Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Prediction Of Human Systemic, Biologically Relevant Pharmacokinetic (Pk) Properties Using Quantitative Structure Pharmacokinetic Relationships (Qspkr) And Interspecies Pharmacokinetic Allometric Scaling (Pk-As) Approaches For Four Different Pharmacological Classes Of Compounds, Gopichand Gottipati

Theses and Dissertations

This research developed and validated QSPKR models for predicting in-vivo human, systemic biologically relevant PK properties (i.e., reflecting the disposition of the unbound drug) of four, preselected, pharmacological classes of drugs, namely, benzodiazepines (BZD), neuromuscular blocking agents (NMB), triptans (TRP) and class III antiarrhythmic agents (AAR), as well as PK allometric scaling (PK-AS) models for BZD and NMB, using pertinent human and animal systemic PK information (fu, CLtot, Vdss and fe) from published literature. Overall, lipophilicity (logD7.4) and molecular weight (MW) were found to be the most important and statistically significant molecular properties, affecting biologically relevant systemic PK properties, and …

Reversed-Phase Ion-Pairing Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry In Characterization Of Glycosaminoglycans, Alhumaidi Alabbas

Theses and Dissertations

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a family of linear bio-polysaccharides, which are heterogeneously modified with negatively charged sulfate and carboxylate groups. They are located on every cell surface, extracellular matrix or intracellular space in the body. GAGs are composed of alternating units of an amino sugars (glucosamine or galactosamine) and hexuronic acid/hexose (iduronic acid, glucoronic acid/ or galactose), which are linked by glycosidic bonds with different geometries. In recent years, GAGs have attracted considerable interest. GAGs play vital roles in fundamental biological processes, such as hemostasis, angiogenesis, cell signaling, growth and differentiation. Thus, GAGs contribute to a number of diseases such as …

Development Of Bivalent Ligands Targeting The Putative Ccr5-Mor Heterodimer, Thomas Raborg

Theses and Dissertations

Chemokine receptor CCR5 (CCR5) is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly expressed on leukocytes, or white blood cells.1–3 During inflammation, the body releases chemokines that bind to receptors such as CCR5 and attract leukocytes to the area of inflammation, leading to an immunological response.1 CCR5 is also an important receptor in the human immunodeficiency virus's (HIV-1) invasion of host cells, as CCR5 acts as a co-receptor that facilitates HIV-1 viral entry.4,5 The continued destruction of leukocytes as a result of HIV-1 viral entry produces a disease state called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).5 Of note, this receptor is also expressed on …

A Route To Discover Small Molecule Inhibitors Of Psaa, A Potential Target For Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Ahmad J. Obaidullah

Theses and Dissertations

Due to the development of multidrug resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae, research has begun to define new drug targets for pneumonia therapy. Different research groups have identified a lipoprotein, PsaA that is important for pneumonia virulence. PsaA is a manganese transporter that is required for bacterial virulence and growth. We have employed computer modeling to virtually screen a small-molecule database for inhibition of PsaA function by targeting the metal binding pocket, performing receptor-based virtual screening and molecular docking and scoring to identify potential inhibitors of PsaA function. We have developed an assay for screening compounds, including the use of a PsaA …

The Effect Of Sleep Medication Use And Poor Sleep Quality On Risk Of Falls In Community-Dwelling Older Adults, Yaena Min

Theses and Dissertations

The work presented in this dissertation focuses on the association between sleep medication use, poor sleep, and falls in community-dwelling adults 65 years or older. Sleep complaints and the consumption of medications to aid sleep are common in older adults. Psychotropic medications, such as sedative hypnotics, are associated with risk of falls in older adults. However, very few studies have assessed the impact of poor sleep and sleep medication use on the risk of falls in community-dwelling older adults. In the first project, a cross-sectional analysis of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) 2010 data was conducted to determine the …

Roles And Regulations For Pharmacists In State-Level Disaster Relief Efforts, Rachel Lowe

Honors Theses

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine what expanded roles have been identified for pharmacists by the states in disaster relief efforts, what regulations currently exist for pharmacists in disaster relief efforts in each state, and whether or not disaster relief and public health training should be added to the pharmacy school curriculum. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used to survey fifty-three boards of pharmacy via email and Qualtrics Survey Software. Results: Analysis of the survey results showed that most states lack a disaster preparedness plan and expanded roles for pharmacists in disaster relief efforts, and most …

The Potential Success Of The F.D.A.'S New Paradigm Based On Community Pharmacists' Opinons, Anna Blair Brown

