Urology Commons^™

Anesthetic Management Of Renal Cell Carcinoma With Level 3 Inferior Vena Cava Extension In A Patient With Severe Coronary Artery Disease, Kyle R Gashler, Alan K Ritchie, Ryan Hood, Stephanie O Ibekwe

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

A 49-year-old male with untreated type 2 diabetes and a family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) presented with right flank pain and profound progressive dyspnea on exertion to the emergency department of Ben Taub Hospital, a tertiary county hospital. Workup revealed right renal cell carcinoma with metastatic extension into the inferior vena cava (IVC). In addition, the patient had significant CAD with 95% occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery amenable to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). After multidisciplinary discussions involving cardiovascular anesthesiology, cardiology, urology, and cardiothoracic surgery, it was estimated that the mortality benefit of immediate tumor …

Short-Course Therapy For Urinary Tract Infections In Children: The Scout Randomized Clinical Trial, Theoklis Zaoutis, Nader Shaikh, Brian T Fisher, Susan E Coffin, Sonika Bhatnagar, Kevin J Downes, Jeffrey S Gerber, Timothy R Shope, Judith M Martin, Gysella B Muniz, Michael Green, Jennifer P Nagg, Sage R Myers, Rakesh D Mistry, Shawn O'Connor, Walter Faig, Stephen Black, Elizabeth Rowley, Kellie Liston, Alejandro Hoberman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: There is a paucity of pediatric-specific comparative data to guide duration of therapy recommendations in children with urinary tract infection (UTI).

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of standard-course and short-course therapy for children with UTI.

DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS: The Short Course Therapy for Urinary Tract Infections (SCOUT) randomized clinical noninferiority trial took place at outpatient clinics and emergency departments at 2 children's hospitals from May 2012, through, August 2019. Data were analyzed from January 2020, through, February 2023. Participants included children aged 2 months to 10 years with UTI exhibiting clinical improvement after 5 days of antimicrobials.

INTERVENTION: Another …

Association Between Antibiotic Prophylaxis Before Cystectomy Or Stent Removal And Infection Complications: A Systematic Review, Luca Antonelli, Kirby Sebro, Abdelilah Lahmar, Peter C Black, Saum Ghodoussipour, Jill M Hamilton-Reeves, Jay Shah, Jensen Bente Thoft, Seth Paul Lerner, Carlos Llorente, Ilaria Lucca, Mark A Preston, Sarah P Psutka, John P Sfakianos, Susanne Vahr Lauridsen, Stephen B Williams, James Catto, Hooman Djaladat, Wassim Kassouf, Katherine Loftus, Siamak Daneshmand, Christian D Fankhauser

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context: Patients undergoing radical cystectomy frequently suffer from infectious complications, including urinary tract infections (UTIs) and surgical site infections (SSIs) leading to emergency department visits, hospital readmission, and added cost.

Objective: To summarize the literature regarding perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, ureteric stent usage, and prevalence of infectious complications after cystectomy.

Evidence acquisition: A systematic review of PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and reference lists was conducted.

Evidence synthesis: We identified 20 reports including a total of 55 306 patients. The median rates of any infection, UTIs, SSIs, and bacteremia were 40%, 20%, 11%, and 6%, respectively. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis differed substantially between …

