Organisms Commons^™

Foliar Disease Of Wheat, A. G. P. Brown

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Wheat leaf diseases were at much reduced levels in 1984. This may have been caused by prolonged summer rain prematurely setting off dispersal of spores and also initiating microbiological breakdown of stubble residues. No survey was carried out in 1984 but a good indication of the seasonal effect can be gained by noting that in the spray-timing experiment at Badgingarra disease levels were extremely low until the end of August some 90 days after sowing. Timing of fungicide for Septoria and Yellow Spot control. 84BA32, 84GE59. Effect of Yellow-spot at Merredin (with S. Trevenen) 84ME57. Yellow-spot is common though not …

Control Of Black Spot; Peas, Potatoes, Lettuce, Eleanor M. Carter

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Please find attached summaries for all experiments completed as at February 1, 1985. Crop Trial number Title Status Peas - 84MT49 Control of black spot Completed. Potatoes - 84PE25 Varietal susceptibility - Powdery scab Completed 84MD46 Varietal susceptibility to soft rot Erwinia Completed 84PE31 Yield loss and disease damage of potatoes due to Erwinia species Aborted 84MD37, 84PE32, 84PE33: Incidence of soft rot Erwinia in potato/cauliflower rotations Completed 84MN31 Yield loss and disease damage of potatoes due to Erwinia species Continuing 84MN32 Varietal susceptibility to soft rot Erwinia Continuing 84MN33 Incidence of soft rot Erwinia in potato crops Continuing Lettuce …

Pleiochaeta Soil Survey, M Sweetingham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Pleiochaeta soil survey - Moora District, March 1984. 2. Lupin root rot trials - 84A40, 84BA26, 84GE50, 84GE56, 84MO82, 85NO59, 84WH28. 3. Fungicides for Rhizoctonia patch control - 84E25, 84E28. 4. 83WH29 : Effect of rotation on wheat diseases. 5. Root disease in long term wheat-lupin rotation trials - 68E5, 79GE37, 80TS2, 81LG29, 82M26.

Brown Spot Of Lupins, P Mcr Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Fungicide treatment of lupin seed - 84WH34. Effect of cereal stubble treatment on brown spot - 84WH27. Effect of Rovral sprays on brown spot - 84N056, 84NO57. Effect of sowing date and seed treatment - 84BA26, 84WH28. The effect of Rovral seed treatment on brown spot on farmers' lupin crops. Site: Three Springs, Marchagee, North Gabin, Wannamal.

Take-All Of Cereals. Rhizoctonia Patch Of Cereals, G C. Macnish

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Part 1. A. Take all of cereals: Effect of nitrogen sources on take-all. 76LG25 (N = 50kg/ha) 82NE34. 77E4 (N = 25kg/ha). 77MT19 (N = 45 kg/ha). B. RHIZOCTONIA PATCH OF CEREALS: Rhizoctonia patch on lupins - 82E17. Abbreviations used: D - Drilled with seed G.S. - Growth stage based on H. Fisher scale NA - Not available N – Nitrogen P - Phosphorus TA - Take-all TD - Topdressed D.D. - Direct drilled T.D.D. - Triple disc drill As - Ammonium sulphate An - Ammonium nitrate (Agran 34) Sn - Sodium nitrate Ag1 - Agras No. 1 Ag2 - …

Movement Of Bacteria Through Macropores To Ground Water, M. Scott Smith, Grant W. Thomas, Robert E. White

KWRRI Research Reports

Effects of soil type, flow rate, antecedent soil moisture and other factors on transport of E. coli through soils was measured on disturbed and intact columns 20 cm in diameter by 25 to 30 cm in depth. Added E. coli were distinguished from indigenous microbes using an antibiotic resistance marker. Transport of Cl^- and ³H₂O was also measured. Up to 96 percent of the bacteria irrigated onto the surface of intact columns were recovered in the effluent. Soil structure appeared to be related to the extent of transport. Columns prepared from mixed, repacked soil were much …

Barley Foliage Diseases, T N. Khan, K. Brain, M Judges

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

General comments and highlights

Scald: Effect of time of application - 83BA10, 83MT9.

