Nursing Midwifery Commons^™

A Pilot Study Exploring Nursing Knowledge Of Depression And Suicidal Ideation In Kenya, Timothy Muga, Gladys Mbuthia, Samwel Gatimu, Rachel Rossiter

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Nurses play key roles in recognizing, diagnosing, managing, and referring persons with mental disorders. This cross-sectional study assessed mental health literacy (depression and suicidal ideation) among nurses in a private urban referral hospital in Kenya. Nurses read a vignette and answered questions regarding diagnosis, treatment/interventions, and related attitudes and beliefs. Thirty-seven nurses (12 males) completed the questionnaire. Three correctly identified the diagnosis and 23 identified depression only. Although 75% noted the symptoms were extremely distressing, fear, and stigma were common reactions. This highlights challenges in mental health promotion/prevention in Kenya, and suggests continuous nursing education and curriculum enhancement is needed.

Health In Surroundings: Application Of The Theory Of Environment In Nursing Practice, Nasreen Rafiq

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Nursing practices are guided by theoretical frameworks which provide functional basis to nursing care. This paper discusses the application of Nightingale’s theory of environment in nursing practices. The theory highlights and explains 13 environmental cannons which include ventilation, cleanliness of walls/rooms, light, noise, personal cleanliness, bed and bedding, and taking food. Florence exquisitely explains the influence of environmental health on patients wellbeing. The application of the theory in nursing practices will help to understand and reflect the direct relation of environment on patients health.

Physicians’ And Nurses’ Perspectives On The Importance Of Advance Directives In Tertiary Care Hospitals, Nasreen Panjwani, Raisa B. Gul, Fauziya Ali, Robyna Irshad Khan

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Objective: This study aimed to explore and identify the nurses’ and physicians’ views about Advance Directives and identified their perspectives on its importance, in the context of Pakistan.
Methodology: Using a purposive sample, six physicians and seven nurses from two tertiary care hospitals in Karachi participated in the study. Data was collected using semi structured interviews that were transcribed verbatim. The interviews were coded and categorized manually. Analysis of the data drew four categories: roles of physicians and nurses in the End of life care, challenges they faced while taking end of life care decisions; their perspectives about Advance Directives, …

Journey Interrupted: A Phenomenological Exploration Of Miscarriage, Marit A. Watson, Vanessa D. Jewell, Sarah L. Smith

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Miscarriage is a significant life event that impacts occupational performance, identity, and competence and that influences perceptions of motherhood. Because of the lack of social rituals often attributed to the death of a loved one, miscarriages may result in disenfranchised grief, which impedes coping.

Methods: This phenomenological study explored the impact of miscarriage on relationships, perceptions of motherhood, and the meaning of occupation in the context of grief. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews (N = 4) and completion of a brief demographic questionnaire. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and reviewed to ensure accuracy. Using inductive thematic …

Dose-Response Of Cotton Dust Exposure With Lung Function Among Textile Workers: Multitex Study In Karachi, Pakistan, Naureen Akber Ali, Asaad Ahmed Nafees, Zafar Fatmi, Iqbal Azam Syed

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: Cotton dust exposure among textile mill workers lead to impaired lung function. However, only few studies have investigated the dose-response relationship between cotton dust and lung function.
Objective: To determine the dose-response relationship between cotton dust exposure and lung function among textile workers.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2016 and included 303 adult male textile workers from spinning and weaving sections of 5 mills in Karachi, Pakistan. We collected data through a translated version of the American Thoracic Society respiratory questionnaire (ATS-DLD-78A) and using spirometry. Mill-level airborne cotton dust was measured …

Determinants Of Inadequate Provision And Utilization Of Post Abortion Care Services In Pakistan, Marina Baig, Kiran Mubeen

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Access to safe abortion services remain a challenge in many low and middle income countries like Pakistan. Evidence suggests that Pakistan shares a huge burden of abortion related morbidities and mortalities. Timely provision of Post Abortion Care (PAC) services could assist in preventing maternal deaths associated with unsafe abortions. However, there are certain socio-cultural, financial and political factors that restricts the provision and utilization of effective PAC services. This paper explores these determinants and suggest recommendations for policy and practice to promote PAC services in Pakistan.

Asian Midwifery In 2018, Rafat Jan, Edwin Van Teijlingen

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

No abstract provided.