Evidence Of Novel Susceptibility Variants For Prostate Cancer And A Multiancestry Polygenic Risk Score Associated With Aggressive Disease In Men Of African Ancestry, Fei Chen, Ravi K Madduri, Alex A Rodriguez, Burcu F Darst, Alisha Chou, Xin Sheng, Anqi Wang, Jiayi Shen, Edward J Saunders, Suhn K Rhie, Jeannette T Bensen, Sue A Ingles, Rick A Kittles, Sara S Strom, Benjamin A Rybicki, Barbara Nemesure, William B Isaacs, Janet L Stanford, Wei Zheng, Maureen Sanderson, Esther M John, Jong Y Park, Jianfeng Xu, Ying Wang, Sonja I Berndt, Chad D Huff, Edward D Yeboah, Yao Tettey, Joseph Lachance, Wei Tang, Christopher T Rentsch, Kelly Cho, Benjamin H Mcmahon, Richard B Biritwum, Andrew A Adjei, Evelyn Tay, Ann Truelove, Shelley Niwa, Thomas A Sellers, Kosj Yamoah, Adam B Murphy, Dana C Crawford, Alpa V Patel, William S Bush, Melinda C Aldrich, Olivier Cussenot, Gyorgy Petrovics, Jennifer Cullen, Christine M Neslund-Dudas, Mariana C Stern, Zsofia Kote-Jarai, Koveela Govindasami, Michael B Cook, Anand P Chokkalingam, Ann W Hsing, Phyllis J Goodman, Thomas J Hoffmann, Bettina F Drake, Jennifer J Hu, Jacob M Keaton, Jacklyn N Hellwege, Peter E Clark, Mohamed Jalloh, Serigne M Gueye, Lamine Niang, Olufemi Ogunbiyi, Michael O Idowu, Olufemi Popoola, Akindele O Adebiyi, Oseremen I Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Hafees O Ajibola, Mustapha A Jamda, Olabode P Oluwole, Maxwell Nwegbu, Ben Adusei, Sunny Mante, Afua Darkwa-Abrahams, James E Mensah, Halimatou Diop, Stephen K Van Den Eeden, Pascal Blanchet, Jay H Fowke, Graham Casey, Anselm J Hennis, Alexander Lubwama, Ian M Thompson, Robin Leach, Douglas F Easton, Michael H Preuss, Ruth J Loos, Susan M Gundell, Peggy Wan, James L Mohler, Elizabeth T Fontham, Gary J Smith, Jack A Taylor, Shiv Srivastava, Rosaline A Eeles, John D Carpten, Adam S Kibel, Luc Multigner, Marie-Élise Parent, Florence Menegaux, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin, Eric A Klein, Caroline Andrews, Timothy R Rebbeck, Laurent Brureau, Stefan Ambs, Todd L Edwards, Stephen Watya, Stephen J Chanock, John S Witte, William J Blot, J Michael Gaziano, Amy C Justice, David V Conti, Christopher A Haiman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Genetic factors play an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) susceptibility.

OBJECTIVE: To discover common genetic variants contributing to the risk of PCa in men of African ancestry.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a meta-analysis of ten genome-wide association studies consisting of 19378 cases and 61620 controls of African ancestry.

OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Common genotyped and imputed variants were tested for their association with PCa risk. Novel susceptibility loci were identified and incorporated into a multiancestry polygenic risk score (PRS). The PRS was evaluated for associations with PCa risk and disease aggressiveness.

RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Nine …

Bladder-Sparing Treatment In Patients With Bacillus Calmette-Guerin-Unresponsive Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: An Analysis Of Long-Term Survival Outcomes, Wei Shen Tan, Valentina Grajales, Roberto Contieri, Patrick Hensley, Kelly Bree, Pavlos Msaouel, Charles C Guo, Graciela M Nogueras-Gonzalez, Neema Navai, Colin P Dinney, Ashish M Kamat

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Data for bladder-sparing treatment (BST) in bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients report short-term outcomes limited to 1-2 yr.

OBJECTIVE: To assess long-term survival outcomes of BCG-unresponsive NMIBC patients treated with BST.

DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: BCG-unresponsive NMIBC patients diagnosed between January 2000 and September 2021 from an institutional NMIBC registry were evaluated.

INTERVENTION: Long-term survival outcomes for patients receiving BST, early radical cystectomy (RC), and delayed RC were compared.

OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS).

RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: In total, 114 patients with a median follow-up …

Transcriptional Differences In Identical Twins With Different Reproductive Capacities: A Case Report, Katherine Campbell, Alexandra Dullea, Christian Ramsoomair, Kyle Schuppe, Armin Ghomeshi, Kajal Khodamoradi, Himanshu Arora, Carolina Jorgez, Ranjith Ramasamy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Disorders of sperm production can be classified quantitatively as oligospermia (low sperm count) or azoospermia (no sperm during ejaculation). Numerous genes have been implicated in spermatogenesis. We describe a case of two identical twins who presented with different reproductive capabilities. One brother was infertile due to azoospermia, and the other, although oligospermic, previously naturally fathered a child. They were found to have differential gene expression based on RNA sequencing analysis. In the man with azoospermia, we found elevated E2F1 and HOXB9 gene expressions when compared with his brother, suggesting that the increased RNA expression of these genes could influence sperm …