Scald: Effect of rate of fungicide – 83BA11.

Scald: Comparing fungicides – 83BA42.

Scald: Effect of seeding rate – 83BA12, 83MT10.

Scald: Response to fungicide in farmer's field – 83AL18, 83AL81, 83AL82.

Scald: Variation in pathogenicity – 83AB11, 83BA13, 83MT11, 83WH7.

Scald: Cultivar x fungicide in farmer's field – 83LG63.

Net Blotch: Potential yield losses – 83A15, 83BA15, 83WH6.

Net Blotch: Screening new fungicides – 83BA43.

Spot-type net blotch: Potential yield losses – 83C5.

Spot-type net blotch: Sources of resistance - Chapman Research Station, Nabawa.

Powdery mildew …

Lupin Diseases, P Mcr Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Fungicide treatment of lupin seed - 83GE45, 83GE46, 83GE47. Fungicide treatment of lupin seed in polyculture - 83NO48, 83BU21. Levels of Pleiochaeta in different organic fractions - 83AL51 (2 sites). Phomopsis levels on post-harvest samples - 83AL51.

Chemical Efficacy Trials, E Carter

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Please find attached summaries for the following six chemical efficacy trials:- 83PE51 - Control of powdery scab of potatoes. 83MD7 - Control of early blight of tomatoes. 83MD11 - Control of sclerotinia in lettuce. 83MD12 - Control of secondary black rot in cabbage. 83MD13 - Control of tuber-borne Rhizoctonia solari of potatoes. 83MD14 - Control of downy mildew of onions. The following trial has not yet been harvested:- 83MD15 - Chemical control of onion smudge.

Survey Of Fungi Associated With Diseased Lupin Roots, M Sweetingham

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

1. Survey of fungi associated with diseased lupin-roots. Cylindrocarpon was only encountered on the south coast (Albany and Esperance districts). The isolates were identified as c. didymum and c. destructans. At certain sites in the two northern districts (Geraldton and Moora) a distinct type of disorder, characterised by reddish-brown coloured lesions which develop on the below ground portion of the hypocotyl, was observed. 2. Assessment of lupin root disease in lupin permanent disease nurseries – 78WH20, 78BA51, 78C34, 78MT38, 80E21. 3. Effect of fungicide drenches on lupin root rots – 83MT17, 83WH9. 4. Mini plot seed treatment trials on lupins …

Summary Of Medic-Rhizobium Field Experiments, J G. Howieson

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

83ME9 - Nutrition of R. meliloti in acid soil. - Meaningful results only available in 1984/85 Summary of Medic-Rhizobium Field Experiments 1983/84. 83ME87 - Effect of pH of culture conditions on survival in, and colonisation of, an acid soil by R. meliloti. - Meaningful results available 1984/85. (82ME22, 82ME22A, 82ME23) Survival and colonisation of acid soils by 18 strains of R. meliloti in association with 6 Medicago hosts. - Results discussed in this summary.

Summary Of Experimental Results 1982., M J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Cercospora disease of sub-clover fungicidal control of cercospora disease on sub-clover. 82M04, 82M05. Aim: To determine the efficacy of several fungicides in controlling Cercospora disease of subterranean clover. 82AL19, 82BU2. Aim: To test the effectiveness of various seed treatments for controlling seed-borne and soil-borne damping-off and root rot causing fungi so as to allow successful stand establishment in root rot affected areas. Rapeseed, yield losses from white leaf spot. 82MT4. Aim: To determine the yield losses from white leaf spot and grey stem (Pseudocercosporella capsellae) on a range of rapeseed varieties.Rapeseed effect of fungicides on white leaf spot of rapeseed. …

Foliar Diseases Of Wheat., A. G.P. Brown

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Leaf diseases in the wheatbelt. Fungicides to control Septoria nodorum. Fungicide rate. Fungicides on yellow spot. Effect of stubble residues on septoria. Septoria: economic control on farm crops. 82Ba38 82BA37