Relationship Of Family Members’ Support With Practice Of Community Midwives In Rural Sindh, Pakistan, Farida Shah, Farhana Shahid, Jamila Haider, Syfoor Ali, Bibi Ara, Misri Bano

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Background: Pakistan has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world. Community Midwives (CMWs) were introduced in 2006 as a new cadre of birth attendants who would bring midwifery services to rural areas by being based in designated communities. The CMWs face many obstacles and retaining them in practice is a challenge. This study aimed to examine whether there was a relationship between family support and CMWs retention in midwifery practice. We hoped to learn about influences on retention that might improve the Maternal Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) programme.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted in …

Gender Inequalities And Childbearing: A Qualitative Study Of Two Maternity Units In Nepal, Lesley Milne, Jillian C M Ireland Ms, Edwin Van Teijlingen, Vanora Hundley, Padam P. Simkhada

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

The role and status of women in South Asian countries like Nepal are widely recognised to be lower than that of men. This gender inequality can be found throughout all levels of society. Our study is about the influence of gender on pregnancy and childbirth, which are very much in the female domain in South Asia, both at home and in health facilities.
A mixed-method, qualitative research study was undertaken in two birthing facilities in Kathmandu Valley to examine barriers to women accessing these services from the perspective of hospital staff. Thematic analysis identified seven subthemes related to gender, namely: …

Physical And Psychological Violence Against Married Men In District Dir (Lower), Khyber Pukhtoonkhwa, Pakistan, Hizbullah Khan, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Aamir Abdullah, Shadbehr Shahid

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.

A Qualitative Exploration Ofdoctors And Nurses Experienceson The Management Of Tubercu-Losis And Hiv Co-Infection In Atuberculosis-Hiv High Burdencommunity In Northernkwazulu-Natal, South Africa, Mbuso Mabuza, Constance Shumba

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

South Africa is faced with a huge challenge of addressing the high burden of tuberculosis-human immune virus (TBHIV) co-infection, and this challenge is more pronounced in the province of KwaZulu-Natal which has one of the highest burdens of TB-HIV co-infection in the world. The study explored the experiences of doctors and nurses with regard to the management of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection in a TB-HIV high burden community in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The particular focus was to provide insight and to inform policy and programme development for effective management of TB-HIV co-infection in the TB-HIV high burden community of …

Children’S Perspectives Of Their Psychosocial Wellbeing In Tanzanian Orphanages, Agnes Msoka, Eleanor Holroyd

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

The aim of this study was to explore factors affecting the wellbeing of institutionalized orphaned children in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A descriptive qualitative study was used to collect data from Tanzanian orphaned children receiving orphanage care. Purposive sampling was employed to select 10 orphanage centers from which 123 orphaned children were recruited. A semi-structured interview guide relevant to the study objectives was developed from the literature and was used to guide the focus group interviews. Data was analysed by way of thematic analysis. There were 76 male and 47 female orphans; orphans without one or both parents were 87 …

Book Review: Surrogacy: A Human Rights Violation By Renate Klein, Sheela Saravanan

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

No abstract provided.

Motivation: An Integral Part Towards Job Satisfaction Among Nurses, Nasreen Panjwani

School of Nursing & Midwifery

World over, there has been a dearth of nursing staff in hospitals. It has been observed that our most precious asset – „A Nurse‟ is disappointed with the working conditions in the hospital settings and intends to quit her profession which she chose with a lot of enthusiasm. A multi-component approach rather than a single strategy would work to create the milieu of job satisfaction. Efforts need to be made to motivate employees for Hygiene factors (extrinsic factors), such as good working conditions and interpersonal relations focus on dissatisfaction and promote satisfaction among the employees, and motivators (intrinsic factors) such …

Maternal Obesity And Fetal Macrosomia: An Integrative Review Of The Literature Regarding Interventions, Charity Stalcup

Senior Honors Theses

Research suggests pre-pregnancy obesity is associated with an increased risk of macrosomia in the newborn. Since women are expected to gain weight during pregnancy, the standard recommendation of weight loss for obesity is not ideal for this population. In this systematic review of the literature regarding interventions for maternal obesity to reduce fetal macrosomia, 149 articles were screened using three different databases to identify recent randomized controlled trials related to this topic. A total of 11 full text articles were analyzed and included in the review. The articles addressed nutritional, lifestyle, and pharmacological interventions. The results indicated there is currently …