Comparison Of Satisfaction With Penile Prosthesis Implantation In Patients With Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy Versus Radical Prostatectomy, Justin P Mehr, Kyle A Blum, Travis Green, Skyler Howell, Stephen Palasi, Andrew T Sullivan, Benjamin Kim, Christopher Kannady, Run Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Penile prosthesis surgery (PPS) is a commonly used treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED), either as first-line therapy or in cases refractory to other treatment options. In patients with a urologic malignancy such as prostate cancer, surgical interventions like radical prostatectomy (RP) as well as non-surgical treatments such as radiation therapy can all induce ED. PPS as a treatment for ED has high satisfaction rates in the general population. Our aim was to compare sexual satisfaction in patients with prosthesis implantation for ED following RP versus ED following radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

Methods: A retrospective chart review from our …

Sexual Dimorphism Of Glomerular Capillary Morphology In Rats, Zackarias Coker

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses faster in males than females; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Sex differences in glomerular capillary morphology has been hypothesized to contribute, in part, to the increased susceptibility to hypertension-induced renal injury and CKD progression in males, but this has not been investigated. The goal of the present study was to assess glomerular capillary morphology in male vs. female rats with intact kidneys and after uninephrectomy (UNX). We hypothesized that glomerular capillary radii (R_CAP) and length (L_CAP) would be greater in male rats.

Male (n=4) and female (n=4) with intact …

Patient With Genital Lymphedema, Pain, And Rash, Resa G Magill, Dylan Supak, Rachel Pham, Dustin Luse, Cooper R Benson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Bladder Mucosal Cystitis Cystica Lesions Are Tertiary Lymphoid Tissues That Correlate With Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Frequency In Postmenopausal Women, Marianne M Ligon, Brooke Liang, Stacy M Lenger, Priyanka Parameswaran, Siobhan Sutcliffe, Jerry L Lowder, Indira U Mysorekar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: We identify correlates and clinical outcomes of cystitis cystica, a poorly understood chronic inflammatory bladder change, in women with recurrent urinary tract infections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, observational cohort of women with recurrent urinary tract infections who underwent cystoscopy (n=138) from 2015 to 2018 were identified using electronic medical records. Cystitis cystica status was abstracted from cystoscopy reports and correlations were identified by logistic regression. Urinary tract infection-free survival time associated with cystitis cystica was evaluated by Cox proportional hazards regression. Exact logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with changes to cystitis cystica lesions on repeat …

Following The Map For Improved Kidney Function In Hepatorenal Syndrome, Matthew R Thau, Pavan K Bhatraju

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Quantifying The Number Of Us Men With Erectile Dysfunction Who Are Potential Candidates For Penile Prosthesis Implantation, Sirikan Rojanasarot, Abimbola O Williams, Natalie Edwards, Mohit Khera

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Penile prosthesis implantation (PPI) is a treatment option recommended in clinical guidelines for erectile dysfunction (ED). However, a limited number of urologists perform PPI procedures in the United States.

AIM: To quantify the number of insured men with ED in the United States and project the number of potential candidates for PPI in 2022.

METHODS: An Excel-based disease impact model was constructed using a top-down estimation approach. The starting US male population consisted of adult men from 2022 US Census data after exclusion of age-specific mortality rates from the National Vital Statistics Reports. Men with health insurance were included …

Integrative Clinical And Genomic Characterization Of Mtap-Deficient Metastatic Urothelial Cancer, Omar Alhalabi, Yueting Zhu, Ameer Hamza, Wei Qiao, Yiyun Lin, Raymond M Wang, Amishi Y Shah, Matthew T Campbell, Vijaykumar Holla, Ashish Kamat, Wei-Lien Wang, Jennifer Wang, Jianfeng Chen, Jieru Meng, Miao Zhang, Jolanta Bondaruk, Mark Titus, Giannicola Genovese, Bogdan A Czerniak, Kenna R Shaw, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Charles C Guo, Christopher J Logothetis, Arlene Siefker-Radtke, Pavlos Msaouel, Linghua Wang, Jiyan Liu, Jianjun Gao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Deficiency of MTAP (MTAPdef) mainly occurs because of homozygous loss of chromosome 9p21, which is the most common copy-number loss in metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). We characterized the clinical and genomic features of MTAPdef mUC in 193 patients treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) and 298 patients from the phase 2 IMvigor210 trial, which investigated atezolizumab in cisplatin-ineligible and platinum-refractory disease. In the MDACC cohort, visceral metastases were significantly more common for MTAPdef (n = 48) than for MTAP-proficient (MTAPprof; n = 145) patients (75% vs 55.2%; p = 0.02). MTAPdef was associated with poor prognosis (median overall …