Plant Viruses., G. D. Mclean, L. K. Price, J. A. Weir, J. M. Allen, P. Fievez, P. A. Portmann, R. J. Mclean, J. D. Sandow

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Clover viruses, 82ES38, 82AL47, 82MA19, 82BR19, 82BY29; 82BU5, 82HA9. Lupin virus, diseases. Barley yellow dwarf virus, 82AL46, 82AL51, 82B10, 82BA33, 82BR16, 82BR18, 82C29, 82E27, 82ES37, 82ES40, 82JE19, 82JE20, 82KA33, 82KA34, 82ABI3, 82MA18, 82MN22, 82MT34, 82NA32, 82WH28,82B8, 82MN17, 82E24, 82MT30, 82E25, 82MN18, 82MT31, 82B9, 82ABI2, 82BA31, 82C26, 82JE17, 82WH27, 82AL45, 82BR17, 82ES39, 82MA1, 82MA117, 82MT33,

Diseases Of Lupins And Lupinosis., P M. Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin diseases, 82 TS 30, 82 TS 29, 82 TS 28, 82 GE 24, 82 ME 45, 82 ME 46, 82 BR 20,

Loose Smut Of Barley. Sub-Clover Root Rot. Rapeseed Diseases., M. J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Loose smut of barley. Fungicidal control of loose smut in barley – 81MT31, 81NA29. Sub-clover root rot. Fungicidal control of pythium sp – 81AL37, 81BU3. Rapeseed diseases. 1. Rapeseed varieties/Lancelin blackleg strain – 81MO24. 2. Rapeseed varieties/Sclerotinia disease – 81MT32. 3. White leaf spot and grey stem of rapeseed – 81MT33.

Barley Disease, Scald, Spot Type Net Blotch, Powdery Mildew, Leaf Diseases, Double Cropping, Resistance Of Cvt Barley, T N. Khan

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

I. Barley disease survey and an unidentified disorder on forrest barley. II. Scald: crop loss assessment – 81BA20, 81A17, 81MT23, 81WH30, 81A17, 81BA20, 81MT23, 81WH30, III. Scald: epidemics in simulated populations segregating for scald resistance – 81BA22, 81MT25, 81BA22, 81MT25. IV. Scald: reactions in single plant and hill plots – 81MT24, 81MT21, 81BA21, V. Spot type net blotch: crop loss assessment – 81C17. VI. Net blotch: effect of grazing on infection levels – 81A20. VII. Powdery mildew: crop loss assessment – 81PE5. VIII. Value of whole plot scores in assessing leaf diseases. IX. Disease and yield in simulated double cropping …

Growth Regulator Trials. Part 1, M W. Perry, R N. Weir

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

This summary covers 1981 trials on chlormequat plant growth regulant (formulated as Cycocel 750A or Halloween), ECO organic seed dressing and a range of organic foliar sprays. Rates and times of application of chlormequat on wheat. 81A22, 81BA3, 81Cl8, 81E25, 81M22, 81MT2, 81N4, 81SG36, 81WH4. Effects of chlormequat on wheat varieties (S4 trials). 81A6, 81BA7, 81C6, 81E6, 81M9, 81M13, 81MT9, 81N10, 81SG26, 81WH19. Trials comparing organic seed treatments, organic foliar sprays and plant growth regulators. 81WH61, 81LG34, 81LG48, 81ME27a, 81ME276, 81TS39, 81ES51, 81ES52, 81ES53, 81ES54, 81NA57, 81N4A, 81MT2A, 81TS38A. H. McCashney, Cadoux Un-numbered, Newdegate Research Station.

Legume Diseases, P Mcr Wood

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin root disorder. Resistance to lupins to Phomopsis leptostromiformis (Fungal ratings by P. McR. Wood and F.M. O'Donnell, data compiled by J. Hamblin, Plant Production Division) Phomopsis levels on any particular genotype are influenced by environment. Therefore material selected for Phomopsis resistance is done so on its being better than average over all sites. Data for the Plant Breeders' S2-l trial at Avondale (ARS), Badgingarra (BRS), Chapman (CRS), Esperance (ERS) and Mt. Barker (MTRS) are shown in Table 3.