Honors Theses

For the past 40 years the F. D. A. (Food and Drug Administration) has considered creating a third class of drugs in the United States of America that would be a pharmacist-only class which could only be sold with the approval of a pharmacist. Several things have inhibited its creation, the main one being the Durham-Humphrey Amendment which states that there are only two classes of drugs: prescription and over-the-counter. This has culminated into the development of the F.D.A.'s new paradigm, which is an expansion of the over-the-counter class of drugs to create and O.T.C.+ category. Community Pharmacists were interviewed …

Parent Satisfaction With Diabetes Technology In Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Laura Brooke Carter

Honors Theses

Purpose: To increase glucose control, advanced technologies are being integrated into diabetes self-management in children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Two technologies being adopted is Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII), more commonly known as insulin pumps (pumps) and Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM). The purpose of the study was to better understand the experiences of parents whose T1DM child is using insulin pumps and CGM devices in diabetes self-management. Methods: This study was approved by the University of Mississippi IRB. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of parents in the Mid-South region of the U.S. The local chapters …

Patient Perceptions Of Medication Therapy Management Targeted For Adherence Following The Provision Of Influenza Immunizations By Student Pharmacists: Preliminary Findings, Logan H. Ramsey

Honors Theses

Objective: To examine patients' opinions of clinical pharmacy services, especially Medication Therapy Management (MTM), following the administration of influenza immunization. Methods: The McLean Institute for Public Service and Community Engagement at the University of Mississippi funded a service-learning project for student pharmacists to administer influenza immunizations to medically underserved patients. The project was conducted at a clinic for uninsured patients in Southaven, Mississippi but was open to the public. Patients (n=52) received an influenza immunization followed by a personal medication record during the observation period. Students, under the supervision of a licensed pharmacist, then provided a medication review and Drug …

A Comprehensive Review Of Malaria With An Emphasis On Plasmodium Resistance, Lindsay O. Thomas

Honors Theses

Malaria is a disease that is caused by the Plasmodium genus. It is endemic in tropical areas. There are multiple drugs used for prophylaxis and treatment. However, the parasites have developed resistance towards most antimalarial pharmaceuticals. The pharmaceutical industry is generating new antimalarial pharmaceuticals, but the rate of new Plasmodium resistance is much faster.

Cardiovascular Protective Agents And Their Biochemical Role In Endothelial Cell Senescence, Nicholas Boullard

Honors Theses

Cellular senescence is a slow, biological process of aging that involves the accumulation of various changes to the internal environment of a cell, most notably the buildup of acidic B-galactosidase. These changes, both structural and molecular in nature, disable metabolism of many cellular processes and eventually induce apoptosis. As cells divide, the ends of chromosomes, telomeres, slowly shorten. Once telomere shortening reaches critical levels, those chromosomes may no longer replicate properly, leading to cellular process complication and apoptosis. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that adds nucleotides to telomeres, elongating them and successfully delaying endothelial cell senescence. Endothelial cells serve an …

Dieting For Diabetes: A Mobile 'App'roach, Alaina Brooks Darby

Honors Theses

Diabetes mellitus, being a prevalent disease in modern society, is moderately influenced by one's nutrition. Due to this, mobile programs created especially for tracking food intake can be an important aid for diabetics. The objective of this project was to analyze eight of the most prominent of these applications — MyNetDiary, GoMeals, MyFitnessPal, Fooducate, Lose It!, The Carrot, Diabetes In Check, and Daily Carb — to determine the subsets of diabetics that would benefit most from the utilization of each. Data was obtained through testing of each app and through the information provided by users on iTunes and Google Play …

University Of Mississippi Prepharmacy And Early Entry Students' Professional Commitment And Perceptions Of The Professional Role Of Pharmacists, Blake A. Williams

Honors Theses

Introduction: The profession of pharmacy is now largely focused on patient-centered care, rather than the drug-centered focus of the past. Schools of pharmacy have a vested interest in recruiting student pharmacists who are patient-focused. The purpose of this study is to assess University of Mississippi prepharmacy and Early Entry students' perceptions of the professional role of pharmacists, and to determine if these perceptions are related to student characteristics. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study utilized an online, self-administered survey, administered to prepharmacy and Early Entry students enrolled at the University of Mississippi. The survey included constructs of the theory of planned …

Perceptions Of Health Information On General And Medical Social Media Sites, Brea Hope Rich

Honors Theses

The goal of this thesis is to identify and discuss the public's perception on health information found on general and medical social media sites. To discover this information, a survey was sent to employees of South Tippah School District. It was found that people are more likely to use general social media sites compared to medical social media sites. People are more likely to share medical information than receive information on either type of site. Most people doubt or are uncertain of the credibility of health information on social media sites. The benefit found most in reading or sharing medical …

A Service Learning Experience For Pharmacy Students Involving Unwanted Medication Collection, Patricia L. Darbishire

IMPACT Symposium

This poster outlining a serve learning experience of students in Purdue’s pharmacy program was presented at the IMPACT Symposium 2014.