Inhibiting Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Iiialpha With Gsk-F1 Reduces The Plasma Membrane-Associated Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Lipid Messenger Levels In Prostate Cancer Cells, Codrut Radoiu, Diego Sbrissa, Sreenivasa R. Chinni

Medical Student Research Symposium

Inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIa with GSK-F1 reduces the plasma membrane-associated phosphatidylinositol phosphate lipid messenger levels in prostate cancer cells

Codrut Radoiu, Diego Sbrissa, Sreenivasa Chinni

Department of Urology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA

Background: The role of chemokine signaling in prostate cancer metastasis has demonstrated to be a promising focus of research and a potential target for abating malignant cell invasion and metastasis. CXCR4, a GPCR, is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells, with downstream signaling involved in cellular migration, proliferation and survival when it is activated by its ligand, CXCL12. Upon …

Sulopenem For The Treatment Of Complicated And Uncomplicated Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection (Uti), Aiyi Chen, Thanh-Liem Vu, Daniel J. Yang, Landon Olsen

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Comparative Assessment Of The Efficacy Of Onabotulinumtoxina As Monotherapy And Combined Therapy With Propiverine In Female Refractory Overactive-Bladder Syndrome, Abourjila A. Gamal Eldin, Ayman M. Gabr, Amr M. Elsofy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objectives The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA and anticholinergic popeverine in adult females. This is a placebo-controlled study. Introduction The active ingredient, propiverine hydrochloride, blocks muscarinic receptors with a slightly higher affinity for the M3 as compared with the M2 subtype. In addition, it inhibits calcium influx and modulates intracellular calcium in the bladder smooth-muscle cells, which then leads to musculotropic spasmolysis. Patients and methods Between 2015 and 2019, 94 patients received intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity after its introduction into the Department of Urology of our National Institute …

Color Doppler Ultrasound Imaging In Varicoceles: Is The Difference In Venous Diameter Encountered During Valsalva Predictive Of Palpable Varicocele Grade?, Kelly Lehner, Catherine Ingram, Utsav Bansal, Colleen Baca, Adithya Balasubramanian, Nannan Thirumavalavan, Jason M Scovell, Saneal Rajanahally, Matthew Pollard, Larry I Lipshultz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: The clinical grading system for varicoceles is subjective and dependent on clinician experience. Color Doppler ultrasound (US) has not been standardized in the diagnosis of varicoceles. We aimed to determine if US measurement of varicocele could be predictive of World Health Organization (WHO) varicocele grade.

METHODS: Men who presented for either scrotal pain or infertility to a tertiary men's health clinic underwent physical examination, and varicoceles were graded following WHO criteria (0=subclinical, 1, 2, 3). US was used to measure largest venous diameter in the pampiniform plexus bilaterally at rest and during Valsalva maneuver. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis …

Tissue-Specific Dna Methylation Variability And Its Potential Clinical Value, Ryan H Miller, Chad A Pollard, Kristin R Brogaard, Andrew C Olson, Ryan C Barney, Larry I Lipshultz, Erica B Johnstone, Yetunde O Ibrahim, James M Hotaling, Enrique F Schisterman, Sunni L Mumford, Kenneth I Aston, Tim G Jenkins

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Complex diseases have multifactorial etiologies making actionable diagnostic biomarkers difficult to identify. Diagnostic research must expand beyond single or a handful of genetic or epigenetic targets for complex disease and explore a broader system of biological pathways. With the objective to develop a diagnostic tool designed to analyze a comprehensive network of epigenetic profiles in complex diseases, we used publicly available DNA methylation data from over 2,400 samples representing 20 cell types and various diseases. This tool, rather than detecting differentially methylated regions at specific genes, measures the intra-individual methylation variability within gene promoters to identify global shifts away from …

Peyronie's Disease: An Outcomes-Based Guide To Non-Surgical And Novel Treatment Modalities, Amit G Reddy, Michelle C Dai, Jeffrey J Song, Hudson M Pierce, Sagar R Patel, Larry I Lipshultz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The clinical landscape of Peyronie's disease is everchanging. There has been growing interest in non-invasive therapeutic options that could assist patients with achieving a meaningful reduction in penile curvature without surgical intervention. These therapies are wide-ranging in terms of their mechanisms of action, efficacies, and short- and long-term safety profiles. Recently, an abundance of outcomes literature on longstanding and novel non-surgical treatment modalities has been published. For sexual medicine providers hoping to offer patients the most up-to-date and evidence-based treatments for the management of Peyronie's disease, it can be challenging to gain a thorough understanding of this body of literature. …

