and insights that enable data-driven decisions to be made. Data analytics is defined and is proposed as a critical common ground between the “on-the-ground” data practitioners and the decision-makers who act on new knowledge. Reference is made to …

Steps Towards Digital Transformation In The Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Landscape Knowledge-Enabled Technology Transfer, Anne Greene Professor, Martin Lipa Dr

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Stereocontrolled Access To Δ-Lactone-Fused-Γ-Lactams Bearing Angular Benzylic Quaternary Stereocenters, Timothy K. Beng, Morgan J. Rodriguez, Claire Borg

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

C-fused γ-lactam-lactones are resident in several bioactive molecules, including anticancer agents such as omuralide. In this embodiment, we report mild conditions for the catalytic halolactonization of lactam-tethered 5-aryl-4(E)-pentenoic acids. The use of dichloromethane as the solvent and Ph₃PS as the catalyst led to predominant 6-endo-trig cyclization and furnished the trans-fused-γ-lactam-δ-lactones. The transformation is modular, regioselective, chemoselective, and diastereoselective. The γ-lactam-δ-lactones bear angular quaternary benzylic stereocenters, which is noteworthy since the presence of a quaternary carbon in bioactive small molecules often promotes an element of conformational restriction that imparts potency, selectivity, and metabolic stability. The …

Emerging Technologies: Empowering People To Capture, Share And Transfer Tacit Knowledge, Donncadh J. Nagle, Melanie J. Adams

Level 3

ICH Q10 was published in 2008, and presented a model for an effective Pharmaceutical Quality System (PQS). However, the industry still has some way to go in embracing and implementing its principles in order to achieve greater product realisation, to establish and maintain a state of control, and to facilitate continual improvement.

ICH Q10 introduced us to two key enablers: Knowledge Management (KM) and Quality Risk Management (QRM).^[1] While the pharmaceutical industry has made progress in implementing the principles of QRM since 2008, there has been significantly slower progress in implementing knowledge management practices. However, there may be solutions …

The Implications Of Tacit & Explicit Knowledge For Technology Transfer: When It Goes Well & When It Goes Wrong & What Can Digital Do To Help!, Paige Kane Dr., David Twohig Dr.

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Ciliogenesis Mechanisms Mediated By Pak2-Arl13b Signaling In Brain Endothelial Cells Is Responsible For Vascular Stability, Karthikeyan Thirugnanam, Shubhangi Prabhudesai, Emma Van Why, Amy Pan, Ankan Gupta, Koji Foreman, Rahima Zennadi, Kevin R. Rarick, Surya M. Nauli, Sean P. Palacek, Ramani Ramchandran

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

In the developing vasculature, cilia, microtubule-based organelles that project from the apical surface of endothelial cells (ECs), have been identified to function cell autonomously to promote vascular integrity and prevent hemorrhage. To date, the underlying mechanisms of endothelial cilia formation (ciliogenesis) are not fully understood. Understanding these mechanisms is likely to open new avenues for targeting EC-cilia to promote vascular stability. Here, we hypothesized that brain ECs ciliogenesis and the underlying mechanisms that control this process are critical for brain vascular stability. To investigate this hypothesis, we utilized multiple approaches including developmental zebrafish model system and primary cell culture systems. …