Identifying Oncogenic Drivers In Nsclc Cells Harboring Egfr Kinase Domain Mutation With Resistance To Egfr Tki And Mesenchymal Phenotype, Yandi Gao

Master's Theses

EGFR kinase domain mutant NSCLC cells are exquisitely dependent on mutant EGFR for cell survival and proliferation. Patients with mutant EGFR respond well to the EGFR inhibitors. However, acquired drug resistance greatly limits the efficacy of the treatment. About 15% of the resistant tumors present an evidence of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). We hypothesize that the induction of mesenchymal promotes aberrant upregulation of other oncogenic drivers to replace the oncogenic mutant EGFR.

We observed overexpression of CXCR7 in NSCLC models of acquired resistance to EGFR TKI with mesenchymal phenotype. Additionally, our studies demonstrate that ectopically overexpressing CXCR7 in EGFR …

Investigation Of Pharmaceutical Mass Transfer Phenomena Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Yi Gao

Dissertations

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation has been widely used in understanding the physical basis of the structure and function of biological macromolecules. However, its application in pharmaceutical research is still at an early stage. This dissertation attempts to establish the use of MD simulation in studying several important pharmaceutical mass transfer processes. The three-series study included (1) the understanding of drug crystal dissolution at molecular level, (2) the elucidation of an unique mechanism for facile polymorphic transformation of crystalline drugs in solutions, and (3) the determination of drug-polymer interactions at water-crystal interface and the implications to crystallization inhibition.

A drug crystal …

Hydropathic Interactions And Protein Structure: Utilizing The Hint Force Field In Structure Prediction And Protein‐Protein Docking., Mostafa H. Ahmed

Theses and Dissertations

Protein structure predication is a field of computational molecular modeling with an enormous potential for improvement. Side-chain geometry prediction is a critical component of this process that is crucial for computational protein structure predication as well as crystallographers in refining experimentally determined protein crystal structures. The cornerstone of side-chain geometry prediction are side-chain rotamer libraries, usually obtained through exhaustive statistical analysis of existing protein structures. Little is known, however, about the driving forces leading to the preference or suitability of one rotamer over another. Construction of 3D hydropathic interaction maps for nearly 30,000 tyrosines extracted from the PDB reveals their …

Synthetic, Sulfated, Lignin-Based Anticoagulants, Akul Mehta

Theses and Dissertations

Chemoenzymatically synthesized low molecular weight lignin polymers have been previously found to be potent inhibitors of a number of serine proteases via allosteric mechanisms targeting heparin binding sites. Herein, we describe the creation of synthetic sulfated β-O4 lignin (SbO4L) polymer, which is more homogenous compared to previous lignins with respect to its inter-monomeric linkage. SbO4L is a selective inhibitor of thrombin and plasmin. SbO4L was found to act via a unique mechanism targeting thrombin exosite 2 in a manner similar to platelet glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα). Advanced hemostasis and thrombosis assays demonstrated that SbO4L acts via a dual mechanism: as an …

Meta-Analysis Of Herbal Cannabis Therapy For Chronic Pain, Michael J. Seneca

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Since the first so-called “medical marijuana” legislation was passed in California in 1996, a total of twenty states and the District of Columbia have passed laws permitting limited use of cannabis. Despite the changes in state laws, cannabis remains illegal for any purpose under federal law. Changes in state laws have coincided with a renewed interest in the substance for the treatment of a variety of conditions. There has been a significant increase in published data over the past twenty years examining the efficacy of cannabis as an appetite stimulant, antiemetic agent, and analgesic adjuvant. The purpose of this meta-analysis …

Electrostatic Charge Effects On Pharmaceutical Aerosol Deposition In Human Nasal-Laryngeal Airways, Jinxiang Xi, Xiuhua Si, Worth Longest

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Electrostatic charging occurs in most aerosol generation processes and can significantly influence subsequent particle deposition rates and patterns in the respiratory tract through the image and space forces. The behavior of inhaled aerosols with charge is expected to be most affected in the upper airways, where particles come in close proximity to the narrow turbinate surface, and before charge dissipation occurs as a result of high humidity. The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the deposition of charged aerosols in an MRI-based nasal-laryngeal airway model. Particle sizes of 5 nm-30 μm and charge levels ranging from neutralized to …

Evaluating Albumin Utilization In A Community-Based Hospital Post-Hetastarch Food And Drug Administration (Fda) Warning, Wilbert Fuerte, Frances Ordieres, Judy Tseng

All Publications

No abstract provided.

Implications Of Dose‐Rounding Intravenous Chemotherapy At A Community‐Based Hospital, Wilbert Fuerte, Omi Gopalani, Judy Tseng

All Publications

No abstract provided.