Experiences Of The Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy At A Public Hospital Peshawar Pakistan, Gulzar Habibullah, Raisa Raisa, Shanaz Hussein Cassum, Rehana Elahi

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of female breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) in a public hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan.
Methods: This study employed a descriptive exploratory method. A purposive sample of 14 breast cancer women undergoing RT was selected for this study. Data were collected over the period of 5 months, using a semi-structured interview guide and conducting in-depth face-to-face interviews. These interviews were audio taped and transcribed by a bilingual transcriber. The translated version of the interview was coded, and the analysis was done manually.
Results: Four main categories emerged from data analysis, which were: …

Faculty Perception About Active Learning Strategies: A Cross Sectional Survey, Shams Ul Huda, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Shanaz Hussein Cassum, Kashmira Nanji, Jehanzaib Khan Yousafzai

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: Nursing education in Pakistan has evolved over the last two decades, and it has shifted from the traditional three-year diploma program to the baccalaureate degree program. However, still traditional learning strategies are used in teachings ineffective in producing quality graduates; hence these graduates lack the necessary skills to face the challenges, diversity, and the dynamics of complex nursing care in Pakistan.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the perception of faculty members and barriers in the utilization of Active Learning (AL) strategies at undergraduate nursing degree programs in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province Pakistan.
Methods: Cross Sectional …

We Need Higher Education: Voice Of Nursing Administration From Kabul, Afghanistan, Wais M. Qarani, Rafat Jan, Khwaja M. I. Saeed, Laila Khymani

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Aim: To explore the educational profile of nursing managers and head nurses at public hospitals in Kabul, Afghanistan.
Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed.
Method: A self-administered pre-tested questionnaire was used to recruit 86 nursing managers and head nurses from 17 public hospitals in Kabul. SPSS version 19 was used to analyze and report the data through descriptive statistics.
Results: It was found that, none of the participant was prepared with higher education in nursing; rather they had only diploma in nursing; and 84.9% of them had completed their nursing diploma before 2002.; 11.6% of participants were currently …

Jam – Winter 2018, Edwin Van Teijlingen, Rafat Jan

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Supportive Care On Chemotherapy Patients' Self-Care Behaviour And Satisfaction: A Pilot Study Conducted In Karachi, Pakistan, Salima Shams, Adnan Jabbar, Kashmira Nanji, Rafat Jan, Ambreen Tharani

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background and aim: Cancer is a daunting illness affecting a vast number of people globally. During the illness trajectory, cancer patients suffer from physical and/or psychosocial issues. These physical and psychosocial issues demand conscious actions by patients to maintain their well-being. Hence, the objective of the pilot study was to evaluate the level of self-care behaviors and satisfaction in women suffering from cancer after exposure to supportive care (education and mind diversion activities) delivered via a patient help group program.
Methods: The study was conducted at the chemotherapy day care unit of one of the tertiary care hospitals …

What’S In A Name: Performance Improvement, Evidence-Based Practice, And Research?, Andrea Prentiss, Eve Butler

Nursing & Health Sciences Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Perceptions Of Nursing Students Of Educational Environment At A Private Undergraduate School Of Nursing In Karachi, Salima Farooq, Rehana Rehman, Jacqueline Maria Dias, Mehwish Hussain

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Ojective: To assess educational environment at a nursing school..
Methods: The cross-sectional survey was carried out from May to October 2016 at Aga Khan University School of Nursing and Midwifery, Karachi, using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure tool. The scores were obtained by merging five sub-scales of the inventory. The average scores of the scale and sub-scales were compared in terms of age, year of study, and living status using Mann-Whitney U test, and among years of study by Kruskal Wallis test..
Results: Of the 442 students, 228(51.6%) had age below 20 years. Overall, 131(29.1%) subjects were in the …

Managing Ambiguity: Nurses Caring For The Mother Of A Stillborn Baby, Natasha J. Nurse

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe and conceptualize the experiences and processes involved when labor and delivery nurses provide care to women experiencing a stillbirth.