Prostate Imaging Reporting And Data System Score (Pi-Rads) And Glutathione S-Transferase P1 Methylation Status (Gst-P1) In The Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer Patients With Borderline Psa Values, Marius Stan, Vladimir Botnarciuc, Andra Iulia Suceveanu, Andreea Cristina Costea, Adrian Paul Suceveanu, Laura Mazilu, Ciprian Iorga, Tony Hangan, Corneliu Tudor, Dragos Epistatu, Sergiu Chirila, Viorel Gherghina, Felix Voinea

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Objectives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of Prostate Imaging – Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADS) in combination with Glutathione S-transferase P1 (GST-P1) expression for an improved diagnosis of prostate cancer, in patients with inconclusive values of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 80 patients for whom PSA values were evaluated and were found to be inconclusive (4-10 ng/ml). These patients underwent imagistic evaluation (PI-RADS), followed by transurethral prostate biopsy, with the evaluation of GST-P1 expression and histopathological examination (for diagnosis confirmation). Results. By combining the results of …

Steap1-4 (Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen Of The Prostate 1-4) And Their Clinical Implications For Prostate Cancer, Michael Xu, Latese Evans, Candice L Bizzaro, Fabio Quaglia, Cecilia E Verrillo, Li Li, Julia Stieglmaier, M J Schiewer, Lucia R Languino, William Kevin Kelly

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of the Prostate 1-4 (STEAP1-4) compose a family of metalloproteinases involved in iron and copper homeostasis and other cellular processes. Thus far, five homologs are known: STEAP1, STEAP1B, STEAP2, STEAP3, and STEAP4. In prostate cancer, STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 are overexpressed, while STEAP3 expression is downregulated. Although the metalloreductase activities of STEAP1-4 are well documented, their other biological functions are not. Furthermore, the properties and expression levels of STEAP heterotrimers, homotrimers, heterodimers, and homodimers are not well understood. Nevertheless, studies over the last few decades have provided sufficient impetus to investigate STEAP1-4 as potential biomarkers and therapeutic …

Complication Rates In Patients Using Intracavernosal Injection Therapy For Erectile Dysfunction With Or Without Concurrent Anticoagulant Use-A Single-Center, Retrospective Pilot Study, Kyle A Blum, Justin P Mehr, Travis Green, Lauren Conroy, Vanessa Marino, Daniel Kim, Kailash Panchapakesan, Liam Murphy, Sravan Panuganti, Run Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Intracavernosal injection therapy (ICI) is an effective intervention used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). It has been proposed that caution should be exercised when prescribing ICI to patients currently taking anticoagulants (AC) due to the theoretical increased risk of bleeding, however, there is limited literature describing complication rates of actively anticoagulated patients utilizing ICI.

Aim: We sought to determine whether there was a difference in bleeding and other complications in a cohort of patients using ICI therapy with or without concurrent AC use.

Methods: We reviewed our institutional electronic health record and identified 168 patients who were seen in …

The Emotional Impact Of Urinary Tract Infections In Women: A Qualitative Analysis, Larissa Grigoryan, Aruni Mulgirigama, Marcy Powell, Guido Schmiemann

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: While many studies address the clinical management of participants with uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI), the emotional impact of uUTIs has been investigated less often. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the emotional experience of women with uUTIs.

METHODS: This was a qualitative, exploratory, in-depth interview-based study conducted among women in the United States (US) and Germany. Women aged ≥ 18 years with at least one uUTI treated with antibiotics in the past year were recruited through a patient community panel and physician referrals. Participants were recruited using purposive sampling to include an equal split of …

Urinary Incontinence: Understanding The Silent Plight Of Women, Yasmin Nadeem Parpio, Anmol Minaz, Sonia Ijaz Haider

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as the complaint of involuntary loss of urine. UI affects both men and women but is more common in women. It has been identified as a World Health Organization priority. The burden related to UI at local, national, and global levels is huge and its impact in terms of physical, social, mental, and financial aspects makes it a concerning issue. However, there exist several barriers in terms of knowledge and attitude in seeking healthcare among women experiencing UI. This calls upon a multi-disciplinary approach involving professionals from different disciplines and tackling it with collaborative and …

Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: Patient Characteristics, Treatment, And Clinical Outcomes In One South Texas Acute Care Hospital, Kimberly A. Ambrosini, Jose Campo Maldonado

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) account for 40 percent of nosocomial infections worldwide. Their elimination is at the forefront of quality improvement in one South Texas acute care hospital.