In Vitro Analysis Of Nanoparticulate Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composites As Potential Drug Delivery Platforms For The Sustained Release Of Antibiotics In The Treatment Of Osteomyelitis, Vuk Uskoković, Tejal A. Dasai

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Nanoparticulate composites of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and chitosan were synthesized by ultrasound-assisted sequential precipitation and characterized for their microstructure at the atomic scale, surface charge, drug release properties, and combined antibacterial and osteogenic response. Crystallinity of HAp nanoparticles was reduced because of the interference of the surface layers of chitosan with the dissolution/reprecipitation-mediated recrystallization mechanism that conditions the transition from the as-precipitated amorphous calcium phosphate phase to the most thermodynamically stable one—HAp. Embedment of 5–10 nm sized, narrowly dispersed HAp nanoparticles within the polymeric matrix mitigated the burst release of the small molecule model drug, fluorescein, bound to HAp by physisorption, …

Bullying In The Clinical Training Of Pharmacy Students, Katherine K. Knapp, Patricia A. Shane, Debra Sasaki-Hill, Keith Yoshizuka, Paul Chan, Thuy Vo

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

Objective. To determine whether bullying is a significant factor in the clinical training of pharmacy students.

Methods. The literature as well as the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) Standards and American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) surveys were reviewed for mention and/or measurement of bullying behaviors in the clinical training of pharmacy students. The authors used a Delphi process to define bullying behavior. The consensus definition was used to analyze 2,087 in-house student evaluations of preceptors for evidence of bullying behaviors. The authors mapped strings of text from in-house student comments to different, established categories of …

Pharmacy Students’ Performance And Perceptions In A Flipped Teaching Pilot On Cardiac Arrhythmias, Terri H. Wong, Eric J. Ip, Ingrid C. Lopes, Vanishree Rajagopalan

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

Objective. To implement the flipped teaching method in a 3-class pilot on cardiac arrhythmias and to assess the impact of the intervention on academic performance and student perceptions.

Design. An intervention group of 101 first-year pharmacy students, who took the class with the flipped teaching method, were supplied with prerecorded lectures prior to their 3 classes (1 class in each of the following subjects: basic sciences, pharmacology, and therapeutics) on cardiac arrhythmias. Class time was focused on active-learning and case-based exercises. Students then took a final examination that included questions on cardiac arrhythmias. The examination scores of the …

Implementation Of An Accelerated Physical Examination Course In A Doctor Of Pharmacy Program, Jackie Ho, Monica K. Bidwal, Ingrid C. Lopes, Bijal M. Shah, Eric J. Ip

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

Objective. To describe the implementation of a 1-day accelerated physical examination course for a doctor of pharmacy program and to evaluate pharmacy students’ knowledge, attitudes, and confi- dence in performing physical examination.

Design. Using a flipped teaching approach, course coordinators collaborated with a physician faculty member to design and develop the objectives of the course. Knowledge, attitude, and confidence survey questions were administered before and after the practical laboratory.

Assessment. Following the practical laboratory, knowledge improved by 8.3% (p,0.0001). Students’ perceived ability and confidence to perform a physical examination significantly improved (p,0.0001). A majority of students responded …

Standardized Field Sobriety Test: False Positive Test Rate Among Sober Subjects, Keith Yoshizuka, Paul J. Perry, Greta Upton, Ingrid C. Lopes, Eric Ip

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

The Standardized Field Sobriety Test (SFST) is a series of exercises that a law enforcement officer gives to a driver suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol. The original research that demonstrated a high correlation between failure of the SFST and a high blood alcohol concentration did not utilize a standard control group to validate that the failure of the SFST was not a characteristic of the population at large. This study examined a series of drug naive subjects to determine the rate of failure of the SFST to accurately distinguish a suspect with high blood alcohol content from …

Cardiolipin Prevents Membrane Translocation And Permeabilization By Daptomycin, Tianhua Zhang, Jawad K. Muraih, Nasim Tishbi, Jennifer Herskowitz, Rachel L. Victor, Jared Silverman, Stephanie Uwumarenogie, Scott D. Taylor, Michael Palmer, Evan Mintzer

Lander College of Arts and Sciences Publications and Research

Daptomycin is an acidic lipopeptide antibiotic that, in the presence of calcium, forms oligomeric pores on membranes containing phosphatidylglycerol. It is clinically used against various Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcusspecies. Genetic studies have indicated that an increased content of cardiolipin in the bacterial membrane may contribute to bacterial resistance against the drug. Here, we used a liposome model to demonstrate that cardiolipin directly inhibits membrane permeabilization by daptomycin. When cardiolipin is added at molar fractions of 10 or 20% to membranes containing phosphatidylglycerol, daptomycin no longer forms pores or translocates to the inner membrane leaflet. Under …