Background: The care of a woman experiencing a stillbirth is an important topic that requires attention, however, there is a paucity of literature on the specifics of a nurse’s experience as she or he cares for a grieving mother. These experiences may shed light on gaps in care that may exist as well as gaps in the resources, education and support needed to appropriately prepare nurses for providing care …

Factors Affecting Effective Ventilation During Newborn Resuscitation: A Qualitative Study Among Midwives In Rural Tanzania, R. Moshiro, H. L. Ersdal, P. Mdoe, H. L. Kidanto, Columba Mbekenga

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Intrapartum-related hypoxia accounts for 30% of neonatal deaths in Tanzania. This has led to the introduction and scaling-up of the Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) programme, which is a simulation-based learning programme in newborn resuscitation skills. Studies have documented ineffective ventilation of non-breathing newborns and the inability to follow the HBB algorithm among providers.

Objective: This study aimed at exploring barriers and facilitators to effective bag mask ventilation, an essential component of the HBB algorithm, during actual newborn resuscitation in rural Tanzania.

Methods: Eight midwives, each with more than one year’s working experience in the labour ward, were interviewed individually …

Menstrual Cycle As A Vital Sign, Lauren Elizabeth Bennett, Lisa M. Brown

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine and explore which factors affect the menstrual cycle and how the menstrual cycle has a significant health impact on women’s lives. Theoretical framework: Dorothea Orem, with the Orem Model of Nursing is patient driven. Orem’s beliefs are based on promoting life processes, modes of functioning within health and disease, growth and development, and movement within space. Learning about menstrual cycles and fertility, achieving or preventing pregnancy, delivering a baby, and becoming a mother are all comprised of multiple journeys that are intertwined within one another in women’s health. Research articles: Twenty-two …

Identifying Barriers To Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Usage Among Adolescents, Emily Kathleen Davis, Viktoryia Petrusevich

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although LARC methods including IUDs and implants are highly effective in preventing pregnancies and both the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend it for adolescents as a first-line choice given their efficacy, safety, and ease of use, its utilization by sexually active adolescents remains low. The purpose of this critical literature review was to identify what barriers to LARC impact utilization and continuation rates among adolescents and young women.

The Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes Of Utilizing Nitrous Oxide For Labor Analgesia, Joy L. Sayler

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Inhaled nitrous oxide has been used in many developing countries for labor analgesia but fell out of practice in the United States over the past 40 years. Recently it has been reintroduced into practice in the U.S. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the literature in order to determine the maternal and neonatal effects of utilizing nitrous oxide for labor analgesia. Methods: Twenty research articles were critically reviewed in order to determine the maternal and neonatal effects of utilizing nitrous oxide for labor analgesia. Results: Nitrous oxide appears to be safe for both mother and …

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy A Treatment For Postpartum Depression, Lindsay Anne Nelson

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background/Purpose:The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the literature in order to determine whether or not cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective intervention in the prevention and/or treatment of postpartum depression. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework used for this paper was Cheryl Tantano Beck’s theory, Teetering on the Edge: A Substantive Theory of Postpartum Depression. Beck’s theory was phenomenological study of the lived experiences of women suffering from postpartum depression. Beck identified a four stage process of postpartum depression encompassing a loss of control. The four stages included: (1) Encountering Terror; (2) Dying of Self, (3) Struggling to …

Academic Incivility In Modern Generation Of Nursing Students, Laila Akber Cassum

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Incivility in nursing academia and workplace is one of the emerging and complex issues in recent years, and can have substantial consequences on the organizational benchmark as well as on the teaching and learning milieu of the institution. Growth of academic incivility among the modern and diversified generation of students can have a profound destructive impact on their academic life and professional career. Impolite and discourteous attitude and behavior in a classroom atmosphere can originate from the learners as well the teachers, which can significantly impact the critical thinking and learning outcomes of the learner. This matter needs to be …

Impact Of Divorce On Students’ Life, Laila Akber Cassum

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Tensions and anxiety is the common phenomena among the students of modern generation. These students go through stress due to personal, psychosocial, familial and academic matters. Some of the common ones which substantially impact their lives like family disputes, academic challenges, parental conflicts, financial concerns, social isolation and interpersonal matters, parental separation and divorce, separation from family and reduced support system. Untiring conflicts between the parents weakens the lifelong marriage contract to the verge of break down where both the life partners determines to go for the option of divorce. This creates traumatic and nerve wracking atmosphere at home and …