Methods: Over a period of 6 months, five CA-UTIs occurred in one South Texas acute care hospital. These cases were identified via regular surveillance by Infection Prevention staff and the Laboratory Department of the hospital. This research reviews patient age, sex, length of stay, bacteria contracted, appropriate antibiotic use, patient characteristics, and overall outcomes.

Results: Between the months of July and December 2021, 5 CAUTIs were contracted. Patients …

Anatomy And Function Of Ventral Tegmental Area Glutamate Neurons, Jing Cai, Qingchun Tong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is well known for regulating reward consumption, learning, memory, and addiction behaviors through mediating dopamine (DA) release in downstream regions. Other than DA neurons, the VTA is known to be heterogeneous and contains other types of neurons, including glutamate neurons. In contrast to the well-studied and established functions of DA neurons, the role of VTA glutamate neurons is understudied, presumably due to their relatively small quantity and a lack of effective means to study them. Yet, emerging studies have begun to reveal the importance of glutamate release from VTA neurons in regulating diverse behavioral repertoire …

Breakthroughs In Hormonal Male Contraception, Alexander Patton, Seth Vann

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: Assess the efficacy of a nestorone plus testosterone gel at suppressing progestin levels and spermatogenesis.

Design: Systematic literature review.

Methods: Searches were done in PubMed and Dartmouth library using the terms nestorone, randomized control trial, human, and male. Limits used while searching included published in the last 10 years, randomized control trials, and English.

Results: Using the search criteria the following three studies were found that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria of this study: Ilani et al, Zitzmann et al, and Anawalt et al. All three studies were found on PubMed and reference the Ilani et al study.

Conclusion: Nestorone …

Periaortic Venous Necklace And Renal Right Double Arteries; Case Report, Petru Bordei, Constantin Andrei Rusali, Constantin Ionescu, Dragos Serban, Valeriu Ardeleanu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The case was found on an organic sample consisting of the two kidneys with the renal pedicles and the corresponding segments of the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. From the inferior face of the left renal vein, on the lower side of the aorta, a venous branch with an upward path of 8.02 mm was detached, passing on the anterior face of the aorta, passing before its right side, in order to end on the left side of the inferior vena cava, 13.9 mm above the end of the left renal vein in the inferior vena cava, this branch …

The Analysis Of Risk Factors Associated With Women's Urinary Incontinence; Literature Review, Denisa Oana Balalau, Octavian Gabriel Olaru, Nicolae Bacalbasa, Stana Paunica, Daniela Gabriela Balan, Anca Daniela Stanescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition among women. Approximately 50% of them had an involuntary loss of urine at least once in their lifetime. It can be present during sexual activity, contributing to sexual dysfunction and often associated with anxiety or even depression, thus having a negative impact on the quality of life. The incidence of UI is related to the existence of predisposing factors. The best known are: age, weight, family history, race/ ethnicity, number of pregnancies and mode of birth, history of genitourinary interventions and factors related to ordinary habits: smoking, caffeine consumption, oral contraceptives. Studies on …

Efficacy And Safety Of Once-Daily Vibegron For Treatment Of Overactive Bladder In Patients Aged ≥65 And ≥75 Years: Subpopulation Analysis From The Empowur Randomized, International, Phase Iii Study, Susann Varano, David Staskin, Jeffrey Frankel, Denise Shortino, Rachel Jankowich, Paul N. Mudd

Physician Associate Studies Faculty Publications

Background

Overactive bladder (OAB) is common among older adults. The efficacy and safety of vibegron for the treatment of OAB were demonstrated in the international, phase III EMPOWUR trial. This subpopulation analysis from EMPOWUR assessed the efficacy and safety of vibegron in patients aged ≥ 65 and ≥ 75 years.

Methods

In EMPOWUR, patients with OAB were randomly assigned 5:5:4 to receive once-daily vibegron 75 mg, placebo, or tolterodine 4 mg extended release, respectively, once daily for 12 weeks. Coprimary efficacy endpoints were change from baseline at week 12 in average daily number of micturitions and urge urinary incontinence (UUI) …