1979 Summary Of Experiments, T N. Khan

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

79MT22 Mid season sown experiment, Mt Barker 79BA25 crop loss assessment trials, Badgingarra 79MT49 scoring system for leaf diseases, Mt Barker 79BA24 Inter-plot interference at various distances in Net Blotch, Badginarra Research Station 79WH17 Inter-plot interference at various distances in Net Blotch, Wongan Hills Research Station 79BA21 Inter-plot interference at various distances in Barley Scald, Badgingarra Research Station 79MT23 Inter-plot interference at various distances in Barley Scald, Mt Barker Research Station 79BA53 Scald nursery, Badgingarra 79BA54 Net Blotch nursery, Badgingarra 79WH52 Net Blotch nursery, Wongan Hills 79BA20 Crop loss assessment, Badgingarra Research Station 79BA22 Evaluating differences in field reaction of …

Summary Of 1975 Field Experiments With Advisers: "Rape Blackleg Disease Fungicide Trials", M J. Barbetti

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

During 1973 and 1974 a large range of fungicide spray and seed treatment schedules were tested. The 1973 results were, on the whole, not very encouraging, but the very early post-germination spray, two weeks after germination, did indicate a possible means of control. In view of the 1973 results, in the 1974 trials fungicidal sprays were applied early, and a new method of application of fungicide to the seed, known as "prilling" was used. Using fungicide seed prills and seedless fungicide prills the idea was to have the fungicide mixed with materials which dispersed upon wetting, so releasing and making …

Time And Rate, Comparative Fungicide, Fungicide Application Method Trial, Clover Scorch Economy Demonstrations, A Bokor

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Time and Rate Trial 75AL33 Comparative Fungicide Trial 75AL34. Fungicide Application Method Trial 75D8. Clover Scorch Economy Demonstrations 75AL35.

A Study Of Naturally Occurring Algicides Produced By Freshwater Algae, Denny O. Harris, Harry D. Caldwell

KWRRI Research Reports

The mode of action of the algicide produced by Pandorina morum was examined by exposing Volvox globator and isolates spinach chloroplasts to a partially purified algicide preparation. Oxygen evolution of Volvox, whole chloroplasts and broken chloroplasts (minus the Calvin cycle),was reduced indicating that the algicide inhibits the light reactions of photosynthesis. Oxygen evolution studies of other Volvocaceae confirmed the observation that Pandorina morum is not significantly influenced by its own inhibitor. Molecular weight approximation by gel filtration established that the inhibitor has a low molecular weight (probably below 100 mw). Field studies indicate that this algicide has tremendous potential as …

Metabolic Capabilities Of Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria And Their Role In Water Pollution, M. I. H. Aleem

KWRRI Research Reports

This report describes investigations into the physiology of microorganisms that are commonly involved in the oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds. The metabolic activities of these bacteria play a potent role in several fields of economic importance such as strip mining operations, water pollution, corrosion, metallurgy, petroleum technology and soil fertility processes.

The oxidation of inorganic sulfur compounds was studied in the chemolithotrophs Thiobacillus denitrificans, Thiobacillus A₂, Thiobacillus neapolitanus, and a photolithotroph Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Cell suspensions from all of the thiobacilli catalyzed completely the oxidation of sulfide, thiosulfate, and sulfite to sulfate. The oxidation of thiosulfate in R. palustris …

A Study Of Water-Soluble Inhibitory Compounds (Algicides) Produced By Fresh-Water Algae, Denny O. Harris, Manhar C. Parekh

KWRRI Research Reports

A complex system of growth inhibitors was observed in the green algae (Volvocaceae). Inhibitors were found in the culture filtrates of some genera which limit their own growth (autoinhibitors) while others in the family produce substances which check the growth of other genera (heteroinhibitors). These inhibitors were destroyed by autoclaving. It was decided that Pandorina morum, which produced the strongest inhibitor and Volvox tertius, the most sensitive to the inhibitor would make an excellent model system for a study of the chemical and physical properties of these naturally occurring algicides. The algicide could be removed from actively growing cultures about …

Carbon And Nitrogen As Regulators Of Algal Growth In Treated Sewage, Edward G. Foree, Charles Reece Scroggin

KWRRI Research Reports

Continuous flow algal cultures were grown under three different growth conditions using secondary sewage treatment plant effluent as the growth medium. The only variable within each run was the hydraulic residence time. The concentrations of growth regulating nutrients were varied between the runs so comparisons of the algal mass, composition, nutrient uptake, and genera could be made. The importance of CO₂ availability for algal growth was also studied. A kinetic theory which based algal growth on cellular nutrient concentration was verified. The second phase of the study was a batch culture study in which the same growth medium was …

Factors Regulating The Growth Of Algae In Continuous Culture In Diluted Secondary Sewage Treatment Plant Effluent And Subsequent Biodegradability, Edward G. Foree, Caroline P. Wade

KWRRI Research Reports

Heterogeneous algal cultures were grown in laboratory continuous culture in continuous flow, completely mixed chemostats in secondary sewage treatment plant effluent diluted to give an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 10 mg/1. Variables were lighting, pH, carbon dioxide availability, and hydraulic residence time.

Optimum growth occurred under pH 7.0, excess CO₂, and continuous lighting conditions. The availability of artificially supplied excess CO₂ greatly increased the mass (standing crop) at steady-state over that produced under otherwise identical conditions for all residence times studied. For the case of excess CO₂ availability, the nitrogen concentration in the algal cells regulated …

Metabolic Role Of Sulfates And Sulfides Producing Bacteria In Pollution Of Waters, M. I. H. Aleem

KWRRI Research Reports

Cytochrome transport particles from Nitrobacter catalyzed nitrite, ascorbate as well as NADH oxidation with concomitant phosphate esterification yielding P/0 ratios of 1.0, 0.6 and 2.0 respectively. Phosphorylation coupled to nitrite oxidation was not effected by rotenone, amytal or antimycin while 50 and 70% inhibition of the NADH-linked phosphorylation was observed in the presence of HOQNO and rotenone respectively. Cell-free extracts from Nitrobacter also catalyzed an energy-dependent reduction of NAD⁺ by nitrite. The reduction of cytochrome c by NŌ₂ was energy-dependent which involved the reversal of electrons from cytochrome a₁. The subsequent energy-linked reduction of the flavoproteins …

Algal Growth And Decomposition: Effects On Water Quality, Phase Ii, Edward G. Foree, Ronald L. Barrow

KWRRI Research Reports

The decomposition and associated nutrient regeneration of three unialgal cultures and one mixed culture containing an indigenous population of bacteria and microscopic animals were studied under dark, constant temperature laboratory conditions. After periods of nutrient-deficient growth ranging from O to 30 days, these cultures were inoculated with decomposer populations and subjected to anaerobic and aerobic environments for the decomposition studies. The extend of decomposition was determined from the percentage volatile suspended solids and percentage particulate COD remaining after 200 days of decomposition. The average extent of decomposition was greater for aerobic than for anaerobic conditions. However, significant portions of the …

Algal Growth And Decomposition: Effects On Water Quality, Edward G. Foree, John S. Tapp Jr.

KWRRI Research Reports

The chemical composition of algae grown in batch culture depends mainly on environmental conditions, nutrient availability, presence of predators, cell age, and species. The effects of nutrient availability and cell age on the composition of three unialgal cultures (algae + bacteria) and one hetergeneous culture (algae + bacteria + microscopic animals) were evaluated. The cultures were grown in batch culture under both nutrient-abundant and nutrient deficient conditions and the changes in compositions were observed. Luxurious uptake where nutrients are incorporated into cellular protoplasm at levels greater than those necessary for growth, and super-luxurious uptake, where some nutrients are stored rather …